文档内容
第 4 讲 议论文
议论文是高考完形填空较难的一种文体，一般由三个要素组成：论点、论据、结论。论
点和论据形成一体，相互印证。有时作者为了使文章脉络清楚，行文流畅，会使用一些过渡
词，如：on the contrary，all in all，in short，generally speaking，worse still，on the other
hand，in conclusion，as a consequence等。做题时要注意以下几点：
解题要领 内容解读
首句制胜， 议论文完形填空的首句常常是文章的主旨句。作者一般在文章的首段提
论点明确 出论点，然后在各段的首句提出分论点。
①开门见山地提出论点，然后再通过具体的论据去证明论点，论据有时
候既有正面的论据，也有反面的论据，最后总结全文。②导入式提出论
点。先通过叙述生活中的一件具体的事情或描述生活中的现象，然后根
不同的论点
据事情或现象所反映的问题提出自己的论点，再用具体的论据去证明自
提出方式
己的论点。③最后提出论点。有些议论文一开始作者仅仅是列举生活中
的现象，不表明自己的观点，而是通过对具体现象的分析，最后得出一
种结论。
关注尾段 尾段通常照应论点
One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault-finder.However，life can be 1
when you are not busy finding fault with it.
Several years ago I 2 a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry，who described herself as
a world-class fault-finder，almost always 3 by things.People were always doing things that
annoyed her，and nothing was ever good enough.She was highly self-critical and also found fault
with her friends.
Unfortunately，it took a horrible accident to change her 4 .Her best friend was seriously
hurt in a car crash.What made it almost 5 to deal with was that the day before the 6 ，
Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her 7 of boyfriends，the
way she was living，the way she related to her mother，and various other things.It wasn’t until
her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became 8 her habit of finding fault.Very quickly，she
learned to appreciate life rather than to 9 everything so harshly(刻薄)．
Perhaps most of us aren’t as extreme at fault-finding， 10 when we’re honest，we can
be sharply 11 of the world.I’m not suggesting you 12 problems，or that you pretendthings are 13 than they are，but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are—at
least most of the time，and especially when it’s not a really big 14 .
Train yourself to “bite your tongue”，and with a little 15 ，you’ll get really good at
letting things go.And when you do，you’ll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.
1．A.lonely B．great
C．quiet D．uneasy
2．A.received B．answered
C．expected D．rejected
3．A.threatened B．interrupted
C．bothered D．spoiled
4．A.attitude B．plan
C．measure D．explanation
5．A.urgent B．unnecessary
C．certain D．impossible
6．A.occasion B．event
C．accident D．adventure
7．A.memory B．notice
C．evidence D．choice
8．A.aware of B．afraid of
C．curious about D．confused about
9．A.discuss B．realize
C．judge D．settle
10．A.so B．or
C．but D．for
11．A.proud B．sure
C．hopeful D．critical
12．A.face B．create
C．solve D．ignore
13．A.rarer B．better
C．stranger D．worse
14．A.task B．deal
C．result D．duty
15．A.practice B．speech
C．rest D．pity
文本整体感知
中心思想 文章通过讲述克里从一个吹毛求疵的人变为一个学会欣赏生活的人，告诉我们“要管好你的嘴”，寻回昔日对生活的热情。
叙述角度 第一人称和第三人称
写作顺序 时间顺序
a fault-finder；Kerry；a car crash；criticize；bite your tongue；
写作要素
enthusiasm
写作目的 体现了“人与自我——不断学习，不断完善自我”的主题
技法九 巧排除，降难度
在掌握文章大意和细节的前提下，考生可以通过试填试题中的选项选出最吻合语境、最
衔接语义的选项，这种解题方法被称为“排除错项”。
真题体验 (2020·浙江7月)
...the tractor heading towards the 44.motorway.I ran desperately but failed to 45 .It
crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared.
45．A.take off B．catch up
C．hold back D．get out
技法十 由熟词，知生义
一词多义和熟词生义是近几年高考不断出现的词汇活用现象。备考时应注意单词本义以
及根据词根推断单词生僻意义。本文第 14题deal熟义是“大量”，此处考查生义a big
deal“重要的事情”。
真题体验1 (2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
So 45. instead of tying him up，I just kept a close eye on him.It 46 —he didn’t end up
in the creek.My three-year-old，however，did.
46．A.worked B．happened
C．mattered D．changed
真题体验2 (2022·浙江1月)
Ms Burdeyney 53 that she was hoping to do more for the research project.“I just want
to bring 54. light into people’s eyes and this is just the 55.beginning.There is still a long way to
go.”
53．A.commented B．learned
C．reminded D．added
Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers.Then again ，teenagers have 1
feelings about their parents，saying that it is not easy living with them.According to a recent
research，the most common 2 between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and
daily routine tasks.On the one hand，parents go mad over 3 rooms，clothes thrown on thefloor and their children’s refusal to help with the 4 .On the other hand，teenagers lose their
patience continually when parents blame them for 5 the towel in the bathroom，not cleaning
up their room or refusing to do the shopping at the supermarket.
The research ， conducted by St.George University ， shows that different parents have
different 6 to these problems.However，some approaches are more 7 than others.For
example，those parents who yell at their children for their untidiness，but 8 clean the room
for them，have fewer chances of changing their children’s 9 .On the contrary，those who
let teenagers experience the 10 of their actions can do better.For example，when teenagers
who don’ t help their parents with the shopping don’ t find their favorite drink in the
refrigerator，they are forced to 11 their actions.
Psychologists say that 12 is the most important thing in parent-child
relationships.Parents should 13 to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear
to what they have to say.Parents may 14 their children when they are untidy but they should
also understand that their room is their own private space.Communication is a two-way process.It is
only by listening to and 15 each other that problems between parents and children can be
settled.
1．A.natural B．strong
C．guilty D．similar
2．A.interest B．argument
C．link D．knowledge
3．A.noisy B．crowded
C．messy D．locked
4．A.homework B．housework
C．problem D．research
5．A.washing B．using
C．dropping D．replacing
6．A.approaches B．contributions
C．introductions D．attitudes
7．A.complex B．popular
C．scientific D．successful
8．A.later B．deliberately
C．seldom D．thoroughly
9．A.behavior B．taste
C．future D．nature
10．A.failures B．changes
C．consequences D．thrills
11．A.defend B．delayC．repeat D．reconsider
12．A.communication B．bond
C．friendship D．trust
13．A.reply B．attend
C．attach D．talk
14．A.hate B．scold
C．frighten D．stop
15．A.loving B．observing
C．understanding D．praising
