专题15 完形填空
考点
五年考情（2022-2026）
命题趋势
考点1 记叙文之
人与自我
（5 年6 考）
2026 全国一卷---作者离家读大学后，慢慢感念故
乡小镇生活的珍贵与美好；
2026 全国二卷---作者原本自认没有写作天赋，放
弃文学选择从教，后来一位学生的提问点醒了
她，最终重拾写作梦想、勇敢追梦的故事；
2026 浙江一月卷---厄休拉求职不顺后，创办向日
葵农场；
2025 全国一卷---搬家赠送旧物获得快乐；
2024 新课标I 卷—跑步感悟目标量力而行；
2022 新课标I 卷—短暂打工经历体会；
1.主题以人与社会为主，兼
顾人与自我和人与自然”。
2.话题广泛，贴近学生，贴
近生活，贴近时代。
3.熟词生义考查是完形填空
备考难点和薄弱点，应加以
重视，需要长期积累。
4.完形填空短语考查也是不
少学生的软肋，需要深入积
累和查漏补缺。
5.词语复现是完形填空一大
特色，需要学会准确把握上
下文特定语境照应提升答题
能力。
6.完形填空侧重通过故事传
递正能量，讴歌真善美，弘
扬社会主义核心价值观。
考点2 记叙文之
人与社会
（5 年10 考）
2025 全国二卷---老奶奶坚持健身消除网路质疑；
2025 浙江1 月卷--老师将烹饪发展为新社交平台；
2024 新课标II 卷—定居意大利的生活;
2024 浙江1 月卷—火车上偶遇中国男士;
2024 九省联考卷—加油站陌生人帮修车;
2023 新课标I 卷—背受伤女孩到终点线;
2023 新课标II 卷—飞行员接力帮陌生人送狗;
2023 四省联考卷—父亲造成孩子学习困难;
2022 新课标I 卷---野营趣事;
2022 新课标II 卷—环球旅行新模式-代为看家
考点2 记叙文之
人与自然
（5 年2 考）
2025 八省联考卷—海滩上鸽子帮老人捡项链；
2023 浙江1 月卷—养蜂人采蜂；
【2026 全国一卷】
考点01 记叙文之人与自我
I grew up in a little town in northeast Ohio. The ____41____ of how little people knew about Ohio came
quickly after I went to school in central Pennsylvania. Though I lived ____42____ three and a half hours away,
most of my classmates thought of Ohio as a whole different world. “Do you have to fly home? Do you live on a
farm?” The ____43____ were never-ending. I was a ____44____ in their eyes.
As I grow older, I’m more and more ____45____ for my small town roots. Sure, my friends and I loved
to ____46____ about how bored we were in the middle of nowhere; ____47____, as I finish up my junior year of
college, I’m convinced that it took ____48____ our small town to realize how much we actually loved it and what
exactly we loved about it.
The pace of life is slow and people ____49____ connecting to each other. You do more than just talk to your
neighbors — in a lot of cases, they’re truly an ____50____ of your family. Much of this ____51____ centers
around being outside and knowing the ins and outs of the town; being present and mindful of your ____52____ is
a critical part of the culture.
As I move through my college years, I ____53____ the visits to my little hometown. I am grateful for
the ____54____ that I had growing up and know that wherever my next adventure takes me, I can ____55____ my
small town roots to lead me in the right direction.
41. A. fantasy
B. prejudice
C. realization
D. expectation
42. A. only
B. indeed
C. still
D. even
43. A. tests
B. questions
C. games
D. debates
44. A. success
B. victim
C. novelty
D. problem
45. A. thankful
B. hopeful
C. suitable
D. reliable
46. A. dream
B. lie
C. hear
D. complain
47. A. therefore
B. however
C. instead
D. otherwise
48. A. touring
B. changing
C. leaving
D. protecting
49. A. value
B. admit
C. fear
D. remember
50. A. advantage
B. example
C. honor
D. extension
51. A. lifestyle
B. landscape
C. procedure
D. personality
52. A. findings
B. surroundings
C. belongings
D. greetings
53. A. give up
B. put off
C. face up to
D. look forward to
54. A. confidence
B. reputation
C. experience
D. opportunity
55. A. inspire
B. trust
C. remind
D. challenge
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. A 46. D 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. D 54.
C 55. B
【解析】
【导语】文章主要讲述作者离家读大学后，慢慢感念故乡小镇生活的珍贵与美好。
【41 题详解】
考查名词。句意：在我去宾夕法尼亚州中部上学后，我很快意识到人们对俄亥俄了解甚少。A. fantasy 幻想；
B. prejudice 偏见；C. realization 领悟、认知；D. expectation 期待。根据后文“how little people knew about
Ohio came quickly after I went to school in central Pennsylvania.”以及“most of my classmates thought of Ohio
as a whole different world.”可知，作者上学后才认识到人们对俄亥俄了解甚少。
【42 题详解】
考查副词。句意：尽管我住的地方仅仅只有三个半小时路程，但大多数同学都觉得俄亥俄完全是另一个世
界。A. only 仅仅；B. indeed 的确；C. still 仍然；D. even 甚至。根据后文“Do you have to fly home?”可知，
同学误以为距离极远要坐飞机回家，实际路程很短，只有三个半小时路程。
【43 题详解】
考查名词。句意：各种各样的问题没完没了。A. tests 测试；B. questions 问题；C. games 游戏；D. debates
辩论。根据前文“Do you have to fly home? Do you live on a farm?”可知， 同学们提出了一些列问题。
【44 题详解】
考查名词。句意：在他们眼中，我是一个少见新奇的人。A. success 成功；B. victim 受害者；C. novelty 新
奇的人；D. problem 麻烦。根据前文““Do you have to fly home? Do you live on a farm?” The _____ were
never-ending. ”可知，同学们对俄亥俄小镇和作者的情况不了解，很好奇，把作者当作新奇的外来者。
【45 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：随着年龄增长，我越来越感激自己的小镇出身。A. thankful 感激的；B. hopeful 满怀希
望的；C. suitable 合适的；D. reliable 可靠的。根据后文“I am grateful for...”可知，作者心存感激。
【46 题详解】
考查动词。句意：诚然，从前我和朋友们总爱抱怨待在偏僻地方有多无聊，然而，在我读完大三之际，我
确信只有离开小镇，我们才明白自己有多深爱这里、喜爱这里的点点滴滴。A. dream 梦想；B. lie 撒谎；C.
hear 听见；D. complain 抱怨。根据后文“how bored we were”可知，作者和朋友从前经常抱怨小镇无趣。
【47 题详解】
考查连词。句意：诚然，从前我和朋友们总爱抱怨待在偏僻地方有多无聊，然而，在我读完大三之际，我
确信只有离开小镇，我们才明白自己有多深爱这里、喜爱这里的点点滴滴。A. therefore 因此；B. however
然而；C. instead 相反；D. otherwise 否则。前后从前嫌弃无聊、如今心生喜爱，存在转折关系。
【48 题详解】
考查动词。句意：诚然，从前我和朋友们总爱抱怨待在偏僻地方有多无聊，然而，在我读完大三之际，我
确信只有离开小镇，我们才明白自己有多深爱这里、喜爱这里的点点滴滴。A. touring 游览；B. changing 改
变；C. leaving 离开；D. protecting 保护。根据前文“after I went to school in central Pennsylvania”可知，作
者离开家乡后才有全新看法，此处对应离开小镇才懂得珍惜。
【49 题详解】
考查动词。句意：这里生活节奏缓慢，人们十分看重彼此间的交往相处。A. value 重视；B. admit 承认；C.
fear 害怕；D. remember 记住。根据后文“You do more than just talk to your neighbors — in a lot of cases,
they’re truly an _____ of your family.”可知，邻里亲密如家人，能看出当地人珍视人际交往。
【50 题详解】
考查名词。句意：你不只是和邻居闲聊，多数时候邻居实实在在是自家家庭的延伸。A. advantage 优势；
B. example 榜样；C. honor 荣耀；D. extension 延伸。根据前文“people _____ connecting to each other. You
do more than just talk to your neighbors”可知，小镇邻里关系紧密，如同家庭的一部分延伸。
【51 题详解】
考查名词。句意：这种生活方式很大程度围绕户外活动、熟悉小镇大小事务展开。A. lifestyle 生活方式；
B. landscape 风景；C. procedure 流程；D. personality 性格。根据前文“The pace of life is slow”以及后文
“around being outside and knowing the ins and outs of the town”可知，慢节奏、邻里和睦都属于小镇独有的
生活方式。
【52 题详解】
考查名词。句意：活在当下、留心周遭环境是这种文化里很关键的一部分。A. findings 调研结果；B.
surroundings 周边环境；C. belongings 私人物品；D. greetings 问候。根据前文“Much of this _____ centers
around being outside and knowing the ins and outs of the town”可知，留意身边环境属于文化的一部分。
【53 题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：大学期间，我十分期待回到小小的家乡探望。A. give up 放弃；B. put off 推迟；C.
face up to 直面；D. look forward to 期待。根据后文“the visits to my little hometown”可知，作者内心感念
故乡，因此盼望回乡探望。
【54 题详解】
考查名词。句意：我感恩成长途中的种种经历，也明白无论下一场人生奔赴何方，我都可以信赖小镇故土
孕育的根基，它会指引我走向正确的道路。A. confidence 自信；B. reputation 名声；C. experience 经历；D.
opportunity 机遇。根据后文“ I had growing up”可知，全文记述从小到大在小镇的全部成长过往，对应成
长经历。
【55 题详解】
考查动词。句意：我感恩成长途中的种种经历，也明白无论下一场人生奔赴何方，我都可以信赖小镇故土
孕育的根基，它会指引我走向正确的道路。A. inspire 激励；B. trust 信任、依靠；C. remind 提醒；D.
challenge 挑战。根据后文“lead me in the right direction”可知，小镇塑造了自己的品性与处事准则，能够
依靠小镇故土孕育的根基走向正确的道路。
【2026 全国二卷】
I never thought I could be a writer. I didn’t come from a family connected to the ____41____ world, which I
perceived as a major ____42____. After my undergraduate degree, convinced that writing wasn’t for me,
I ____43____ to study teaching.
Then came an afternoon that ____44____ everything. I was teaching poetry, encouraging students to write
about their ____45____. And then, at the end of the lesson, one child asked me a question: “Have you always
wanted to be a ____46____, Miss?” I explained that when I was his age, I actually wanted to be a writer, but I
didn’t think I quite had what it ____47____. The boy replied with a ____48____ look, “Well, you are telling us to
live our dreams when you haven’t even done it yourself. Have you even ____49____?”
I was struck speechless — he was ____50____. Who was I to ____51____ them on bravery and risk when I
had never taken myself for my own ____52____ seriously?
On the basis of that ____53____, I applied to go back to university and study creative writing. There were
times when I found myself wondering if I should pack it all in, but the boy’s words kept ringing in my ears: I knew
I needed nothing else to succeed but a bit of ____54____ and hard work. I ____55____ to find a way out of my
shame and into a pattern of work that I loved.
41. A. medical
B. artistic
C. scientific
D. literary
42. A. subject
B. problem
C. event
D. breakthrough
43. A. stepped aside
B. got up
C. went off
D. turned back
44. A. changed
B. ruined
C. revealed
D. interrupted
45. A. hobbies
B. families
C. dreams
D. lessons
46. A. writer
B. teacher
C. reporter
D. publisher
47. A. kept
B. left
C. held
D. took
48. A. satisfied
B. guilty
C. grateful
D. disapproving
49. A. tried
B. noticed
C. asked
D. waited
50. A. rude
B. right
C. shy
D. silent
51. A. examine
B. congratulate
C. lecture
D. consult
52. A. values
B. imagination
C. inspiration
D. desires
53. A. cooperation
B. conversation
C. administration
D. explanation
54. A. self-belief
B. know-how
C. brainstorming
D. teamwork
55. A. remembered
B. agreed
C. managed
D. hesitated
【答案】41. D 42. B 43. C 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. D 48. D 49. A 50. B 51. C 52. D 53. B
54. A 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了作者原本自认没有写作天赋，放弃文学选择从教，后来一位学生的提问点醒了她，最
终重拾写作梦想、勇敢追梦的故事。
【41 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我并非出身于和文学领域相关的家庭，我认为这是主要的问题。A. medical 医学的；
B. artistic 艺术的；C. scientific 科学的；D. literary 文学的。根据上文“I never thought I could be a writer”可
知，此处对应文学领域，指作者出身于一个与文学界没有关联的家庭。
【42 题详解】
考查名词。句意：我并非出身于和文学领域相关的家庭，我认为这是主要的问题。A. subject 科目；B.
problem 问题、困境；C. event 事件；D. breakthrough 突破。根据上文“I didn’t come from a family connected
to the world”可知，作者觉得没有文学背景，对想当作家的自己来说是不利条件，是主要的问题。
【43 题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：本科毕业后，我认定写作不适合自己，于是转而学习师范专业。A. stepped aside 让
位；B. got up 起床；C. went off 转向、动身去做；D. turned back 返回。根据上文“convinced that writing
wasn’t for me”以及下文“study teaching”可推知，此处指放弃写作方向，选择学习师范专业。
【44 题详解】
考查动词。句意：后来有一个下午，彻底改变了一切。A. changed 改变；B. ruined 毁坏；C. revealed 揭示；
D. interrupted 打断。结合语境，以及最后一段“I applied to go back to university and study creative writing”
可知，下文学生的提问让作者的想法和人生选择发生了转变。
【45 题详解】
考查名词。句意：当时我正在讲授诗歌，鼓励学生写下自己的梦想。A. hobbies 爱好；B. families 家人；C.
dreams 梦想；D. lessons 课程。根据下文“Well, you are telling us to live our dreams when you haven’t even
done it yourself.”可知，此处指作者让学生写下自己的梦想。
【46 题详解】
考查名词。句意：孩子问道：“老师，你一直都想当一名老师吗？”A. writer 作家；B. teacher 教师；C.
reporter 记者；D. publisher 出版商。根据上文“I was teaching poetry”可知，作者的身份是老师，所以孩子
追问是否一直都想当老师。
【47 题详解】
考查动词。句意：我坦言年少时其实想当作家，但我觉得自己并不具备这份职业所需要的能力。A. kept 保
持；B. left 离开；C. held 握住；D. took 拿。根据上文“After my undergraduate degree, convinced that writing
wasn’t for me”可知，此处指作者觉得自己并不具备当作家的能力，固定搭配“what it takes”表示“做某
事或努力获得成功所需的必要素质、技能、能力或条件”。
【48 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：男孩带着不赞同的神情回道：“你一直教导我们要追逐梦想，可你自己却从未付诸行
动。你真的尝试过吗？”A. satisfied 满意的；B. guilty 愧疚的；C. grateful 感激的；D. disapproving 不赞同
的。根据下文“Well, you are telling us to live our dreams when you haven’t even done it yourself.”可知，此处
指男孩发现老师劝别人追梦，自己却不敢尝试，因此露出了不赞同的神情。
【49 题详解】
考查动词。句意：男孩带着不赞同的神情回道：“你一直教导我们要追逐梦想，可你自己却从未付诸行动。
你真的尝试过吗？”A. tried 尝试；B. noticed 注意；C. asked 询问；D. waited 等待。根据语境以及上文
“you haven’t even done it yourself”以及“Have you even”可推知，此处指男孩质问作者是否尝试过实现
写作梦想。
【50 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我一时语塞——他说得对。A. rude 粗鲁的；B. right 正确的；C. shy 害羞的；D. silent
沉默的。根据上文“you haven’t even done it yourself”以及“I was struck speechless”可推知，此处指作者
内心认可了男孩提出的观点。
【51 题详解】
考查动词。句意：我自己都从未认真看待过自己，也从未正视过心中的梦想，又有什么资格去告诫他们要
勇敢、敢于冒险呢？A. examine 检查；B. congratulate 祝贺；C. lecture 告诫、说教；D. consult 咨询。根据
上文“I was struck speechless — he was . ”以及下文“them on bravery and risk when I had never taken
myself for my own”可推知，此处指作者认为自己没有资格告诫学生们，lecture sb. on sth.意为“就某事告
诫/教训某人”。
【52 题详解】
考查名词。句意：我自己都从未认真看待过自己，也从未正视过心中的梦想，又有什么资格去告诫他们要
勇敢、敢于冒险呢？A. values 价值观；B. imagination 想象力；C. inspiration 灵感；D. desires 渴望、心愿。
根据上文“never taken myself for my own”可推知，此处指代作者当作家的梦想。
【53 题详解】
考查名词。句意：基于那次交谈，我申请重返大学学习创意写作。A. cooperation 合作；B. conversation 对
话、交谈；C. administration 管理；D. explanation 解释。结合语境，再根据上文“one child asked me a
question”可推知，此处指作者和小男孩的这次对话改变了她。
【54 题详解】
考查名词。句意：我也曾数次萌生放弃的念头，但男孩的话语始终在耳边回响：我明白，想要成功，我只
需拥有一点自信，并为之付出努力。A. self-belief 自信；B. know-how 专业技能；C. brainstorming 头脑风暴；
D. teamwork 团队合作。结合语境可推知，作者此前缺乏自信，认为未出生在文学世家，所以不敢追梦，
因此深知自信的重要性。
【55 题详解】
考查动词。句意：我设法走出内心的羞愧，投入到自己热爱的写作事业中。A. remembered 记得；B. agreed
同意；C. managed 设法做到；D. hesitated 犹豫。根据上文“I knew I needed nothing else to succeed but a bit
of and hard work.”以及下文“to find a way out of my shame and into a pattern of work that I loved”
可推知，此处指作者设法走出自己的自卑愧疚，投入到热爱的事业中。“manage to do sth.” 意为“设法
做成某事”。
【2026 浙江一月卷】
Ursula has always called the beautiful small town of Beaverton her home. Although she’d had childhood
____21____ of exploring the world and studied international business with a desire to pursue a ____22____ in
Toronto, finding a job proved more ____23____ than she’d expected.
“I decided that if nobody was going to ____24____ me, I would just create a job for myself,” says Ursula.
She was born and raised on a large family farm, so the ____25____ of an agriculture tourism business came
naturally to her and began to ____26____.
“I ____27____ the plan to my family, and asked if they could rent me a small 10 acres ( 英亩). They
____28____ at first, unwilling to take a risk, but I finally ____29____ to get the green light,” she says.
Four years later, those beautiful 10 acres of fields had turned into 20 acres filled with over 400,000
sunflowers. “____30____, I had little confidence in the beginning,” says Ursula, "but the Sunflower Farm rose to
fame and has become one of the most sought-after ____31____ in the province.”
While many visitors have never been to a farm at all, ____32____ a sunflower farm, the unique setting allows
them to ____33____ the city for a while, breathe in the fresh air, gain a newfound ____34____ for agriculture,
and maybe even ____35____ with their farming roots and what they may have taken for granted for too long.
21. A. stories
B. needs
C. habits
D. dreams
22. A. career
B. degree
C. hobby
D. project
23. A. practical
B. important
C. difficult
D. dangerous
24. A. invite
B. notice
C. hire
D. cover
25. A. issue
B. idea
C. truth
D. founder
26. A. gain ground
B. take root
C. work wonders
D. raise concerns
27. A. proposed
B. adapted
C. preferred
D. proved
28. A. apologized
B. refused
C. panicked
D. regretted
29. A. pretended
B. returned
C. promised
D. managed
30. A. Supposedly
B. Admittedly
C. Similarly
D. Consequently
31. A. occupations
B. solutions
C. institutions
D. destinations
32. A. let alone
B. except for
C. such as
D. regardless of
33. A. miss
B. leave
C. seize
D. tour
34. A. demand
B. support
C. appreciation
D. excuse
35. A. deal
B. part
C. compete
D. reconnect
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B
34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述厄休拉求职不顺后，结合农场成长背景萌生农业旅游创业想法，说服
家人后创办向日葵农场，农场成名成热门目的地，还让游客感受农场魅力、重拾农耕联结。
【21 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然她儿时就有环游世界的梦想，还学习了国际商务，渴望在多伦多开创一番
事业，但找工作的难度比她预想的要大得多。A. stories 故事；B. needs 需求；C. habits 习惯；D. dreams 梦
想。根据后文“exploring the world and studied international business with a desire”以及语境可知，环游世界
是她儿时的愿望。故选D 项。
【22 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然她儿时就有环游世界的梦想，还学习了国际商务，渴望在多伦多开创一番
事业，但找工作的难度比她预想的要大得多。A. career 事业；B. degree 学位；C. hobby 爱好；D. project 项
目。根据前文“studied international business”和后文“finding a job”以及语境可知，她学专业、找工作都
是为了开创职业发展。故选A 项。
【23 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然她儿时就有环游世界的梦想，还学习了国际商务，渴望在多伦多开创一
番事业，但找工作的难度比她预想的要大得多。A. practical 实际的；B. important 重要的；C. difficult 困难
的；D. dangerous 危险的。根据后文“I would just create a job for myself”中她决定自己创业的举动可知，
这里指找工作并不顺利。故选C 项。
【24 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：厄休拉说：“我决定，如果没人雇我，我就自己给自己创造一份工作。” A.
invite 邀请；B. notice 注意到；C. hire 雇佣；D. cover 覆盖。根据前文“ finding a job proved more
”和后文“create a job for myself”可知，她因没人雇佣才选择创业。故选C 项。
【25 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在一个大型家庭农场出生长大，所以创办农业旅游生意的想法自然而然地出
现在她脑海中，并开始生根发芽。A. issue 问题；B. idea 想法；C. truth 真相；D. founder 创始人。根据后文
“of an agriculture tourism business”并结合她的农场成长背景和创业的决定可知，创办农业旅游生意是她
产生的创业想法。故选B 项。
【26 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她在一个大型家庭农场出生长大，所以创办农业旅游生意的想法自然而然地出
现在她脑海中，并开始生根发芽。A. gain ground 发展；B. take root 生根发芽；C. work wonders 创造奇迹；
D. raise concerns 引发担忧。根据前文“came naturally to her and began to”以及语境可知，这里指创业想法
从产生到逐步推进，像种子一样生根发芽。故选B 项。
【27 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说：“我向家人提出了这个计划，问他们能不能租给我10 英亩小地块。”A.
proposed 提出；B. adapted 适应；C. preferred 偏爱；D. proved 证明。根据后文“asked if they could rent me a
small 10 acres”可知，这里指她先向家人提出了自己的创业计划。故选A 项。
【28 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他们一开始拒绝了，不愿冒险，但我最终还是设法得到了许可。”A.
apologized 道歉；B. refused 拒绝；C. panicked 惊慌；D. regretted 后悔。根据后文“unwilling to take a risk”
和“but I finally get the green light”的转折可知，家人最初是拒绝的。故选B 项。
【29 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他们一开始拒绝了，不愿冒险，但我最终还是设法得到了许可。”A.
pretended 假装；B. returned 返回；C. promised 承诺；D. managed 设法做到。根据前文“unwilling to take a
risk, but I finally”可知，这里指作者最终还是设法得到了许可，manage to do sth，是固定搭配，意为“设
法做成某事”，契合她最终获得家人同意的结果。故选D 项。
【30 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：厄休拉说：“诚然，一开始我没什么信心，但这片向日葵农场一举成名，成了
该省最受欢迎的目的地之一。” A. Supposedly 据称；B. Admittedly 诚然；C. Similarly 类似地；D.
Consequently 因此。根据后文“but the Sunflower Farm rose to fame”的转折可知，此处是她承认自己最初
的心态。故选B 项。
【31 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：厄休拉说：“诚然，一开始我没什么信心，但这片向日葵农场一举成名，成了
该省最受欢迎的目的地之一。”A. occupations 职业；B. solutions 解决办法；C. institutions 机构；D.
destinations 目的地。根据前文“the Sunflower Farm rose to fame”以及语境可知，这里指农场出名了，现在
是游客前往游玩的目的地。故选D 项。
【32 题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：虽然很多游客根本没去过农场，更不用说向日葵农场了，但这个独特的地方能
让他们暂时离开城市，呼吸新鲜空气，能对农业产生新的欣赏之情，甚至可能重新连接上自己的农耕根源，
以及那些被他们长久视作理所当然的东西。A. let alone 更不用说；B. except for 除了；C. such as 例如；D.
regardless of 不管。根据“never been to a farm at all”和“a sunflower farm”的递进关系可知，游客连普通
农场都没去过，更不用说向日葵农场。故选A 项。
【33 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然很多游客根本没去过农场，更不用说向日葵农场了，但这个独特的地方能
让他们暂时离开城市，呼吸新鲜空气，能对农业产生新的欣赏之情，甚至可能重新连接上自己的农耕根源，
以及那些被他们长久视作理所当然的东西。A. miss 想念；B. leave 离开；C. seize 抓住；D. tour 游览。根据
后文“the city for a while”以及语境可知，游客来到农场，就是暂时离开城市的生活。故选B 项。
【34 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然很多游客根本没去过农场，更不用说向日葵农场了，但这个独特的地方能
让他们暂时离开城市，呼吸新鲜空气，能对农业产生新的欣赏之情，甚至可能重新连接上自己的农耕根源，
以及那些被他们长久视作理所当然的东西。A. demand 需求；B. support 支持；C. appreciation 欣赏、感激；
D. excuse 借口。根据前文“breathe in the fresh air, gain a newfound ”以及语境可知，游客在农场体验后，
会对农业产生新的认识和欣赏。故选C 项。
【35 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然很多游客根本没去过农场，更不用说向日葵农场了，但这个独特的地方能
让他们暂时离开城市，呼吸新鲜空气，能对农业产生新的欣赏之情，甚至可能重新连接上自己的农耕根源，
以及那些被他们长久视作理所当然的东西。A. deal 处理；B. part 分开；C. compete 竞争；D. reconnect 重新
连接。根据后文“with their farming roots”以及语境可知，这里指游客可能重新连接上自己的农耕根源，
reconnect with 是固定搭配，意为“与……重新连接”，契合游客在农场体验中找回农耕根源的语境。故选
D 项。
【2025 全国一卷】
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight since my wedding.
My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy 41 the beloved home our family had
spent 23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the 42 we were moving to in town, donated
what we could, and rented a place to 43 our supposedly important objects. That left a house still 44
with things that, while not particularly 45 , didn’t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场).
I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional
46 , another asking for a price cut. As our 47 day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and
reposted it. The 48 : “I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house
and left happily with the vase.
49 , I posted more. My daily posts and the 50 I received became a precious ray of light
in the chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to 51 the landfill and to please another
person I might not otherwise have 52 .
I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the 53 that share our small space. I take 54
in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is 55 something that couldn’t come with us.
41. A. painting over
B. looking around
C. emptying out
D. pulling down
42. A. hotel
B. office
C. cottage
D. apartment
43. A. store
B. display
C. sell
D. repair
44. A. covered
B. decorated
C. stuffed
D. equipped
45. A. conventional
B. valuable
C. complicated
D. tolerable
46. A. fees
B. photos
C. receipts
D. models
47. A. move
B. pay
C. market
D. work
48. A. warning
B. request
C. description
D. reply
49. A. Confused
B. Interested
C. Disappointed
D. Encouraged
50. A. visits
B. reports
C. advice
D. money
51. A. remove
B. spare
C. find
D. check
52. A. investigated
B. recognized
C. encountered
D. recommended
53. A. giveaways
B. posts
C. contributions
D. belongings
54. A. joy
B. part
C. care
D. time
55. A. anticipating
B. appreciating
C. delivering
D. withdrawing
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. B 46. B 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在搬家过程中通过免费赠送旧物获得快乐的故事。
41. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和丈夫刚刚卖掉了我们的房子，我们正忙着清空我们一家人花了23 年时
间建造的心爱的房子。A. painting over 粉刷覆盖；B. looking around 环顾四周；C. emptying out 清空；
D. pulling down 拆除。根据上文“My husband and I had just sold our house”和下文“the beloved home
our family had spent 23 years filling up”可推知，此处指作者卖掉了房子，忙着清空房子里的多年来堆积的
东西。故选C。
42. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东
西，并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. hotel 酒店；B. office 办公室；C. cottage 小屋；
D. apartment 公寓。根据文章最后一段“I sit in my apartment today”可推知，此处指作者一家人搬到了
公寓。故选D。
43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西，
并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. store 储存；B. display 展示；C. sell 出售；D. repair
修理。根据上文“rented a place”以及下文“our supposedly important objects”可推知，此处指租地方是为
了存放重要物品。故选A。
44. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填
埋场的东西。A. covered 覆盖的；B. decorated 装饰的；C. stuffed 塞满的；D. equipped 配备的。根据上
文“rented a place to 43 our supposedly important objects”以及下文“with things”可推知，此处
指房子里仍塞满物品。故选C。
45. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填
埋场的东西。A. conventional 传统的；B. valuable 有价值的；C. complicated 复杂的；D. tolerable 可容
忍的。根据上文“while not particularly”以及下文“didn’t belong in a landfill”可推知，此处指虽不贵重但
不应丢弃的物品。故选B。
46. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有几条信息进来了，一条想要更多的照片，另一条请求降价。A. fees 费用；
B. photos 照片；C. receipts 收据；D. models 模型。根据上文“ I took a picture of the vase” 及
“additional”可推知，此处指有人索要更多照片。故选B。
47. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着搬家日的临近，我确定了一个新的价格（0 美元）并重新发布了它。
A. move 搬家；B. pay 支付；C. market 市场；D. work 工作。根据前文搬家背景及下文“day drew
near”可推知，此处指搬家日临近。故选A。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：描述：“我讨厌这个花瓶。也许你不会。”A. warning 警告；B. request 请
求；C. description 描述；D. reply 回复。根据上文“I took a picture of the vase and posted it online”以及
下文“I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.”可推知，此处指是重新发布的对花瓶的描述。故选C。
49. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：受到鼓励，我发布了更多。A. Confused 困惑的；B. Interested 感兴趣
的；C. Disappointed 失望的；D. Encouraged 受鼓励的。根据上文“In an instant, a woman raced into my
house and left happily with the vase.”以及作者后文持续发帖的行为，可推知，此处指作者受到鼓舞。故选
D。
50. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我每天收到的帖子和来我家里的拜访，在我混乱的房子里变成了一束珍贵
的光芒。A. visits 拜访；B. reports 报告；C. advice 建议；D. money 钱。根据上文“In an instant, a
woman raced into my house”以及“My daily posts”和后文的互动，可推知，此处指去作者家里拜访。故选
A。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本
可能不会遇到的人。A. remove 移除；B. spare 省得；免去；C. find 发现；D. check 检查。根据上文语
境以及下文“the landfill”可推知，此处指作者用免费赠送旧物来代替丢掉旧物垃圾填埋，此处spare 引申
为“免去”表示免得去垃圾填埋场丢东西。故选B。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本
可能不会遇到的人。A. investigated 调查；B. recognized 认出；C. encountered 遇见；D. recommended
推荐。根据上文“another person I might not otherwise”可推知，此处指免费赠送旧物让原本不会遇见的人
感到高兴。故选C。
53.考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天我坐在我的公寓里，爱着我们小空间里的每一件所有物。A. giveaways
赠品；B. posts 帖子；C. contributions 贡献；D. belongings 所有物。结合语境，再根据上文“I sit in my
apartment today”以及下文“share our small space”可推知，此处指现在拥有的物品。故选D。
54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，
我感到很快乐。A. joy 快乐；B. part 部分；C. care 关心；D. time 时间。结合语境，再根据上文“loving
each of the 43 that share our small space.”以及下文“in knowing that, somewhere nearby”可推知，此
处指作者免费赠送旧物，也从中获得了快乐。故选A。
55.
考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，我
感到很快乐。A. anticipating 期待；B. appreciating 欣赏；C. delivering 递送；D. withdrawing 撤回。根
据上文“I take 43 in knowing that, somewhere nearby”以及下文“something that couldn’t come with
us”可推知，此处指他人在欣赏这些作者带不走的，赠予的物品。故选B。
【2024 新课标I 卷】
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I’ve been motivated – and demotivated – by other folks’ achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 41 a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started
running 42 , but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was 43 for a
“super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run – 15 miles. To be
honest, I 44 it! Between the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I
decided that the only 46 I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I 47 cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I 48 of entering cycle races until I flew to
San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I 49 her bike and went for a ride. The 50
: The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such
51 . That day, I got 52 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home,
suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as 53 .
I’ve 54 a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever 55 I set for myself, they just have
to be my own.
41. A. knew
B. held
C. won
D. quit
42. A. regularly
B. silently
C. proudly
D. recently
43. A. asking B. looking
C. waiting
D. training
44. A. made
B. believed
C. hated D. deserved
45. A. advantage
B. achievement
C. contribution
D. influence
46. A. way
B. risk
C. place D. reason
47. A. gave up B. went on
C. turned to
D. dealt with
48. A. heard
B. dreamed
C. complained D. approved
49. A. painted B. borrowed
C. boughtD. parked
50. A. problemB. secret C. principle
D. advice
51. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges
52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired
D. stopped
53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar
D. appealing
54. A. traveledB. matured
C. missedD. worried
55. A. limits
B. dates C. goals D. tests
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。它详细叙述了作者在不同阶段对不同运动（跑步和骑自行车）的兴趣和经历，
并通过这些经历反映了作者的成长和心理变化。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew 知道；B. held
抓住；C. won 赢得；D. quit 退出。根据后文“Feeling motivated”可知，作者有了动力，所以此处应是一
个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C 项。
42.考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了动力，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。A. regularly 有规律地；
B. silently 默默地；C. proudly 自豪地；D. recently 最近。根据前文“Feeling motivated” 可知，作者有了
动力，所以应是定期跑步，符合语境。故选A 项。
43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练，指
的是52.4 英里的双马拉松。A. asking 要求；B. looking 看；C. waiting 等待；D. training 训练。根据后文
“referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon”可知，女孩要跑双马拉松，所以此处应是为之训练，符合语境。
故选D 项。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我讨厌它!A. made 制作；B. believed 相信；C. hated 讨厌；D.
deserved 值得。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“Between
the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles 和女
孩一比微不足道，所以是讨厌这个成绩。故选C 项。
45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再
跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我! A. advantage 优势；B. achievement 成就；C. contribution 贡献；
D. influence 影响。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“seem
small”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles，而女孩在为52.4 miles 做训练，所以应是作者的成就微不足道。故选
B 项。
46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再
跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A. way 方式；B. risk 风险；C. place 地方；D. reason 理由。根据
后文“I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，有一只大狗在追“我”，“我”才会
再跑步，这里说的是跑步的原因。故选D 项。
47.考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我开始骑自行车。A. gave up 放弃；B. went on 继续；C. turned to 转向；
D. dealt with 处理。根据前文“I decided that the only6I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after
me!”可知，作者决定放弃跑步，所以此处应是转向骑自行车。故选C 项。
48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A. heard 听到；
B. dreamed 梦想；C. complained 抱怨；D. approved 批准。根据后文“of entering cycle races”结合选项可
知，此处应是作者梦想着参加自行车比赛，符合语境。故选B 项。
49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天她上班的时候，我借了她的自行车去兜风。A. painted 把……描绘成；
B. borrowed 借；C. bought 买；D. parked 停(车)。根据前文“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister”以及后
文“went for a ride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去骑行的话，应是向妹妹借自行车。故选B 项。
50.考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是：那里的道路穿过很大的山谷，我一次要骑上坡好几英里。A.
problem 问题；B. secret 秘密；C. principle 原则；D. advice 建议。根据后文“I’d be riding uphill for miles
at a time. I’d never faced such 51 .”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说，是一个问题。故选A
项。
51.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。A. dangers 危险；B. events 事件；C.
opponents 对手；D. challenges 挑战。根据前文“The 50 : The roads there went through large valleys
where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说是一个挑战。故
选D 项。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：。那天，我被大约100 个习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过了。
A. passed 超过；B. convinced 说服；C. admired 欣赏；D. stopped 阻止。根据前文“I’d never faced such
51 .”可知，作者骑上坡好几英里是个挑战，所以是被很多人超过。故选A 项。
53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家，突然骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。A. reliable 可信赖的；
B. convenient 方便的；C. familiar 熟悉的；D. appealing 吸引人的。根据前文“That day, I got
52
by
about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads.”可知，作者那天骑行被100 多人超过，所以此时是
觉得骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。故选D 项。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled 旅行；B. matured (情感和认识)成熟；
C. missed 思念；D. worried 担心。根据后文“I’ve come to accept that whatever
55
I set for myself, they
just have to be my own.”可知，作者不再轻易放弃，所以是成熟了很多。故选B 项。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经开始接受这样一个事实：无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是
我自己的。A. limits 限制；B. dates 日期；C. goals 目标；D. tests 测试。根据后文“I set for myself, they
just have to be my own.”可知，此处应是“无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的”，符合
语境。故选C 项。
【2022 新课标I 卷】
My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a
baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 41
little
bunny (兔子) cakes for all its
42
throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight
kids for
43
help during our spring break, for which I had no 44 beyond listening to my favorite
records. I’d
45
minimum wage. I’d see how a factory
46
. My parents thought all of this was a grand
idea and called Betsy’s dad with their 47
.
Our
48
in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply
icing eyes and nose.
49
bunny from the belt. This was
50
than it sounds.
51
a bit and the
cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d 52
.
Dad
53
. The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood
54
food in Benardsville,
New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you
55
the dollars you earned and respect those who did
the work, he told me.
41. A. sold
B. ordered
C. made D. reserved
42. A. stores
B. families
C. schools
D. citizens
43. A. generous
B. financial
C. technical
D. temporary
44. A. plans
B. problems
C. excuses
D. hobbies
45. A. offer
B. earn
C. set
D. suggest
46. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived
47. A. ambition
B. permission C. experience D. invitation
48. A. joys
B. ideas C. roles
D. choices
49. A. Save
B. Keep C. Stop
D. Remove
50. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper
51. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on
D. Move on
52. A. indicated
B. witnessed
C. expected
D. remembered
53. A. cried
B. smiled C. hesitated
D. refused
54. A. tasting B. finding
C. sharing
D. delivering
55. A. withdraw
B. donate C. receive
D. appreciate
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在一次春假时，作者去工厂打工赚钱，感触颇多。父亲认为这种工
作不仅能让孩子感谢得到的报酬，而且能够学会尊重那些从事这项工作的人。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy 的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包
店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。A. sold 销售；B. ordered 命令；C. made 制作；D. reserved 预定。
根据下文“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing ( 糖霜)
ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知，这家面包店是制作兔子蛋糕的。故选
C。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy 的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包
店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。A. stores 商店；B. families 家庭；C. schools 学校；D. citizens 市民。
根据下文“throughout Cleveland”以及常识可知，此处表示这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕
故选A。
43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，这段时间我除了听我最
喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. generous 慷慨的；B. financial 金融的；C. technical 技术的；D. temporary
暂时的。根据下文“during our spring break”可知，这是一份临时性的工作。故选D。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，这段时间我除了听我最喜
欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. plans 计划；B. problems 问题；C. excuses 借口；D. hobbies 爱好。根据下文
“beyond listening to my favorite records”可知，此处表示作者没有其他计划。故选A。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会挣最低工资。A. offer 提供；B. earn 挣得；C. set 放置；D. suggest 建议。
根据下文“minimum wage”可知，作者会挣最低工资。故选B。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会看到工厂是如何运作的。A. worked 运作；B. closed 关闭；C. developed
发展；D. survived 幸存。根据上文“I’d see how a factory”可知，此处表示作者可以看到工厂是如何运作
的。故选A。
47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母认为这一切都是一个伟大的主意，并打电话给Betsy 的父亲，得到
了他们的允许。A. ambition 抱负；B. permission 允许；C. experience 经历；D. invitation 邀请。根据上文
“My parents thought all of this was a grand idea”可知，作者的父母认为这个主意很好，所以他们打电话
给Betsy 的父亲，得到了他们的允许。故选B。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。A. joys 欢乐；B.
ideas 观点；C. roles 任务；D. choices 选择。根据下文“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing ears.
Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知，此处表示作者在工厂的任务。故选C。
49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：把兔子蛋糕从传送带上拿下来。A. Save 节省；B. Keep 保持；C. Stop 停止；
D. Remove 移动。根据下文“bunny from the belt.”可知，此处表示把兔子蛋糕从传送带上拿下来。故选
D。
50.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这比听起来难多了。A. harder 更难的；B. better 更好的；C. longer 更长
的；D. cheaper 更便宜的。根据下文“
51
a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知，这项工作比听起来更难。
故选A。
51.考查动词短语辨析。句意：慢一点，蛋糕就堆起来了。A. Calm down 平静下来；B. Slow down 慢一点；
C. Stay on 继续停留；D. Move on 往前走。根据下文“and the cakes pile up”以及常识可知，速度慢一点，
传送带上的蛋糕就会堆积起来。故选B。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如我在第一晚的晚餐时告诉父母的那样，压力比我预想的要大一点。A.
indicated 表明；B. witnessed 目击；C. expected 预料；D. remembered 记得。根据上文“This was 50
than it sounds. 51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知，工作的实际情况比作者预料的压力更大。故选
C。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲笑了。A. cried 哭；B. smiled 微笑；C. hesitated 犹豫；D. refused 拒绝。
根据下文“This was the sort of work that made you 55 the dollars you earned and respect those who
did the work, he told me.”可知，作者的父亲看到作者在挣钱的经历中有所感悟和收获，父亲笑了。故选
B。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送食物。A.
tasting 品尝；B. finding 找到；C. sharing 分享；D. delivering 递送。根据上文“The son of a grocer”可知，
作为一个杂货商的儿子，作者的父亲夏天会去送食物。故选D。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，这种工作能让你感激得到的报酬，并尊重那些从事这项工作的人。
A. withdraw 撤退；B. donate 捐赠；C. receive 收到；D. appreciate 感激。根据下文“the dollars you
earned”以及常识可知，此处表示感激自己劳动所得的报酬。故选D。
考点2 记叙文之人与社会
【2025 全国二卷】
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 41 seven years ago after having a
42 call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 43 led her to getting
surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a 44 . Determined to turn her life
around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 45 lifestyle, before discovering a 46 for
weightlifting.
Since setting out on the journey, the 47 lover has not only managed to 48 an impressive
set of muscles — but also a huge following on social media.
The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 49 others can’t look
this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects.
“Hold on: Consider failure as a 50 to success and never give up. Stick to your plan,” she said. “
51 others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when 52 .” She previously explained
that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise... the 53 is to feel good, not look good.”
Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the 54 wrong
in the best possible way and has indeed become an 55 or many social media users.
41. A. write
B. travel
C. exercise
D. recover
42. A. goodwill
B. timeout
C. long-distance
D. wake-up
43. A. normally
B. ultimately
C. suddenly
D. automatically
44. A. change
B. fortune
C. wish
D. deal
45. A. risky
B. traditional
C. comfortable
D. healthy
46. A. demand
B. secret
C. passion
D. cure
47. A. peace
B. fitness
C. fun
D. nature
48. A. grow
B. control
C. activate
D. relax
49. A. need
B. choice
C. reason
D. difference
50. A. green light
B. road block
C. passing mark
D. stepping stone
51. A. Help
B. Consult
C. Follow
D. Forgive
52. A. accepted
B. shared
C. expected
D. celebrated
53. A. goal
B. case
C. duty
D. cost
54. A. instructors
B. admirers
C. beginners
D. doubters
55. A. authority
B. excuse
C. inspiration
D. option
【答案】41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. D 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位65 岁的老奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，
消除网络质疑的故事。
41..考查动词词义辨析。句意：七年前，在接到一个警醒电话后，她才开始锻炼身体。A. write 写作；B.
travel 旅行；C. exercise 锻炼；D. recover 康复。根据下文的“Determined to turn her life around, Ms
Donohue began to work out...”可知，此处指老奶奶开始锻炼身体。故选C。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：七年前，在接到一个警醒电话后，她才开始锻炼身体。A. goodwill 善意、友
好；B. timeout 超时；C. long-distance 长途；D. wake-up 唤醒。结合语境，再根据后文“She’d been
struggling with eating disorders and health issues”可推知，此处指这是一次“警醒”老奶奶的经历。故选
D。
43.考查副词词义辨析。句意：她一直在与饮食失调和健康问题作斗争，最终导致她接受了手术。A.
normally 通常；B. ultimately 最终；C. suddenly 突然；D. automatically 自动地。根据上文“She’d been
struggling with eating disorders and health issues”以及下文“led her to getting surgery”可推知，此处指健
康问题最终导致手术。故选B。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那次经历之后，她知道她需要做出改变。A. change 改变；B. fortune 幸运；
C. wish 愿望；D. deal 交易。根据上文“led her to getting surgery”及后文“turn her life around”可推知，
此处指她经历过手术后领悟到了自己需要改变。故选A。
45.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Donohue 女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体并遵循健康的生活方式，之后
她发现了对举重的热爱。A. risky 有风险的；B. traditional 传统的；C. comfortable 舒适的；D. healthy 健
康的。根据上文“Ms Donohue began to work out”可推知，此处指她选择健康的生活方式。故选D。
46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue 女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体并遵循健康的生活方式，之后她
发现了对举重的热爱。A. demand 要求；B. secret 秘密；C. passion 激情，热情；D. cure 疗法、药物。根
据上文“ Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a
4 5
lifestyle” 以及下文的“ for
weightlifting”可推知，此处指她积极锻炼身体，对举重产生了热情，a passion for sth.意为“对某事充满热
情”。故选C。
47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还在
社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. peace 和平；B. fitness 健身；C. fun 乐趣；D. nature 自然。根据下文
“workout content”可推知，此处指她是健身爱好者。故选B。
48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还在
社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. grow 形成，产生；B. control 控制；C. activate 激活；D. relax 放松。
根据下文“an impressive set of muscles”可推知，此处指她练出肌肉，即产生肌肉。故选A。
49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容，并解释说其他人没理由不能看起来
这么好。A. need 需要；B. choice 选择；C. reason 理由；D. difference 差异。根据上文“no”以及下文
“others can’t look this good”可推知，此处指她认为自己可以做到，没有理由别人不能做到。故选C。
50.考查名词短语辨析。句意：坚持下去：把失败当作通往成功的垫脚石，永不放弃。A. green light 绿灯；
B. road block 路障；C. passing mark 通过标志；D. stepping stone 踏脚石。结合语境，再根据上文“The
well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no
4 9
others can’t look
this good.”和“failure as a”以及下文“to success”可推知，此处指失败是成功的垫脚石。故选D。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：帮助他人：在你的旅程中激励他人。A. Help 帮助；B. Consult 咨询；C.
Follow 遵循；D. Forgive 原谅。根据下文“Lift others up”可推知，此处指她提倡帮助他人。故选A。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：分享成功更甜蜜。A. accepted 接受；B. shared 共享；C. expected 期待；D.
celebrated 庆祝。根据上文“The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no
49 others can’t look this good.”可知，这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容，并解释说其他人没理
由不能看起来这么好，由此可知，此处指的是成功在分享时更甜蜜。故选B。
53.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她此前曾解释道：“你无需拥有完美身材才能锻炼……锻炼的目标是让自己
感觉良好，而非看起来好看。”A. goal 目标；B. case 案例；C. duty 责任；D. cost 成本。根据上文“you
do not need to have an amazing body to exercise”以及下文“is to feel good, not look good.”可推知，此处指
运动的目标是感觉良好。故选A。
54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue 女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证明
了怀疑者的错误，确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。A. instructors 讲师；B. admirers 管理员；C.
beginners 初学者；D. doubters 持怀疑态度的人。根据上文“Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being
too old to work out, but she has proved the”以及下文“wrong in the best possible way”可推知，此处指
Donohue 女士用自己的方式证明怀疑者错了。故选D。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue 女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证明
了怀疑者的错误，确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。A. authority 权威；B. excuse 借口；C.
inspiration 灵感；D. option 选项。根据语境以及下文“or many social media users”可知，一位65 岁的老
奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，这对其他人来说就是励志的典范，由此可知，此处指她成为许
多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。故选C。
【2025 浙江1 月卷】
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s
41
. A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher
decided it was time to put her
4 2
to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and
now welcomes
4 3
into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties.
Ribeiro
4 4
€35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three
hours. For Ribeiro, it has become a perfect platform for
4 5
her hobby of buying food,
4 6
new recipes and holding dinner parties.
“It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to
4 7
new people,” said Ribeiro.
Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes
4 8
her native home; other times she
4 9
dinner courses with her favorite beers.
The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as
50
to
a restaurant where the service is
5 1
, the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to
be no
52
.
“But it’s also a great
53
, for it can sometimes take days to
54
a single event,” Ribeiro
said. “This platform is not only
55
for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover
new experiences.”
41. A. reading B. traveling C. cooking
D. teaching
42. A. hobby B. energy
C. education D. money
43. A. coworkers B. students C. relatives D. strangers
44. A. pays B. charges C. owes
D. raises
45. A. pursuing B. choosing
C. discussing D. changing
46. A. passing on B. trying out C. going over D. taking down
47. A. hire B. help
C. meet
D. train
48. A. in addition to B. in return for C. in honor of D. in line with
49. A. replaces
B. tastes C. orders D. pairs
50. A. opposed B. related C. subject D. vital
51. A. invaluable
B. impersonal C. unsuitable D. unprofessional
52. A. surprise
B. end
C. need
D. problem
53. A. lesson
B. pleasure C. success D. challenge
54. A. celebrate
B. record C. attend D. organise
55. A. selected
B. reserved C. evaluated D. requested
【导读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位巴西裔老师利用社交平台，将其烹饪爱好变成一种新型社交
模式的故事。
【解析】
41. C。根据下文的a three-course meal、her hobby of buying food、new recipes、share my passion for
food 等信息可知，首句中提到的healthy addiction 指的是烹饪（cooking）。
42. A。根据第二段的关键词hobby of buying food、recipes and holding dinner parties 可知，这位30 岁
的女教师决定好好利用她的业余爱好（hobby）。
43. D。根据第三段的It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to ... new people 可推知，每
周到Ribeiro 家里参加宴会的人都是不认识的人，故strangers 符合语境。
44. B。Bookalokal 是一个可以预订由当地居民主办的私人餐宴的网络平台，且根据第一段的twicea week
for dinner parties、本段中的buying food 和第三段中的new people 可知，Ribeiro 每周要为这些新人购
买食材、做饭、举办宴会，这些都是需要耗费时间、精力、金钱的，所以Ribeiro 会向这些来用餐的人收
费（charges）。
45. A。下文提到的buying food、holding dinner parties 都是Ribeiro 追求（pursuing）自己烹饪爱好的体
现。
46. B。根据下文的Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes ... other times she ... dinner courses
with her favorite beers. 以及... realise her dream with a great deal of freedom、discover new experiences 等
信息可推断，Ribeiro 烹饪时有很大的自由发挥空间，她会试做（trying out）新的食谱。
47. C。根据第一段的She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes ... into her Brussels flat
twice a week for dinner parties. 可知，Ribeiro 通过在网站注册，可以在家举办宴会活动，结识（meet）新
人。
48. C。根据空白处前后的she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes 和her native home 的语境可推知，
Ribeiro 做传统巴西菜肴是为了纪念（in honor of）自己的家乡。
49. D。根据she ... dinner courseswith ...beers 结构可知，她是给晚餐配（pairs）上佳酿，而非用酒替代晚
餐的菜肴。
50. A。根据空白处前的The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom
可知，Ribeiro 烹饪时有很大的自由发挥空间，再联系下文介绍的餐馆的情况可推知，此处是说Ribeiro 在
家准备宴席不同于（opposed）餐馆。
51. B。空白处是在描述餐馆服务的特点，上文说Ribeiro 在家准备宴席时可以自由发挥，相比之下，餐馆
服务则显得缺乏人情味儿（impersonal）。
52. A。根据上文的the menu is known in advance 可推知，餐馆的菜品没有新意，surprise 符合语境。
53. D。第三段和第四段都在说Ribeiro 在家举办宴会活动的好的一面，根据空白处前的But 可知，本句语
意有转折，再根据后面介绍的原因for it can sometimes take days to ... a single event 可知，有时要花数天时
间，可见此事也是一项挑战（challenge）。
54. D。根据上文的it can sometimes take days 和下文的a single event 可推知，这里是说Ribeiro 在家筹备
（organise）宴会活动有时候要花数天时间。
55. B。根据本句中的not only... for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.
可知，这个平台也适用于那些乐意发现新体验的人，并非只为了专业厨师保留，reserved 符合语境。
【2024 新课标II 卷】
When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but
when it came to picking my favorite spot to
41
, Italy was the clear winner.
During my first visit to Italy, I
42
to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to
43
a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and
44
my language skills. That
encouragement helped me to get through the language
45
. After I made Italy my permanent home, I
discovered how
46
Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to
47
me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small
48
of kindness that make a
new country feel like home.
As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my
49
quite like Italy.
Each town has its own traditional
50
, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to
another. Families
51
for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can
52
.
These meals are always
53
by laughter and joy. Whatever
54
life in Italy might have, the problems
are
55
once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family.
41. A. study
B. rent
C. visit
D. settle
42. A. planned
B. struggled
C. refused
D. happened
43. A. string
B. hang
C. mix
D. match
44. A. improved
B. assessed
C. admired
D. praised
45. A. course
B. barrier
C. area
D. test
46. A. open-minded
B. strong-willed
C. warm-hearted
D. well-informed
47. A. remind
B. allow
C. persuade
D. order
48. A. tricks
B. promises
C. acts
D. duties
49. A. ambition
B. success
C. appetite
D. growth
50. A. costume
B. dish
C. symbol
D. tale
51. A. gather
B. cheer
C. leave
D. wait
52. A. put up with
B. stand up for
C. come up with
D. make up for
53. A. signaled
B. confirmed
C. represented
D. accompanied
54. A. disadvantages
B. meanings
C. surprises
D. opportunities
55. A. created
B. forgotten
C. understood
D. identified
【答案】41. D 44. B 45. A 44. D 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. C 49. C 50. B 51. A 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者十年前选择在意大利定居的原因以及意大利的风土人情。
41.考查名词词义辨析，句意：我喜欢在法国旅行，但当谈到选择我最喜欢的定居地点时，意大利显然是赢
家。A. study 学习；B. rent 租金；C. visit 游览；D. settle 定居。根据下文“ After I made Italy my
permanent home”以及“make a new country feel like home”可推知，此处指作者最喜欢的定居地点。故选
D。
42.考查动词词义辨析，句意：在我第一次访问意大利时，我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。A. planned 计划；B.
struggled 斗争、吃力地进行；C. refused 拒绝；D. happened 出现、发生。根据上文“During my first visit
to Italy”可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难沟通交流。故选B。
43.考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。
A. string 串起、连成一串；B. hang 悬挂；C. mix 混合；D. match 配对。根据下文“a sentence of Italian
together”可推知，此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。
44.考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。
A. improved 改进；B. assessed 评估；C. admired 钦佩；D. praised 赞扬。根据上文“the locals smiled at
me”以及下文“That encouragement”可推知，此处指作者尝试说意大利语，当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。
故选D。
45.考查名词词义辨析，句意：这种鼓励帮助我克服了语言障碍。A.course 课程；B. barrier 障碍；C. area
区域；D. test 测试。根据上文“the locals smiled at me and praised my language skills. That encouragement
helped me”可推知，此处指当地人对作者的鼓励帮助他克服了语言障碍。故选B。
46.考查形容词词义辨析，句意：当我把意大利作为永久的家后，我发现了意大利人是多么的热情。A.
open-minded 思想开明的；B. strong-willed 思想坚定的；C. warm-hearted 热心的；D. well-informed 见多
识广的。根据下文邻居的热心行为“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my
door”和“close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居是热情的。故选C。
47.考查动词词义辨析，句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车
窗。A. remind 提醒；B. allow 允许；C. persuade 说服；D. order 命令。根据上文“I discovered how
warm-hearted Italians are”以及下文“will come to my door”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作
者家门前提醒他关上车窗。故选A。
48.考查名词词义辨析，句意：正是这些小小的善举让一个新国家有家的感觉。A. tricks 技巧；B. promises
承诺；C. acts 行为；D. duties 职责。根据上文“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come
to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居们的善举。
故选C。
49.考查名词词义辨析，句意：作为一个美食家，通往我内心的路是通过我的胃，没有什么地方能像意大利
那样刺激我的食欲。A. ambition 雄心；B. success 成功；C. appetite 食欲；D. growth 发育。根据上文“As
a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach”可推知，此处指做这是一个美食家，所以应该是刺激
食欲。故选C。
50.考查名词词义辨析，句意：每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴，每个家庭都保存着代代相传的食谱。A.
costume 服装；B. dish 菜肴；C. symbol 符号；D. tale 故事。根据上文“fuels my appetite”以及下文
“every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another”可推知，此处指意大利各地都有传统
菜肴。故选B。
51.考查动词词义辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A.
gather 集合；B. cheer 欢呼；C. leave 留下；D. wait 等待。根据上文“Families”以及下文“with friends
and family”可推知，此处指一家人聚集在一起吃饭。故选A。
52.考查动词短语辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A.
put up with 克服；B. stand up for 支持；C. come up with 想出；D. make up for 弥补。根据上文
“whatever other excuses they can”可推知，此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出的理由。故选C。
53.考查动词词义辨析，句意：这些饭菜总是伴随着笑声和喜悦。A. signaled 示意；B. confirmed 确认；C.
represented 代表；D. accompanied 伴随。根据下文“by laughter and joy”可推知，此处指家人们在一起用
餐时伴随着欢声笑语。固定搭配“accompany by”译为“伴随”。故选D。
54.考查名词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些
问题就会被遗忘。A. disadvantages 缺点；B. meanings 含义；C. surprises 惊喜；D. opportunities 机会。根
据上文“Whatever”以及下文“the problems”可推知，此处指在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处。故选
A。
55.考查动词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些
问题就会被遗忘。A. created 创建；B. forgotten 忘记；C. understood 理解；D. identified 确认。根据上文
“Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems”以及下文“once you sit down to a big meal
with friends and family”可推知，此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处，跟家人们吃一顿饭就会
忘记不愉快。故选B。
【2024 浙江1 月卷】
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the
kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful 41 with a local that all travelers long for. A
young Chinese man 42 me on the train. My 43 friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the
44 to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had 45 a two-year professional school to quickly find
a job 46 highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most 47 , however, was the fact that
this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would 48 a
translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 49 as a whole. ”And what
do you all learn about Russian authors?” I 50 him asking at one point.
It would have been easy to 51 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more
than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 52 , and admirable person prevented me doing
so. In the course of a couple of hours, he 53 me just how much one can gain from 54 with an open
mind, and a willingness to 55 with locals from all walks of life.
41. A. experiment
B. encounter
C. competitionD. appointment
42. A. treated B. saved C. lectured
D. approached
43. A. true
B. so-called
C. new
D. long-lost
44. A. chance B. advice C. troubleD. right
45. A. visited B. financed
C. attended
D. founded
46. A. building
B. sweeping
C. checking
D. guarding
47. A. typical B. obvious
C. naturalD. remarkable
48. A. publish B. quote C. copy
D. download
49. A. writers B. historians
C. workers
D. students
50. A. anticipate
B. imagine
C. recall D. catch
51. A. look into
B. rely onC. go over
D. deal with
52. A. well-behaved
B. multi-skilled
C. warm-hearted
D. self-educated
53. A. asked
B. warned
C. showed
D. promised
54. A. traveling
B. reading
C. searching
D. teaching
55. A. cooperate
B. side
C. negotiate
D. engage
【答案】41. B42. D43. C44. A45. C46. A47. D48. B49. A50. C51. B52. D53. C54. A55. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子，在交谈中发现，
年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人。
41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了20 个小时的火车时，其间我与
一个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的，最重要的是，美妙的邂逅，这是所有旅行者都渴望的。A.
experiment 实验；B. encounter 邂逅；C. competition 比赛；D. appointment 任命。根据后文“with a local
that all travelers long for”指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。
42.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated 对待；B. saved 拯救；
C. lectured 演讲；D. approached 靠近。根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中
国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。
43，考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中
文。A. true 真的；B. so-called 所谓的；C. new 新的；D. long-lost 很久不见的。根据上文“A young
Chinese man”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。故选C。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。
A. chance 机会；B. advice 建议；C. trouble 麻烦；D. right 权利。根据后文“to practice my Chinese”可知，
作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便
迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. visited 拜访；B. financed 提供资金；C.
attended 参加，上(学)；D. founded 成立。根据后文“a two-year professional school”可知，指这个年轻人
去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便
迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building 修建；B. sweeping 打扫；C.
checking 检查；D. guarding 守卫。根据后文“highways in order to help support his family”可知，年轻人
修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。
47.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时
学习。A. typical 典型的；B. obvious 显然的；C. natural 自然的；D. remarkable 引人注目的。根据后文
“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动
之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。
48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的
整体影响。A. publish 出版；B. quote 引用；C. copy 复制；D. download 下载。根据后文“a translated
Emerson passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。
49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译过的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学
的整体影响。A. writers 作者；B. historians 历史学家；C. workers 工人；D. students 学生。根据上文“a
translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American”以及后文“And what do
you all learn about Russian authors?(你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？)”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作
家感兴趣。故选A。
50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。A. anticipate 预期；
B. imagine 想象；C. recall 记起；D. catch 抓住。根据后文“him asking at one point”可知，作者在回忆年
轻人提过的问题。故选C。
51.考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A.
look into 调查；B. rely on 依靠；C. go over 复习；D. deal with 处理。根据后文“my assumptions about
this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年轻人从来没
有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。
52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。A. well-
behaved 行为端正的；B. multi-skilled 多技能的；C. warm-hearted 热心的；D. self-educated 自学的。呼应
上文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之
后花几个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各
行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. asked 询问；B. warned 警告；C. showed 展示；D.
promised 承诺。根据后文“me just how much one can gain from”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人
可以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获。故选C。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各
行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. traveling 旅行；B. reading 阅读；C. searching 搜索；D.
teaching 教学。根据后文“with an open mind, and a willingness to”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指
带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各
行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. cooperate 合作；B. side 边；C. negotiate 协商；D. engage
参与。根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with
表示“与……接触”。故选D。
【2024 九省联考卷】
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down. My phone was 41 ,
too. I managed to get to a gas station, but it was Sunday in the early fall, and there was no 42 n duty. I was
working my way through university then and had little money for 43 the car.
I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to 44 the heat when an older gentleman 45 to
fuel his car. He asked about my car, and I 46 my predicament (困境). To my 47 , the gentleman
told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and 48 a tool set.
Right then and there, this total 49 examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs
(火花塞) hadn't been changed for so long that they were 50 to function. After about an hour, he 51
that my car was safe to finish the trip.
52 came at the hands of a stranger. 53 his clothes, working on a hot September afternoon, this
man 54 a college student from disaster, just because she could have been his 55 .
41. A. busy
B. loud
C. dead
D. secure
42. A. mechanic
B. policeman C. manager
D. guide
43. A. washing
B. parking
C. purchasing D. maintaining
44. A. feel
B. beat
C. absorb D. produce
45. A. promised
B. refused
C. stopped
D. volunteered
46. A. solved B. noticed
C. escaped
D. explained
47. A. surprise B. regret C. amusement D. disappointment
48. A. called up
B. pulled out
C. put down
D. threw away
49. A. liarB. beginner
C. stranger
D. loser
50. A. free
B. ready C. uncertain
D. unable
51. A. pronounced B. agreed C. discovered D. doubted
52. A. Tiredness
B. Kindness
C. Loneliness D. Carefulness
53. A. Folding B. Drying
C. Soiling
D. Mending
54. A. saved
B. called C. judgedD. banned
55. A. friend
B. daughter
C. coworker
D. customer
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的车在半路坏了，正巧赶上周日，在加油站并没有找到修
车的人。这时恰巧有一位年长的绅士来加油。了解到作者遇到的困难后，他主动帮助作者修了车。作者对
此非常的感谢。
41.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的手机也没电了。A. busy 忙的；B. loud 大声的；C. dead（因无电力）
不工作的；D. secure 可靠的。根据上文“I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my
car broke down.”以及句中的too 可知，作者的车坏了，手机也因为没电而关机了。故选C。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我设法去了一个加油站，但那是初秋的周日，没有机修工值班。A.
mechanic 机修工；B. policeman 警察；C. manager 经理；D. guide 指导。根据上文“but it was Sunday in
the early fall”可知，作者的车坏了，所以她应该去找修车的。但是因为是周日，所以加油站的机修工都没
上班。故选A。
43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时我正努力读完大学，几乎没有钱保养这辆车。A. washing 清洗；B.
parking 停车；C. purchasing 购买；D. maintaining 保养。根据空前“I was working my way through
university then and had little money”可知，作者当时正在在读大学，没有什么钱，所以几乎是不保养车的。
故选D。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在车旁坐了几个小时试图避暑，这时一位年长的绅士停下来给他的车加油。
A. feel 感觉；B. beat 击败；C. absorb 吸收；D. produce 生产。根据下文“working on a hot September
afternoon”可知，事情发生在一个炎热的夏天，作者坐在车边试图保持凉爽。beat the heat“消暑，在炎热
的天气中保持凉爽”。故选B。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在车旁坐了几个小时试图避暑，这时一位年长的绅士停下来给他的车加油。
A. promised 答应了；B. refused 拒绝；C. stopped 停止；D. volunteered 自愿的。根据上文“I managed to
get to a gas station”可知，作者是在加油站，所以有一辆车停下来加油。故选C。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他问起我的车，我解释了我的困境。A. solved 解决；B. noticed 注意到；C.
escaped 逃脱。D. explained 解释。根据上文“He asked about my car”可知，这位绅士询问作者的车出了
什么问题，然后作者向他解释了他的困境。故选D。
47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这位先生告诉我，他有一个和我同龄的女儿，然后他打开行
李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. surprise 惊喜；B. regret 遗憾；C. amusement 可笑；D. disappointment 失望。
根据下文“ the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and
___48___ a tool set”可知，这位年长的绅士听到作者的困难后，告诉作者他也有一个女儿，而且从车里拿
出一套工具。这让作为陌生人的作者感到非常的惊讶。故选A。
48.考查动词短语辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这位先生告诉我，他有一个和我同龄的女儿，然后他打开行
李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. called up 打电话给；B. pulled out 取出；C. put down 放下；D. threw away 扔
掉了。根据空后“a tool set”以及下文“Right then and there, this total ___49___ examined my engine,
explaining as he worked that my spark plugs ( 火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long that they were
__50___ to function.”可知，这位绅士从他的车里拿出一套工具，帮作者修起了车。故选B。
49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，这个完全陌生的人检查了我的发动机，一边工作一边解释说，我
的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，以至于无法工作。A. liar 骗子；B. beginner 初学者；C. stranger 陌生人；
D. loser 失败者。根据上文“I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to ___44___ the heat when an
older gentleman ___45___ to fuel his car”以及全文语境可知，这个绅士对于作者来说完全是个陌生人。故
选C。
50.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，这个完全陌生的人检查了我的发动机，一边工作一边解释说，
我的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，以至于无法工作。A. free 免费的；B. ready 准备好的；C. uncertain 不
确定；D. unable 不能的。根据上文“as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for
so long ”可知，由于车辆的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，所以导致它不能正常工作。故选D。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一个小时后，他宣布我的车可以安全地完成旅程。A. pronounced 宣布；
B. agreed 同意；C. discovered 发现；D. doubted 怀疑。根据空后“that my car was safe to finish the trip”
可知，经过一个小时的修理后，那个绅士宣布说车可以安全地完成旅程。故选A。
52.考查名词词义辨析。句意：善良来自一个陌生人。A. Tiredness 疲劳；B. Kindness 善良；C. Loneliness
孤独；D. Carefulness 细心。根据全文语境可知，一位陌生人帮助了他，所以此处指善意来自一个陌生人。
故选B。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个
大学生，只因为她可能和他的女儿同龄。A. Folding 折叠；B. Drying 干燥；C. Soiling 弄脏。D. Mending
修补。根据上文“After about an hour, he ___51___ that my car was safe to finish the trip”可知，那位绅士
给作者修了一个小时的车。此处指修车时弄脏了自己的衣服。故选C。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个
大学生，只因为她可能和他的女儿同龄。A. saved 救了；B. called 打电话；C. judged 判断；D. banned 禁
止。根据上文“Right then and there, this total ___49___ examined my engine, explaining as he worked that
my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long that they were___50___ to function.”可知，这个陌
生人给作者修了车，所以作者觉得他就像是从灾难中是救了她。故选A。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个
大学生，只因为她可能是他的女儿同龄。A. friend 朋友。B. daughter 女儿；C. coworker 同事；D.
customer 顾客。根据上文“the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age”可知，作者觉那位绅士帮
助作者是因为他有一个和她同龄的女儿。此处指作者就像那位男士的女儿。故选B。
【2023 新课标I 卷】
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have
4 1
the course earlier than she did. Her 4
2
came because she was carrying a 4
3
across the
finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44 when a
runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 45 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took
her arm to see if she could walk forward with 46 . She couldn’t. Bailey then 47 to let Lenoue
climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 500 feet to where Lenoue could get
48 attention.
Once there, Lenoue was 49 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious
injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 50 to make it to that aid checkpoint
without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more 51 about why her act is considered a big 5
2
. “She was just
crying. I couldn’t 5
3
her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the 54 , they’ve since become friends. Neither
won the race, but the 55 of human kindness won the day.
41. A. designed
B. followed
C. changed
D. finished
42. A. delay
B. chance
C. trouble
D. excuse
43. A. judge
B. volunteer
C. classmate
D. competitor
44. A. race
B. school
C. town
D. training
45. A. agreed
B. returned
C. stopped
D. promised
46. A. courage
B. aid
C. patience
D. advice
47. A. went away
B. stood up
C. stepped aside
D. bent down
48. A. medical
B. public
C. constant
D. equal
49. A. interrupted
B. assessed
C. identified
D. appreciated
50. A. hunger
B. pain
C. cold
D. tiredness
51. A. worried
B. ashamed
C. confused
D. discouraged
52. A. game
B. problem
C. lesson
D. deal
53. A. leave
B. cure
C. bother
D. understand
54. A. ride
B. test
C. meet
D. show
55. A. secret
B. display
C. benefit
D. exchange
【答案】41. D42. A43. D44. A45. C46. B47. D48. A49. B50. B51. C52. D53. A54. C55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey 背着另一个
参赛者Danielle Lenoue 过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey 应该更早完成比赛。A. designed 设计；B. followed 跟随；C.
changed 改变；D. finished 完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 500
feet to where Lenoue could get ____48____ attention”可知，Bailey 在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛
晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey 应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay 延误；B. chance
机会；C. trouble 麻烦；D. excuse 借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have ____41____ the course
earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey 应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名
竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。
43.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge 裁判；B. volunteer
志愿者；C. classmate 同学；D. competitor 参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a
cross-country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey 跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一
名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race 比赛；B. school 学校；C. town 城镇；D. training 训练。根据第一段的
“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey 跑到比赛的三分之二
多的时候”。故选A。
45，考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed 同意；B. returned 回
来；C. stopped 停止；D. promised 答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同
伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。
46，考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey 扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. courage 勇气；B. aid
帮助；C. patience 耐心；D. advice 建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她
的帮助下向前走。故选B。
47.考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey 弯下腰，让Lenoue 爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然
后又走了500 英尺，到Lenoue 接受治疗的地方。A. went away 离开； B. stood up 站起来；C. stepped
aside 让路；D. bent down 弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey 弯下腰，让勒诺
爬到她的背上。故选D。
48.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey 弯下腰，让Lenoue 爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，
然后又走了500 英尺，到Lenoue 接受治疗的地方。A. medical 医疗的；B. public 公众的；C. constant 持续
不断的；D. equal 平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue 很疼，所以是要接受治
疗，medical attention 意为“医疗救助”。故选A。
49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue 在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝
盖受了重伤。A. interrupted 打断；B. assessed 评估；C. identified 识别；D. appreciated 感激。根据下文
“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。
50.考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey 的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查
站。A. hunger 饥饿；B. pain 疼痛；C. cold 感冒；D. tiredness 疲劳。根据第5 空前的“began crying in
pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey 的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。
故选B。
51.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A.
worried 担心的；B. ashamed 惭愧的；C. confused 困惑的；D. discouraged 泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I
was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey 觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一
件大事感到困惑。故选C。
52.考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game 游
戏；B. problem 问题；C. lesson 课；D. deal 交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right
thing”可知，Bailey 觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big
deal 意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave 离开；B. cure 治愈；C. bother 打扰；D.
understand 理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue 爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，
然后又走了500 英尺。可知，Bailey 看见Lenoue 哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。
54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。
A. ride 短途旅程；B. test 测试；C. meet 体育比赛；D. show 展示。根据第一段“hundreds of runners
competed in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一
场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret 秘密；B.
display 展示；C. benefit 利益；D. exchange 交换。根据第二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and
carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 500 feet to where Lenoue could get ____48____
attention”可知，Bailey 背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良，故选B。
【2023 新课标II 卷】
In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move
to Virginia but they were on a very tight 41 . They could not afford to pay for 4
2
for their dog, Tiffy,
and 4
3
wanted to take her with them.
It just 44 that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 45 to take
Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 46 Tiffy.
When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very 47 . George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I
could tell this was 48 for him, having to leave his dog to a 49 and trust that everything would
50 .
After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me 51 Tiffy into the plane. I promised to
take care of Tiffy and 5
2
them as soon as we got to Kansas City.
The flight was 5
3
, and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 54 with Karen and made
it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so 55 and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It
felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again.
41. A. turn
B. budget
C. schedule
D. connection
42. A. food
B. shelter
C. medicine
D. transportation
43. A. desperately
B. temporarily
C. secretly
D. originally
44. A. appeared
B. proved
C. happened
D. showed
45. A. waited
B. offered
C. hurried
D. failed
46. A. see off
B. look for
C. hand over
D. pick up
47. A. confused
B. nervous
C. annoyed
D. curious
48. A. hard
B. fine
C. common
D. lucky
49. A. coworker
B. passenger
C. stranger
D. neighbor
50. A. speed up
B. work out
C. come back
D. take off
51. A. feed
B. follow
C. change
D. load
54. A. call
B. join
C. leave
D. serve
55. A. unnecessary
B. unexpected
C. unavoidable
D. uneventful
54. A. returned
B. fought
C. flew
D. agreed
55. A. thankful
B. generous
C. proud
D. sympathetic
【答案】41. B42. D43. A44. C45. B46. D47. B48. A49. C50. B51. D54. A55. D54. C55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过Pilots N Paws 网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的狗接到另
一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成了这次任务，最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主人身边。
41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚，但他们的预算非常紧张。A. turn 转折点；B.
budget 预算；C. schedule 时间表；D. connection 联系。根据“They could not afford to pay for ___44___
for their dog, Tiffy,”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选B。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy 的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A. food 食物；
B. shelter 庇护；C. medicine 药；D. transportation 交通。根据“They had to move to Virginia but they
were on a very tight ___41___ .”及下文可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张，所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy 的交通
费。故选D。
43.考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy 的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。 A. desperately
非常、拼命地；B. temporarily 暂时地；C. secretly 秘密地；D. originally 起初。根据“wanted to take her
with them.”可知，这家人非常想把狗一起带走。故选A。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen 正在计划另一次PNP 飞行，他主动提出要把
Tiffy 从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. appeared 出现；B. proved 证明；C. happened 碰巧；D. showed 展示。
根据“I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen,”可知，碰巧
是作者和另一名飞行员正
在计划另一次PNP 飞行。故选C。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen 正在计划另一次PNP 飞行，他主动提出要把
Tiffy 从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. waited 等待；B. offered 提供、主动提出；C. hurried 匆忙；D. failed
失败。根据“to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen 主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy 从堪萨斯城
带到弗吉尼亚。故选B。
46.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A. see off 为……送行；B. look for 寻找；
C. hand over 移交；D. pick up 接载。根据“What I was to do was fly to Topeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞
到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。
47.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我见到Tiffy 的主人时，他们看起来很紧张。A. confused 困惑的；B.
nervous 紧张的；C. annoyed 恼怒的；D. curious 好奇的。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be
calm, but I could tell this was ___48___ for him, having to leave his dog to a ___49___ and trust that
everything would ___10___ .”可知，这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。故选B。
48.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George 试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不
把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. hard 困难的；B. fine 好的；C. common 常见的；D.
lucky 幸运的。根据上文“was trying to be calm”以及下文“having to leave his dog to a ___49___ and trust
that everything would ___10___ .”可推知，此处指把狗留给一个陌生人对主人来说很难。故选A。
49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George 试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把
狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. coworker 合作者；B. passenger 乘客；C. stranger 陌生人；
D. neighbor 邻居。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___48___ for
him,”可知，要把狗留给一个陌生人。故选C。
50.考查动词短语辨析。句意：丈夫George 试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把
狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. speed up 加速；B. work out 解决；C. come back 回来；D.
take off 起飞。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___48___ for
him,”可知，让狗的主人George 相信一个陌生人一切都会解决好，对他来说很难。故选B。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：道别之后，我让George 和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy 送上飞机。A. feed 喂养；B.
follow 跟随；C. change 改变；D. load 装载。load into 装入。根据“Tiffy into the plane.”可知，作者让
George 和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy 装入飞机。故选D。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A. call 打电话；B.
join 加入；C. leave 离开；D. serve 服务。根据“as soon as we got to Kansas City.”可知，作者承诺一到堪
萨斯城就给他们打电话。故选A。
53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次飞行平安无事，Tiffy 是个很棒的乘客。A. unnecessary 没有必要的；
B. unexpected 意想不到的；C. unavoidable 不可避免的；D. uneventful 太平无事的。根据“and Tiffy was a
great passenger.”可知，这次飞行一切都平安无事。故选D。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，她和Karen 一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George 那
里。 A. returned 返回；B. fought 打仗；C. flew 飞；D. agreed 同意。根据“It just ___4___ that I was
planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ___5___ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to
Virginia.”可知，Karen 带狗Tiffy 飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选C。
55.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他非常感激，给我发了一封很漂亮的电子邮件，并附上了照片。A.
thankful 感激的；B. generous 慷慨的；C. proud 骄傲的；D. sympathetic 同情的。通读全文，再根据“and
sent me a nice e-mail with pictures.”可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，George 非常感激。故选A。
【2023▪安徽省、云南省、吉林省、黑龙江省四省联考卷】
Dr. Smith of New York works at a center for children who can’t learn well. One day a father brought his son to
him for
41
at his office.
The father told Dr. Smith about his son. “My son has 4
2
in learning and can’t even play baseball. He
isn’t doing well because he doesn’t try. I have done everything for him. I have even shouted at him. But nothing
4 3
. ”
After Dr. Smith tested the boy, he 4
4
his father. He asked the father to sit in front of a 4
5
and
then gave him a pencil and a piece of paper. There was a 4
6
on the paper. He asked the father to look only
in the mirror and 4
7
the lines of the star with the pencil. The father made the same 4
8
anyone
makes. Every time he 4
9
the pencil, it went the wrong way. The father’s face became red.
At this
50
the doctor shouted at him, “Hurry up! Why are you
5 1
so long? You can’t do such
an
52
thing! You don’t know left from right!” These
53
made the father very angry.
“Now you can
54
, can’t you?” The doctor said to him. “Your son has felt just like that all the time.
You scolded (训斥) him too often, so he didn't try any more. He was afraid of making mistakes. ”
55
the father understood everything. He put his face down. Now he felt so sorry.
41. A. testing
B. acting
C. teaching
D. playing
42. A. confidence
B. interest
C. experience
D. difficulty
43. A. returns
B. helps
C. appears
D. remains
44. A. waited for
B. searched for
C. believed in
D. called in
45. A. mirror
B. television
C. painting
D. desk
46. A. face
B. line
C. number
D. star
47. A. remove
B. follow
C. cross
D. cut
48. A. decisions
B. choices
C. mistakes
D. patterns
49. A. touched
B. dropped
C. moved
D. sharpened
50. A. speed
B. corner
C. end
D. point
51. A. staying
B. taking
C. preparing
D. writing
52. A. easy
B. important
C. obvious
D. exciting
53. A. ideas
B. words
C. questions
D. instructions
54. A. relax
B. leave
C. understand
D. promise
55. A. Interestingly
B. Absolutely
C. Suddenly
D. Unfortunately
【答案】41. A42. D43. B44. D45. A46. D47. B48. C49. C50. D51. B52. A53. B54. C55. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位父亲带学习有困难的孩子去做测试。结果，父亲才是那个造成孩
子学习困难的人。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，一位父亲带着儿子到他的办公室做测试。A. testing 测试；B. acting
行动；C. teaching 教；D. playing 玩耍。根据下文“After Dr. Smith tested the boy, he 44 his father.”
可知，男孩做了测试。故选A。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我儿子学习有困难，甚至不会打棒球。A. confidence 自信心；B. interest 兴
趣；C. experience 经验；D. difficulty 困难。根据下文“He isn’t doing well because he doesn’t try. I have
done everything for him.”可知，父亲为儿子做了一切，但是还是学习学不好，所以就认为儿子有学习困难。
故选D。
43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是什么都没用。A. returns 归还；B. helps 帮助；C. appears 出现；D.
remains 仍然。根据前文“One day a father brought his son to him for testing at his office.”可知，父亲带儿
子来做测试，说明自己做的一切都是不起帮助作用的。故选B。
44.考查动词短语辨析。句意：史密斯医生检查完男孩后，把他父亲叫来。A. waited for 等待；B. searched
for 寻找；C. believed in 信任；D. called in 叫来。根据本句“After Dr. Smith tested the boy”可知，史密斯
医生检查完男孩后会把父亲叫进来说明情况。故选D。
45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他让父亲坐在镜子前，然后给了他一支铅笔和一张纸。A. mirror 镜子；B.
television 电视；C. painting 绘画；D. desk 桌子。根据下文“He asked the father to look only in the mirror
and 47 the lines of the star with the pencil.”可知，父亲是坐在镜子前的。故选A。
46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：纸上有一颗星星。A. face 脸；B. line 行；C. number 数字；D. star 星星。根
据下文“He asked the father to look only in the mirror and 47 the lines of the star with the pencil.”可知，
父亲是坐在镜子前画星星的。故选D。
47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他让父亲只照镜子，用铅笔沿着星星的线条画。A. remove 移除；B. follow
跟随，按照；C. cross 跨过；D. cut 切割。根据本句“He asked the father to look only in the mirror”可知，
纸上有个星星，但是父亲只能按照要求照着镜子中的星星画。故选B。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个父亲犯了所有人都会犯的错误。A. decisions 决定；B. choices 选择；C.
mistakes 错误；D. patterns 模式。根据下文“Every time he 49 the pencil, it went the wrong way.”可
知，父亲也会犯错误，每次划线，都走错了方向。故选C。
49.考查动词词义辨析。句意： 每次他移动铅笔，它都走错了方向。A. touched 触摸；B. dropped 掉落；
C. moved 移动；D. sharpened 使变锋利。根据本句“it went the wrong way”可知，铅笔走错了方向，应是
父亲移动铅笔。故选C。
50.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这时，医生对他喊道：“快点！ 怎么花了这么长时间？这么简单的事你做
不出来！你根本不知道左右!”。A. speed 速度；B. corner 角落；C. end 末端；D. point 要点。根据前文
“Every time he
49
the pencil, it went the wrong way.”以及后文“the doctor shouted at him”可知，父
亲犯了错，这时医生对他喊。故选D。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时，医生对他喊道：“快点！你怎么花了这么长时间？这么简单的事你做
不出来！你根本不知道左右!”。A. staying 停留；B. taking 花费；C. preparing 准备；D. writing 写。根据
前文“Every time he
4 9
the pencil, it went the wrong way.”可知，父亲一直犯错，会花很长时间。故选
B。
54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这时，医生对他喊道：“快点！你怎么花了这么长时间？这么简单的事你
做不出来！你根本不知道左右!”。A. easy 容易的；B. important 重要的；C. obvious 明显的；D. exciting 令
人兴奋的。根据后文“You don’t know left from right!”可知，分不清左右是很简单的事。故选A。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些话让父亲非常生气。A. ideas 想法；B. words 言语；C. questions 问题；
D. instructions 指示。根据前文“ “Hurry up! Why are you
51
so long? You can’t do such an
54
thing! You don’t know left from right!””可知，这是医生对父亲说的话。故选B。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“现在你明白了，是吗?”医生对他说。A. relax 放松；B. leave 离开；C.
understand 理解；D. promise 承诺。根据下文“the father understood everything”可知，医生在问父亲是
否明白其中道理。故选C。
55.考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，父亲明白了一切。A. Interestingly 有意思的是；B. Absolutely 绝对地；
C. Suddenly 突然；D. Unfortunately 不幸的是。根据前文““Your son has felt just like that all the time.
You scolded (训斥) him too often, so he didn't try any more. He was afraid of making mistakes. ””可知，父
亲在听完医生的话后，一瞬间就明白了。故选C。
【2022 新课标I 卷】
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our 41 are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we
42 along Chalk Creek. I was 43 that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied
a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was 44 , and his
crying let the whole campground know it. So 45 tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It 46
— he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.
Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we 47 , but storms move
in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 48 our peaceful morning trip. The 49 picked up
and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to 50 the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No 51
. We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there 52 , a fisherman pulled
up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were 53 .
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of 54
, wondering what camping fun and 55 we will experience next.
41. A. ideas
B. jokes C. memories
D. discoveries
42. A. camped B. drove C. walked
D. cycled
43. A. annoyed
B. surprised
C. disappointed
D. worried
44. A. unhurt B. unfortunate C. uncomfortable
D. unafraid
45. A. due to
B. instead of
C. apart from D. as for
46. A. worked B. happened
C. mattered
D. changed
47. A. signed up
B. calmed down
C. checked outD. headed off
48. A. arranged
B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded
49. A. wind
B. noise C. temperatureD. speed
50. A. find
B. hide
C. start
D. fix
51. A. luck
B. answerC. wonder
D. signal
52. A. patiently
B. tirelessly
C. doubtfully D. helplessly
53. A. sorry
B. brave C. safe
D. right
54. A. relief
B. duty
C. pride D. excitement
55. A. failure B. adventure
C. performance
D. conflict
【答案】41. C42. A43. D44. C45. B46. A47. D48. B49. A50. C51. A52. D53. C54. D55. B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒险，并且作者和
家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。
41. C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一些记忆很有趣，尤其是在早些年我们的孩子很小的时候。A.
ideas 想法；B. jokes 笑话；C. memories 记忆；D. discoveries 发现。根据上文“have had wonderful
camping experiences over the past ten years”以及下文“especially from the early years when our children
were little”可推知，此处指作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一些记忆是有趣的。故选C。
42. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped 露营；B. drove 开车；C.
walked 散步；D. cycled 骑自行车。根据上文“ My husband, our children and I have had wonderful
camping experiences over the past ten years.”可知，此处指作者与家人一起在溪边露营。故选A。
43. D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我担心我们15 个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里。A. annoyed 恼怒的；B.
surprised 惊讶的C. disappointed 失望的；D. worried 担心的。根据下文“I tied a rope around his waist to
keep him near to our spot.”可推知，此处指作者担心自己的孩子会掉进小溪里，所以才在他的腰上系了一
根绳子。故选D。
44. C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很不舒服，他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点。A. unhurt 未受
伤的；B. unfortunate 不幸的；C. uncomfortable 不舒服的；D. unafraid 无所畏惧的。根据上文“I tied a
rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”以及下文“his crying let the whole campground know
it”可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以才会哭。故选C。
45. B。考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以我没有把他绑起来，而是密切关注着他。A. due to 由于；B.
instead of 代替、而不是；C. apart from 除了；D. as for 至于。根据上文“He was uncomfortable, and his
crying let the whole campground know it.”以及下文“I just kept a close eye on him”可推知，此处指孩子身
上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以作者放弃在他身上绑绳子，而是密切关注着他。故选B。
46. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最终没有掉进小溪里。A. worked 起作用；B. happened
发生；C. mattered 事关紧要；D. changed 改变。根据下文“he didn’t end up in the creek.”可推知，此处指
作者的密切关注起作用了，孩子没有掉进小溪里。故选A。
47. D。考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们
平静的晨间旅行。A. signed up 注册、报名；B. calmed down 冷静下来；C. checked out 退房、结账离开；
D. headed off 启程、出发。根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文“but storms move in fast in the
mountains”可推知，此处指天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴朗。故选D。
48. B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们
平静的晨间旅行。A. arranged 安排；B. interrupted 中断；C. completed 完成；D. recorded 记录。根据上
文“storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly”以及下文“our peaceful morning trips”可推
知，此处指风暴来临，作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B。
49. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A. wind 风；B. noise 噪音；C. temperature 温度；
D. speed 速度。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains”可推知，此处指大风刮了起来。故选A。
50. C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A. find 找到；B. hide 隐藏；C. start 启动；
D. fix 修理。根据下文“Nothing. He tried again.”以及“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead
motor.”可推知，此处指作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选C。
51. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有好运。A. luck 好运；B. answer 回答；C. wonder 惊奇；D. signal
信号。根据下文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可推知，此处指作者的丈夫
再次尝试启动，也没有获得好运，船依然无法启动。故选A。
52. D。考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子并把
我们拖了回来。A. patiently 耐心地；B. tirelessly 不知疲倦地；C. doubtfully 怀疑地；D. helplessly 无助地。
根据上文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可推知，此处指在天气恶劣的情况
下船无法启动了，作者与家人十分无助地坐着。故选D。
53. C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们安全了。A. sorry 抱歉的；B. brave 勇敢的；C. safe 安全的；D.
right 正确的。根据上文“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed us back”可推知，此处指得到
了渔夫的帮助，作者和家人安全了。故选C。
54. D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，
想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. relief 救济；B. duty 职责；C. pride 自豪；D.
excitement 兴奋。结合语境，再根据下文“wondering what camping fun”可推知，此处指作者期待接下来
的露营，充满兴奋。故选D。
55. B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，
想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. failure 失败；B. adventure 冒险；C. performance
表现；D. conflict 冲突。根据上文“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage,
we are filled with a sense of excitement, wondering what camping fun and”以及下文“we will experience
next”可推知，此处指作者与家人十分期待即将经历的冒险。故选B。
【2022 新课标II 卷】
Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it
41 . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to
Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive 42 , but the couple has an unusual way to make their
travel 43 .
They’re part of a new form of the 44 economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-
cost stays in 45 homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s 46 .
It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully 47 their trips, scheduling their days around the pets
that are sometimes difficult to 48 . But house sitting also offers a level of 49 they can’t find in a hotel.
“It’s like 50 at a friend’s house,” Jessica says.
The couple has a high 51 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the
homeowner’s 52 . For Jessica, that means 53 plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house 54
and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they
made the right 55 ,” she says.
41. A. indoors
B. online
C. single-handed
D. full-time
42. A. game
B. service
C. vacation
D. procedure
45. A. safe
B. busy
C. helpful
D. affordable
44. A. local
B. private
C. sharing
D. agricultural
45. A. strangers’
B. parents’
C. co-workers’
D. neighbors’
46. A. favor
B. defense
C. honor
D. absence
47. A. plan
B. explain
C. compare
D. complete
48. A. buy
B. transport
C. choose
D. please
49. A. support
B. comfort
C. control
D. attention
50. A. cooking
B. staying
C. waiting
D. studying
51. A. success
B. survival
C. growth
D. unemployment
52. A. budget
B. abilities
C. expectations
D. understanding
53. A. admiring
B. donating
C. sending
D. borrowing
54. A. clean
B. open
C. simple
D. empty
55. A. guess
B. decision
C. response
D. impression
【答案】41-45 DCDCA 46-50 DADBB 51-55 ACCAB
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Jessica 和丈夫通过当看房人来环球旅行的事情。在他们免费住在陌
生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很
高，他们总是超出房主的预期。
41. D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与他们中的大多数人不同，这位45 岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。
A. indoors 室内；B. online 在线的；C. single-handed 单手的；D. full-time 全职的。根据后文“She and her
husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore.(在
过去的两年里，她和她的丈夫周游世界，从巴黎到新加坡都在这里停留)”可知，这位45 岁的年轻人全职从
事这项工作。故选D。
42. C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的
方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. game 游戏；B. service 服务；C. vacation 假期；D. procedure 手续。结合
上文可知Jessica 在环球旅行，所以是假期。故选C。
43. D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常
的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. safe 安全的；B. busy 忙碌的；C. helpful 有帮助的；D. affordable 买的
起的。对应上文“It might sound like one long, expensive”指听起来昂贵，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方
式让他们的旅行负担得起。故选D。
44. C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们是共享经济新形式的一部分：在线看房者。A. local 当地的；B.
private 私人的；C. sharing 分享；D. agricultural 农业的。根据后文“economy: an online group of house
sitters”以及提到他们免费住在陌生人家里，可见是共享经济，故选C。
45. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠
物、给植物浇水。A. strangers’陌生人的；B. parents’父母的；C. co-workers’同事的；D. neighbors’邻居的。
根据上文可知他们在环球旅行，所以是住在陌生人的家里。故选A。
46. D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠
物、给植物浇水。A. favor 帮助；B. defense 防御；C. honor 荣誉；D. absence 缺席。根据上文“they feed
pets and water plants in the homeowner’s”指在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。故选D。
47. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安
排他们的日子。A. plan 计划；B. explain 解释；C. compare 比较；D. complete 完成。根据宾语“their
trips”指计划旅行，应用plan。故选A。
48. D。考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安
排他们的日子。A. buy 购买；B. transport 运输；C. choose 选择；D. please 取悦。根据上文“the pets that
are sometimes difficult to”指某些宠物很难照管，故选D。
49. B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：但照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。A. support 支持；
B. comfort 舒适，安慰；C. control 控制；D. attention 注意力。结合后文提到像住在朋友家，可见照看房
子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。故选B。
50. B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这就像住在朋友家一样，”Jessica 说。A. cooking 烹饪；B. staying
停留；C. waiting 等待；D. studying 学习。根据后文“at a friend’s house”指像呆在朋友家，应用stay at。
故选B。
51. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。
A. success 成功；B. survival 存活；C. growth 生长；D. unemployment 失业。根据后文“rate in getting
accepted as house sitters”可知此处指他们被接受为看房人的成功率，应用success。故选A。
52. C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。
A. budget 预算；B. abilities 能力；C. expectations 期待；D. understanding 理解。上文提到这对夫妇被接
受为看房人的成功率很高，是因为他们总是超出房主的预期，所以成功率才高。故选C。
53. C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，
在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. admiring 钦佩；B. donating 捐赠；C. sending 发送；D.
borrowing 借来。根据后文“plenty of pictures of happy pets”指给房主发送宠物的照片。故选C。
54. A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清
洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. clean 干净的；B. open 开放的；C. simple 简单的；D.
empty 空的。根据上文可知，他们的职责就是照看房子，所以要保持房子的清洁。故选A。
55. B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你要让房主觉得他们做了正确的决定，”她说。A. guess 猜测；B.
decision 决定；C. response 反应；D. impression 印象。是房主选择了他们当看房人，所以是房主做了正确
的决定，故选B。
考点3 记叙文之人与自然
【2025 八省联考卷】
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I liked to go and watch the sunset at my local park, which was a seaside area in Karachi. There, I would
always see the same elderly lady 41 the pigeons (鸽子). The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in 42 ,
would gather around her before she even had a 43 to take the bag of rice out from her handbag. It was the
same each day, part of her 44 .
I found that 45 her perform this ordinary task with such 46 was both calming and beautiful.
On this particular evening, the lady arrived at her 47 spot to feed the birds. But, as she 48 the
bench (长凳) to sit down, her necklace (项链) fell to the ground.
I was sitting on the grass nearby waiting for the sun to set. Noticing that, I 49 to get it back for her.
50 , before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the 51 picked up the necklace, 52 to the bench,
and dropped it on her lap.
I couldn’t 53 my eyes. The old lady, also 54 , began laughing quietly to herself. I was 55
with a huge smile on my face and happily went back to watching the sunset.
41. A. feeding
B. pursuing
C. training
D. collecting
42. A. age
B. size
C. weight
D. number
43. A. wish
B. chance
C. plan
D. reason
44. A. job
B. project
C. routine
D. dream
45. A. watching
B. helping
C. making
D. hearing
46. A. confidence
B. enthusiasm
C. flexibility
D. precision
47. A. original
B. parking
C. hiding
D. usual
48. A. repaired
B. approached
C. shared
D. supported
49. A. slipped in
B. ran away
C. got up
D. turned around
50. A. However
B. Afterwards
C. Gradually
D. Fortunately
51. A. sea
B. tree
C. pair
D. group
52. A. walked
B. stuck
C. pointed
D. flew
53. A. lift
B. cover
C. believe
D. close
54. A. satisfied
B. surprised
C. annoyed
D. frightened
55. A. caught
B. hit
C. left
D. met
【答案】41. A42. D43. B44. C45. A46. B47. D48. B49. C50. A51. D52. D53. C54. B55. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者喜欢去一个海滨地区的公园看日落，常看到一位老妇人喂鸽
子。一个特别的晚上，老妇人的项链掉落，一只鸽子竟捡起项链放回到她腿上，这让作者和老妇人都很吃
惊，也都非常欣喜。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，我总是看到同一个老妇人喂鸽子。A. feeding 喂养；B. pursuing 追
求；C. training 训练；D. collecting 收集。根据下文“On this particular evening, the lady arrived at her
__47___ spot to feed the birds.”可知，作者是看到同一个老妇人喂鸽子。故选A。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：鸟儿的数量通常在10 到15 只左右，甚至在她有机会从手提包里拿出那袋米
之前，它们就会聚集在她周围。A. age 年龄；B. size 尺寸；C. weight 重量；D. number 数量。根据上文
“usually around 10 to 15”可推知，此处是介绍这群鸽子的数量，指通常在10 到15 只左右。故选D。
43.考查名词词义辨析。句意：鸟儿的数量通常在10 到15 只左右，甚至在她有机会从手提包里拿出那袋米
之前，它们就会聚集在她周围。A. wish 愿望；B. chance 机会；C. plan 计划；D. reason 原因。根据上文
“The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in ___54___, would gather around her”和下文“to take the bag of rice
out from her handbag”可推知，此处是描述鸽子迅速聚集在老妇人周围的场景，应该是不等她有机会从手
提包里拿出那袋米，鸽子就聚集起来了。故选B。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天都是一样的，这是她日常生活的一部分。A. job 工作；B. project 项目；
C. routine 常规；D. dream 梦想。根据上文“It was the same each day”可知，这件事每天都是一样的，由
此可知，这成了老妇人的常规惯例，即她日常生活的一部分。故选C。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现，看着她如此热情地完成这项平凡的任务，既平静又美丽。A.
watching 观看；B. helping 帮助；C. making 制作；D. hearing 听见。根据上文“There, I would always see
the same elderly lady ___41___ the pigeons (鸽子).”可知，作者总是看老妇人做这件事，由此可知，是看着
她完成这项平凡的任务让作者觉得平静又美丽。故选A。
46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现，看着她如此热情地完成这项平凡的任务，既平静又美丽。A.
confidence 信心；B. enthusiasm 热情；C. flexibility 灵活性；D. precision 精确性。根据上文“It was the
same each day”可知，这件事每天都是一样的，由此可知，老妇人对此倾注了热情，因此一直坚持着。故
选B。
47.考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：在这个特别的晚上，这位女士来到她平常的地方喂鸟。A. original
原始的；B. parking 停车；C. hiding 躲藏；D. usual 平常的。根据上文“It was the same each day”可知，
这件事每天都是一样的，由此可知，老妇人是来到平常的地方喂鸟。故选D。
48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当她走近长凳坐下时，她的项链掉在了地上。A. repaired 修理；B.
approached 靠近；C. shared 分享；D. supported 支持。根据老妇人是来公园喂鸽子的情境，以及下文
“the bench (长凳) to sit down”可推知，此处指她走近长凳坐下。故选B。
49.考查动词短语辨析。句意：注意到这一点，我起身去帮她拿回来。A. slipped in 溜进；B. ran away 逃跑；
C. got up 起身；D. turned around 转身。根据上文“I was sitting on the grass nearby waiting for the sun to
set.”可知，作者坐在附近的草地上，等待太阳落山，由此可知，作者看到老妇人的项链掉落后，起身去帮
她拿回来。故选C。
50.考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我到达之前，鸟群中的一只鸽子捡起了项链，飞到长凳上，把它放
在她的腿上。A. However 然而；B. Afterwards 之后；C. Gradually 逐渐地；D. Fortunately 幸运地。根据
下文“before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the ___51___ picked up the necklace, ___52___ to the
bench, and dropped it on her lap”可知，一只鸽子捡起项链，归还给了老妇人，这与作者原本的行为形成
转折，应用However“然而”衔接上下文。故选A。
51.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我到达之前，鸟群中的一只鸽子捡起了项链，飞到长凳上，把它放
在她的腿上。A. sea 海洋；B. tree 树；C. pair 一对；D. group 群。根据上文“The birds, usually around 10
to 15 in ___44___, would gather around her”可知，这是聚集在老妇人周围的那群鸽子中的一只。故选D。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我到达之前，鸟群中的一只鸽子捡起了项链，飞到长凳上，把它放
在她的腿上。A. walked 行走；B. stuck 卡住；C. pointed 指向；D. flew 飞。根据上文“one of the pigeons”
和下文“dropped it on her lap”可推知，鸽子应该是飞到长凳上，再把项链放在老妇人的腿上。故选D。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。A. lift 举起；B. cover 覆盖；C. believe 相信；
D. close 关闭。根据上文“before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the ___51___ picked up the necklace,
___52___ to the bench, and dropped it on her lap”可知，老妇人经常喂的鸽子居然帮她捡回项链，这是令人
难以置信的事，因此作者不敢相信自己的眼睛。故选C。
54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老太太也很吃惊，开始静静地笑了起来。A. satisfied 满意的；B.
surprised 惊讶的；C. annoyed 恼怒的；D. frightened 害怕的。根据上文“before I reached it, one of the
pigeons from the ___51___ picked up the necklace, ___52___ to the bench, and dropped it on her lap”和
“also”可知，看到自己经常喂的鸽子居然捡回项链，老妇人的反应和作者是一样的，感到非常惊讶。故选
B。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我脸上露出了灿烂的笑容，高高兴兴地继续看日落。A. caught 抓住；B. hit
击打；C. left 剩下；D. met 遇见。根据下文“with a huge smile on my face and happily went back to
watching the sunset”可知，作者见到这一情景，内心是高兴的，脸上应该是仅有灿烂的笑容，即露出了灿
烂的笑容，短语be left with 意为“余下，剩下”，表示在某种情况下，仅剩下某些东西或某种感觉。故选
C。
【2023 浙江1 月卷】
The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to 41 a unique
honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the 4
2
. Reaching
them to get the honey is difficult—and often 4
3
.
I 4
4
beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began
preparations. He 4
5
handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 4
6
the bunch
to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree,
Ziyad began 4
7
. He stopped every few minutes to move the 4
8
higher up the tree trunk.
4
9
, Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch,
he
59
towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a
sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d
5 1
the trunk and was back on the ground.
It was too
52
to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed
53
. Baby bees were still in
the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were
54
and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. He had
to wait for the right
55
to go back up.
41. A. share
B. collect
C. celebrate
D. witness
42. A. courtyards
B. fields
C. treetops
D. caves
43. A. urgent
B. dangerous
C. expensive
D. pointless
44. A. searched
B. recognised
C. followed
D. invited
45. A. gathered
B. cleaned
C. dropped
D. checked
46. A. shook
B. lit
C. measured
D. decorated
47. A. jumping
B. talking
C. testing
D. climbing
48. A. hives
B. leaves
C. rope
D. honey
49. A. Finally
B. Surprisingly
C. Naturally
D. Immediately
50. A. backed
B. dived
C. shouted
D. inched
51. A. cut off
B. gone up
C. slid down
D. held onto
52. A. high
B. early
C. fast
D. close
53. A. hatching
B. training
C. sowing
D. trading
54. A. curious
B. hungry
C. bored
D. angry
55. A. moment
B. equipment
C. person
D. order
【答案】41. D42. C43. B44. C45. A46. B47. D48. C49. A50. D51. C52. B53. A54. D55. A
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者跟随埃塞俄比亚坚持传统养蜂技艺的Ziyad，进行的一次独特
的采蜜经历。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A. share 分享；B. collect 收集；C.
celebrate 庆祝；D. witness 见证；目睹。根据下文“I ____41____ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of
grassland before entering a thick jungle.”可知，作者是跟随经验丰富的养蜂人Ziyad 见证埃塞俄比亚传统
的采蜜方式。故选D 项。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在埃塞俄比亚东南部，手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。A. courtyards 庭院；B.
fields 田野；领域；C. treetops 树顶；D. caves 洞穴。根据下文“higher up the tree trunk.”可知，手工制作
的蜂箱是放在树顶高处。故选C 项。
43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A. urgent 紧急的；B.
dangerous 危险的；C. expensive 昂贵的；D. pointless 毫无意义的。根据“The adult bees were ____44____
and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.”可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是
很危险的。故选B 项。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟随着养蜂人走过一片广阔的草地，进入茂密的丛林。A. searched 搜索；
B. recognised 认出；C. followed 跟随；D. invited 邀请。根据前文“I was on my way to ____41____ a
unique honey harvest.”可知，作者此行是为了跟随经验丰富的养蜂人，近距离观察Ziyad 如何采蜜。故选
C 项。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火
把。A. gathered 聚集、采集；B. cleaned 清除；C. dropped 掉落；D. checked 检查。根据下文“handfuls
of damp tree leaves”可知，此处指Ziyad 从丛林各处，收集一些潮湿的树叶。故选A 项。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。
A. shook 摇晃；B. lit 点燃；点亮；C. measured 测量；D. decorated 装饰。根据后文“to create a torch”可
知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B 项。
47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后
Ziyad 开始向上攀爬。A. jumping 跳；B. talking 谈话；C. testing 测试；D. climbing 攀爬。根据“higher
up the tree trunk”可知，Ziyad 要向上爬到树顶，才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D 项。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每过一会儿就停下调整绳索位置，继续向上攀爬。A. hives 蜂房；B.
leaves 树叶；C. rope 绳索；D. honey 蜂蜜。根据“Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the
other end around the trunk of a tree,”可知，Ziyad 是通过不断调整绳索的位置，保证自己安全灵活地向上
攀爬。故选C 项。
49.考查副词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad 最终到达了蜂巢。那儿距离地面大概有20 米高。A. Finally 最终；B.
Surprisingly 令人意外地；C. Naturally 自然地；D. Immediately 立刻。根据上文“He stopped every few
minutes to move the ___48___ higher up the tree trunk.”可知，身手矫健的Ziyad 借助绳索不断向上攀爬，
终于到达树顶放置蜂巢的位置。故选A 项。
50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad 坐在一节树枝上，小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢，对准火把，将烟吹入
蜂巢的一个小孔里。A. backed 支持；B. dived 跳水；C. shouted 对……大声喊叫；D. inched 缓慢移动。根
据上文“Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often ___43____”可知，采集蜂蜜是困难且危险的
工作，这要求采蜜的人经验丰富，动作快慢节奏快慢结合，此处指Ziyad 小心翼翼地将火把凑近蜂巢，将
烟吹入蜂巢中。故选D 项。
51.考查动词短语辨析。句意：几秒钟过后，他就从树干滑下，重新回到地面。A. cut off 切除；B. gone up
上升；C. slid down 滑下；D. held onto 抓牢。根据前文“Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20
metres above the ground.”和后文“was back on the ground”可知，Ziyad 是从树顶滑下，回到地面。故选
C 项。
52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在采集蜂蜜还为时尚早。A. high 高的；B. early 早的；C. fast 快速的；
D. close 亲近的。根据下文“ A cool summer had delayed ___53___ . Baby bees were still in the
honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，现在蜜蜂幼虫尚未成年，蜂蜜酿造完成还需要一段时日。故选B 项。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天凉爽的温度延误了幼虫孵化。A. hatching 孵化；B. training 培训；C.
sowing 播种；D. trading 与……作交易；交换。根据“Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，
此时蜜蜂宝宝较以往孵化时间更晚，尚未成年。故选A 项。
54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad 从树上逃离之时，成年蜂群被激怒了，持续不断地攻击他。A.
curious 好奇的；B. hungry 饥饿的；C. bored 无聊的；D. angry 生气的。根据下文“kept attacking as
Ziyad escaped from the tree”可知，蜜蜂被外来侵入者激怒，不停地攻击Ziyad。故选D 项。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要等待合适的时刻，再次爬上树顶采摘蜂蜜。A. moment 时刻；B.
equipment 设备；C. person 个人；D. order 点餐；命令。根据上文“ A cool summer had delayed
____53____ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，蜂蜜尚未形成，Ziyad 只好另待时机，
等幼虫变成成年蜂后，再来采蜜。故选A 项。
