文档文本内容
Lecture
2019【秋】高二腾飞班
New words and expressions
lure
/lʊə/
v.
引诱，诱惑
peculiar
/pɪ'kjuːlɪə/
adj.
特殊的，独特的
require
/rɪ'kwaɪə/
v.
需要，要求
extend
/ɪk'stend/
v.
延伸，扩大
distinguished
/dɪ'stɪŋgwɪʃt/
adj.
杰出的，著名的
insistent
/ɪn'sɪstənt/
adj.
连续的，不断的
boom
/buːm/
v.
轰响
continuously
/kən'tɪnjʊəsli/
adv.
连续不断地
New words and expressions
caveman
/'keɪvmæn/
n.
（远古）洞穴人
pot‐holing
/pɒt‐,həʊlɪŋ/
n.
洞穴探险，洞穴探
险运动
solitude
/'sɒlɪtjuːd/
n.
孤独，寂寞
pot‐holer
/pɒt‐həulə/
n.
洞穴探险者
undertaking
/ʌndə'teɪkɪŋ/
n.
任务，工作
foresight
/'fɔːsaɪt/
n.
预见;深谋远虑
foretell
/fɔː'tel/
v.
预言
Grenoble
/grə'nəubl/
n.
格里诺布尔
chasm
/'kæzəm/
n.
断层，裂口，陷坑
New words and expressions
flaw
/flɔː/
n.
小裂缝
Everest
/'evərɪst/
n.
珠穆朗玛峰
wade
/weɪd/
v.
涉水
waterfall
/'wɔːtəfɔːl/
n.
瀑布
gear
/gɪə/
n.
一套用具
inflatable
/ɪn'fleɪtəbəl/
adj.
可充气的
rubble
/'rʌbəl/
n.
碎瓦
waterspout
/'wɔːtəspaʊt/
n.
强大的水柱
cleft
/kleft/
n.
裂隙，开口
学而思网校
New words and expressions
cavern
/'kævən/
n.
大洞穴
stalagmite
/'stæləgmaɪt/
n.
石笋
limestone
/'laɪmstəʊn/
n.
石灰石
glisten
/'glɪsən/
v.
闪烁
eerie
/'ɪərɪ/
adj.
引起恐惧的，可怕的
dome
/dəʊm/
n.
穹窿，圆顶
词性词义
(1) v. 引诱，诱惑
People may be lured into buying tickets by clever advertising.
(2) n.
the lure of easy money 轻松赚钱的诱惑
He wasn’t mature enough to resist the lure of drink and drugs.
词汇讲解
1. lure /lʊә/
诱惑物；诱惑力；吸引力
词汇辨析
(1) attract v.
be attracted to... 被吸引到……
I guess it was his eyes that attracted me first.
(2) attraction n.
Being your own boss is one of the attractions of owning your own business.
词汇讲解
1. lure /lʊә/
吸引；引诱
吸引力，诱惑力；吸引人之物
词汇讲解
2. peculiar /pɪ'kjuːlɪә/
词性词义
(1) adj. 特殊的，独特的
There was a peculiar smell in the kitchen.
Something peculiar is going on.
(2) adj.
The problem of racism is not peculiar to this country.
（某人、某地、某种情况等）特有的
学而思网校
词汇讲解
2. peculiar /pɪ'kjuːlɪә/
词汇辨析
(1) peculiar: strange or unusual, especially in a way that is unpleasant or worrying
For some peculiar reason , she refused to go inside.
(2) odd: strange or unusual
They're very odd people.
There's something odd about that man.
怪异的；奇怪的；不寻常的
奇怪的；怪异的；反常的
词汇讲解
3. require
/rɪ'kwaɪә/
词性词义
v. 需要，要求
Our classroom requires cleaning/to be cleaned.
They required me to keep silent.
Our teacher required that we should pay attention to our handwriting.
The new task requires hard efforts of us.
词汇拓展
n. 需要；要求；必要的条件
basic requirements 基本的要求
meet/satisfy sb.'s requirements 满足某人的要求
requirement
词汇讲解
4. extend
/ɪk'stend/
词性词义
(1) v. 延伸；延长至；扩大
This road extends to the river.
Their stay extends to the New Year.
The company extended its services to Hong Kong.
(2) v.
Extend your left hand.
伸开；伸出
词汇讲解
4. extend
/ɪk'stend/
词汇拓展
n. 延伸；延长期；扩大
a visa extension 延长签证
The wire has an extension of 50 feet.
The extension of the garden will take several weeks.
extension
学而思网校
词性词义
(1) adj. 杰出的，著名的
Yuan Longping has a distinguished career in agriculture.
(2) adj.
distinguished guests 贵宾；嘉宾
词汇讲解
5. distinguished /dɪ'stɪŋgwɪʃt/
高贵的；尊贵的
词汇拓展
distinguish
(1) v. 使杰出；使显出特色
He distinguished himself by winning 4 prizes.
(2) v. 区别；辨别；使有别于
distinguish between good and evil 分清善恶
You should distinguish facts from rumors.
Speech distinguishes man from the animals.
词汇讲解
5. distinguished /dɪ'stɪŋgwɪʃt/
词汇讲解
6. insistent /ɪn'sɪstәnt/
词性词义
(1) adj. 连续的，不断的
insistent demands 再三的要求
I hate the insistent ringing of the telephone.
(2) adj.
They were insistent on having a contract for the work.
Why are you so insistent that we leave tonight?
坚决要求的；坚持的；固执
词汇讲解
6. insistent /ɪn'sɪstәnt/
词汇拓展
(1)
v. 坚持说；坚持认为
He insisted on his innocence.
He insisted that he was right.
(2)
v. 坚持；坚决要求
He insisted on walking me to the station.
He insisted (that) the problem (should) be solved at once.
insist
insist
学而思网校
词性词义
(1) v.&n. 轰响
Outside, thunder boomed and crashed.
the distant boom of the guns 远远处隆隆的炮声
(2) v.&n.
Business is booming!
The economic boom in recent years has created more job opportunities.
词汇讲解
7. boom
/buːm/
繁荣；迅速发展
词汇拓展
adj. 飞速发展的
the booming economy of Southern China 中国南方蓬勃发展的经济
booming
词性词义
adv. 连续不断地
The human body continuously produces heat.
词汇讲解
8. continuously /kәn'tɪnjʊәsli/
词汇拓展
(1)
adj. 不断的；持续的；连续的
She was in continuous employment until the age of sixty‐five.
The rain has been continuous since this morning.
(2)
v. 继续；持续
The children asked the old man to continue with his story.
Though wounded, they continued fighting.
She continued to work after her long vacation.
continuous
continue
Grammar
Part Two
语法讲解
非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语要与句子主语保持一致。若不一致，
非谓语动词就要另带主语构成复合结构，这种结构就是“独立主格结构”。
除此之外，名词、形容词、副词等其他词类也可以加上逻辑主语构成独立
主格结构。
独立主格结构常见有三种形式：
①非谓语动词的独立主格结构
②其他词类的独立主格结构
③“with/without+复合宾语”的独立主格结构
独立主格结构
学而思网校
语法讲解
1. “名词/代词+不定式”：表示还未发生的情况，常作原因或条件状语。
Nobody to come tomorrow, we will have to put off the meeting till
next week.
2. “名词/代词+现在分词”：表示主动或进行，常作时间、原因、条件、
伴随或方式状语。
We shall play the match tomorrow, weather permitting.
3. “名词/代词+过去分词”：表示被动或完成，常作时间、原因、伴随和
条件状语。
The job finished, we went home.
非谓语动词的独立主格结构
语法讲解
1. “名词/代词+名词”：可看作是名词前省略了being，常作伴随状语。
Two hundred people died in the accident, many of them children.
2. “名词/代词+形容词或副词”：也可看作是形容词或副词前省略了being，
常作原因、时间或伴随状语。
He sat in the front row, his mouth half open.
3. “名词/代词+介词（短语）”：也可看作是介词（短语）前省略了being，
常作伴随状语。
The soldiers dashed in, rifle in hand.
其他词类的独立主格结构
语法讲解
一般来说，独立主格结构都可以在前面加上with/without构成复合结构。
此时，原来的逻辑主语变成了宾语，非谓或其他词类则变成了宾语补足语。
1. “with+名词/代词+不定式”：常表示还未发生的动作。
The girl feels excited with so many places of interest to visit.
2. “with+名词/代词+现在分词”：表示主动的或正在进行的动作。
With so many people looking at him, he felt very nervous.
3. “with+名词/代词+过去分词”：表示被动的动作。
She had to walk home with her bike stolen.
4. “with+名词/代词+形容词或副词”：表示时间、原因或伴随。
Don’t sleep with the windows open.
5. “with+名词/代词+介词短语”：表示原因或伴随。
She came in with a book in her hand.
“with/without+复合宾语”的独立主格结构
语法讲解
Summary
非谓语动词
作定语
非谓语动词
作定语
位置
过去分词
现在分词
不定式
非谓语动词
作状语
非谓语动词
作状语
现在分词
过去分词
不定式
固定搭配
独立主格结
构
独立主格结
构
非谓语动词
其他词类
with/without
学而思网校
