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目录
一、复习目标...........................................................................................................2
二、考点梳理...........................................................................................................2
考点1 —What’s the matter?你怎么了？....................................................................................2
—I have a stomachache. 我胃疼。(八下Unit 1 P1).....................................................2
❆询问“某人怎么了？”相关句型......................................................................................2
考点2 I think you should lie down and rest. 我认为你应该躺下休息。(八下Unit 1 P2)4
❆lie与lay辨析.......................................................................................................................4
考点3 As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯
于冒险。(八下Unit1 P6)....................................................................................................5
❆used相关短语辨析..............................................................................................................5
考点5 This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of.这意
味着处于一个你似乎无法摆脱的困境之中。(八下Unit1 P6)........................................7
考点6 Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today.
在遭遇意外后阿伦没有放弃，并且如今继续登山。(八下Unit 1 P7)..........................8
❆ give up相关用法...............................................................................................................8
考点7 We can’t put off making a plan. 我们不能推迟制定计划的时间了。(八下 Unit 2
P10).................................................................................................................................................9
❆ put off相关用法................................................................................................................9
考点 8 Yeah, a lot of old people are lonely．是啊，很多老人都很孤独。(八下 Unit2
P10)...............................................................................................................................................10
❆ alone与lonely辨析.........................................................................................................10
考点 9 For example,we can make plans to visit sick children in the hospital or raise
money for homeless people.例如，我们可以制定计划去医院看望生病的孩子们或者
为无家可归的人筹钱。(八下Unit 2 P12)......................................................................11
❆ raise与rise 辨析..............................................................................................................11
考点10 Or imagine you can’t walk or use your hands easily.或者想象一下你无法行走或
者随意使用你的双手。(八下Unit2 P14)....................................................................13
❆imagine相关用法..............................................................................................................13
三、好题冲关.........................................................................................................14
1、基础过关.................................................................................................................................14
2、能力提升.................................................................................................................................17
3、真题感知.................................................................................................................................21
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人教版八年级下册
Units 1-2 核心知识点精讲
一、复习目标
1.重点单词的含义及用法：matter；stomachache；foot；neck；stomach；throat；
fever；lie；rest；cough；X-ray；toothache；headache；break；hurt；passenger；off；
onto；trouble；hit；herself；sick；knee；ourselves；climber；risk；situation；kilo；
rock；knife；blood；mean；importance；decision；control；spirit；death；nurse；
cheer；volunteer；sign；notice；lonely；several；strong；feeling；satisfaction；joy；
词汇
owner；journey；raise；alone；repair；fix；broken；wheel；letter；Miss；disabled；
blind；deaf；imagine；difficulty；open；door；carry；train；excited；training；
kindness；clever；understand；change；interest；sir；madam
2.易混词辨析：lie与lay；run out与run out of； alone与lonely； raise与rise
1.询问“某人怎么了?”相关句型
句型
2.用情态动词should提建议的相关句型
重点语法 动词不定式用法
二、考点梳理
考点1 —What's the matter?你怎么了？
—I have a stomachache. 我胃疼。(八下Unit 1 P1)
❆询问“某人怎么了？”相关句型
What’s the matter?=What’s wrong/the trouble?用来询问病情或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题。其后跟询问的对象
时，与介词 with 连用。答语常为表示身体状况或者用来表达所处困境的句式。如：
—What’s wrong with the boy?这个男孩怎么了？
—He has a cold.他感冒了。
【拓展】
询问“某人怎么了？”,常用以下句型：
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【注意】
此类句型中，matter，problem 前需加定冠词the，trouble前可加the或形容词性物主代词；wrong是形容词，
其前不加任何修饰词。
【拓展】
例：I have a matter to discuss with you.我有件事情要和你商量。
It doesn't matter.没关系。
【注意】
1.It doesn’t matter. 没关系；不要紧，一般用于回答对方的道歉，此时等于That’s OK./That’s all right./All
right.
2.no matter 无论 +由when、where、who、how等引导的从句。
例：Don’t open the door, no matter who comes. 无论谁来都别开门。
（2022·西藏·统考中考真题）— You look a little pale. ________?
—I’m not feeling well. I have a cold.
A．What should I do B．How about you C．What’s the matter D．How do you do
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你看起来有点苍白。怎么了？——我感觉不舒服。我感冒了。
考查情景交际。What should I do我该怎么办；How about you你呢；What’s the matter怎么了；How do you
do你好。根据“You look a little pale”可知对方看起来脸色苍白，应该要问对方怎么了，故选C。
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1.（2020·山东济南·统考中考真题）—Tony, what’s ________ matter with you?
—I have ________ toothache.
A．a; the B．the; a C．/; the D．the; /
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——托尼，你怎么了？——我牙痛。
考查冠词用法。第一句是固定句式what’s the matter“怎么了”；第二句是固定短语have a toothache“牙痛”。
故选B。
2.（2022·重庆石柱·重庆市石柱中学校校考二模）My teacher has a headache today. (对划线部分提问)
with your teacher?
【答案】 What’s wrong
考点2 I think you should lie down and rest. 我认为你应该躺下休息。(八下Unit 1 P2)
❆lie与lay辨析
单词 含义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
lie(vi.) 躺；位于 lay lain lying
lie(vi.) 说谎 lied lied lying
lay(vt.) 放置；下蛋 laid laid laying
【例句】
He lay on the beach. 他躺在沙滩上。
The cinema lies in the center of the city. 电影院位于市中心。
She lied to her mother. 她对她妈妈撒谎了。
He laid the egg on the table carefully. 他小心地把鸡蛋放在桌子上。
The cock never lays eggs. 大公鸡从不下蛋。
【图解】
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（2023·江苏无锡·统考二模）How can I trust you? You’ve (lie) to me again and again.
【答案】lied
1.（2023·甘肃武威·校考模拟预测）Look! The girl is (lie) on the floor.
【答案】lying
2．（2023·黑龙江佳木斯·统考三模）He (lie) on his back and looked up at the sky.
【答案】lay
考点3 As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。(八下
Unit1 P6)
❆used相关短语辨析
短语 含义及用法
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事，to为动词不定式符号
be/get used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事，to是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词
be used to do sth./
被用来做某事(动词不定式作目的状语；for短语表示用
途)
be used for doing sth.
be used as sth. 被用作……(as意为“作为”)
be used by sb. 被某人使用(by后是动作的执行者)
【例句】
He used to get up at 7 o’clock. 他过去常常 7 点起床。
They’ve got used to living in the countryside. 他们已习惯于住在乡村。
The machine is used to cut things.=The machine is used for cutting things. 这台机器是用来切割东西的。
English is used as a foreign language in China. 在中国，英语被用作一门外语。
Smartphones are used by many people all over the world. 全世界许多人都使用智能手机。
（2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）The second “Tiangong Lecture” kicked off! Bing Dwen Dwen ________ a
teaching tool!
A．is used for B．was used for C．is used as D．was used as
【答案】D
【详解】句意：第二届“天宫讲座”拉开帷幕！冰墩墩被用作教学工具！
考查动词短语和时态。be used for被用于做某事，表示用途；be used as被用作……，表示身份或工具。根
据“kicked”可知时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，排除A，C；结合“Bing Dwen
Dwen ... a teaching tool!”可知，冰墩墩被当作教学工具使用，故选D。
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（2024·四川泸州·四川省泸县第四中学校考一模）Ann used to ________ here. But now she is used to________
in Beijing.
A．live; living B．living; live C．lived; living D．lives; live
【答案】A
【详解】句意：安过去常常住在这儿。但是现在她习惯住在北京了。
考查动词短语辨析。used to do sth.过去常常做某事；be used to doing sth.习惯做某事；故选A。
考点4 But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own
life. 但当他的水喝完时，他明白必须做些什么来拯救自己了。(八下Unit1 P6)
❆run out与run out of辨析
意思 区别
(某物)用完， 不及物动词词组，后面不能接宾语，不用于被动语态，以主动形式表被
run out
不多了 动，主语通常是时间、金钱等无生命事物
run out o 用完(某物) 及物动词词组，后面需加宾语，主语必须是人，相当于use up,多用于进
f 行时或完成时
例：Our time is running out. 我们的时间要用完了。
What do you plan to do when your money runs out? 当你的钱用完了，你打算做什么?
I have run out of my money. 我已经用完了我的钱。
（2023·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）The energy from the sun and the wind costs little and will never ________.
A．turn out B．put out C．cut out D．run out
【答案】D
【详解】句意：来自太阳和风能的能源成本很低，而且永远不会耗尽。
考查动词短语。turn out结果是；put out扑灭；cut out切断；run out用完，耗尽。根据“The energy from
the sun and the wind”可知，此处指风能和太阳能永远不会耗尽。故选D。
（2022·江苏苏州·校考一模）—Have you ________ food?
—Yes. Our food ________, so we must buy some in the supermarket.
A．run out of; has run out B．run out of; has run out of
C．run out; has run out D．run out; has been run out
【答案】A
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【详解】句意：——你们的食物吃完了吗？——是的。我们的食物吃完了，所以我们必须在超市买一些。
考查动词短语。固定短语sb. run(s) out of sth.意为“某人用光某物”，主语为人；sth. run(s) out意为“某物
用完了”，主语为物。空一表示“你们吃完食物了吗”，用run out of，排除C、D选项。空二表示“食物
用完了”，用has run out。故选A。
考点5 This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of.这意味着处于一个
你似乎无法摆脱的困境之中。(八下Unit1 P6)
❆mean相关用法
【例句】
The word “friend” means “朋友”. 单词“friend”的意思是“朋友”。
My new job means traveling around the world. 我的新工作需要在世界各地跑。
I mean to visit my English teacher tomorrow. 我打算明天去拜访我的英语老师。
I mean that we have to leave early. 我的意思是我们必须早些离开。
What do you mean by saying the words? 你说那些话是什么意思？
【拓展】
①meaning (n.)意思(可数/不可数)
例：The word has many meanings. 这个单词有很多种意思。
②means (n.)方式/方法/手段(单复同形)
例：There are no means of getting there. 有很多到达那里的方式。
（2023·内蒙古包头·校考三模）Cleaning before the Spring Festival means away the bad luck of the
old year. (sweep)
【答案】sweeping
They mean ________(take) the taxi to the hospital.
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【答案】to take
考点6 Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today.在遭遇意外后
阿伦没有放弃，并且如今继续登山。(八下Unit 1 P7)
❆ give up相关用法
give up 意为“放弃”，为“动词+副词”构成的短语。既可单独使用，也可接名词、代词或动名词作宾语
(give up doing sth.意为“放弃做某事”)；当代词作宾语时，要将代词放在 give 与 up 之间，名词作宾语
放在中间或后面均可。如：
David has decided to give up football at the end of this year. 戴维已经决定今年年底就不再踢足球了。
Although math is very difficult,don’t give it up. 虽然数学很难，但是不要放弃它。
Why don’t you give up smoking? 你为什么不戒烟?
【拓展】
与 give 有关的常考短语：
（2023·江苏泰州·中考真题）Most neighbours ________ the habit of square dancing to create a quieter
environment for us.
A．get into B．care about C．carry on D．give up
【答案】D
【详解】句意：为了给我们创造一个更安静的环境，大多数邻居都放弃了跳广场舞的习惯。
考查动词短语辨析。get into陷入；care about关心；carry on继续；give up放弃。根据“Most
neighbours...the habit of square dancing to create a quieter environment for us.”可知，创造更安静的环境，所以
是放弃跳广场舞，故选D。
（2022·河北邯郸·校考模拟预测）他从来没有放弃他的梦想。
He never his dream.
【答案】 gives/gave up
考点7 We can’t put off making a plan. 我们不能推迟制定计划的时间了。(八下 Unit 2 P10)
❆ put off相关用法
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put off 意为“推迟”，其后可接名词、代词或动名词作宾语(put off doing sth.意为“推迟做某事”)；当代词
作宾语时，要将代词放在 put 与 off 之间，名词作宾语放在中间或后面均可。
【例句】
They decided to put the meeting off until after Christmas. 他们决定把会议推迟到圣诞节以后。
They put off the match because of the heavy rain. 因为大雨他们推迟了比赛。
Please don’t put off doing your homework. 请你们不要拖着不做作业。
【拓展】
与 put 有关的常考短语：
（2023·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题）—How was your camping in Sifeng Mountain last weekend?
—It was great. We ________ our tents on the top of the mountain and enjoyed ourselves.
A．put up B．put off C．put on D．put away
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——上周末你在四峰山露营怎么样啊？——太棒了。我们在山顶搭起了帐篷，玩得很开心。
考查动词短语。put up搭起；put off推迟；put on穿上；put away收拾。根据“our tent”可知此处应用动词
短语put up one’s tent表示“搭帐篷”。故选A。
1.（2023·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·统考二模）—It’s going to rain tomorrow. Will we have the school trip ?
—Maybe it will be ________ till next week.
A．put on B．put up C．put away D．put off
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——明天要下雨。我们会去学校旅行吗？——也许会推迟到下周。
考查动词短语。put on增加；put up张贴；put away收起来放好；put off推迟。根据“It’s going to rain
tomorrow.”可知，此处指因为下雨，学校旅行可能会推迟。故选D。
2.If it rains tomorrow,I will put off _________(leave) for Beijing.
【答案】leaving
考点8 Yeah, a lot of old people are lonely．是啊，很多老人都很孤独。(八下Unit2 P10)
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❆ alone与lonely辨析
单词 用法
lonely只用作形容词，它在句中既可作定语，也可作表语，表示“孤独的；寂寞的；偏僻
lonely
的”。该词带有浓厚的感情色彩
alone用作形容词时，只作表语和后置定语，意为“只，只有，仅仅；孤身一人的”；
alone
alone用作副词时，表示“独自地；单独地”。alone相当于by oneself，在句中作方式状语
【例句】
I was traveling alone in the lonely island.I didn’t feel lonely though I was alone.
我独自在人迹罕至的岛上旅行。虽然孤身一人，但我并不感到寂寞。
【注意】
lonely是形容词，容易被误认为是副词的类似形容词还有 friendly“友好的”，motherly“慈母般的”，
brotherly“兄弟似的”，lovely“可爱的”，lively“鲜艳的；生气勃勃的”等。
（2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）— The old man lives ________, so he may feel ________.
— We should visit him twice a month.
A．alone; lonely B．lonely; alone C．alone; alone
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——这位老人独自生活，所以他可能会感到孤独。——我们应该一个月去看他两次。
考查词义辨析。alone独自，副词；lonely孤独的，有一定的感情色彩。第一空是修饰动词lives，应用副词
alone；第二空表示感到孤独，应用lonely，故选A。
（2023·贵州铜仁·校考一模）The old man lives _______, but he doesn’t feel _______.
A．alone, alone B．alone, lonely
C．lonely, alone D．lonely, lonely
【答案】B
【详解】句意：这位老人独自生活，但他并不感到孤独。
考查词义辨析。alone独自地；lonely孤单的。第一空修饰动词lives，应填副词alone；feel是连系动词，后
接形容词作表语，故选B。
考点 9 For example,we can make plans to visit sick children in the hospital or raise money for
homeless people.例如，我们可以制定计划去医院看望生病的孩子们或者为无家可归的人筹钱。(八
下Unit 2 P12)
❆ raise与rise 辨析
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【图解】
（2023·江苏常州·校考一模）Although a great deal of money ________ at the charity show last month, the cost
of living in the poor area ________ quickly, so we still need to do much work to help the poor people.
A．was raised; is risingB．was raised; were raised
C．rose; were raised D．rose; has risen
【答案】A
【详解】句意：虽然慈善义演筹集了大量资金，但在贫穷地区，生活成本却上涨得很快，因此，我们仍然
需要做很多工作来帮助穷人。
考查动词辨析。raise筹集，及物动词；rise上升，不及物动词。第一空根据“a great deal of money at the
charity show last month,”可知，这里动作应该是发生在过去，而且money是动作的承受者，句子使用被动语
态，应该是一般过去时的被动语态：were/was+动词的过去分词，故第一空是was raised；第二空根据“the
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cost of living in the poor area”可知，物价上涨描述的是正在发生的事情，需用现在进行时。故选A。
（2023·江苏扬州·校联考二模）The bird ________ into the air and flew away.
A．rises B．rose C．raises D．raised
【答案】B
【详解】句意：鸟腾空而起，飞走了。
考查动词辨析及动词时态。rise上升，不及物动词；raise升起，及物动词。根据“into the air”可知，此处
应用rise表示升到空中；又由“flew”可知，时态为一般过去时。故选B。
考点10 Or imagine you can’t walk or use your hands easily.或者想象一下你无法行走或者随意使用你
的双手。(八下Unit2 P14)
❆imagine相关用法
【例句】
I can’t imagine life without the computer. 我无法想象没有电脑的生活。
She imagined walking into the school again. 她想象着又一次走进校园。
You can imagine that you have just won a million pounds. 你可以想象一下你刚刚赢得了一百万英镑。
（2022·江苏无锡·校考二模）Have you imagined (be) able to touch the person by making video
calls?
【答案】being
（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第四十七中学校考三模）Every student along with some teachers ________
excited to go to the nursing home, and they always imagine ________ the old there.
A．is; helping B．are; to help C．is; help
【答案】A
【详解】句意：每个学生和一些老师都很兴奋去养老院，他们总是想象在那里帮助老人。
考查主谓一致及非谓语动词。根据“Every student along with some teachers”可知采用就远一致原则，
“student”是单数，be动词用is；imagine doing sth.“想象做某事”，第二空用helping。故选A。
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三、好题冲关
1、基础过关
一、用所给提示填空
1．（2023·甘肃定西·校考三模）He has a (tooth). He should see a dentist.
【答案】toothache
2．（2022·广西南宁·校联考一模）People in the USA often use (knife) and forks to eat meals.
【答案】knives
3．（2020·江苏扬州·扬州教育学院附中校考一模）It’s said that more than five people were burned to
in the big fire. (die)
【答案】death
4．（2023·四川眉山·统考模拟预测）Last weekend, the girl went to the hospital and c up the sick kids
by telling jokes.
【答案】(c)heered
5.（2022·江苏徐州·统考一模）I had my old bicycle (fix) up in order to give it away to charity.
【答案】fixed
6.（2023·江苏淮安·校联考三模）On Mother’s Day, many children wash their mothers’ （foot）and
say, “I love you.”
【答案】feet
7．（2023·江苏无锡·校考一模）I seldom drink black coffee because it (hurt) my stomach.
【答案】hurts
8．（2023·上海虹口·统考二模）Chinese red is of great to us. We use it in lots of events. (important)
【答案】importance
9．（2023·云南昆明·云南师范大学实验中学校考三模）Finally she made a to go on climbing the
mountain although she was badly hurt. (decide)
【答案】decision
10．（2023·甘肃武威·统考模拟预测）It gave me a feeling of (satisfy).
【答案】satisfaction
二、根据汉语提示填空
1．（2021·江苏苏州·苏州市平江中学校校考二模）To realize your goal, what (要紧) most is the trust in
yourself.
【答案】matters
2．（2021·江苏扬州·校联考三模）To our joy, Wechat Pay has made travel more convenient.(乘
客)
【答案】passengers’
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3．（2021·江苏盐城·校考一模）The government has made a to set up a new middle school in our town.
(决定)
【答案】decision
4．（2021·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·统考二模）Look at you! You’re (呼吸) so heavily. We’re not even
halfway there yet.
【答案】breathing
5．（2021·四川广安·统考三模）Can you (想象) what you will be like in ten years?
【答案】imagine
6．（2024·江苏宿迁·泗阳致远中学校考二模）The machine is hard to (控制). There must be
something wrong with it.
【答案】control
7.（2021·广西桂林·统考一模）When you study or play the computer, you must have a （休息）every
half an hour.
【答案】break
8．（2020·江苏泰州·校考模拟预测）Tom is always making (麻烦), which makes his mother
very angry.
【答案】trouble
9．（2022·江苏南京·统考二模）Despite taking care of the elderly mother-in-law and her (生病的)
husband, Betty never complained.
【答案】sick
10．（2021·江苏南京·校考一模）The soldiers saved people’s lives at the (风险) on Sundays.
【答案】risk
11．（2022·江苏无锡·无锡市天一实验学校校考三模）If the matter is not carefully dealt with in time, the
(情况) will get worse.
【答案】situation
12．（2023·江苏苏州·统考二模） （血）is thicker than water.
【答案】Blood
13．（2023·四川广安·统考模拟预测）Nodding the head (意味着) disagreements in some places of
India.
【答案】means
14．（2023·安徽滁州·统考一模）We should pass on the s （精神）of working hard and being brave.
【答案】(s)pirit
15．（2022·广西贵港·统考三模）Amy was very sad because of her pet dog’s (死亡) yesterday.
【答案】death
16．（2023·安徽合肥·统考一模）My aunt became a n (护士) in her twenties and she still loves her job
now.
【答案】(n)urse
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17．（2022·贵州铜仁·统考一模）My sister worked as a (志愿者) in Tongren during the
epidemic.
【答案】volunteer
18．（2023·安徽合肥·统考三模）The firemen were too tired even to n (注意) how hungry and
thirsty they were.
【答案】(n)otice
19．（2023·山东济宁·统考二模）In her first week at university, she felt very （孤独） because she
didn’t know anybody.
【答案】lonely
20．（2022·广西来宾·统考一模）Look! There are （几个）students playing in the playground.
【答案】several
三、单项选择
1.（2021·河北石家庄·石家庄市第四十二中学校考二模）Young man, please wake up. You need to _________
at the next bus stop.
A．get on B．get up C．get out of D．get off
【答案】D
【详解】句意：年轻人，请醒醒。你需要在下一个公共汽车站下车。
考查动词短语。get on上车；get up起床；get out of摆脱；get off下车。根据“please wake up”及“at the
next bus stop.”可知，此处是年轻人在车上睡着了，某人提醒其要在下一站下车。故选D。
2.（2023·贵州铜仁·校考一模）My father used to ________ a bus to work, but now he is used to ________.
A．take; walk B．taking; walking C．taking; walk D．take; walking
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我父亲过去常乘公共汽车去上班，但现在他习惯了走路。
考查use的用法。used to do sth.过去常常做某事，第一空用动词原形。be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事，
第二空用动名词。故选D。
3.（2022·重庆·重庆八中校考模拟预测）After a long day of work, Tom just ________ on the sofa when he got
home.
A．lie B．lied C．lay D．lain
【答案】C
【详解】句意：经过一整天的工作，汤姆回到家就躺在沙发上。
考查动词辨析和时态。lie平躺；lied撒谎，是lie的过去式和过去分词；lay躺，过去式；lain躺，过去分词。
根据从句“when he got home”可知，是一般过去时态，因此主句句子的时态也是一般过去时态；结合“on
the sofa”可知，是躺在沙发上，动词lie“躺”的过去式是lay。故选C。
4.（2024·河北沧州·统考一模）—I think Ben may become one of the tallest students in our class.
—Really? But he ________ be very short and thin.
A．is used to B．gets used to C．was used to D．used to
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【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我认为本可能会成为我们班最高的学生。——真的吗？但是他以前很矮，而且很瘦。
考查used to的用法。be/get used to doing习惯于做某事；used to do过去常常做某事。根据“I think Ben may
become one of the tallest students in our class.”和“But he...be very short and thin.”可知，此处表示他以前很矮
很瘦”，所以应用used to。故选D。
5.（2023·云南昆明·昆明八中校考模拟预测）—We need to save water as it is ________.
—You’re right. Water is the source (源头) of life.
A．going out B．running out C．cutting out D．coming out
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——水快用完了，我们需要节约用水。——你说得对。水是生命之源。
考查动词短语。going out外出；running out用尽，耗尽；cutting out切割，剪下；coming out出现。根据
“We need to save water”可知，因为水快用完了，所以要节约用水，故选B。
2、能力提升
一、单项选择
1.（2021·江苏徐州·校考二模）When Lily opened the door, she found her little cat ________ in bed.
A．lay B．to lie C．lied D．lying
【答案】D
【详解】句意：当Lily打开门时，她发现她的小猫正躺在床上。
考查非谓语动词。根据“When Lily opened the door, she found her little cat … in bed”可知，发现猫正躺在床
上，此空应填现在分词作宾补，lie表示“躺”，其现在分词是lying，故选D。
2.（2022·吉林长春·校考模拟预测）He has ________ his money, so he has to ask for some from his parents.
A．work out B．give out C．run out D．run out of
【答案】D
【详解】句意：他的钱花光了，所以他不得不向父母要一些。
考查动词短语。work out算出；give out分发；run out用完；run out of用完，后接宾语。根据“he has to
ask for some from his parents”可知，此处指他已经用完他的钱了，用run out of。故选D。
3.（2022·江苏连云港·校考一模）The price of the building materials has __________ a lot, so the developers
plan to __________ the price of their buildings.
A．risen; raise B．raised, raise C．raised; rise D．risen; rise
【答案】A
【详解】句意：建筑材料的价格上涨了很多，所以开发商计划提高建筑价格。
考查动词辨析。raise是及物动词，后面必须有宾语，就是“某人把某物举起来”；rise是不及物动词，后
面不能加宾语，也就是说“某人、某物自己升起来”。第一个空的主语是物，后面又没有宾语，用rise；
第二个空后的the price of their buildings是宾语，因此用raise。故选A。
4.（2023·甘肃武威·统考模拟预测）—Don’t ________ the bus until it stops.
—I know, mom.
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A．turn off B．put on C．get off D．set up
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——直到车停下来才能下车。——我知道，妈妈。
考查动词短语。turn off关闭；put on穿上；get off下车；set up创建。根据横线后的“the bus”，所以应是
get off。故选C。
5.（2023·四川广元·校联考模拟预测）My father always lives ________, but he doesn’t feel ________.
A．alone; lonely B．lonely; alone C．lonely; lonely D．alone; alone
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我父亲总是一个人住，但他并不感到孤独。
考查词义辨析。alone独自的(形容词)，单独地(副词)；lonely寂寞的，孤独的，形容词。空一修饰动词
lives，需用副词，可排除BC选项；空二表示“人感到孤独”，需用lonely。故选A。
二、补全对话
（2024·四川成都·统考一模）根据上下文，从方框中选择句子补全对话。
Doctor: What’s the matter, Jessica?
Jessica: 1 I can’t move easily.
Doctor: Let me see ... Does that hurt?
Jessica: 2
Doctor: Do you do a lot of exercise these days?
Jessica: Yes, I do. 3
Doctor: Here’s some cream. Put it on your leg every day. Don’t exercise for a week.
Jessica: For a week? 4
Doctor: Don’t think about it for a week. 5
Jessica: OK, doctor. Thank you.
A．Yes, a lot.
B．I have a sore leg.
C．Then start again slowly.
D．What about the sports meeting?
E．I want to run in the sports meeting next month.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．E 4．D 5．C
【解析】本对话是Jessica和医生之间的，主要关于Jessica腿疼就医。
1．根据“What’s the matter, Jessica?”可知询问Jessica怎么了，选项B“我的腿疼。”符合语境。故选B。
2．根据上文“Does that hurt?”是一般疑问句，应用Yes或No回答，选项A“是的，伤得很重。”符合语境。
故选项A。
3．根据上文“Doctor: Do you do a lot of exercise these days? Jessica: Yes, I do.”可知，Jessica这些天运动量大，
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选项E“我想参加下个月的运动会。”说明运动量大的原因，符合语境。故选E。
4．根据上文“Don’t exercise for a week. Jessica: For a week?”可知，一周不能活动，Jessica会问运动会怎么
办，选项D“运动会怎么办？”符合语境。故选D。
5．根据上文“Don’t think about it for a week.”可知，一个星期都别想运动会。选项C“然后慢慢地重新开
始。”符合语境。故选C。
三、阅读理解
（2024·四川泸州·四川省泸县第一中学校考一模）Over the past 6 years, Zhang Chaofan has given away
1.35 million yuan and raised 5.2 million yuan from the public to help more than 400 people with health problems
—including teachers with cancer (癌症) and disabled children in poor families—learn traditional Chinese culture.
Zhang, 29, was born without a left arm in Changchun, Jilin, but her hard work to become stronger has encouraged
many people. She was chosen along with 67 other honorees (领奖人) to receive the Eighth National Ethical Role
Model award (第八届全国道德模范提名奖) at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on November 5th, 2021.
In 2015, Zhang set up a handwriting and painting school in Changchun. When she found that some parents were
unable to pay for their children’s education, she made the lessons free and began providing 300, 000 yuan every
year to help them.
In early 2020, her school was made to suspend all courses because of COVID-19 (新冠肺炎) but it didn’t stop
her from helping the poor families. She raised more than 8.9 million yuan and gave them away to Hubei hospitals.
“Women in the new times should have the courage to create value and also have a sense of social duty,” she said.
“It is my great honor to be chosen as a model. This will become a driving force for me to move ahead and keep
helping the poor and the disabled.”
1．How many honorees received the Eighth National Ethical Role Model award?
A．67 B．68 C．8 D．400
2．The writer uses many numbers in the first paragraph to show ________.
A．Zhang Chaofan has a lot of money over the past 6 years
B．Zhang Chaofan has done a lot to help the poor and the disabled
C．Zhang Chaofan has known many people with health problems
D．Zhang Chaofan has learnt traditional Chinese culture
3．What’s the meaning of the word “suspend” in Paragraph 3?
A．stop B．start C．design D．study
4．Why did Zhang make the handwriting and painting lessons free?
A．Because COVID-19 stopped her from helping the poor family.
B．Because she set up a school in Changchun.
C．Because she was a disabled person when she was born.
D．Because some parents couldn’t afford their children’s education.
5．In what kind of magazine can we read the article?
A．People B．Nature C．Science D．Education
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【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍张超凡为有健康问题和有需要的人们所做的事情。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“She was chosen along with 67 other honorees (领奖人) to receive the Eighth
National Ethical Role Model award (第八届全国道德模范提名奖) at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on
November 5th, 2021.”可知，除了张超凡还有67位领奖人在北京人民大会堂接受了第八届全国道德模范奖，
所以一共是68名领奖人。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据第一段“Over the past 6 years, Zhang Chaofan has given away 1.35 million yuan and
raised 5.2 million yuan from the public to help more than 400 people with health problems—including teachers
with cancer (癌症) and disabled children in poor families—learn traditional Chinese culture.”可知，作者使用数
字是为了说明在过去6年时间里，张超凡做了很多来帮助贫困家庭的儿童和残疾人。故选B。
3．词句猜测题。根据“but it didn’t stop her from helping the poor families. She raised more than 8.9 million
yuan and gave them away to Hubei hospitals.”可推知，由于新冠肺炎，她的学校被迫停课了，所以suspend
是“停止”的意思。故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When she found that some parents were unable to pay for their children’s
education, she made the lessons free and began providing 300, 000 yuan every year to help them.”可知，张超凡
免费上书法和绘画课的原因是因为一些父母负担不起他们孩子的教育费用。故选C。
5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍张超凡为有健康问题和有需要的人们所做的事情， 所以可
在介绍人物的杂志上找到这篇文章。故选A。
3、真题感知
一、单项选择
1．（2022·西藏·统考中考真题）Because of COVID-19, the young doctor had to ________ his wedding.
A．put on B．put up C．put away D．put off
【答案】D
【详解】句意：由于新冠肺炎疫情，这位年轻的医生不得不推迟了婚礼。
考查动词短语辨析。put on穿上；put up张贴；put away放好；put off推迟。根据“Because of COVID-19,
the young doctor had to...his wedding.”可知，由于疫情，推迟了婚礼，故选D。
2．（2022·四川雅安·统考中考真题）—What’s the matter, Dad?
—I have a ________. I have to see a dentist.
A．fever B．headache C．toothache D．stomachache
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——爸爸，怎么了？——我牙疼。我必须去看牙医。
考查名词辨析。fever发烧；headache头疼；toothache牙疼；stomachache胃疼。根据“I have to see a
dentist”可知，去看牙医是因为牙疼，故选C。
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3．（2023·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题）My grandfather used to ________ TV at home after dinner, but now he is
used to ________ out for a walk.
A．watch; go B．watch; going C．watching; go
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我爷爷过去常在晚饭后在家看电视，但现在他习惯了出去散步。
考查动词短语。used to do sth表示“过去常常做某事”，be used to doing表示“习惯做某事”，根据题干
可知，前一句表示过去常常，后一句是现在习惯。故选B。
4．（2023·江苏南通·统考中考真题）The wind energy costs very little and will never ________. Besides, it
produces little pollution.
A．blow out B．run out C．put out D．break out
【答案】B
【详解】句意：风能花费很少并永远不会被用光。除此之外，它产生很少的污染。
考查动词短语辨析。blow out吹灭；run out用光；put out扑灭；break out爆发。根据“The wind energy
costs very little and will never...”可知风能应是用之不竭的。故选B。
5.（2023·新疆·中考真题）—What abilities should a dog trainer have?
—I think he should be responsible and never ___________.
A．give away B．give out C．give back D．give up
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——训犬师应该具备什么能力？——我认为他应该负责任，永不放弃。
考查动词短语。give away捐赠；give out分发；give back还回来；give up放弃。根据“he should be
responsible and never”可知应该有责任感，并且不轻易放弃。故选D。
二、根据所给提示填空
1．（2023·辽宁盘锦·统考中考真题）Spiders are insects with eight (foot).
【答案】feet
2．（2020·四川广安·统考中考真题）Be careful when you use a knife, or you’ll (使受伤) yourself.
【答案】hurt
3．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）World Health Day is used to highlight (强调) the (important) of
personal health.
【答案】importance
4．（2021·辽宁阜新·统考中考真题）I want to think about it a bit longer before I make a (decide).
【答案】decision
5．（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）No matter how times change, the of Lei Feng will always be
relevant. (精神)
【答案】spirit
6．（2021·四川凉山·统考中考真题）The story reminds us that we have to decide between life and
（死）in a very dangerous situation.
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【答案】death
7．（2020·云南·统考中考真题）It’s polite to the person when he or she is talking to you. （注意）
【答案】notice
8．（2021·山东烟台·统考中考真题）The old man never feels (孤独) because we often go to visit
him.
【答案】lonely
9．（2023·四川雅安·统考中考真题）My grandpa lives (独自), but he doesn’t feel lonely.
【答案】alone
10.（2021·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）Stop (lie)! I shall never believe you again.
【答案】lying
三、短文填空
（2023·浙江金华·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式。每
空限填一词。
Are you looking for a good volunteer activity? Get outdoors and go gleaning!
What is gleaning? Well, let’s begin with the problem of food waste on farms. Some farm produce is of good
quality but looks not that good. Farmers don’t 1 (通常) try to sell this produce. Much of it is left in the
fields. That 2 (意味着) a great waste. And gleaning is about reducing this waste—by collecting the left
produce.
These days, many volunteer groups go out gleaning in order to provide those in need with 3 (新鲜
的), healthy food, Holly’s group is 4 (在……之中) them. Her volunteers collect about 300 boxes of food
each week. Once, a 5 (当地的) fruit farmer called Holly to ask for gleaning services. The farmer had a
large field with more than 700 fruit trees. A member of Holly’s group 6 (创造) a digital map of the trees.
With the help of the map, the volunteers 7 (容易地) collected the leftover fruit from the trees.
Besides this, Holly’s volunteers have also picked potatoes, cabbages and many other 8 (蔬菜) from
farms. The food has been sent to food banks and community kitchens in her area.
Gleaning helps 9 (解决) the problems of farm waste and food shortages (短缺). And gleaners also
find the work very meaningful. “We can get outside and do something good for the world,” said Holly. “I feel
happy 1 0 (无论何时) I go gleaning!”
【答案】
1．usually 2．means 3．fresh 4．among 5．local 6．created/made 7．easily 8．
vegetables 9．solve 10．whenever
【解析】本文介绍了这些天，许多志愿者团体出去拾取食物为那些需要的人提供新鲜、健康的食物。
1．句意：农民通常不会试图出售这种农产品。usually“通常”，副词，故填usually。
2．句意：这意味着巨大的浪费。mean“意味着”，动词，句子是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词
用三单形式，故填means。
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3．句意：这些天，许多志愿者团体出去拾取食物，为那些需要的人提供新鲜、健康的食物，霍莉的小组
就是其中之一。fresh“新鲜的”，形容词作定语，故填fresh。
4．句意：这些天，许多志愿者团体出去拾取食物，为那些需要的人提供新鲜、健康的食物，霍莉的小组
就是其中之一。among“在……之中”，是介词，故填among。
5．句意：有一次，一个当地的果农打电话给霍莉，要求她提供拾取水果的服务。local“当地的”，形容词
作定语，故填local。
6．句意：霍莉小组的一名成员制作了一幅树木的数字地图。此处是指制作地图，可以用create或make表
示“创造”。动作已发生，应用一般过去时，故填created/made。
7．句意：在地图的帮助下，志愿者们轻松地收集了树上剩下的水果。easily“容易地”，副词修饰动词，故
填easily。
8．句意：除此之外，霍莉的志愿者还从农场采摘土豆、卷心菜和许多其他蔬菜。vegetable“蔬菜”，此处
表示种类，为可数名词，many后接名词复数，故填vegetables。
9．句意：拾荒有助于解决农业浪费和食物短缺的问题。solve“解决”，动词，help do sth“帮助做某事”，
故填solve。
10．句意：每当我去拾荒的时候，我都觉得很开心！whenever“无论何时”，是连词，故填whenever。
四、书面表达
（2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）新时代党的教育方针强调，教育必须为社会主义现代化建设服务、
为人民服务，必须与生产劳动和社会实践相结合，培养德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人。
社会实践是实现这一目标的重要途径之一。假如你是李华，三个月前你为因新冠疫情封闭的小区做志愿者。
请写一篇英语短文，向学校“英语园地”投稿，描述你此次经历。
内容包括：
1．你所做的事情（至少四件）；
2．参与社会实践的感受及意义；
3．发出号召。
要求：
1．要点齐全（包括所有参考词汇），语言流畅，书写规范，可适当发挥；
2．文中不得出现真实姓名和校名等；
3．80—100词左右，文章的开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：收集信息 collect information 分发hand out 骄傲的proud
Three months ago, the lockdown (封锁) started in my community because of COVID-19, and I chose to be a
volunteer.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
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____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________
【答案】例文:
Three months ago, the lockdown started in my community because of COVID-19, and I chose to be a
volunteer.
The first thing I did was to collect the neighbors’ information early in the morning. And then I helped the
doctors take the temperature. At the same time, I often tried my best to help keep in good order during the tests.
Although it was cold outside, I still thought it meaningful. In the afternoon, it was time to hand out vegetables and
fruits door to door so that people in the community could have enough to eat in time. Besides, I sometimes went to
talk with some old people in order to comfort them.
Now we all stay healthy and happy, but I’ll never forget such an experience. I am so proud of myself. What’s
more, I find volunteer work makes me develop social skills, and I feel more confident than ever before.
I hope more volunteers can join us to fight against COVID-19 together!
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态综合使用“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中的“描述疫情期间做志愿者的经历”，适
当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图。借用“因为疫情，选择做志愿者”来引出重点介绍的内容；
第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“所做的事情，参与社会实践的感受及意义和发出号召”几个方面重点介
绍；
第三步，书写结语。表达“希望更多的志愿者加入，一起抗击新冠”的愿望。
[亮点词汇]
①because of因为
②at the same time与此同时
③keep in good order保持良好的秩序
④be proud of以……而骄傲
[高分句型]
①Although it was cold outside, I still thought it meaningful.（although引导让步状语从句）
②What’s more, I find volunteer work makes me develop social skills, and I feel more confident than ever before.
（and连接并列句）
23
