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北京亦庄实验中学 2021-2022 学年直升初二第 7 学段
教与学质量诊断英语试题 2022. 04
总分：70分 时间：90分钟
第一部分知识运用(共15分）
一、句子填空。
根据首字母、中文提示或所给单词的适当形式填空。每空不限一词。请将答案填写在答题卡
的相应位置上。（共10小题：每题0. 5分，共5分）
1. Running every morning has become Mary’s d________ exercise.
【答案】(d)aily
【解析】
【详解】句意：每天早上跑步已成为玛丽的日常锻炼。根据“Running every morning”以及首字母可知，指
的是日常训练。daily“日常的”，形容词。故填(d)aily。
2. Diana is________（躺，平躺）in the sun at this moment.
【答案】lying
【解析】
【详解】句意：戴安娜这个时候正躺在阳光下。表达“躺”用动词lie。根据“at this moment”可知讲述的
是正在做的事，用现在进行时be doing，此处用lie的现在分词lying。故填lying。
3. The flight________（ cancel） because of the bad weather last week．
【答案】was canceled
【解析】
【详解】句意：由于上周天气不好，航班取消了。根据last week判断句子使用一般过去时，主语是动作的
承受者，句子使用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用“were/was+动词的过去分词”，主语是单数名词，此处
用was canceled。故填was canceled。
4. A thief ________ (steal) my watch on the bus yesterday.
【答案】stole
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：昨天一个小偷在公共汽车上偷了我的手表。根据时间状语“yesterday”可知，句子应是一
般过去时，动词应用过去式；steal，偷，动词，过去式为stole。故填stole。
5. C________ Day is on December 25th.
【答案】(C)hristmas【解析】
【详解】句意：圣诞节在12月25日。根据“December 25th”以及首字母提示可知，此处指圣诞节；
Christmas Day表示“圣诞节”。故填(C)hristmas。
6. The tour guide introduced an easy way to find the ________ (direct) of south in the forest.
【答案】direction
【解析】
【详解】句意：导游介绍了一个在森林中寻找南方方向的简单方法。根据“the ... of”可知，此处要用名词；
direct“给……指路，指引”，其名词为direction；the direction of表示“……的方向”。故填direction。
7. They built a wall to a________ (避免，防止) soil being washed.
【答案】(a)void
【解析】
【详解】句意：他们建了一堵墙以避免土壤被冲刷。避免：avoid，动词；结合语境可知，建墙的目的是为
了避免土壤被冲刷，所以此处应用动词不定式to avoid作目的状语。故填(a)void。
8. The old people coughed for a week b________（严重地）.
【答案】(b)adly
【解析】
【详解】句意：老人们咳嗽很厉害一个星期了。根据汉语和首字母提示可知，空处应是badly，副词，修
饰动词。故填(b)adly。
9. It’s __________ (polite) to shout at the old people.
【答案】impolite
【解析】
【详解】句意：对老人大喊是不礼貌的。根据后面的“shout at the old people”可知，应该是对老人大喊是
不礼貌的，由“it’s”可知，应该填形容词作表语，impolite意为“不礼貌的”，故填impolite。
10. I like reading n________ written by Mo Yan.
【答案】(n)ovels
【解析】
【详解】句意：我喜欢莫言写的小说。根据“reading ...written by Mo Yan”及首字母可知，应是喜欢莫言写
的小说，novel“小说”，可数名词，此处应用名词的复数形式表示泛指，故填(n)ovels。
二、短文填空。
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据上下文或首字母提示，用正确形式填空，每空一词。请将答案填写
在答题纸的相应位置上。
Many foreigners move to China because of a strong interest in its culture. One man has turned his interest intolove and this love made ____11____ write many books about China. He is William, an American who has lived in
China ____12____ 33 years, and his Chinese name is Pan Weilian. His Chinese friends ____13____ him “Lao
Pan”.
In 1988, Lao Pan first came to China and ____14____ as a teacher at a university. But Lao Pan did not begin
to understand China ____15____ he and his family took a 3-month drive around the county. These ____16____
in China gave him ideas for his books. Since then, he has written thirteen books about China. These books give the
world a fuller picture of China and Lao Pan is ____17____ of what he is doing.
Lao Pan’s new book includes his forty-seven ____18____ to his family back in America. The letters show
China’s development in different periods. Lao Pan often says he loves China ____19____ its people so much. He
sees it as a life-long task to let more westerners know _____20_____ China is like. He will continue telling the
nation’s stories to the world.
【答案】11. him
12. for 13. call
14. worked 15. until
16. experiences
17. proud 18. letters
19. and 20. what
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了老潘把对中国的兴趣变成了对中国的热爱，他写了很多关于中国的书，向世人展示了
中国不同时期的故事。
【11题详解】
句意：有一个人把他的兴趣变成了爱，这种爱使他写了很多关于中国的书。根据“this love made ... write
many books about China”可知，这种对中国文化的爱使得他写了很多关于中国的书；由“made”可知，此处
用宾格代词him。故填him。
【12题详解】
句意：他叫威廉，是一位在中国生活了33年的美国人。根据“33 years”可知，一段时间要与介词for连用。
故填for。
【13题详解】
句意：他的中国朋友叫他“老潘”。根据“His Chinese friends ... him ‘Lao Pan’.”可知，潘维廉的中国朋友
称呼他为“老潘”；call“称呼”符合语境，此句是一般现在时，主语是复数形式，动词用原形。故call。
【14题详解】
句意：1988年，老潘第一次来到中国，在一所大学当老师。根据“as a teacher at a university”可知，在一所大学任教，work as“担任；以……身份而工作”；再由“In 1988”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词要用过去
式。故填worked。
【15题详解】
句意：但是直到老潘和他的家人开车在这个国家转了3个月之后，他才开始了解中国。根据“But Lao Pan
did not begin to understand China ... he and his family took a 3-month drive around the county.”可知，老潘一开
始不了解中国，直到他带着家人开车在中国转了一圈后才了解；not ... until表示“直到……才”。故填
until。
【16题详解】
句意：这些在中国的经历给了他写书的灵感。根据上文“he and his family took a 3-month drive around the
county”可知，他和他家人花了3个月的时间开车在中国转了一圈，这些经历为他的书提供了想法；
experience“经历”，可数名词；再由空前的“These”可知，要用名词复数。故填experiences。
【17题详解】
句意：这些书让世界更全面地了解了中国，老潘为他所做的一切感到自豪。根据“These books give the
world a fuller picture of China”可知，这些书给世界呈现了中国更加完整的画面，说明老潘做的事情非常有
意义，他为此感到骄傲；be proud of表示“为……感到骄傲”，固定短语。故填proud。
【18题详解】
句意：老潘的新书包括他写给美国家人的47封信。根据下文“The letters show China’s development in
different periods.”可知，此处指他寄给家人的47封信；letters“信件”符合语境。故填letters。
【19题详解】
句意：老潘常说他爱中国，爱中国人民。根据“China”和“its people”是并列关系可知，应用and连接。故
填and。
【20题详解】
的
句意：他认为让更多 西方人了解中国是什么样子是一个终身的任务。根据“... China is like”可知，此
处指中国是什么样子，what“什么”符合语境。故填what。
第二部分阅读理解（共35分）
三、阅读A、B两篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。请将答案涂在答题卡
相应位置上。（共10小题；21-25每题1分，26-30每题2分，共15分）
A
Many metals must be made into thin objects before they can be used in technological products like electronics
or cells. “Stubborn” metals, however, are very difficult to turn into thin objects because they require extremely high
temperatures.Generally speaking, scientists make metal objects using the technique that includes making metals become gas
at high temperatures and allowing an object to form on top of wafers (晶片). But this traditional method is very
expensive, uses a lot of energy, and may also be unsafe due to high temperatures. Now, the researchers from
University of Minnesota have developed a way to make these metals become gas at significantly lower
temperatures, fewer than 200 degrees instead of several thousands. By designing and adding organic ligands (有机
配体) to these metals, the researchers were able to greatly increase the material vapor (蒸汽) pressure, making
them easier to become gas at lower temperatures. Not only is their new technique simpler, but it also makes higher
quality materials.
“The ability to make new materials with ease and control is necessary to walk into a new age of energy
economy,” said Bharat Jalan, the senior author of the study. “There is already a historical link between the progress
in science and the development of new technology. Millions of dollars go into making materials for various
applications. Now, we’ve come up with a simpler and cheaper technology that makes better materials.”
These “stubborn” metals are used to make lots of products. “Bringing down the cost and difficulty of
producing these metals will play a large role in both industrial and research efforts,” said William Nunn, the paper’s
first author. “Now that making these metals into thin objects becomes easier, we want to see renewed interest in the
materials which include these stubborn metals.” The research is published recently and extremely popular among
readers.
21. How do scientists usually make metal objects?
A. By adding new materials. B. By using less energy.
C. By using high temperatures. D. By reducing metal vapor pressure.
22. What is Bharat Jalan’s attitude towards the new technology?
A. Negative. B. Positive. C. Uninterested. D. Doubtful.
23. What is William Nunn’s hope?
A. To increase the usage of thin objects. B. To reduce the cost of “stubborn” metals.
C. To make energy economy develop faster. D. To attract more attention of “stubborn” metals.
24. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The usage of metal objects. B. A new way to make metal objects.
C. Characteristics of “stubborn” metals. D. The process of making “stubborn” metals.
.
25 Where can you possibly find this research?
A. An economy book. B. A film magazine.
.
C A factory’s website. D. A science journal.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. D【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了一种将金属变为气体，从而制造出更高质量的材料新方法。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Generally speaking, scientists make metal objects using the technique that includes
making metals become gas at high temperatures and allowing an object to form on top of wafers (晶片).”可知，科
学家们通过使用高温制作金属物体。故选C。
【22题详解】
观点态度题。根据第三段“The ability to make new materials with ease and control is necessary to walk into a
new age of energy economy（轻松和可控地制造新材料的能力是进入能源经济新时代所必须的）”和“Now,
we’ve come up with a simpler and cheaper technology that makes better materials.（现在，我们提出了一种更简
单、更便宜的技术，可以制造更好的材料）”可推知，Bharat Jalan对这项新技术的态度是支持的。故选
B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Now that making these metals into thin objects becomes easier, we want to see
renewed interest in the materials which include these stubborn metals.”可知，William Nunn希望人们对“顽固”
金属有更多的兴趣或关注。故选D。
【24题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Now, the researchers from University of Minnesota have developed a way to make
these metals become gas at significantly lower temperatures, fewer than 200 degrees instead of several thousands.”
和全文可知，本文主要介绍了一种将金属变为气体，从而制造出更高质量的材料新方法。故选B。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。通过全文可知，本文主要介绍了一种将金属变为气体，从而制造出更高质量的材料新方法。
结合选项，由此推断最有可能在一本科学杂志上找到这项研究。故选D。
B
Nowadays traffic jam can happen anywhere. People can get very anxious if they are in traffic jam. For many
years people have tried to invent a car that can fly. If a person is driving a flying car, the traffic jam would be far
below him.
,
Many companies around the world are developing flying cars. They hope that in the future flying cars
will be useful for short trips like taxis in or out of cities. These cars could save time in emergencies (突发事件) and
help reach places that can’t be reached by road. They also hope to save the space on the ground. Flying cars won’t
use runways, because they are able to take off and land by going straight up and straight down.
Last September, SkyDrive, a Japanese company, showed off its new flying car SD-03. With a pilot onboard,the car was flown around for four minutes.
Flying cars need strong power to fly in the sky freely like the airplanes. SkyDrive designed the SD-03
powered by batteries. There are eight motors (发动机) lifting it straight off the ground. The design also produces
less pollution.
Although the SD-03’s test flight was successful, we may not see flying cars in our daily life anytime soon.
There are still many challenges in the way. Safety is a big problem. What happens when a motor fails? If a flying
car is crossing a city, an accident could hurt not just the people in the car but also people on the ground. That’s why
the SD-03 has eight motors—some are backups (备用物). Flying cars are also very expensive. The SD-03, for
example, is expected to sell for up to $500,000.
Yet people who believe in flying cars point out that cars and airplanes faced lots of challenges at first, too.
Over time, many of their biggest problems were solved. Tomohiro Fukuzawa, who leads SkyDrive, hopes that by
2050, people will have been able to fly anywhere inside of Tokyo in ten minutes or less.
26. According to the passage, which is NOT one of the advantages of flying cars?
A. They can save time in emergencies.
B. They can save the space on the ground.
C. They can be useful for short and long trips.
D. They can reach places that can’t be reached by road.
27. SD-03 is mentioned in the passage mainly to ________.
A. introduce a famous Japanese company
B. praise the fast development of flying cars
C. prove the leadership of Tomohiro Fukuzawa
D. show a new invention of flying cars in Japan
28. Which of the following statements is FALSE?
A. People may find it hard to afford a flying car like SD-03.
B. SD-03 designed by SkyDrive managed to work for a while.
C. SD-03 was powered by batteries, which is good for the environment.
D. SD-03 was a successful example and we have the chance to see it in real life soon.
29. The SD-03 has eight motors in order to ________.
A. fly for a longer distance B. carry more people in the car
C. get ready for dangerous situations D. carry more backups in the car
30. We can infer from the passage that ________ in 30 years because of flying cars.
A. the sky might become busier and busier
B. more accidents may happen on the streetsC. there may be no cars driving on the streets
D. people can fly anywhere in Japan in ten minutes
【答案】26. C 27. D 28. D 29. C 30. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了人们想要发明载人飞行汽车的原因以及日本公司发明的一辆载人飞行汽车
SD-03。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“These cars could save time in emergencies (突发事件) and help reach places that
can’t be reached by road. They also hope to save the space on the ground.”可知，这些汽车可以在紧急情况下节
省时间、到达公路无法到达的地方和节省地面空间；C选项未提到。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Last September, SkyDrive, a Japanese company, showed off its new flying car
SD-03.”可推知，作者在文中提到SD-03，主要是展示在日本载人飞行汽车的新发明。故选D。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Although the SD-03’s test flight was successful, we may not see flying cars in
our daily life anytime soon.”可知，虽然SD-03的试飞很成功，但短期内我们可能不会在日常生活中看到飞
行汽车；D选项表述有误。故选D。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“What happens when a motor fails? If a flying car is crossing a city, an accident
could hurt not just the people in the car but also people on the ground. That’s why the SD-03 has eight motors—
some are backups (备用物).”可知，为了防止发动机失灵，伤到车里的人和地面的人，SD-03有8个发动机；
由此推知，SD-03有8个发动机是为了对危险的情况做好准备。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段可知，载人飞行汽车优点很多，所以应该会有很多人愿意选择这种交通方式；
根据文章最后一段可知，即使以现在的科学技术来说载人飞行汽车仍然面临挑战，但还是有人，比如日本
的SkyDrive公司，愿意去研发技术推进载人飞行汽车的发展；综上所述，我们可以推测以后的载人飞行汽
车应是会发展的又快又好，也就是说越来越多的人能够坐上载人飞行汽车，那天空就会和现今的地面一样
忙碌。故选A。
四、短文七选五：
根据材料内容，从下面七个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。
Regardless of whether English is your first language, you won’t make a good impression if you can’t write
well. To improve your written English, learn the rules for correct grammar and punctuation (标点符号) andthoroughly proofread your written work. A large vocabulary will also help your writing stand out. ____31____
There are some tips for you to improve your writing.
Improve Grammar and Punctuation
____32____ Grammar and punctuation errors stand out when you read your writing out. As you read, pay
attention to where you pause and make sure your punctuation shows those pauses. Read the whole piece from
beginning to end, looking at how the sentences flow together. You’d better also spend much time studying word
usages to get the hang of grammar and punctuation. There are many websites that have free grammar and word
usage lessons, tips, and exercises.
Enlarge Your Vocabulary
You’d better read books written in English. Books and magazines can introduce you to new words, if you pay
attention to the words you don’t know. ____33____ Read the whole definition (释义) for the word in it and think
about how the author is using it in context (背景). You may consider doing crossword puzzles to practice
vocabulary. Crossword puzzles give you an opportunity to learn new words, as well as recall words you’ve learned
and think about different contexts and meanings of words you already know.
Develop Good Writing Habits
____34____ The most readable writing is that written in the way people talk. So keep your sentence structure
simple, and use mostly common, ordinary words that most people know. Next, remember to outline longer or more
difficult pieces. If you’re writing something longer than a paragraph, or if you need to make several different
points, an outline will help you organize your thoughts and make your writing flow more easily. ____35____
Lastly, read over everything you write, even something as short as a text message. Over time, you’ll notice an
improvement in your first drafts.
A. Use a conversational writing style.
B. You can also review the words you already know.
C. Pay attention to the importance of reading out your writing loud.
D. That is why you won’t be worried about forgetting something while writing.
E. Keep a dictionary nearby when you are reading something, and look up any new words.
F. Talking to actual native speakers is the most effective way to improve your English skills.
G. Above all, be willing to practice every day and put in the work to build strong English writing skills.
【答案】31. G 32. C 33. E 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了几种提升英文写作的方法，如改进语法和标点、扩大词汇量、养成良好的写作习
惯等等。【31题详解】
根据空前“learn the rules for correct grammar and punctuation (标点符号) and thoroughly proofread your written
work. A large vocabulary will also help your writing stand out.”可知，学习正确的语法和标点符号的规则、彻
底校对作品以及丰富的词汇量都是提升自我写作的方法；由此推知，空处与提升写作技能相关。G选项
“最重要的是，愿意每天练习，投入工作来建立强大的英语写作技能。”符合。故选G。
【32题详解】
根据空后“Grammar and punctuation errors stand out when you read your writing out.”可知，要将自己写的东
西朗读出来，朗读自己的文章时，语法和标点错误会很明显；C选项“注意大声朗读你的作品的重要
性。”符合。故选C。
【33题详解】
根据空前“if you pay attention to the words you don’t know”和空后“Read the whole definition (释义) for the
word in it and think about how the author is using it in context (背景).”可知，遇到新单词和查询单词的释义时
需要字典；E选项“在你阅读的时候，手边放一本字典，可以查到生词。”符合。故选E。
【34题详解】
根据空后“The most readable writing is that written in the way people talk.”可知，最易读的作品是用人们说话
的方式写的；由此推知，空处与写作风格相关；A选项“使用对话式的写作风格。”符合。故选A。
【35题详解】
根据空前“If you’re writing something longer than a paragraph, or if you need to make several different points, an
outline will help you organize your thoughts and make your writing flow more easily.”可知，写长篇文章或有多
个不同的观点要阐述时，写作大纲可以帮你组织观点，使你的写作进行得更加顺利，也不用担心会漏掉要
点；D选项“这就是为什么你不会担心在写作时忘记一些东西。”符合。故选D。
五、阅读C、D篇短文，根据短文内容回答问题。请将答案填写在答题纸的相应位置上。
（共10小题：36-40每题1分，41-45每题2分，共15分）
C
Traveling by subway can sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during rush hour. There are the times
when you have to prevent cups of coffee from spilling (溅) on you. The smells of some passengers’ food are very
strong, too. According to the Beijing subway passenger regulations, which went into effect on May 15th in 2019,
passengers except babies and the sick are no longer allowed to eat or drink on the subway. Violators (违反者) who
do not stop after being asked to will be asked to get off. The violation will also be recorded in the violators’ credit
record.
Some citizens support the rule. The reason is that the smell of food and drink can annoy other passengers.
“The smell of food fills the carriage, causing people discomfort, especially in the hot summer. Besides, eating onthe subway produces rubbish, which will attract mice and other pests. And on subway trains, people often spill their
drinks,” said Zheng Yiou, 17, a student from Hefei. Supporters think that only by forcing the riders not to eat can
we improve the carriage environment. Moreover, passengers will develop a more civilized way of taking public
transportation.
However, others question this rule. “Some citizens live so far from their work places that they have limited
time to have breakfast before they go to work. Eating while they travel saves them time and lowers the chance that
they will be late for work,” He Songlin, a 17-year-old student from Chengdu said. “And some people, like those
with low-blood sugar levels, get sick if they can’t eat when they must.”
Other Chinese cities like Nanjing and Chengdu have similar regulations. Some foreign cities also ban eating
and drinking on the subway. For example, eating and drinking have long been banned on the subway in Washington
D.C. Singapore fines people who eat or drink on the subway up to 500 Singapore dollars, which is RMB 2,417
yuan.
Chen Yanyan, a professor from Beijing University of Technology, believed that we should consider the need of
some people to eat or drink on the subway. “Commuters (上班族) and travelers are sometimes too busy to eat.
Maybe we could learm from Tokyo, where there are many subway stations equipped with services, allowing
passengers to eat and drink.” she said.
36. What are the punishments for the passengers who keep breaking the subway rules in Beijing?
_____________________________________________
37. How does the writer prove the different opinions in paragraphs 2 and 3? (Within 10 words)
_____________________________________________
38. What does the underlined word “fines” probably mean? (Within 10 words)
_____________________________________________
39. What is Chen Yanyan’s solution according to the last paragraph? (Within 15 words)
_____________________________________________
40. Please give a title to the passage.
_____________________________________________
【答案】36. They will be asked to get off. Meanwhile, the violation will also be recorded in the violators’ credit
record.
37. By giving examples.
38. To make somebody pay money as an official punishment.
39. To provide services at subway stations to allow passengers to eat and drink.
40. People’s Views on Food and Drink Banned on Subway.【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了人们对禁止乘客在地铁上吃喝的条例的不同看法。
【36题详解】
根据“Violators (违反者) who do not stop after being asked to will be asked to get off. The violation will also be
recorded in the violators’ credit record.”可知，不断违反地铁规则的乘客将被要求下车，同时违规行为也将被
记录在违反者的信用记录中。故填They will be asked to get off. Meanwhile, the violation will also be recorded
in the violators’ credit record.
【37题详解】
根据第二段和第三段可知，第二段是介绍一些人支持这一规定，第三段是介绍其他人质疑这一规定。之后
作者在第四段和第五段分别举例子来证明这两段的观点。故填By giving examples.
【38题详解】
根据“who eat or drink on the subway up to 500 Singapore dollars, which is RMB 2,417 yuan.”可知，此处是指
新加坡对在地铁上吃喝的人处以最高500新元的罚款。fine表示“罚款”，也就是“使某人支付金钱作为
官方惩罚”。故填To make somebody pay money as an official punishment.
【39题详解】
根据“Commuters (上班族) and travelers are sometimes too busy to eat. Maybe we could learm from Tokyo,
where there are many subway stations equipped with services, allowing passengers to eat and drink.”（上班族和
旅行者有时忙得没时间吃饭。也许我们可以向东京学习，那里有许多地铁站配备了服务，允许乘客吃喝）
可知，陈燕燕的解决方案是在地铁站配备服务，允许乘客吃喝。故填To provide services at subway stations
to allow passengers to eat and drink.
【40题详解】
根据“According to the Beijing subway passenger regulations, which went into effect on May 15th in 2019,
passengers except babies and the sick are no longer allowed to eat or drink on the subway. Violators (违反者) who
do not stop after being asked to will be asked to get off. The violation will also be recorded in the violators’ credit
record.”以及文章可知，本文主要介绍了人们对禁止乘客在地铁上吃喝的条例的不同看法。故填People’s
Views on Food and Drink Banned on Subway.
D
Recently, as the British doctor Robert Winston took a train from London to Manchester, he found himself
becoming more and more angry. A woman had picked up her phone and begun a loud conversation,which would
last an unbelievable hour. Being extremely angry, Winston began to tweet about (发微博谈论) the woman. He took
her picture and sent it to his more than 40,000 followers.When the train arrived at its destination, Winston rushed out. He’d had enough of the woman’s rudeness. But
the press was now waiting for her on the platform. And when they showed her Winston’s messages, she used just
one word to describe Winston’s actions: rude.
Winston’s tale is something of a small picture of our age of increasing rudeness, fueled by social media.
What can we do to fix this?
Studies have shown that rudeness spreads quickly, almost like the common cold. Just seeing rudeness makes it
far more likely that we, in turn, will be rude later on. Once infected (传染), we are more aggressive, less creative
and worse at jobs. The only way to avoid it is to deal with it face to face. We must say, “Just stop.” For Winston,
that would have meant approaching the woman, telling her that her conversation was frustrating other passengers
and politely asking her to speak more quietly or make the call at another time.
The uncontrollable anger and injustice we feel at the rude behavior of a stranger can drive us to do strange and
unusual things. In my own research, surveying 2,000 adults, I discovered that the acts of revenge (报复) people had
taken ranged from the foolish to the disturbing. Winston did shine a spotlight on the woman’s behavior—but from
afar, in a way that shamed her.
We must instead fight against rudeness head on. When we see it occur in a store, we must step up and say
something. If it happens to a friend, we must point it out. We must defend strangers in the same way we’d defend
our best friends. But we can do it with grace, by handling it without any aggression and without being rude
ourselves. Because once rude people can see their actions through the eyes of others, they are far more likely to end
that pressure themselves. As this wave of rudeness rises, civilization needs civility.
41. What does “fueled by social media” mean in Paragraph 3? (Within 15 words)
_____________________________________________
42. According to the passage, what are the possible bad effects of seeing rudeness at jobs?
_____________________________________________
43. Please decide which part is false in the following statement. Then underline it and explain why.
Winston used a proper way to ask others to focus on the woman’s behavior.
_____________________________________________
44. What’s the writer’s purpose of writing this passage?
_____________________________________________
45. If you are on the train, hearing the woman talking loudly, what will you do? Why? (No less than 20words)
_____________________________________________
【答案】41. Social media makes rudeness spread more quickly.
42. Seeing rudeness at jobs may make people be rude later on, more aggressive, less creative and worse at jobs.43. 划出proper。Because it’s also rude for Winston not to communicate with the woman but to tweet about her.
44. The writer wants to call on people to end the rudeness without being rude themselves.
45. I will tell her that she has disturb me and ask her to talk in a lower voice. Because I can make the woman willing to
be quiet in a polite and proper way without rudeness.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过一位医生将旅途中遇到的不文明行为曝光到自己的社交网站上，给女乘
客带来羞辱的故事，告诉我们在遇到不文明行为的时候，要用合理、友善的方式告诉当事人，而不是粗鲁
地将其公之于众。
【41题详解】
根据第三段中“Winston’s tale is something of a small picture of our age of increasing rudeness, fueled by social
media.”可知，我们现在这个时代越来越粗鲁，而社交媒体使粗鲁传播更快，故填Social media makes
rudeness spread more quickly.
【42题详解】
根据第四段中“Just seeing rudeness makes it far more likely that we, in turn, will be rude later on. Once infected
(传染), we are more aggressive, less creative and worse at jobs.”可知，目睹别人甚至感染了无礼的行为，会
提高我们之后变粗鲁的可能性，变得更有攻击性，创造力下降，工作能力下降，故填Seeing rudeness at
jobs may make people be rude later on, more aggressive, less creative and worse at jobs.
【43题详解】
根据第四段中“For Winston, that would have meant approaching the woman... politely asking her to speak more
quietly or make the call at another time.”可知，前文韦斯特直接微博评论女士的行为是不对的，应该直接面
对面进行交流。故应划出proper“恰当的，正确的”。故填Because it’s also rude for Winston not to
communicate with the woman but to tweet about her.
【44题详解】
根据最后一段中“But we can do it with grace, by handling it without any aggression and without being rude
的
ourselves.”可知，作者写这篇文章是想要呼吁大家通过礼貌 行为来终止无礼的行为。故填The writer
wants to call on people to end the rudeness without being rude themselves.
【45题详解】
开放性作答，结合原文主旨，言之有理即可。参考答案为：I will tell her that she has disturb me and ask her
to talk in a lower voice. Because I can make the woman willing to be quiet in a polite and proper way without
rudeness.
第三部分语言表达（共20分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，
每句中最多有1处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、修改或删除。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在后面横线上写出该加的词。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在后面横线上写出修改后的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）或横线（—）划掉，并在后面横线上写出删除的词。
例：
1. Now people get a lot ∧ information from TV. of
2. German is a European country. Germany
3. We waited for a news of him. 去掉 a
Last year, I did not like my English class. Every class was like bad dream. 1. ____46____
The teacher spoke such quickly that I did not understand her most of the time. 2. ____47____
But I was afraid to ask questions because my poor pronunciation. 3. ____48____
I just hide behind my textbook and never said anything. 4. ____49____
Then one day I watched an English movie call Toy Story. 5. ____50____
I fell in love with this excited and funny movie! 6. ____51____
So I began to watch the other English movies, too. 7. ____52____
Although I could not understand everything the characters said, but their body language and the expression on their
faces helped me to get the meaning. 8. ____53____
My pronunciation improved as well by listen to the conversations in English movies. 9. ____54____
I discovered that listen to something interesting was useful. 10. _____55_____
【答案】46. bad前加a 47. such—so
48. because后加of 49. hide—hid
50. call—called
51. excited—exciting
52. 去掉the
53. 去掉Although/去掉but
54. listen—listening
55. listen—listening
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了我通过看英语电影提高了自己的英语。
【46题详解】
Every class was like bad dream.“每节课都像噩梦一样”。根据“Every class”和“bad dream”可知，
dream“梦”，为可数名词，此处为单数形式，故应在名词短语前加不定冠词，bad以辅音音素开头，故应在其前加a。故填bad前加a。
【47题详解】
The teacher spoke such quickly that I did not understand her most of the time.“老师讲得太快了，以致于大部分
时间我都听不懂”。结合语境和“quickly that”可知，“太……以致于……”的英文表达为“so+形容词或
副词+that...”或“such+名词或名词短语+that...”，由于quickly为副词，故此处应把such改为so。故填such
—so。
【48题详解】
But I was afraid to ask questions because my poor pronunciation.“但我不敢问问题，因为我的发音很差”。根
据“my poor pronunciation”可知，这是一个短语，而because“因为”后应接句子，because of“因为”后才接
单词或短语，故应在because后加of。故填because后加of。
【49题详解】
I just hide behind my textbook and never said anything.“我只是躲在课本后面，什么也不说”。结合语境和
“said”可知，句子为一般过去时，根据“I just hide behind my textbook and never said anything”可知，and为
并列连词，前后成分应保持一致，动词hide和said时态应一致，hide“躲藏”是动词原形，故应把hide改成
其过去式hid。故填hide—hid。
【50题详解】
Then one day I watched an English movie call Toy Story.“后来有一天我看了一部名叫《玩具总动员》的英文
电影”。根据“an English movie call Toy Story”可知，“an English movie”和“call”为被动关系，分析句子
成分可知，此处的call为非谓语动词，非谓语动词表被动，应用过去分词，故应把call改为called。故填
call—called。
【51题详解】
I fell in love with this excited and funny movie!“我爱上了这部令人兴奋且有趣的电影”。根据“excited and
funny movie”可知，excited“感到兴奋的”，用于修饰人，而此处形容词修饰的是movie“电影”，故应用
exciting“令人兴奋的”。故填excited—exciting。
【52题详解】
So I began to watch the other English movies, too.“所以我也开始看其他的英语电影”。根据“watch the other
English movies”可知，“the other+名词复数”表示“另一部分的”，而此处想表达“其他的”，其英文为
other+名词复数，故应去掉the。故填：去掉but。
【53题详解】
Although I could not understand everything the characters said, but their body language and the expression on their
faces helped me to get the meaning.“虽然我不能理解所有角色说的话，但他们的肢体语言和脸上的表情帮助
我理解了意思”。根据“Although...but...”可知，英语中although/though和but不能同时出现在同一个句子中，故此处应该去掉Although或去掉but。故填：去掉Although/去掉but。
【54题详解】
My pronunciation improved as well by listen to the conversations in English movies.“通过听英语电影中的对话，
我的发音也得到了提高”。根据“by”可知，其为介词，表示“通过”，故其后接动词时，应用动名词形
式，故应把listen改成listening。故填listen—listening。
【55题详解】
I discovered that listen to something interesting was useful.“我发现听一些有趣的东西是有用的”。根据“I
discovered that listen to something interesting was useful”可知，that后为一个宾语从句，从句的主语为“听一
些有趣的东西”，故此处应把listen改为listening，即动名词短语作主语。故填listen—listening。
七、写作。（共1小题；共10分）
56. 随着科技的发展，越来越多的电子设备逐渐进入我们的生活中。平板电脑(ipad)既可以帮助我们学
习知识，又可以用来玩电子游戏。请你用英文写一篇短文，谈谈中学生在校使用平板电脑的利与弊，以及
你对这个问题的看法。80—120词左右。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
With the development of technology, more and more electronic products are used in our daily lives.
Now many students have ipads and they think it’s a fashion to use them. Using the ipad, they can listen to music,
download a lot of learning materials and read them on the screen.
Some students, however, bring their ipads to the classroom and listen to music without earphones, which makes theteacher and other students greatly annoyed. Some of them even waste precious time in class playing video games.
In my opinion, as students, we should make good use of the ipad to help achieve academic success.
Furthermore, the school should make a rule to guide the students to use the ipad in a proper way.
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇说明文，为话题作文；
② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③ 提示：根据所给提示完成写作，可适当发挥，确保语句通顺，无单词语法错误。
[写作步骤]
第一步，具体介绍学生在校使用平板电脑的利与弊；
第二步，介绍你对这个问题的看法。
[亮点词汇]
①with the development of随着……的发展
②in my opinion在我看来
③furthermore而且
[高分句型]
Some students, however, bring their ipads to the classroom and listen to music without earphones, which makes the
teacher and other students greatly annoyed.（which引导的非限制性定语从句）
