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目录
一、复习目标...............................................................................................................................2
二、考点梳理...............................................................................................................................2
考点1 There will be fewer people.将会有更少的人。There will be less free time.将会有
更少的空闲时间。There will be more pollution.将会有更多的污染。(八上Unit 7
P50).......................................................................................................................................2
❆fewer, less与more辨析.....................................................................................................2
考点2 Some scientists believe that there will be more robots in the future.一些科学家相
信将来会有更多的机器人。(八上Unit 7 P53)................................................................3
❆believe用法..........................................................................................................................3
考点3 However, they agree it may take hundreds of years.不过，他们认为这会花费好几
百年的时间。(八上Unit7 P53)..........................................................................................5
❆agree用法.............................................................................................................................5
❆hundred用法.........................................................................................................................5
考点 4 If buildings fall down with people inside, these snake robots can help look for
people under the buildings. 如果建筑物倒塌了，人们被困在里面，这些蛇形机器
人能帮助寻找困在建筑物下面的人。(八上Unit 7 P53)................................................6
❆fall相关搭配用法................................................................................................................6
考点5 Turn on the blender.打开食物搅拌器。(八上 Unit 8 P57).........................................6
❆turn on,turn off,turn up 与 turn down辨析........................................................................6
考点6 Next,fill the turkey with this bread mix.接下来，用这些面包混合物填充火鸡。(八
上Unit 8 P61).....................................................................................................................8
❆fill与full辨析......................................................................................................................8
考点7 ...place the turkey on a large plate and cover it with gravy. ……把火鸡放在一个
大盘子里，并用肉汁覆盖它。(八上Unit 8 P61)............................................................8
❆cover用法............................................................................................................................8
考点8 Now, It’s time to enjoy the rice noodles!现在是享用米线的时候啦！(八上Unit 8
P63).................................................................................................................................................9
❆ 句型“It’s time + (for sb.)+ to do sth.”.....................................................................9
三、好题冲关........................................................................................................................................................10
1、基础过关.................................................................................................................................10
2、能力提升.................................................................................................................................13
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3、真题感知.................................................................................................................................19
人教版八年级上册
Units 7-8 核心知识点精讲
一、复习目标
1.重点单词的含义及用法：paper；pollution；future；environment；build；human；
dangerous；already；factory；believe；disagree；even；agree；shape；fall；possible；
impossible；side；probably；during；holiday；shake；pour；yogurt；honey；
watermelon；spoon；add；finally；salt；sugar；cheese；corn；machine；dig；hole；
词汇
sandwich；butter；piece；traditional；autumn；traveler；celebrate；mix；pepper；
fill；plate；cover；serve；temperature
2.易混词辨析：fewer, less与more；turn on, turn off, turn up 与 turn down；fill与full
1.用“will+动词原形”谈论将来相关句型
句型
2.用祈使句表达食物制作步骤的相关句型
1.祈使句
重点语法
2.一般将来时
二、考点梳理
考点1 There will be fewer people.将会有更少的人。There will be less free time.将会有更少的空闲时
间。
There will be more pollution.将会有更多的污染。(八上Unit 7 P50)
❆fewer, less与more辨析
单词 含义 用法 例句
few 的比较级，修饰可数名词复
There will be fewer trees.将会有更少的树木。
数。
fewer
更少
little 的比较级，修饰不可数名
We can use less water.我们可以用更少的水。
词。
less
more 更多 many/much 的比较级，既可以修饰 There will be more cars in the city.
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可数名词复数，也可以修饰不可数
名词。
城市里将会有更多的小汽车。
（2022·黑龙江·统考中考真题）________ you are, ________ mistakes you will make in the exam.
A．The more carefully; the fewer
B．The more careful; the fewer
C．The less careless; the less
【答案】B
【详解】句意：你越仔细，考试中犯的错误就越少。
考查比较级用法。carefully仔细地；careful仔细的；careless粗心的。第一处在句中作表语，用形容词，排
除A；分析“... you are, ... mistakes you will make in the exam.”可知，越仔细，犯的错误越少，用careful；
mistakes是可数名词可知，第二空处应该用fewer。故选B。
（2023·甘肃陇南·模拟预测）There will be ________ people and ________ space for each person in the future.
A．less; fewer B．more; fewer C．more; less D．fewer; less
【答案】C
【详解】句意：未来会有更多的人，每个人的空间会更小。
考查形容词辨析。less更少，修饰不可数名词；fewer更少，修饰可数名词复数；more更多，修饰可数名词
或不可数名词。修饰people不能用less，排除A；space是不可数名词，不能用fewer修饰，排除B；根据
语境可知，人多了，每个人的空间会更小，选项C符合。故选C。
考点2 Some scientists believe that there will be more robots in the future.一些科学家相信将来会有更
多的机器人。(八上Unit 7 P53)
❆believe用法
短语及句型 用法
believe sb.
“相信某人”，常指某人说的话
=believe what one says
believe sb./sth. (to be)＋adj./n. “相信/认为某人/认为某物是……”
believe＋ that从句．.. “相信/认为……”
“信任(人格等)”，后接名词、代词或者动名
believe in sb. =trust sb.
词
It's believed that... 人们相信……
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【例句】
She says she didn’t take the money.Do you believe her? 她说她没有拿那笔钱。你相信她(说的话)吗?
We believe in him.He is an honest boy. 我们信任他。他是一个诚实的男孩。
It is believed that the couple have left the country. 据信那对夫妇已经离开了这个国家。
【拓展】
(1)believe 后接宾语从句，意为“相信；认为有可能”。当主语为第一人称(I/we)时，宾语从句通常要“否
定前移”，即把从句中的否定转移到主句中来。如：
I don’t believe he will come. 我相信他不会来。
(2)在简略答语中，常用 I believe so.表示肯定回答；用 I don’t believe so.或 I believe not.表示否定回答。
如：
—Does he still work there? 他还在那里工作吗?
—I believe so/not. 我想是/ 不是。
(3)believe it or not 意为“信不信由你”，常用于口语中。如：
Believe it or not, but he actually won! 信不信由你，但他确实赢了。
（2020·内蒙古·统考中考真题）It's nice to hear from her again. ______, we last met more than ten years ago
A．What’s worse B．Believe it or not C．In other words D．That's to say
【答案】B
【详解】句意：很高兴再次收到她的来信。信不信由你，我们最后一次见面是在十多年前。
考查情景交际。What’s worse更糟糕的是；Believe it or not信不信由你；In other words换句话说；That’s to
say也就是说；根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知，这里是一个省略的让步状语从句，补全应该是Whether
you believe it or not,+主句，表示“无论相信与否，十多年前的时候我们是最后一次见面”，所以应该用
Believe it or not，在句中作插入语，故选B。
Jenny is an honest girl. We all believe ________ her.
A．to B．in C．of D．on
【答案】B
【详解】句意：珍妮是一个诚实的女孩。我们都相信她。
考查介词辨析。to向，朝着；in在……里面；of属于……的；on在……上面。根据“Jenny is an honest
girl.”可知，珍妮很诚实，所以我们都相信她；believe in“相信，信任”。故选B。
考点3 However, they agree it may take hundreds of years.不过，他们认为这会花费好几百年的时间。
(八上Unit7 P53)
❆agree用法
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【例句】
I quite agree with you. 我完全同意你的意见。
We agree with what you said. 我们同意你的说法。
They agreed to leave early. 他们同意早点出发。
Can we agree on a price/ date? 我们能不能商定一个价格/日期?
We agreed (that) the idea was a good one.我们一致认为这个想法不错。
（2022·天津·统考中考真题）The painting is really valuable to him. He will never agree ________ it.
A．sell B．sells C．sold D．to sell
【答案】D
【详解】句意：这幅画对他来说真的很有价值。他永远不会同意卖掉它。
考查非谓语动词。agree to do sth.“同意做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故选D。
（2023·甘肃陇南·校联考模拟预测）________ Mr. Brown’s anger, it was his own son who didn’t agree
________ him.
A．To; with B．Because of; to
C．With; of D．For; on
【答案】A
【详解】句意：令布朗先生生气的是，是他自己的儿子不同意他的意见。
考查动词与介词短语。to到；with和；Because of因为；of的；on在……上面。第一个空为短语to one’s
anger“令某人感到生气的是”；第二空考查短语agree with sb.“同意某人的意见”。故选A。
❆hundred用法
搭配 用法 例句
hundred 与基数词
There are two hundred students on the playground.
数字 连用时，用单数形
+hundred 式，表示具体数
操场上有两百名学生。
目。
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hundred 与 of 连
用时，常用复数形 Hundreds of people are dancing in the park now.
hundreds of 式，表示概数，意
为“数百；成百上 现在数百人在公园里跳舞。
千”。
注： 与 hundred 用法相同的还有 thousand,million 和 billion。
（2023·黑龙江·统考二模）There are nearly four (hundred) students in our grade.
【答案】hundred
（2023·陕西西安·高新一中校考三模）数百名音乐家将参加此次的音乐节。
musicians will take part in this music festival.
【答案】Hundreds of
【详解】根据汉语可知，此处缺少“数百名的……”；hundreds of+可数名词复数形式“数百，好几百”，
又因为hundreds位于句首，首字母需要大写。故填Hundreds of。
考点4 If buildings fall down with people inside, these snake robots can help look for people under
the buildings. 如果建筑物倒塌了，人们被困在里面，这些蛇形机器人能帮助寻找困在建筑物下面的人。
(八上Unit 7 P53)
❆fall相关搭配用法
考点5 Turn on the blender.打开食物搅拌器。(八上 Unit 8 P57)
❆turn on,turn off,turn up 与 turn down辨析
短语 含义 例句
I want to watch the football game.Can I turn on the TV
打开;接通(电流、煤气、水 ?
turn on
等)
我想看足球赛。我能打开电视吗？
You should turn off the light when you go to bed.
关掉；截断(电流、煤气、水
turn off
等)
你应当在睡觉时关灯。
I can't hear the radio clearly.Could you turn it up a bit?
turn up 开大；调高(音量、热量等)
我听不太清楚，你能把收音机声音开大点儿吗？
Would you mind if I turn down the music?
turn down 关小；把……调低
你介意我把音乐关小点儿吗？
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【注意】
1.turn on/ turn off/ turn up/ turn down由“动词+副词”构成的短语，当由代词作宾语时，需把代词放在动
词和副词之间。
2.open表示“打开（窗户、门、书本等）”，而turn on表示“打开（电器、煤气、自来水）”。
例：It’s too hot. Please open the window. 太热了。请打开窗户。
3.(1)turn down 还有“拒绝”的意思。
(2)由 turn 构成的其他短语：
【图解】
（2023·云南·统考中考真题）It’s a good habit to ________ the lights when you leave a room.
A．turn down B．turn up C．turn off D．turn on
【答案】C
【详解】句意：离开房间时关灯是个好习惯。
考查动词短语。turn down把声音调小；turn up把声音调大；turn off关闭；turn on打开。根据“It’s a good
habit to... the lights when you leave a room.”可知离开房间时关灯是好习惯。故选C。
（2023·甘肃白银·统考二模）Let’s ________ the television and watch today’s news at home and abroad.
A．put down B．pick up C．cut off D．turn on
【答案】D
【详解】句意：让我们打开电视，看看今天国内外的新闻。
考查动词短语辨析。put down写下；pick up捡起；cut off切断，中断；turn on打开。根据空后的“the
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television”及“and watch today’s news at home and abroad”可知，应是打开电视。故选D。
考点6 Next,fill the turkey with this bread mix.接下来，用这些面包混合物填充火鸡。(八上Unit 8 P61)
❆fill与full辨析
单词 词性 含义 搭配
fill…with…用……填满(动作)
fill 动词 (使)充满；装满
be filled with…被……充满(状态)
满的；充满的；满是……
full 形容词 be full of…充满……(状态)
的
【例句】
Please fill the cup with water. 请把这个杯子装满水。
The bottle is filled with water.=The bottle is full of water. 瓶子里装满了水。
（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题）刚才，小珍妮的口袋里装满了糖果。
Little Jenny’s pocket candies just now.
【答案】was full of/was filled with
（2022·甘肃定西·统考二模）在盘子里装满水。
the dish water.
【答案】 Fill with
考点7 ...place the turkey on a large plate and cover it with gravy. ……把火鸡放在一个大盘子里，并
用肉汁覆盖它。(八上Unit 8 P61)
❆cover用法
【例句】
Mary covered her face with her hands. 玛丽用双手捂住了脸。
The field is covered with snow. 田野被积雪覆盖了。
The cover of the book is well designed. 这本书的封面设计得很好。
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（2023·河北唐山·统考二模）More and more hills ________ with trees in my hometown.
A．cover B．covered C．are covering D．are covered
【答案】D
【详解】句意：在我的家乡，越来越多的山丘上长满了树。
考查被动语态。cover覆盖，动词原形；covered覆盖，动词过去式；are covering覆盖，现在进行时；are
covered被覆盖，被动语态。hills和trees为动宾关系，构成被动语态，其构成为：be+done。故选D。
（2023·陕西西安·高新一中校考三模）地球表面有大约71%的面积被水覆盖。
About 71 percent of the earth is water.
【答案】covered with
考点8 Now, It’s time to enjoy the rice noodles!现在是享用米线的时候啦！(八上Unit 8 P63)
❆ 句型“It’s time + (for sb.)+ to do sth.”
It is/was time (for sb.)to do sth.意为“(某人)该做某事了；到了(某人)做某事的时间了”。It is/was time
to do sth.与 It is/was time for sth.可以互换。如：
It's time (for me)to have lunch.=It's time for lunch. 到了(我)吃午饭的时间了。
该回家的时候了。
It’s go home.
【答案】 time to
该到吃早餐的时候了。
breakfast.
【答案】 It’s time for
三、好题冲关
1、基础过关
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.（2023·甘肃白银·统考二模）We are (plant) trees in the park to protect our earth and and make it
greener.
【答案】planting
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2.（2023·湖南永州·统考三模）With the development of science, scientists are now trying to make robots look
like （human）and do the same things as we do.
【答案】humans
3.（2022·广西·统考一模）Our teacher tells us not to swim in the river. It’s (danger).
【答案】dangerous
4.（2023·甘肃陇南·模拟预测）It is (possible) for us to arrive at the museum in ten minutes. It’s far from
here.
【答案】impossible
5．（2023·内蒙古包头·统考模拟预测）Jane the bottle before she drank the orange juice. (shake)
【答案】shook
6.（2022·甘肃·统考一模）They (dig) holes to plant trees when we got to the top of the hill.
【答案】dug
7.（2023·湖南永州·统考一模）I was so hungry that I ate three (sandwich) this morning.
【答案】sandwiches
8.（2022·山东青岛·统考中考真题）With the teacher’s help, Li Hua got the inspiration from Chinese Ancient
Poems and （final）created a new poem by himself.
【答案】finally
9.（2022·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）Sweeping robots from those （factory）can help us clean
houses.
【答案】factories
10.（2022·内蒙古包头·统考中考真题）The house was in the 19th century and is a typical style of
that time. （build）
【答案】built
二、根据汉语提示填空
1.（2023·海南海口·统考一模）We can hardly (相信) that he has kept doing volunteer job for
more than ten years.
【答案】believe
2.．（2022·广西北海·统考一模）Here is the （纸）. You can draw a picture on it.
【答案】paper
3．（2023·山东济宁·统考二模）Thanks to the government’s efforts, (污染) has become less and less.
【答案】pollution
4．（2023·江苏镇江·统考二模）Kids from happy families are more confident. A happy family provides a loving
(环境)for its children.
【答案】environment
5.（2022·江苏无锡·江苏省锡山高级中学实验学校校考二模）It’s known to all that Mars is a (行
星) in the solar system.
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【答案】planet
6.（2022·广西南宁·统考三模）It’s our duty to protect our (地球) against pollution.
【答案】earth
7．（2023·山东日照·日照市新营中学校考二模）May the whole world be full of (和平), love and
happiness.
【答案】peace
8．（2022·广西·统考一模）The kites are flying in the （天空）.
【答案】sky
9.（2022·广西南宁·校联考一模）The three Chinese astronauts have (已经) returned to the earth.
【答案】already
10.（2023·四川乐山·统考二模）The pollution is mostly produced by (工厂) and cars.
【答案】factories
11.（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·统考二模）Susan always puts her time to good use, even (在……期间) her
lunch time.
【答案】during
12.（2023·新疆和田·统考二模）It is a good way to drink some hot tea with （蜂蜜）if you have a
sore throat.
【答案】honey
13.（2022·四川广安·统考二模）The weather gets cooler in (秋天), so let’s have a picnic at weekend.
【答案】autumn
14.（2022·广西南宁·统考一模）Today is my mother’s birthday, so we’re going out to a restaurant to
(庆祝) it.
【答案】celebrate
15.（2023·甘肃陇南·模拟预测）The (温度) gets very high in the hot weather.
【答案】temperature
三、单项选择
1.（2023·江苏盐城·校考二模）After the education reform (改革) in Jiangsu Province, it is hoped that the pupils
will have ________ time to relax and ________ problems to worry about.
A．less; more B．more; less C．fewer; more D．more; fewer
【答案】D
【详解】句意：江苏省教育改革后，希望学生们有更多的时间放松，更少的问题需要担心。
考查代词辨析。less“更少的”，little的比较级，修饰不可数名词；fewer“更少的”，few的比较级，修饰可
数名词复数；more“更多的”，many和much的比较级，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。根据“have …
time to relax and … problems to worry about”可知，有更多的时间放松，更少的问题需要担心。且time是不
可数名词，用more修饰，problems是可数名词复数，用fewer修饰。故选D。
2.（2023·吉林长春·统考一模）— Kids should play outdoor games more instead of playing computer games.
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—________. It will be better for their eyes.
A．It’s a pity B．You’re welcome C．The same to you D．I agree with you
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——孩子们应该多玩户外游戏而不是玩电脑游戏。 ——我同意你的观点。那对他们的眼
睛更好。
考查情景交际。It’s a pity真遗憾；You’re welcome 不客气；The same to you你也一样；I agree with you我
同意你的看法。根据“Kids should play outdoor games more instead of playing computer games”及“It will be
better for their eyes”可知，此处是同意对方的观点，故选D。
3．（2023·山东青岛·统考二模）—Could you please ________ the light? I can’t fall asleep with the light on.
—OK.
A．turn on B．turn off C．turn down D．turn up
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你能关灯吗？我开着灯睡不着。——好的。
考查动词短语。turn on打开；turn off关闭；turn down调低（音量）；turn up调高（音量）。根据“I can’t
fall asleep with the light on.”可知，灯开着睡不着，所以请求关灯。故选B。
4.（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨风华中学校考模拟预测）Show your friendly smile and nod to everyone as you
walk forward when you enter a room ________ strangers.
A．filled with B．is filled with C．full with
【答案】A
【详解】句意：当你走进一个满是陌生人的房间时，向每个人展示你友好的微笑和点头。
考查过去分词的用法。filled with充满；is filled with充满；full with搭配有误。根据“when you enter a
room…strangers”可知，此处应该用filled with作后置定语修饰room。故选A。
5.（2022·海南海口·校联考一模）The tea tastes too strong. Please __________ some water.
A．save B．send C．add
【答案】C
【详解】句意：这茶味道太浓了。请加些水。
考查动词辨析。save节省；send送；add加。根据“The tea tastes too strong”可知茶味道很浓要加点水。故
选C。
2、能力提升
一、单项选择
1.（2023·上海松江·统考一模）Jack, ________ to the front door to see if someone is knocking.
A．goes B．going C．go D．to go
【答案】C
【详解】句意：杰克，到前门去看看有没有人在敲门。
考查祈使句 。根据“to the front door to see...”可知句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选C。
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2.（2023·全国·模拟预测）________ smoke here, Dad. Smoking is not allowed in public places.
A．Don’t B．Don’t be C．Not to be D．Be not
【答案】A
【详解】句意：爸爸，不要在这里抽烟。公共场所不允许吸烟。
考查祈使句的否定形式。此处是祈使句的否定形式，结构为：Don’t+动词原形。故选A。
3.（2023·新疆喀什·统考三模）—We should go to school by bus instead of by car.
—Yeah, ________cars we use, ________ pollution there will be.
A．fewer, less B．the fewer, the less C．the less, the fewer D．less, fewer
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——我们应该坐公交车去上学而不要坐小汽车。——是的，我们用的车越少，对环境的污
染就越少。
考查比较级的句式运用及比较级的构成。句式：the+比较级+主语+谓语，the+比较级+主语+谓语，意为
“越……，就越……”。few修饰可数名词的复数， cars为可数名词复数，需用fewer修饰；pollution为
不可数名词，需用little的比较级less修饰。故选B。
4.（2023·重庆綦江·校联考一模）Please ________ the TV a little. The baby is sleeping now.
A．turn down B．turn off C．turn up D．turn on
【答案】A
【详解】句意：请把电视音量调低些。宝宝现在正在睡觉。
考查动词短语。turn down调低音量等；turn off关掉；turn up调高音量等；turn on打开。根据“The baby is
sleeping now.”可知宝宝在睡觉，结合“a little”可推出是请对方把音量调低些。故选A。
5.（2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）I believe we can make a difference if we’re brave enough to believe in
________.
A．us B．we C．our D．ourselves
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我相信，如果我们有足够的勇气相信自己，我们就能有所作为。
考查代词辨析。us我们，人称代词宾格；we我们，人称代词主格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；
ourselves我们自己，反身代词。此处是believe in oneself“相信自己”，故用反身代词。故选D。
二、完成句子
1.（2022·辽宁葫芦岛·统考二模）大厅里有数以百计的人。
There are people in the hall.
【答案】hundreds of
2．（2022·甘肃定西·统考模拟预测）比尔昨天打篮球时摔倒了，他的腿受伤了。
Bill when he played basketball yesterday and his leg hurt.
【答案】 fell down
3．（2022·甘肃陇南·统考一模）那个袋子里装满了各种各样的玩具。
The bag is all kinds of toys.
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【答案】 full/filled of/with
4.（2022·陕西西安·陕西师大附中校考二模）“双减”政策鼓励学生参与校园活动。
“Double Reduction” policy encourage students school activities.
【答案】to take part in
【详解】“参与”为take part in，固定短语；encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人干某事”，固定用法。故填
to take part in。
5．（2022·湖北孝感·统考三模）关于未来职业的选择，某些父母可能不同意孩子们的观点。（disagree）
As for the choice of a future job, some parents might their children.
【答案】disagree with
【详解】对比中英文可知，空处缺少“不同意”，英文表达为disagree with，might后接动词原形，故填
disagree with。
三、完形填空
（2023·安徽合肥·合肥市第四十五中学校考三模）We have sent people to the moon in spaceships. What do
you think space cities will be like in the future?
The buildings in space don’t look very different 1 modern small towns on Earth. People have tried
to make 2 like the ones they know, so space travelers will do the same.
Gravity (重力) makes 3 life possible. Without gravity, you will float (漂浮) in the air. Nobody would
want to live for a long time in a space city where 4 floats around. The space city is like a huge wheel, a
tube (管子) more than 150 metres in diameter (直径), and formed into a ring. The wheel turns around slowly every
minute, 5 the people in space feel the pull of gravity just like we do on Earth.
The space city would always have sunlight. A(n) 6 mirror about two kilometres in diameter would
float above the city. It would reflect (反射) 7 to small mirrors that would lead it into the city. Shutters (百叶窗)
would be used to 8 when sunlight comes in. It would be closed to create night-time.
The 9 of the city could be fixed at about 10,000 people. Farmers would be able to 10 plan
how much food would be needed for this number of people. About 44 square metres of vegetable plants would be
needed for each person, and just over five square metres of grassland.
1．A．at B．for C．from D．with
2．A．stations B．roads C．machines D．buildings
3．A．hard B．funny C．terrible D．normal
4．A．everything B．something C．anything D．nothing
5．A．so B．before C．if D．because
6．A．new B．big C．old D．small
7．A．sunlight B．mirrors C．rings D．air
8．A．improve B．study C．control D．watch
9．A．address B．population C．environment D．power
10．A．quietly B．secretly C．clearly D．deeply
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【答案】
1．C 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．C
【解析】本文中作者畅想了未来的太空城市是什么样的。
1．句意：太空中的建筑看起来和地球上的现代小镇没有太大的不同。
at在；for为了；from从；with和。different from“不同于”。故选C。
2．句意：人们试图建造他们熟悉的建筑，所以太空旅行者也会这样做。
stations车站；roads道路；machines机器；buildings建筑。根据“The buildings in space don’t look very
different ...”可知是建造熟悉的建筑。故选D。
3．句意：重力使正常生活成为可能。
hard困难的；funny有趣的；terrible可怕的；normal正常的。根据“Without gravity, you will float in the air.”
可知有了重力正常生活成为可能。故选D。
4．句意：没有人会想在一个所有东西都漂浮着的太空城市里生活很长时间。
everything一切；something某事物；anything任何事物；nothing没有什么。根据“Without gravity”可知此
处指没有重力的情况下一切都漂浮着，没有人会想在这种环境中生活。故选A。
5．句意：轮子每分钟都在缓慢地转动，所以太空中的人就像我们在地球上一样感受到重力的拉力。
so因此；before在……之前；if如果；because因为。句子前因后果，用so连接表因果关系的并列句。故选
A。
6．句意：一个直径约两公里的大镜子将漂浮在城市上空。
new新的；big大的；old旧的；small小的。根据“about two kilometres in diameter”可知直径约两公里的镜
子是大的。故选B。
7．句意：它会把阳光反射到小镜子上，然后把它带到城市里。
sunlight阳光；mirrors镜子；rings戒指；air空气。根据“when sunlight comes in”可知此处反射的是阳光。
故选A。
8．句意：百叶窗将用于控制阳光何时进入。
improve提高；study学习；control控制；watch观看。根据“It would be closed to create night-time.”可知用
百叶窗来控制阳光进入的时间。故选C。
9．句意：这个城市的人口可以固定在1万人左右。
address地址；population人口；environment环境；power力量。根据“about 10,000 people”可知此处指人口。
故选B。
10．句意：农民将能够清楚地计划这些人需要多少食物。
quietly安静地；secretly秘密地；clearly清楚地；deeply深刻地。根据“how much food would be needed for
this number of people”可知此处指清楚地计划人们需要多少食物。故选C。
四、选词填空
（2023·江西萍乡·统考二模）请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。每
个词限用一次。
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else, turn, part, peel, first, work, instead, make, hand, after, begin
Many people like to eat pizza (比萨饼), but not everyone knows how to make it. Here is how you make a home-
made pizza.
When you make pizza, you must 1 with the crust (酥皮). To make the crust, you will have to make
dough (生面团) 2 . You need to knead (揉) the dough with your 3 . If you do not have enough
time to do this, you can use a prepared crust that you buy from the store.
4 you have got your crust ready, you must then add the sauce (酱). It takes a long time 5
your own sauce. You have to buy tomatoes, 6 them, cut them and then cook them. If this sounds like too
much 7 , you can also get some sauces from the store.
Now that you have your crust and sauce, you need to add the cheese. Cheese comes from milk. Do you know
how 8 milk into cheese? If not you might want to buy cheese from the store 9 of making it
yourself.
When you have the crust, sauce and cheese ready, you can add something 10 . Some people like to
put meat on their pizza, and some like to add vegetables! The best 11 of making pizza at home is that
you can add whatever you want.
【答案】
1．begin 2．first 3．hands 4．After 5．to make 6．peel 7．work 8．to turn 9．
instead 10．else 11．part
【解析】本文介绍了如何自制披萨。
1．句意：当你做披萨的时候，你必须从饼皮开始。begin with“从……开始”，位于情态动词must后，用
动词原形，故填begin。
2．句意：要做饼皮，你得先做面团。此处介绍做饼皮的第一步，因此用first“首先”，故填first。
3．句意：你需要用手揉面团。根据“knead (揉) the dough”可知，揉面应用手来做，hand“手”，人的手有
两只，因此用复数名词，故填hands。
4．句意：在你把饼皮做好之后，你必须加入酱汁。要给饼皮加入酱汁，应是在把饼皮做好之后，
after“在……之后”，故填After。
5．句意：自己做酱汁要花很长时间。根据“You have to buy tomatoes,...them, cut them and then cook them.”
可知，此处介绍自己做酱汁，make“制作”，It takes time to do sth“做某事花费时间”，it是形式主语，to
do sth是真正主语，故填to make。
6．句意：你得买西红柿，去皮，切，然后煮。根据“cut them and then cook them”可知，买来西红柿，在
切它们之前，应先去皮，peel“去皮”，位于have to后用动词原形，故填peel。
7．句意：如果这听起来工作量太大，你也可以从商店买一些酱汁。根据“You have to buy tomatoes,...them,
cut them and then cook them.”可知，自己做酱汁，得买西红柿，去皮，切，然后煮，因此需要很多工作。
work“工作”，是不可数名词，故填work。
8．句意：你知道怎么把牛奶变成奶酪吗？turn...into...“把……变成……”，疑问词+to do sth作宾语，故填
to turn。
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9．句意：如果没有，你可能想从商店买奶酪，而不是自己做。instead of“而不是”，故填instead。
10．句意：当你准备好饼皮、酱汁和奶酪时，你可以添加其他东西。根据“Some people like to put meat on
their pizza, and some like to add vegetables!”可知，可以在披萨上加点肉或者蔬菜，因此可以加点别的东西，
else“其他的”，是形容词，故填else。
11．句意：在家做披萨最好的地方是你可以随心所欲地添加任何东西。有形容词best修饰，用名词，
part“部分”，谓语is是第三人称单数形式，主语用单数名词，故填part。
五、书面表达
（2023·陕西西安·交大附中分校校考模拟预测）假如你叫李华，你的外国笔友Peter对中国美食很感兴
趣，请你给他写一封邮件介绍如何制作一道简单的中国菜——西红柿炒鸡蛋（fried eggs with tomatoes）.
提示：
1．材料： two tomatoes, three eggs, cooking oil, salt
2．过程：切碎西红柿，打（break）鸡蛋
加热（heat）油，翻炒（stir-fry）鸡蛋至半熟（half-cocked）；
把炒到半熟的鸡蛋放在碗里；
加入西红柿炒至变软，加入盐；
加入鸡蛋翻炒至熟（fully cooked）；
要求：1．参考提示内容，可适当发挥；
2．语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整，
3．文中不得出现任何真实信息（姓名，校名和地名等）
4．词数；不少于70词。（开头已给出，但不计入总词数。）
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to hear that you are interested in Chinse food Today I want to share a simple and popular dish with
you—fried eggs with tomatoes.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________
I hope you enjoy making it and trying Chinese food. Let me know if you have any questions!
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】例文
Dear Peter,
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I’m glad to hear that you are interested in Chinse food. Today I want to share a simple and popular dish with
you—fried eggs with tomatoes. Here is a recipe for it.
You should prepare two tomatoes, three eggs, cooking oil and salt. Then you can start cooking. First, cut up
two tomatoes. Next, break three eggs and put them into a bowl and mix them. Add some salt to the bowl and mix
again. Then heat the pan and pour some oil into the pan. Heat the oil and stir-fry three eggs until half-cooked. Then
put the half-cooked eggs in a bowl. Add tomatoes and saute until tender. Add salt. Add eggs and stir until fully
cooked.
I hope you enjoy making it and trying Chinese food. Let me know if you have any questions!
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为电子邮件；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节完整表述内容。
[写作步骤]
第一步，开头已给出，引出本文主题；
第二步，介绍要准备的食材以及烹饪步骤；
第三步，希望对方享受这道美食。
[亮点词汇]
①be interested in对……感兴趣
②cut up切碎
③add…to把……加到……
[高分句型]
①I hope you enjoy making it and trying Chinese food.（宾语从句）
②Let me know if you have any questions!（祈使句）
3、真题感知
一、单项选择
1.（2021·湖南湘西·统考中考真题）—How much honey do we need?
—Let’s see. Two ________.
A．spoons of honey B．spoon of honeys C．spoons of honeys
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——我们需要多少蜂蜜？——让我们看看。两勺蜂蜜。
考查不可数名词数的表达。honey“蜂蜜”，是不可数名词，不能加s变成复数形式，排除B/C选项；表达
数量要借助量词，故选A。
2.（2022·四川乐山·统考中考真题）— Do you like black coffee, Miss Green?
— No, I’d like sweet coffee. Please put some ________ in it.
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A．ice B．salt C．sugar
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——格林小姐，你喜欢黑咖啡吗？——不，我要甜咖啡。请放些糖进去。
考查名词辨析。ice冰；salt盐；sugar糖。根据“I’d like sweet coffee.”可知，因为喜欢甜咖啡，所以要放一
些糖，sugar符合句意；故选C。
3．（2020·辽宁营口·统考中考真题）—____________ the dishes after dinner, Tony.
—No problem, Mom.
A．Washing B．Washes C．To wash D．Wash
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——托尼，饭后要洗碗。——没问题，妈妈。
考查祈使句。washing动名词；washes动词的第三人称单数；to wash动词不定式；wash动词原形。此处是
祈使句，用动词原形wash。故选D。
4.（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考中考真题）—What do you do to keep healthy?
—I do more sports and eat ________ fast food.
A．less B．fewer C．more
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你做什么来保持健康？——我多做运动，少吃快餐。
考查比较级。less更少，修饰不可数名词；fewer更少，修饰可数名词；more更多。根据常识可知要想保持
健康，就要少吃快餐多做运动，且food是不可数名词，应用less修饰，故选A。
5.（2019·广西贵港·中考真题）—Why was Jim late for work this morning？
—He got up late．
A．nearly B．gradually C．hardly D．probably
【答案】D
【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：—吉姆今天早上上班为什么迟到了？—他可能起床晚了。nearly表示几乎；
gradually表示逐渐地；hardly表示几乎不；probably表示很可能。根据句意可知表示可能性，用副词，汤
姆今天早上上班迟到的原因很可能是起得晚了．故选D．
二、根据所给提示填空
1．（2020·江苏苏州·统考中考真题）Shake the bottle well so that the milk (混合) with the tea.
【答案】mixes
2.（2022·广西桂林·统考中考真题）Dragon Boat Festival is a Chinese (传统的) festival.
【答案】traditional
3.（2023·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）In today’s DIY class, students made cards in different （形
状）.
【答案】shapes
4.（2021·江苏南京·统考中考真题）I’ve (已经) seen that film, so I’d rather see another one.
【答案】already
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5.（2022·安徽·统考中考真题）May the whole world be full of p (和平), love, and happiness.
【答案】(p)eace
6.（2022·海南·统考中考真题）The earth is a (行星), which goes around the sun.
【答案】planet
7.（2022·江苏南通·统考中考真题）More and more people use cloth bags to reduce (污染) when
shopping.
【答案】pollution
8.（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·统考中考真题）It’s hard to （相信）a tree can develop from a small seed
（种子）.
【答案】believe
9.（2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）It is (possible) to clean up the whole river in such a short time.
【答案】impossible
10.（2021·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）Swimming alone in the river is (danger) for children.
【答案】dangerous
三、阅读理解
（2023·甘肃兰州·统考中考真题）What people eat and how they eat are different from place to place. For
example, in Lanzhou, people usually have beef noodles for breakfast while cheese sandwiches are very popular in
London. Here are the recipes(烹饪法) of making them. You can have a try if you like!
Food: beef noodles
Ingredients(食材): beef, noodles, beef soup, mooli(白萝卜), garlic leek (蒜苗) and red chili oil
Steps:
First, wash beef and boil it for about 1-2 hours.
Next, wash mooli and garlic leek, and cut them into pieces.
Then, make beef soup very hot, and put mooli pieces into it.
After that, cook noodles then put them into a bowl.
Finally, spoon beef soup over the noodles, then add beef, garlic leek pieces and red chili oil.
Tips: You may add an egg or some vegetables as you like while eating.
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Food: cheese sandwiches
Ingredients: bread pieces, butter, cheese, tomatoes, onions, lettuce(生菜)
Steps:
First, put some butter on a piece of bread.
Next, cut up a tomato and an onion, and put them on a sandwich.
Then, put some cheese on the sandwich.
After that, put some lettuce on the cheese.
Finally, put another piece of bread on top.
Tips: You may add meat or vegetables as you like in a sandwich.
1．How many recipes are talked about in the passage?
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
2．When do people usually have beef noodles in Lanzhou according to the passage?
A．In the morning.B．In the afternoon. C．In the evening. D．At night.
3．When noodles are cooked, ________.
A．make beef soup really hot B．put them into a bowl
C．boil them for about 1-2 hours D．cut garlic leek into pieces
4．Firstly, you can put some ________ on a piece of bread when making a cheese sandwich.
A．tomatoes B．onions C．butter D．lettuce
5．What information can we get from the tips in the passage?
A．People refuse to try new food.
B．We should eat fresh food every day.
C．More and more people like eating fast food.
D．We can add some more ingredients as we like while eating.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D
【解析】本文主要介绍牛肉面和乳酪三明治的做法。
1．细节理解题。根据“Food: beef noodles”及“Food: cheese sandwiches”可知文章介绍了2个食谱。故选
B。
2．细节理解题。根据“For example, in Lanzhou, people usually have beef noodles for breakfast”可知兰州人通
常早餐吃牛肉面。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“After that, cook noodles then put them into a bowl.”可知面煮好了之后把面放进碗里。
故选B。
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4．细节理解题。根据“First, put some butter on a piece of bread.”可知一开始在面包上放一些黄油。故选
C。
5．细节理解题。根据“Tips: You may add meat or vegetables as you like in a sandwich.”可知喜欢的话可以另
外加一些肉或者蔬菜。即在吃的时候可以加一些别的佐料。故选D。
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