夜雨聆风
Founded in 1966, Seacamp is the first program devoted to the education of youth in marine (海洋的) sciences. Preservation practices and a respect for the marine environment are the philosophy of the Seacamp.
Seacamp’s tropical (热带的) marine location in the lower Florida Keys enables it to offer a truly unique marine science program. This program is the heart of Seacamp. Young scientists participate in a variety of courses under the guidance of academically trained marine science instructors and biologists. Each session, 140 to 160 campers come to Seacamp, mostly from the US, but also from across the world. There are about 30 international campers each summer from an average of twelve countries.
One of Seacamp’s unique aspects is that campers create their schedules. In addition to science classes, campers choose from a variety of programs to ensure that there is something interesting and exciting for everyone. Campers interested in journalism may work on the camp newspaper, SEASCOPE, which is published periodically during camp sessions. Arts activities are also included.
Seacamp teaches the fun and skills of sailing. It’s an excellent way for future marine scientists to become familiar with the winds, tides and currents that are of primary concern in oceanography. Basic Red Cross certification is offered to beginners in sailing. The Red Cross course in advanced life-saving is taught at Seacamp. The course is designed to increase the campers’ ability to recognize and avoid dangerous water conditions and to use self-rescue skills to get out of dangerous situations.
Parents may bring campers by car to Big Pine Key. Counselors (顾问) also meet participants at the Miami International Airport on the opening day of camp and accompany them to Big Pine Key on a bus. The fee for round-trip service is $90. To join the Seacamp adventure, interested campers should contact Seacamp for an application.
1. What is the purpose of Seacamp?
A. To help campers have a good time at the seaside.
B. To help campers develop a sense of marine protection.
C. To help campers make a further study about sea life.
D. To help campers complete a course about marine wildlife.
2. What do we know about Seacamp?
A. It has branches all over the world.
B. It is aimed at the young from across the world.
C. Campers go to the camp by bus free of charge.
D. Registration for Seacamp is offered only online.
3. What makes Seacamp different from other camps?
A. It has various kinds of activities.
B. It has famous scientists as guides.
C. The campers can choose their own activities.
D. The campers can travel with their parents.
①philosophyn. 哲学；准则
①under the guidance of 在……的指导下
③sessionn. （某项活动的）一段时间，一场；学年
④journalismn. 新闻业；新闻工作
⑤periodically adv. 定期地
⑥oceanography n. 海洋学
Campers interested in journalism may work on the camp newspaper, SEASCOPE, which is published periodically during camp sessions. (Para. 3)
这是一个主从复合句。“interested in journalism”为形容词短语作______________，修饰“Campers”；which引导______________，先行词是“SEASCOPE”。
In my life everything was going well until the time I married. I had always been a very optimistic person and I always believed that I could overcome any challenge or win any person’s heart with my perseverance. But unfortunately my marriage failed, and that defeat hit me very hard. I went through a very difficult period of time when I had to decide to move house and I couldn’t help complaining that life was so cruel to me. I started losing my faith in life and decided to quit completely and withdraw myself from society.
But somewhere inside, I had a deep feeling of serving needy people. That was because in childhood I was inspired by Mother Teresa and the work she was doing. So after three months of suffering, I decided to do community service every weekend to divert my attention. I joined a non-profit organization I used to supportfinancially in my early career.
I was given a project to teach poor children in the suburbs. I started that activity and on the first day when I reached the location, I walked inside a remote village. There I could see people living in very difficult conditions. They had no access to electricity and they lacked proper road connectivity. But they still enjoyed their lives and lived happily with their surroundings.
My interactions with the kids and parents have taught me valuable lessons about learning to celebrate daily gifts of life. Since that project, I have never looked back. I have met some wonderful and beautiful souls in this journey and they have made me believe that we are making changes and touching the lives of many people.
4. Why did the author suffer a lot?
A. Her marriage failed.
B. She was a negative person.
C. She had to move out of town.
D. Her life was full of challenges.
5. Who inspired the author to help people in need?
A. Her mother.
B. Her husband.
C. Mother Teresa.
D. A non-profit organization.
6. What does the underlined word “divert”in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Notice.
B. Switch.
C. Enjoy.
D. Judge.
7. What did the author learn from the project?
A. Life in the suburbs is much easier.
B. Adults should learn from children.
C. Everyone needs timely inspiration.
D. We should treasure our present life.
①defeatn. 失败；战败；击败 vt. 击败；战胜
②withdrawvt. & vi. （使）撤回，撤离；（使）退出；提，取（银行账户中的款）
③financially adv. 财政上；金融上
④connectivity n. 连接（度）；联结（度）
⑤interactionn. 互动，交流；相互影响，相互作用
⑥never look back 一帆风顺；蒸蒸日上
I went through a very difficult period of time when I had to decide to move house and I couldn’t help complaining that life was so cruel to me. (Para. 1)
这是一个并列复合句。and连接两个并列分句，在第一个分句中，when引导______________，先行词是“______________”，关系副词when在从句中作______________；在第二个分句中，that引导的______________作动词“complaining”的______________。
Maria Martinez is remembered today as the maker of beautiful pottery (陶器). Her pottery is in museums all over the world. The pots she made are black with shiny designs on them.
Maria Martinez was a Tewa Native American. She was born around 1887. As a young woman, Maria was known for the fine pots she made. Maria and the other village women made pots for their families. They also sold pots to visitors. Compared to the pots made by the other women, young Maria’s were lovelier. But they were not outstanding. They were not the pots that would make the name Maria Martinez known around the world.
In 1908, some archaeologists came to Maria’s village. They finally found broken bits of pottery. The pots had belonged to a group of Native Americans who had lived there seven hundred years before. These finds changed Maria’s life.
One of the archaeologists showed Maria the pieces of broken pots. They were thinner than the pots Maria was making. They had an odd, shiny black finish (抛光). He asked Maria if she could make such a pot. Maria said she would try.
Maria’s husband, Julian, helped her. First they had to find a way to make the wall of the pot thinner. Maria knew that the clay she was using would not work. A thin pot made out of that clay would crack (破裂) when it was fired. Maria mixed different amounts of clay, sand, and water. At last, she discovered a mix that would not crack.
Maria and Julian then had to find out how the shiny black finish had been made. They discovered that it took two steps. First, Maria began by polishing the dried clay surface of the pot. She used a smooth stone as her polishing tool. It was slow work. Then, when the pot was polished, she placed it in a fire that was built in a certain way. The fire and ashes worked their magic on the pot. Its finish was now shiny and black.
Maria and Julian had discovered the secrets of the early pottery makers. Then Maria produced many pots. Under Maria’s direction, her son and grandson are keeping the old ways alive just as Maria had done before them.
8. What can we learn about Maria from paragraph 2?
A. She donated her pots to museums.
B. She was good at making lovely pots.
C. She was a world-famous pottery maker.
D. She taught other women villagers to make pots.
9. When did the turning point of Maria’s life come?
A. When her husband helped her.
B. When she met an archaeologist.
C. When a new mix was discovered.
D. When broken pottery bits were found.
10. Which was the last step Maria took to create a new shiny pot?
A. Polishing the dried surface.
B. Gluing the broken pieces.
C. Placing the pot into the fire.
D. Mixing clay and other materials.
11. Why is Maria known around the world?
A. She discovered a special clay mixture.
B. She spent a lifetime making many pots.
C. She passed down the way of making pots.
D. She could make pots with a shiny black finish.
①belong to 属于
②polishvt. 擦光；磨光；修改；润色
③smoothadj. 光滑的；顺利的；平稳的 vt. 使平整；使光滑
④directionn. 指导；方向；用法说明
Then, when the pot was polished, she placed it in a fire that was built in a certain way. (Para. 6)
这是一个主从复合句。when引导______________；that引导的定语从句修饰先行词“______________”，关系代词that在从句中作______________。
King Djoser, who came to power around 2660 BCE, is famous for the first pyramid. Before him, Egyptian kings were buried under mastabas (古埃及墓室) built with mud and bricks. Djoser, however, wanted something better. He told his builder, Imhotep, to build a mastaba out of stone. Stone would better protect the king’s body and wealth, which were needed for afterlife. We don’t know why, but Imhotep added a layer to the mastaba. Then he added more and more, each one smaller than the last. The result was a mastaba with six steps.
Later kings improved the building to be smoother and pointier. It took a few tries to get it right. About 2565 BCE, workers began a pyramid for King Sneferu. The pyramid started out with a steep slope (陡坡), which would have made it tall and narrow. But the sandy ground was not strong enough to hold the weight of a tall, narrow pyramid. It started to fall down. So halfway up, the builders switched to a more gentle slope resulting in what we call the Bent Pyramid.
Khufu, the son of Sneferu, decided to build the biggest pyramid yet. Originally, his Great Pyramid stood about 481 feet (146 m) high and 756 feet (230 m) long on each side. Today it’s a bit smaller, as blocks were taken off long ago and used for other building projects.
Close by, Khafre, the son of Khufu, built a slightly shorter pyramid. Menkaure, Khafre’s son, settled for a still smaller one. After Menkaure, the Egyptians continued to build pyramids, but none as big as Khufu’s. Ancient builders viewed their knowledge as secret and sacred (神圣的), not to be written down or shared. So they left us no how-to handbooks or pictures of pyramid building. But by studying the pyramids themselves, modern historians have been working out some of the builders’ secrets.
12. What was Imhotep asked to do?
A. Add a layer to the mastaba.
B. Build the first stone mastaba.
C. Repair the old mastabas for kings.
D. Protect the king’s body and wealth.
13. What do we know about Bent Pyramid?
A. It was partly built at last.
B. It was built for King Sneferu.
C. It is a success with a steep slope.
D. It fell down soon after it was completed.
14. How does Khufu’s pyramid differ from other kings’?
A. It is bigger.
B. It is smoother.
C. It is pointier and wider.
D. It is taller but narrower.
15. What’s the best title for the text?
A. The Builders of Pyramids
B. The Size and Weight of Pyramids
C. The Historical Importance of Pyramids
D. The Development and Evolution of Pyramids
①come to power上台；掌权
②pyramidn. （古埃及的）金字塔
③Egyptianadj. 埃及的 n. 埃及人
④afterlifen. 阴世；死后的生活
⑤fall down 倒塌
⑥close by 在不远处；在近旁
⑦settle for勉强接受；将就
⑧work out找到（……的答案）；锻炼
The pyramid started out with a steep slope, which would have made it tall and narrow. (Para. 2)
这是一个主从复合句。which引导______________，先行词是“______________”，which在从句中作______________。
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个旨在增加青少年海洋知识和环保意识的度假营。
【答案解析】
1. B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Preservation practices and a respect for the marine environment are the philosophy of the Seacamp.”可知，保护并尊重海洋环境是Seacamp的理念。由此可知，Seacamp主要是培养营员的海洋环保意识。故选B。
2. B细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“youth”以及第二段中的“Each session, 140 to 160 campers come to Seacamp, mostly from the US, but also from across the world.”可知，Seacamp面向的是世界各地的青年人。故选B。
3. C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“One of Seacamp’s unique aspects is that campers create their schedules…campers choose from a variety of programs…”可知，参加度假营的人可以自己安排日程，选择自己喜欢的活动。故选C。
【长难句分析答案】
后置定语；非限制性定语从句
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者遭遇婚姻的失败，生活在痛苦之中不能自拔。为了改变这种糟糕的状况，她参加了一个去偏远地区教学的项目。在与学生和家长的交往中，作者认识到了生活的真正意义。
【答案解析】
4. A 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“In my life everything was going well until the time I married…But unfortunately my marriage failed, and that defeat hit me very hard.”可知，作者饱受折磨的原因是她的婚姻失败了。故选A。
5. C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的第二、三句“That was because in childhood I was inspired by Mother Teresa and the work she was doing. So after three months of suffering, I decided to do community service…”可知，作者是受到Mother Teresa的启发才决定去帮助那些生活困难的人的。故选C。
6. B 词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的“after three months of suffering”可知，作者在三个月里一直沉浸在痛苦之中，根据画线词后面的“I joined a non-profit organization”可知，作者加入了一个非营利性组织。由此可推知，作者这么做就是为了改变这种痛苦的状态，把注意力从自身的磨难中“转移”。switch意为“转变，转换”，与divert意义一致。故选B。
7. D 推理判断题。文章最后一段是作者的总结和感悟。联系文章倒数第二段讲述的作者的见闻和最后一段的第一句“My interactions with the kids and parents have taught me valuable lessons about learning to celebrate daily gifts of life.”可推知，作者从这个项目中悟出的道理是我们应当珍惜现在的生活。故选D。
【长难句分析答案】
定语从句；a very difficult period of time；时间状语；宾语从句；宾语
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国陶艺家Maria Martinez的故事。
【答案解析】
8. B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“As a young woman, Maria was known for the fine pots she made.”和“Compared to the pots made by the other women, young Maria’s were lovelier.”可知，Maria年轻时善于制作漂亮的陶器。故选B。
9. B 细节理解题。根据文章第四段可知，一位考古学家向Maria展示他发现的破损陶片，并问她能不能做出表面带有闪亮的黑色的陶器。根据文章第五段和第六段可知，Maria与丈夫经过不断尝试，最后成功制作出了这种陶器，而正是这种陶器使得Maria成为世界著名的陶艺家。由此可知，遇见这位考古学家是Maria命运的转折点。故选B。
10. C 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“They discovered that it took two steps. First…Then, when the pot was polished, she placed it in a fire”可知，将打磨好的陶器放在火上烧制是最后一个步骤。故选C。
11. D 推理判断题。文章第一段指出Maria制作的陶器上带有闪亮的黑色，下文指出Maria发现了早期陶器制作的奥秘，最终制成了带有闪亮的黑色的陶器，由此可推断，她制作出带有闪亮的黑色的陶器让她闻名于世。故选D。
【长难句分析答案】
时间状语从句；fire；主语
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文。第一座石头金字塔是古埃及国王Djoser当政时建造的，之后的古埃及统治者在金字塔的设计上相继做出了一些改变。
【答案解析】
12. B 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，Djoser之前的埃及国王都是用泥土和砖建的墓室，Djoser要求Imhotep用石头建墓室。由此可知，Imhotep被要求建第一座石质的墓室。故选B。
13. B 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，大约公元前2565年，工人们开始为Sneferu国王建造金字塔。金字塔开始建得很陡峭，这使它又高又窄。但沙质地面不够坚固，无法承受又高又窄的金字塔，它开始倒塌。所以建造者们在建到一半时换了一个更平缓的斜坡，于是形成了我们所说的曲折金字塔。由此可知，曲折金字塔是为国王Sneferu建造的。故选B。
14. A 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Khufu, the son of Sneferu, decided to build the biggest pyramid yet.”和第四段中的“Close by, Khafre, the son of Khufu, built a slightly shorter pyramid…settled for a still smaller one…but none as big as Khufu’s.”可知，Khufu当政时期建了一座当时最大的金字塔，在他之后的古埃及国王的金字塔都比前任国王的要小一些，且没有一位国王的金字塔和Khufu的一样大，由此可知，Khufu国王的金字塔比其他国王的金字塔都大。故选A。
15. D 主旨大意题。本文从古埃及的第一座金字塔的建造开始讲起，然后介绍了其他古埃及国王在金字塔的设计上做出的改变，由此可知，本文主要介绍了金字塔的发展和演变过程。故选D。
【长难句分析答案】
非限制性定语从句；a steep slope；主语
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