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2023 年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(人教版 2019)
必修第三册 Unit 4 基础练习
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which might add to the meaning I attach
________ them.
2. Writing a poem of 120 words will result ________ disqualification.
3.It’s not what happens to us that ________(determine) our lives—it’s what we make of what happens.
4. Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from blindness for lack ________ proper treatment.
5. With a broader perspective, we will be more free, more open-minded, and less ________ (limit)in what we can
become!
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. Despite ____________________, he got the job.
他虽然经验不足, 但还是获得了这份工作。
2. Something are ____________________, but you can learn much from them.
有些事你无法控制, 但却可以从中学到很多。
3. ____________________, he failed again in the driving test.
让他很失望的是, 他这一次又没有通过驾驶测试。
4. It is unwise for the students to ____________________ the exam.
对学生来说, 过分重视考试是不明智的。
5. After he left, I just tried to ____________________ as normal.
他离开之后, 我就像往常一样继续努力干。
III.语法填空
People have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt 1.
_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, 2. _________ the help of scientists, people
succeeded in realizing their dream 3. _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite 4.
_________ (launch) by the USSR. 5. _________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can
still happen. These disasters made everyone 6. _________ (disappoint), but people still believe in the importance
of 7. _________ (carry)on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to 8.
_________(independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed 9. _________ secondmanned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future 10. _________
(discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.
IV. 阅读理解
A new study suggests that dark markings on the planet Mars represent sand—not water. The research in 2015
suggested that lines on some Martian hills were evidence of water. Yet American scientists now say these lines
appear more like dry, flows of sand. If water is present, it is likely to be a small amount. Water in liquid form
would be necessary for microbial(微生物的) life.
NASA, the American space agency, said more research is needed. Michael Meyer is the lead scientist for
NASA’s Mars exploration programme. He noted that the latest study does not reject the presence of water. But he
admitted, “It just may not be as exciting as the idea of rivers going down the sides of cliffs(悬崖). ”
The new findings come from a team led by Colin Dundas of the United States Geological Survey. His team
measured 151 of these lines in 10 areas. Most of the lines end with slopes between 28 degrees and 35 degrees.
These measurements are similar to active sand dunes(沙丘) on both Mars and Earth. A small covering of dust that
moves and sometimes becomes lighter might help explain the markings. They usually appear in the Martian
summertime, and then disappear until the next year. If these lines are dry, this suggests that recent Mars has not
had large volumes of liquid water. Dundas and his research team say that many questions remain.
“I still think that Mars has a great potential for having had life early on in its history, ” Meyer said. “As long
as that’s true, we also have a reasonable possibility of life still being on Mars. It just happens to be cryptic or
well hidden. ”
NASA currently has no robotic vehicle—either on Mars or in development—with the ability to climb steep
slopes. The lack of such equipment has engineers coming up with ideas like Martian helicopters or planes without
pilots.
1. What do American scientists find on Mars now according to their study?
A. A lot of little life.
B. An amount of water.
C. Some Martian hills.
D. Dark markings are sand.
2. When do the markings come out?
A. In Martian spring. B. In Martian summer.
C. In Martian autumn. D. In Martian winter.3. What’s Meyer’s opinion about having life on Mars?
A. Doubtful. B. Trustful.
C. Indifferent. D. Objective.
4. What does the underlined word “cryptic” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Undiscovered. B. Strange.
C. Magical. D. Icy.
V. 七选五
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Gratitude (感恩)makes everything more special. It connects you to where you are and who you are with and
what you are doing. Read the following tips for developing gratitude. 1 , you will truly get the benefits.
※ Write in a diary every morning and declare how you want to feel that day. 2 . This puts me in a
receiving way so that I can better attract my dreams and desires by taking subconscious (潜意识的)and conscious
steps toward choices that serve my ambitions.
※Go on a walk. Walking—with zero social media disturbance—is a gateway to gratitude. I walk my dog in
the morning, walk through my neighborhood, and mentally express gratitude for everything I can think of during
the walk. 3 .
※ 4 , do it physically. This means sitting down and taking a moment to feel gratitude in every area of your
body. I work my way up my body, beginning with my feet and working up toward the rest of my body, bones,
and organs, until I reach my head. This is a great place to start if you’re feeling extra low!
※Next time you’re with a group of friends or even strangers, ask them to go around and say what they’re
grateful for. 5 . I am always so happy, surprised, and amazed at how open and appreciative people are for
the inquiry.
A. I use the 5-minute diary
B. This is something I do regularly
C. If you’re wondering how to express gratitude
D. If you can make the time for this simple practice
E. If you’re having trouble expressing gratitude mentally
F. It is important to make use of the time to make friends
G. It’s the perfect time to set up your brain for positive thinking
VI. 完形填空The lions and leopards(豹) of a national park in India normally do not get along. They 1 each other for
space and food. But about a year ago, a young lioness in the park 2 a baby leopard.
The 2-month-old baby with brown ears and blue eyes was 3 , and the lioness spent weeks nursing, 4
and caring for him until he died. She treated him as if he were one of her own two sons, who were about the same
age. This was a 5 case of cross-species adoption in the wild, and the only documented example involving
animals that are normally 6 .
7 , the park workers thought the association would be brief, but this went on. The family were 8 to
tour the park. The lioness took care of the baby, and 9 meat that she hunted. The new brothers played with
him and occasionally followed him up trees. This unlikely 1 0 was surely amazing.
Although this adoption was puzzling, it highlights the 11 between the two species. Until they reach
young adulthood, when social differences 1 2 , lions and leopards play and beg for milk in similar ways. For
this mother lioness, she may have 13 the baby’s more leopard-like features—his smell, size and spotted
appearance. He just jumped in.
The 14 of the inter species adoption in the wild would be sweet enough for a children’s book, yet
15 enough to attract scientists.
1. A. put up with B. take advantage of
C. depend on D. fight with
2. A. scared B. adopted
C. spotted D. attacked
3. A. lazy B. brave
C. weak D. dangerous
4. A. feeding B. checking
C. following D. dressing
5. A. simple B. typical
C. famous D. rare
6. A. friends B. competitors
C. partners D. neighbors
7. A. Initially B. Luckily
C. Certainly D. Unexpectedly
8. A. expected B. observed
C. persuaded D. pushed9. A. cooked B. packed
C. shared D. burned
10. A. experience B. affair
C. agreement D. connection
11. A. communication B. similarities
C. behavior D. differences
12. A. emerge B. remain
C. recover D. survive
13. A. compared B. disliked
C. ignored D. protected
14. A. incident B. experience
C. report D. tale
15. A. strange B. caring
C. reliable D. moving
VII. 读后续写
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Anne Glancey, a retired school teacher, received notice from the city of Hamilton Township that she
would be fined up to $3, 000 per day for code violations(违规) and repairs that needed to be made to her home,
she didn’t know what to do. She did not have the money to pay for the repairs, and she had no family or friends
she could ask for help.
The only contact she regularly made with others was with her neighbors of five years, Adam and Kristin
Polhemus. Anne showed the letter to them which explained that she needed to scrape(刮) and paint her house,
remove the abandoned and rusted car in her yard, and cut the grass. These were three violations in total, each with
a fine of no more than$1, 000, per day, per violation. Anne had grown up in the house, and the letter made her
upset. She didn’t know what she was going to do and she couldn’t do this herself. “Anne, we’ll help you get this
fixed, ”Adam said.
Kristin posted a call for volunteers to help make repairs and paint Anne’s house on Facebook. Her post read as
follows:
Hamilton area friends! Are you free for a few hours this weekend? We need you! Adam and I could use
your help for some painting at the home of our elderly neighbor, Anne. As you know, she received a heavy fine
and she’s on a deadline to scrape and repaint her home to avoid the fine. She’s limited in funds and the physicalability to do the work, and we’d love nothing more than to show her we care. We really do need your help; we
only have a few people right now and we’re hoping for about 20 volunteers to make this happen. THANK YOU!
注意: 续写词数应为150左右。
Anne, Adam and Kristin were overjoyed at the response.
Anne decided to do something in return.
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1.While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which might add to the meaning I
attach to them.
2. Writing a poem of 120 words will result in disqualification.
3. It’s not what happens to us that determines(determine) our lives—it’s what we make of what happens.
4. Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from blindness for lack of proper treatment.
5. With a broader perspective, we will be more free, more open-minded, and less limited (limit)in what we can
become!
Ⅱ. 1. Despite his lack of experience, he got the job.
2. Something are beyond control, but you can learn much from them.
3. To his great disappointment, he failed again in the driving test.
4. It is unwise for the students to attach too much importance to the exam.
5. After he left, I just tried to carry on as normal.III.
People have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt 1.
travelling (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, 2. with the help of scientists, people succeeded
in realizing their dream 3. to explore (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite 4. was launched
(launch) by the USSR. 5. Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen.
These disasters made everyone 6. disappointed (disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of 7.
carrying (carry)on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to 8. independently(independent)
send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed 9. a second manned orbit and the first Chinese
spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future 10. discoveries (discovery) will not only enable us to
understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.
IV. 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了美国科学家的一项新的研究发现: 火星上黑色的标记是沙子而不是水。
1. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知, 科学家发现火星上的黑色标记是沙子不是水。故
选D。
2. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第三句可知, 这样的标记会出现在火星的夏季。故选B。
3. 【解析】选B。观点态度题。根据第四段内容可推知, Meyer还是相信火星上有生命。故选B。
4. 【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据句中的or well hidden可知, cryptic的意思是“隐藏的; 没被发现
的”。故选A。
V. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。懂得感恩让一切变得更特别, 如何才能具有感恩之心呢? 文章介绍了
如何培养感恩之心的四条建议。
1. 【解析】选D。空后为逗号, 后面另起一个简单句, 根据句子 结构判断应从C、D、E项中选择一个状
语从句。结合句意判断应选 D 项, this simple practice 即指 developing gratitude。句意: 如果你能拿出时间
做一下这个简单的练习, 你将会真正地受益。
2. 【解析】选A。根据上文的diary判断应选A项, 表示“我使用五分钟日记”, 下文的This即指“五分钟
日记”。
3. 【解析】选G。根据上文语境判断应选G项, 表示“这是让你的大脑积极思考的好时光”, “这段好时
光”即指散步的时候。
4. 【解析】选E。空后为逗号, 后面另起一个祈使句, 根据句子 结构判断应从C、D、E项中选择一个状
语从句。E项中的mentally与空后的physically相呼应, 所以应选E项。句意: 如果你在心理上难以表达感
激之情, 那就从身体上表达吧。5. 【解析】选B。根据上下文语境判断应选B项, 选项中的 This即指上句的内容。句意: (下次当你和一群
朋友甚至陌生人在一起时, 让他们四处走走, 说出他们的感激之情)这是我经常做的事情。
VI. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一个公园中一只母狮子收养了一只两个月大的小豹, 母狮
子花了几个星期的时间来照料它, 喂养它, 直到它死去。她对待它就像对待自己两个儿子一样。这是一个
罕见的野生跨物种领养案例。
1. 【解析】选D。句意: 它们为了空间和食物而互相争斗。 put up with忍受; take advantage of利用; depend
on取决于; fight with争斗, 作战。结合上文The lions and leopards of a national park in India normally do not
get along. 可知狮子和豹子通常不会和睦相处, 它们会为空间和食物而相互争斗。故选D。
2. 【解析】选B。句意: 但是大约一年前, 公园里的一只年轻狮子收养了一只小豹子。 scared使害怕;
adopted收养; spotted发现; attacked攻击。根据第二段中She treated him as if he were one of her own two
sons, who were about the same age. 可知年轻狮子收养了一只小豹子。故选B。
3. 【解析】选C。句意: 这只2个月大、棕色耳朵、蓝色眼睛的小豹子非常虚弱, 母狮子花了几个星期的
时间来看护它, 喂养它, 照顾它, 直到它死去。lazy懒惰的; brave勇敢的; weak虚弱的; dangerous危险的。
结合上文The 2-month-old baby可知小豹子才两个月大, 很虚弱。故选C。
4. 【解析】选A。句意: 这只2个月大、棕色耳朵、蓝色眼睛的小豹子非常虚弱, 母狮子花了几个星期的
时间来看护它, 喂养它, 照顾它, 直到它死去。feeding喂养; checking检查; following跟随; dressing穿衣。
结合后文and caring for him可知母狮子给小豹子喂食、照顾它直到它死去。故选A。
5. 【解析】选D。句意: 这是一个罕见的野生跨物种领养案例, 也是唯一一个有记载的涉及通常是竞争对
手的动物的案例。simple简单的; typical典型的; famous出名的; rare罕见的, 稀有的。根据后文case of
cross-species adoption in the wild可知野生跨物种领养是一个罕见案例。故选D。
6.【解析】选B。friends朋友; competitors竞争对手; partners伙伴; neighbors邻居。根据第一段中The lions
and leopards of a national park in India normally do not get along. 可知狮子和豹子本来是竞争对手, 故选B。
7.【解析】选A。Initially起初; Luckily幸运地; Certainly当然; Unexpectedly意外地。结合后文the park
workers thought the association would be brief, but this went on. 可知起初公园工作人员认为这种联系会很简
短, 但事情继续下去了。故选A。
8. 【解析】选B。句意: 人们观察到这一家子在公园里逗游。expected预期; observed观察; persuaded说
服; pushed推。结合后文to tour the park可知母狮子和幼崽这一家子被人们观察到在公园里逗游。故选B。
9. 【解析】选C。cooked烹饪; packed包装; shared分享; burned燃烧。结合上文The lioness took care of
the baby可知母狮子给小豹子分享自己猎取到的肉。故选C。10.【解析】选D。句意: 这种不太可能的联系肯定是惊人的。experience经历; affair事情; agreement协议;
connection联系, 连接。本来是竞争对手的两个物种, 结果母狮子却收养了一只小豹子还成为了一个家庭,
这种联系让人觉得不可思议。故选D。
11. 【解析】选B。句意: 尽管这种收养令人费解, 但它突出了这两个物种之间的相似性。communication
交流; similarities相似性; behavior行为; differences差异。根据后文lions and leopards play and beg for milk in
similar ways. 可知这两个物种之间存在一定的相似性。故选B。
12.【解析】选A。句意: 狮子和豹子以相似的方式玩耍和讨奶, 直到它们进入成年期, 那时社会差异就显现
出来了。emerge显现; remain保持; recover恢复; survive幸存。结合上文Until they reach young adulthood,
when social differences可知直到狮子和豹子进入成年期, 他们的社会差异就会显现出来。故选A。
13. 【解析】选C。句意: 对于这只母狮子来说, 她可能忽略了小豹子更像豹子特征——他的气味、大小和
有斑点的外表。compared比较; disliked不喜欢; ignored忽视; protected保护。结合后文the baby’s more
leopard-like features— his smell, size and spotted appearance可知母狮子收养小豹子是因为她忽略了小豹子
的豹子特征。故选C。
14. 【解析】选D。句意: 对于一本儿童读物来说, 野生动物间的跨物种领养故事足够可爱, 但又足够奇怪
到吸引科学家。incident事件; experience经历; report报告; tale故事, 神话。结合后文for a children’s book可
知野生动物间的跨物种领养更像是会出现在儿童读物里的故事。故选D。
15. 【解析】选A。strange陌生的; caring关心他人的; reliable可靠的; moving移动的。第二段中case of
cross-species adoption in the wild提到跨物种领养本来就是个罕见的案例, 所以对于科学家来说, 野生动物间
跨物种领养是很奇怪的。故选A。
VII. 【参考范文】
Anne, Adam and Kristin were overjoyed at the response. More than 25 kind neighbors showed up over
several weekends to volunteer and donate supplies. The volunteers brought their own supplies and tools,
repainted the house and donated the old and rusty unused car to the charity organizations. All work was done for
free. During the break, Anne made and served homemade orange juice and her family’s special carrot cakes to the
volunteers.
Anne decided to do something in return. She spent a whole week preparing a gathering to express thanks to
those who offered her the kind help. Then she invited them to come. That day, it was amazing that nearly all the
volunteer neighbors came. They talked happily like family members. Before the party ended, Anne presented
each with a love card and they took a photo together, Anne posted the photo including these words: When we
come together to love and help each other, we can make a beautiful difference.
