Lecture
2019【秋】高二腾飞班
New words and expressions
sentimentally
/ˌsentɪ'mentəlɪ/ adv.
感情上，多情地
lavishly
/'lævɪʃlɪ/
adv.
慷慨地，大方地
immaculate
/ɪ'mækjʊlət/
adj.
清洁的，无污点的
gleam
/gliːm/
v.
发亮，闪光
invisible
/ɪn'vɪzɪbəl/
adj.
看不见的，无形的
enlightened
/ɪn'laɪtənd/
adj.
开明的
industriousness /ɪn'dʌstrɪəsnɪs/ n.
勤奋
qualification
/ˌkwɒlɪfɪ'keɪʃən/ n.
资格，能力
New words and expressions
rambling
/'ræmblɪŋ/
adj.
杂乱无章的
parquet
/'pa:keɪ/
n.
镶木地板
preside
/prɪ'zaɪd/
v.
指挥
scrub
/skrʌb/
v.
擦拭，刷洗
fickleness
/'fɪklnəs/
n.
变化无常
unrelenting
/ˌʌnrɪ'lentɪŋ/
adj.
不屈不挠的，不松懈的
disillusion
/ˌdɪsɪ'luːʒən/
v.
使幻想破灭
mirth
/mɜːθ/
n.
欢笑，高兴
stack
/stæk/
v.
整齐地堆放
cellar
/'selə/
n.
地窖
词性词义
adv. 感情上，多情地
"I miss the good old days," she added sentimentally.
词汇拓展
(1)
adj. 伤感的；多愁善感的；感情用事的
The novel has scenes full of love and loss; it is so sentimental!
(2)
n. 情绪；观点；感情
Public sentiment rapidly turned anti‐American.
There is no room for sentiment in business.
词汇讲解
1. sentimentally /ˌsentə'mɛntəlɪ/
sentimental
sentiment
学而思网校
词汇讲解
1. sentimentally /ˌsentə'mɛntəlɪ/
词汇辨析
(1) sensitive
This film is sensitive to light.
(2) sensible
The patient was speechless but still sensible.
(3) sensational
I read a sensational story about a ten‐year‐old mother.
adj. 敏感的，灵敏的
adj.有知觉的，可感知的；明智的
adj.耸人听闻的，令人激动的
词性词义
(1) adv. 慷慨地，大方地
Entertaining in style needn't mean spending lavishly.
(2) adv.
The apartment building was lavishly decorated.
词汇拓展
(1) lavish adj. 耗资巨大的；慷慨的；大方的
They lived a very lavish lifestyle.
He was lavish in his praise for her paintings.
(2) lavish
v. 浪费；慷慨给予；滥用
The lady always lavish her money on beautiful clothes.
词汇讲解
2. lavishly
/'lævɪʃlɪ/
盛大奢华地
词汇讲解
3. immaculate
/ɪ'mækjʊlɪt/
词性词义
(1) adj. 整洁的，无污点的
Her kitchen was kept immaculate.
(2) adj.
The goalie's performance was immaculate.
词汇拓展
adv. 一尘不染地；完美无缺地
He was immaculately dressed as always.
The orchestra plays immaculately.
完美无缺的
immaculately
词汇讲解
4. gleam
/gli:m/
词性词义
(1) v. 发亮，闪光
His black hair gleamed in the sun.
(2) n.
There was a gleam of hope for a peaceful settlement.
一丝
学而思网校
词汇讲解
4. gleam
/gli:m/
词汇辨析
(1) flash
(2) sparkle
(3) glow
(4) gleam
(5) twinkle
(6) glitter
指突然出现即消失的闪光，如闪电的光。
指发出闪动的光或火星。
指像熔铁余烬等发出的明亮、强烈、夺目的光。
指透过间隔物或映衬于较暗背景上的微弱光线，也指闪光。
指断断续续或摇晃不定的灿烂闪光。
指连续发出的闪烁不定的光，有时含贬义。
词汇讲解
5. invisible /ɪn'vɪzɪbəl/
词性词义
(1) adj. 看不见的
invisible hand
看不见的手
invisible assets
无形资产
(2) adj. 无形的
invisible earnings 无形收益
词汇讲解
5. invisible /ɪn'vɪzɪbəl/
词汇拓展
(1)
adv. 看不见地；看不出地
He looked at me and nodded, almost invisibly.
(2)
n. 看不见；看不见的东西
The ink had faded to invisibility.
(3)
adj. 明显的；看得见的
The house is clearly visible from the beach.
invisibly
invisibility
visible
词汇讲解
5. invisible /ɪn'vɪzɪbəl/
词汇辨析
Cats have good night vision.
The couple moved outside her field of vision .
(2) visibility
Visibility was down to about 100 metres in the fog.
能见度高:
good visibility
能见度低:
bad/poor visibility
(1) vision
n. 能见度，可见性
n. 视力；视野
学而思网校
Practice
1. You can see the stars on a clear night, but in the daytime they are ____.
A. unavoidable
B. invisible
C. inaccessible
D. unavailable
2. Everyone says he will be elected as chairman, but I'm ____ of it.
A. suspicious
B. invisible
C. doubtless
D. sceptical
B
D
词汇讲解
6. enlightened
/ɪn'laɪtənd/
词性词义
adj. 开明的
enlightened opinions/attitudes/ideas
词汇拓展
(1)
adj. 使人领悟的；有启发作用的
He has given an enlightening speech.
(2)
v. 启发；开导；阐明
She didn't enlighten him about her background.
(3)
n. 启迪；启蒙运动；教化
Stella had a moment of enlightenment.
enlightening
enlighten
enlightenment
开明的见解/态度/想法
词性词义
n. 勤奋
I have a command of English, due to my industriousness.
词汇拓展
(1)
adj. 勤勉的
She was an industrious and willing worker.
(2)
adv. 勤奋地，努力地
She paints industriously all through the summer.
(3)
n. 产业；工业；勤勉
No one doubted his ability, his industry or his integrity.
词汇讲解
7. industriousness
/ɪn'dʌstrɪəsnɪs/
industrious
industriously
industry
Practice
1. There _____ in that part of the country.
A. are not much industry
B. is not many industry
C. are not many industry
D. is not much industry
2. You can't paint a picture without an _____.
A. inspiration
B. industry
C. intermediate
D. incident
D
A
学而思网校
词汇讲解
8. qualification
/ˌkwɒlɪfɪ'keɪʃən/
词性词义
n. 资格，能力
—"Do you have any qualifications?"
—"Yes, I'm certified to teach high school.“
词汇拓展
(1)
v. 取得资格；使具有资格
We qualified for the final by beating Stanford on Tuesday.
(2)
adj. 合格的；有资格的
I am qualified for the job．
He's qualified to teach biology at high school level.
qualify
qualified
Practice
1. The ____ you need for an activity or task is the skill that you need to be able to do
it.
A. qualification
B. composition
C. collection
D. satisfaction
2. The technology, in my opinion, could have ____ in such fields as military, medicine
and public safety.
A. appreciations
B. appointments
C. applications
D. qualifications
A
C
3
1
She was ______________ (sentimental) attached to this house.
His teeth _____________ (发亮，闪光) under his moustache.
The plane is meant to be _____________ (visible) to radar.
This is an _____________ (enlighten) talk on the work done at the zoo.
Hong Kong workers are known for their _______________ (industrious).
We are looking for graduates with _______________ (qualify) in maths and
science.
sentimentally
跟踪练习
2
3
4
5
gleamed
6
invisible
enlightening
industriousness
qualifications
If I were you, I would go to the concert with them.
黄金句型
1
If she were alive today she would not be able to air her views on her favourite
topic of conversation: domestic servants.
如果她活到今天，她将不能就她热衷的话题“佣人”发表意见了。
句型
解读
“如果……就……”虚拟语气句型：If sb. were… sb. would
do…
如果我是你的话，我就会和他们一起去参加音乐会。
学而思网校
No matter how often they turn up, their welcome never wears out.
黄金句型
2
No matter how many guests were present, the great house was always
immaculate.
不管去多少宾客，大房子里总是收拾得干干净净。
句型
解读
“不管…… ”句型：no matter +疑问词
不管他们多久露面一次，都那么受欢迎。
Grammar
Part Two
语法讲解
语气的分类
虚拟语气
（Subjunctive Mood）
• If I were you, I
would go there.
陈述语气
（Indicative Mood）
• I love you.
祈使语气
（Imperative Mood）
• Please listen to me
carefully.
语法讲解
if引导的条件状语从句
If条件从句
从现
主将
If it is fine tomorrow, we will go to the park.
if conj.
①（表条件）如果真实条件句
→ 主将从现
表示假设是可能发生或实现的，从句和主句皆用陈述语气。
②（表假设）假如非真实条件句→ 虚拟语气
即虚拟条件句，表示假设是不可能发生或实现的，从句和主句皆用虚拟语气。
学而思网校
语法讲解
对现在情况的虚拟
条件句×虚拟语气
①If I had time, I would attend the meeting.
②If I were you, I should seize the opportunity to go abroad.
时态类型
从句
主句
现在
主语+ would/should/could/might + do
if + 主语+ did (were)
语法讲解
条件句×虚拟语气
小试牛刀
1. 假如我是你，我就不放弃。
If I _____ you, I _________ give up.
2. I might speak French fluently if I __________ (give) the chance to
stay in France for some time.
3. I ____________ (not, have) any more to eat, if I were you.
were
were given
wouldn't have
would not
语法讲解
对过去情况的虚拟
条件句×虚拟语气
时态类型
从句
主句
过去
主语+ would/should/could/might
+ have done
if + 主语+ had done
If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed the exam.
语法讲解
条件句×虚拟语气
小试牛刀
If we had arrived here 10 minutes earlier, we _______ the bus.
A. would catch
B. had caught
C. will have caught
D. would have caught
D
学而思网校
语法讲解
条件句×虚拟语气
对将来情况的虚拟
①If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.
②If it were to rain tomorrow, we would put off the sports meeting.
③If he should not come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next Monday.
时态类型
从句
主句
将来
主语+ would/should/could/might + do
①if + 主语+ did (were)
②if + 主语+ were to do
③if + 主语+ should do
语法讲解
条件句×虚拟语气
小试牛刀
If it ______ tomorrow, what would we do?
A. rains
B. were to rain
C. would rain
D. rain
B
语法讲解
条件句×虚拟语气
if引导的虚拟条件句∙ 小结
时态
从句
现在
过去
将来
主句
did/were
would/should/could/might
+ do
had done
would/should/could/might
+ have done
①did
②were to do
③should do
would/should/could/might
+ do
语法讲解
条件句×虚拟语气
错综条件句
①If I were you, I wouldn't have missed the film last night.
从句→现在
主句→过去
②If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.
从句→过去
主句→现在
时间不一致，动词形式要调整。
学而思网校
语法讲解
条件句×虚拟语气
小试牛刀
1. If you had had everything ready yesterday, you ____ in such a hurry now.
A. wouldn't have been
B. wouldn't be C. hadn't been
D. haven't been
2. If he ____ hard at his study in the past few years, things wouldn't be going so
smoothly.
A. had not been working
B. has not been working
C. was not working
D. were not working
3. If the island ____ a tourist attraction, last week's earthquake would have caused
far more deaths.
A. remained
B. would remain
C. has remained
D. is to remain
B
A
A
语法讲解
条件句×虚拟语气
if的省略
①If I were at school again, I would study harder.
→ Were I at school again, I would study harder.
②If you had come earlier, you would have caught the bus.
→ Had you come earlier, you would have caught the bus.
③If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.
→ Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.
在虚拟条件句的if从句中如果有were，had或should，则可以省略if，
把were，had，should提到句首，变成倒装句式。
语法讲解
条件句×虚拟语气
小试牛刀
1. ____ every student aware of the importance of study, they would study efficiently.
A. Were
B. Should
C. May
D. Had
2. ____ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful
dinner party.
A. Had they arrived
B. Would they arrive
C. Were they arriving
D. Were they to arrive
3. It might have saved me much trouble ____ the schedule.
A. did I know
B. have I known
C. do I know
D. had I known
A
D
D
语法讲解
条件句×虚拟语气
含蓄条件虚拟语气
①What would you do with a million dollars?
②But for your help, we couldn't have finished the work ahead of time.
③I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have come to the party.
有时为了表达的需要，假设的情况并不以if条件句表现出来，而是通过
with，without，but for，otherwise，or等词暗含在上下文中。
小试牛刀
Sally can't have written to me, or I _____________ (get) the letter by now.
would have got
学而思网校
语法讲解
名词性从句×虚拟语气
表示命令、建议、要求等名词性从句中的虚拟语气
在以下词（及其变形）后的名词性从句中，要用
“should do”表虚拟，should可省。
一坚持：insist
二命令：order，command
三建议：advise，suggest，propose
四要求：demand，require，request，desire
语法讲解
名词性从句×虚拟语气
表示命令、建议、要求等名词性从句中的虚拟语气
宾语从句：He insisted that he (should) be sent here.
主语从句：It is demanded that Japan (should) handle the current issue properly.
表语从句：My proposal is that we (should) do exercises first.
同位语从句：We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go sightseeing.
注意：suggest表示“暗示，表明”，insist表示“坚决认为”时，后接陈述语气。
①The pale look on his face suggested that he was ill.
②Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.
课堂总结
1. Text：The ideal servant
2. Grammar：
虚拟条件句和名词性从句的虚拟语气
sentimentally
lavishly
immaculate
gleam
invisible
enlightened
industriousness
qualification
学而思网校
