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考点 10 强调句、感叹句及其它
（核心考点精讲精练）
【近年真题考点分布】
高考考点 语法之强调句、感叹句及其它特殊句式
73.你是否意识到这个地区的每一个部落有自己的不成文的规则？(aware)
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⏩参考答案：Have you been aware that every tribe in this area has its own unwritten rules?
考
解析：本题考查疑问句翻译。实词aware（adj. 有意识的）的用法be aware that...，
另，考生对于题干中的“部落”和“不成文”等表达，也需要知道相应的英文表达。
74.对喜剧演员来说，没有什么比演出中听到观众得阵阵笑声更有成就感了(there be)
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2023上海春 ⏩参考答案：
考 For a comedian, there is nothing more satisfying/ gratifying/ rewarding/fulfilling than hearing the
bursts of laughter of the audience during his performance/ show.
解析：本题考查there be句型翻译。
74. 切莫苛求运动强度和频率，细水长流方能见效。(make a difference)
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2022上海秋 【参考答案】
考 Do not highly demand the intensity and frequency of exercise, because it is the persistence that
makes a difference.
【解析】：本题考查祈使句翻译。
75正是因为贯彻“顾客为本”的理念，那个落寂已久的社区商场才得以重回大众视线。(It)
【参考答案】
2022 上 海 春
It is because of/due to/owning to the customer-oriented concept that this long-lost community mall
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has been able to return to the public eye.
【解析】考察强调句型:“正是因为…”的强调句表达；it is/was…that…
73、打喷嚏时,务必用纸巾住口鼻。(Do)
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【参考答案】Do cover your mouth and nose with tissues/at issue when (you are) sneezing.
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Or Do cover your mouth and nose with tissues when you sneeze
【解析】：本题考查对实义动词强调句型翻译。
(26)_______(divide)the cost equally, including the cost of hiring any equipment such as
cymbals for the drummer,you rock together, you roll together !
2021上海春 【答案】26. Divide
考 【解析】. 考查祈使句。根据后面的including判定空格处的动词为谓语动词，而且没有
主语，很容易想到是祈使句。而且根据句意：“均摊成本，包括为鼓手租用任何设备的
成本，例如铜钹，你们一起摇滚，一起打鼓！”
Interestingly, it is on the same beach where they were born (27) __________ the females lay their
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eggs.
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【答案】27.that
As a result of showing up, Jason took opportunities (27) ________ got him closer to his goal. He
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sent work to a student show and was accepted by Robin Rule, the owner of Rule Gallery.
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【答案】27. and
It won't be until we follow them over time (22)________we will see if there are outcomes that are
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associated with the differences that we're seeing in this single snapshot
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【答案】22.that2019上海秋 73.和学生时代的他相比，那名士兵简直判若两人。(How)
考 【答案】73. How different a person the soldier now is from what he was at school!
71.羽毛球馆空无一人，为什么灯还亮着？(how come)
2021上海春
【答案】The badminton court/hall/gym/stadium is empty, but /and how come the light(s) is/are
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still on?
2019上海春 71.究竟是什么激发了小王学习电子工程的积极性?(motivate)
考 【答案】What is it that motivates Xiao Wang to learn electronic engineering?
【思维导图】
【知识梳理】
考点一：强调句1．陈述句式：It is/was...that/who...(强调人时可用that或who，强调物时只用that)
一般疑问句：Is/Was ＋it＋...that/who...?
特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词＋ is / was i t ＋ that ＋ 句子的其余部分?
It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.
正是当我回到公寓的时候，我第一次遇到我的新邻居们。
Was it on a lonely island that he was saved one month after the boat went down?
他是在船沉了一个月之后在一个荒岛上被救的吗？
What is it that you want me to do？你要我干什么？
Who was it that broke the window？打破窗户的是谁？
When was it that he made up his mind to take this course? 他什么时候决定选修这一课程的？
2．“not...until...”的强调句：It is/was not until...that...(注意时态)
It was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.
直到我来到这儿，我才知道这个地方出名不仅因为它的美，还因为它的天气。
备注： 强调谓语，用助动词帮助强调，有人称和数的变化
(1)eg. Do be careful!
(2)eg. He did tell me the news.
(3)eg. She does love talking.
(4)eg. Do teach him a lesson!
考点二：感叹句
1．what引导的感叹句
(1)What＋a/an＋(adj.)＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语！
(2)What＋(adj.)＋不可数名词/复数名词＋主语＋谓语！
2．how引导的感叹句
(1)How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！
(2)How＋adj.＋a/an＋单词名词＋主语＋谓语！
(3)How＋主语＋谓语！
What a strange plant(＝How strange a plant)! I've never seen it before.
这种植物真奇怪！我以前从未见过。
The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face.
这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。
考点三：祈使句
①祈使句＋and/or＋简单句
②名词词组(多含有more，another)＋and＋简单句Call me tomorrow and I'll let you know the lab result.
明天给我打电话，我会让你知道实验结果的。
Start out right away，or we'll miss the first train.
立刻出发，否则的话，我们将要错过首班车。
考点四：with引导的复合结构
with引导的复合结构，相当于在前述各种独立主格结构前加上with，因此，一般认为这也是一种独立主格
结构
A woman got on the bus，with a baby around her arms.
The teacher came in with several students following behind.
With a lot of things to deal with, he will have a difficult time.
He left the office with the lights on.
Mary rushed out of the house with the door open.
考点五：there be句型
1.there be 句型中的 be可以有不同的时态，可以和助动词或情态动词连用。并且 be有时可用 live，
remain，stand，lie，exist，seem to be，appear to be，happen to be，used to be等替换。
There have been many great changes in our country since then.
Once upon a time there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.
2.there be句型的常考句型：
There is no point/sense (in) doing sth.做某事没有意义
There is no doubt that...毫无疑问……
There is no need (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)没有必要做某事
There is (no) difficulty/trouble in doing/ with sth.做某事(没)有困难
There is (no) possibility of (doing) sth./that...(做)某事(没)有可能
3. there be结构的非谓语动词形式
There be 结构的非谓语动词形式是there to be 和there being 两种形式。在句中作主语、宾语和状语。
I expect there to be no argument about this.
I never dreamed of there being any good chance for me.
There being nothing else to do，we went home. (there be句型的独立主格结构)
句子翻译（注意特殊句式用法）
强调：It is/was + 被强调成分 + that... 是/正是.......1.正是通过远程教育，玛丽学会了如何进行个人投资。 （It）
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It is through distance education that Mary learns how to make personal investment
2.在有些情况下，重要的不是结果，而是你是否享受了这个过程。(matter)
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In some cases what matters is not the result but whether you enjoy the process.
3.就是在我们经常购物的那家超市我偶然遇到了我们过去的班主任。(It)
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It was in the supermarket where we often went shopping that I met with our former class teacher.
4.是什么使他在一次交通事故中丧命？(cost)
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What is it that makes him cost his life in an accident?
强调：Do + 动词原形 务必 ......
= Be sure to + 动词原形
5. 为了您的家庭幸福，务必遵守交通规则。（Do...）
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Do obey / observe / keep / follow traffic rules for the happiness of your family.
祈使句，+and /or +陈述句
1. 学习更努力些，你就会被你一直梦想的那所大学录取。(and)
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Study harder and you will be admitted into the university which you have been dreaming of.
2.请尽早做出决定，不然你会坐失良机。（or）
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Please make a decision as soon as possible or you will miss the golden chance.
感叹句： What +a/an +adj+n(单)+S+V ! / What +adj+n(复)+S+V ! / What+adj+n(不可数)+S+V !
How +adj +a(an) + n(单)+S+V !
How +句子 !
1. 夏日炎炎之时游泳，该多轻松痛快啊！（How）
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How relaxing and enjoyable swimming is in the hot summer!
2. 我多想念在老家度过的日子！(miss)
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How much I miss the days which I spent in the hometown.
There be句型：没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。(than) 2014年秋考
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There is nothing more exciting than being allowed to take part in the space travel program.
语法单句填空练习（强调句、祈使句、疑问句等其它特殊句式）
1．It was the ship brought Henry to England. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【详解】考查强调句。句意：就是那艘船把亨利带到了英国。分析句子结构可知，去掉 It was和空格后，
句子完整，因此本句是强调句，被强调部分是the ship，因此空格处填that。故填that。
2． was because he was seriously ill that he didn’t go to school yesterday. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】It
【详解】考查强调句。句意：因为他病得很重，昨天才没去上学。强调句型为“It is/was+被强调部分
+that/who+其他部分”，此处强调 because he was seriously ill 这个原因状语从句，故填 It。
3．It is not until spring came the trees started to blossom. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【详解】考查强调句。句意：直到春天来了，树木才开始开花。It is not until...that...为强调句，意为“直
到……才……”，此处对时间状语进行强调。故填that。
4．It was not until his third match in 1790 he finally beat Humphries and became champion of England.
(用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【详解】考查强调句。句意：直到1790年的第三场比赛，他才最终击败汉弗莱斯，成为英国的冠军。此处
为强调句：It is/ was not until +被强调部分+ that +其它部分。故填that。
5．It is due to the lack of job experiences many college graduates are turned down in the job market. (用
适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【详解】考查强调句型。句意：正是由于缺乏工作经历，许多大学毕业生在就业市场上被拒之门外。本题
使用了强调句型“It is... that/who...”，被强调部分为“due to the lack of job experiences”，在原句中作状语，
则强调句型中使用that不使用who，故填that。
6．It was my headteacher I respect most helped me out whenever I was in trouble. (用适当的词填空)【答案】who/that
【详解】考查强调句型。句意：每当我遇到困难时，帮助我的是我最尊敬的班主任。分析句子可知，本句
是强调句型“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who(被强调部分是人时可用who)+其他”，本句中被强调部分是主
语my headteacher，指人，故填who或that。
7．I have never imagined there (be) such a good hotel in this town. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】being
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我从来没有想到这个镇上会有这么好的旅馆。作imagined的宾语，固定
短语imagine doing意为“想象做某事”，因此应用be的动名词形式，there being是there be句型的非限定
形式。故填being。
8．In the last 500 million years, there (be) five times when life on Earth has almost ended. (所给词的
适当形式填空)
【答案】have been
【详解】考查there be句型和时态。句意：在过去的5亿年里，地球上有五次生命几乎灭绝。根据时间状
语In the last 500 million years可知，句子用现在完成时。此处考查there be句型，主语five times为复数形式
助动词用have。故填have been。
9．We expect there (be) a lot of discussions about the problem.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to be
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们期望能对这个问题展开更多的讨论。此处考查动词短语 expect to
do，意为“期待去做”，设空处应用there be的不定式结构，作expect的宾语，构成固定结构expect there to
be，意为“期望有”。故填to be。
10．List the pros and cons, you’ll make a better decision. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】and
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：列出利弊，你会做出更好的决定。“祈使句+and+一般将来时”为固定句
型，and为连词，连接前后两个句子，表示顺承关系。故填and。
11． (make) good use of learning resources such as the website and the library, and you will make great
progress. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Make
【详解】考查祈使句。句意：充分利用网站和图书馆等学习资源，你会取得很大的进步。分子句子可知，
该句为“祈使句+and+将来时”句式，故空处应用动词原形构成祈使句，位于句首首字母大写。故填
Make。
12． (replace) the flat tyre with a new one and move on. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】Replace
【详解】考查祈使句。句意：把漏气的轮胎换一个新的，然后继续前进。祈使句表示请求、命令、建议等，
谓语动词一律用原形，主语通常为第二人称，其句子主语常常省略。分析句子可知，本句为 and连接的两
个祈使句，所以空处用动词原形，处于句首，首字母大写。 故填Replace。
13． eating too much junk food, or you will have chronic diseases sooner or later. (avoid) (所给词的适
当形式填空)【答案】Avoid
【详解】考查祈使句。句意：避免吃太多垃圾食品，否则你迟早会患上慢性病。分析句子可知，这里考查
祈使句 + and / or + 陈述句，为固定句型，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Avoid。
14． turn off all the lights before leaving the classroom. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】Do
【详解】考查动词。句意：在离开教室之前把灯关上。根据句子分析，可知本句是一个祈使句，句子不缺
谓语动词，祈使句的主语为you，因此横线上用助动词do来表示对动作的强调，且do置于句首首字母大
写。故填Do。
15．Don’t be discouraged. (take) things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life. （用适
当的词填空）
【答案】Take
【详解】考查祈使句。句意：不要气馁。顺其自然，你会享受生活中的每一天。本句为“祈使句+and+陈
述句”句型，空处应用动词原形形式，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Take。
16．The little boy came riding at full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. a dangerous scene it
was!（用适当的词填空）
【答案】What
【详解】考查感叹句。分析句子结构可知此处为感叹句。感叹句分两种情况，第一种是how引导的感叹句，
how修饰形容词或副词，其结构是“How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语”；第二种情况时what引导的感叹句，
其结构是“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语；What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语；
What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语”。根据空后的a dangerous scene可知此处是what引导的感叹句。故
填What。
17． fascinating it is to go hiking in the country park in the cool autumn! (用适当的词填空)
【答案】How
【详解】考查感叹句。句意：在凉爽的秋天去郊野公园远足是多么令人心驰神往啊！此句为感叹句
“How+形容词+it is to do sth.”意为“做某事是多么……”，因此空格处填how“(用于感叹句中以强调形容词
副词或句子) 多么”，在句中对形容词fascinating进行强调，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，故填How。
18．Never (make) fun of others when they are crying because you may never fully understand what
tough times they’ve gone through. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】make
【详解】考查祈使句。句意：当别人哭泣时，千万不要取笑他们，因为你可能永远都不会完全理解他们经
历了多么艰难的时刻。空处为主句谓语动词，结合语境，表示建议，此处为祈使句的否定形式，应用
“never+动词原形”。故填make。
19．In doing so, you’ll be able to see what it is you admire in this person. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【详解】考查强调句型。句意：通过这样做，你可以看明白你到底欣赏这个人的什么品质。根据句意可知，
宾语从句句意完整，不缺成分，与强调句的特殊疑问句相似，即疑问词+is (was) it+that+句子其他成分，这
里放在动词see后面作宾语从句，故使用了陈述语序，即疑问词+it is+that+句子其他成分，这里的it is和that只是强调句的形式标志，不做任何成分，故填that。
20．Was it on that lonely island the family finally settled down? (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【详解】考查强调句型。句意：这家人最终是在那座孤岛上定居下来的吗? 分析句子可知，本句为 It
be ...that/who强调句型，强调介词短语“on that lonely island”，所以空处应用连词that。故填that。
句子翻译
21．正是我们悠久的历史和灿烂的文明使我们形成了强烈的民族认同感。(It) (汉译英)
【答案】It is our long history and splendid civilization that shape our strong sense of national identity.
【详解】考查强调句。句子描述现在的客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语“我们悠久的历史和灿烂的文
明”our long history and splendid civilization，“使我们形成了强烈的民族认同感”即“形成了我们的强烈的
民族认同感”，“形成”shape，主语是our long history and splendid civilization，谓语动词使用原形形式，
后接宾语“我们的强烈的民族认同感”our strong sense of national identity，根据句意可知，本句可使用强调
句型“It is/was +被强调部分+that+其他.”，句子使用一般现在时，be动词使用is，被强调部分为our long
history and splendid civilization，故翻译为 It is our long history and splendid civilization that shape our strong
sense of national identity.
22．我们为他人撑伞正是因为我们曾经淋过雨。 ( It … ) (汉译英)
【答案】It is because we have once been caught in the rain that we hold umbrellas for others.
【详解】考查动词以及强调句。分析句子可知，“因为我们曾经淋过雨” 是原因状语从句，使用 because
引导从句，“淋过雨”应使用动词短语be caught in the rain，根据句意可知，原因状语从句应使用现在完成
时，因此，从句可以翻译成because we have once been caught in the rain。“撑伞”的英语是hold umbrellas，
句子陈述现在状态，时态使用一般现在时，因此本句可以翻译成We hold umbrellas for others because we have
once been caught in the rain。根据题目要求使用“It …”句型，可以把句子写成强调句结构，强调的是原因状
语从句“因为我们曾经淋过雨”，故翻译为 It is because we have once been caught in the rain that we hold
umbrellas for others.
23．直到踏上那片新大陆他才发现自己对这个世界知之甚少。(It) (汉译英)
【答案】It was not until he set foot on the new land that he found how little he had known about the world.
【详解】考查强调句型、动词短语、宾语从句和时态。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，该句应为It is…
that…的强调句型，结合被强调部分表示“直到……才……”的意思，所以该句应为 it is not until…that…是
强调状语not until…的一个特殊句型。表示“踏上那片新大陆”应为动词短语set foot on the new land；表示
“发现自己对这个世界知之甚少”应为how little引导的宾语从句，其中，表示“这个世界知之甚少”可译
为he had known about the world。结合句意可知，该句应为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故翻译为：It was not until he set foot on the new land that he found how little he had known about the world.
24．正是在古城墙上，游客们能看到整个城市的风景。(强调句；view) (汉译英)
【答案】It is on the ancient city wall that tourists can enjoy the view of the whole city.
【详解】考查强调句型。根据中文提示可知，此处强调的是地点“在古城墙上”译为 on the ancient city
wall，用It is…that句型强调，表示“游客们”用tourists，表示“能看到”用can enjoy，宾语表示“整个城
市的风景”用the view of the whole city。综上所述，故翻译为It is on the ancient city wall that tourists can enjoy
the view of the whole city.
25．在十九世纪中期，杂志发展成为公众流行娱乐的主要来源。(It be….that)
【答案】It was during the mid-nineteenth century that the magazine developed into the main source of popular
entertainment for the general public.
【详解】考查时态，强调句和固定短语。题目要求翻译为强调句，结构是“It is/was+被强调的部
分+who/that+其余部分”，句中强调的是时间“在十九世纪中期”，是during the mid-nineteenth century，是
过去的时间，因此时态用一般过去时，“杂志”是the magazine，“发展成为”是develop into，时态用一般
过去时，“……的主要来源”是the main source of，“公众流行娱乐”是popular entertainment for the general
public，因此整句话翻译为“It was during the mid-nineteenth century that the magazine developed into the main
source of popular entertainment for the general public”。故答案为It was during the mid-nineteenth century that the
magazine developed into the main source of popular entertainment for the general public.
26．在田野里奔跑，看夕阳西下，我们是多么享受简单而纯粹的童年啊！(how) （汉译英）
【答案】Running in the fields and watching the sun set, how much we enjoyed the simple and pure childhood!
【详解】考查感叹句、非谓语动词。根据汉语提示，表示“在田野里奔跑”含义的表达为：run in the
fields，因该动词短语在句子中作状语，且与其逻辑主语 we之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词
running；表示“看夕阳西下”含义的表达为：watch the sun set，因该动词短语在句子中作状语，且与其逻
辑主语we之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词watching；“我们是多么享受简单而纯粹的童年
啊！”为感叹句，使用感叹词how，表示“多么”含义的表达为：how much；表示“享受”含义的动词为：
enjoy，因句子表示的是过去的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时；表示“简单而纯粹的童年”含义的表达为：
the simple and pure childhood，故翻译为：Running in the fields and watching the sun set, how much we enjoyed
the simple and pure childhood!
27．边喝咖啡边欣赏上海夜景多惬意呀!(How) (汉译英)
【答案】How pleasant /pleased it is to enjoy/appreciate the night view of Shanghai while drinking coffee.
【详解】考查感叹句和固定句型。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时；表示“多么”应用 how；表示“惬
意”应用pleasant/pleased；表示“欣赏”应用enjoy/appreciate；it is +adj.+to do...为固定句型，it为形式主语，
动词不定式为真正的主语，enjoy/appreciate位于动词不定式符号to后面，使用动词原形；表示“上海夜
景”应用the night view of Shanghai，主句为感叹句，修饰的中心词为形容词，需用How+adj+主语+谓语！
这个句型；表示“当……时候”应用while；表示“喝咖啡”应用drink coffee，此处使用现在分词形式作状
语。故翻译成：How pleasant /pleased it is to enjoy/appreciate the night view of Shanghai while drinking coffee.
28．与学生时代的他相比，那位教授简直判若两人。(how)（汉译英）
【答案】Compared with what he was like back in school, how different a person the professor is !【详解】考查短语、动词时态和感叹句。表示“与……相比”短语为compare with ；“学生时代的他”意
思是“他学生时代的样子”，是一种过去的状态，用一般过去时，可翻译为what he was like back in school；
how意为“多么”，可引导感叹句，句型为“how + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语”。“那位教授简直判若
两人”的意思是“那位教授前后差别很大”，故可翻译为how different a person the professor is。根据句意，
此句描写的是一种看法，故主句用一般现在时。分析句子可知，what he was like back in school和compare是
被动关系，用过去分词表被动，作句子的状语。故翻译为Compared with what he was like back in school, how
different a person the professor is !
29．她心脏手术后一个月就彻底康复了，这真是个奇迹！(What)（汉译英）
【答案】What a miracle it is/was that she completely/fully recovered/(she was fully recovered) one month after the
operation on her heart/after her heart operation/after she had an operation on her heart!
【详解】考查动词，名词，固定搭配和感叹句。根据句意可知，“她心脏手术后一个月就彻底康复了”应
用一般过去时；“这真是个奇迹”可用一般现在或一般过去时。用what引导感叹句表示“真是个奇迹”句
子为What a miracle it is/was；表示“她彻底康复”句子为 she completely/fully recovered，或she was fully
recovered；表示“心脏手术之后一个月”短语为one month after the opeartion on her heart，one month after her
heart operation或one month after she had an operation on her heart。故翻译为What a miracle it is/was that she
completely/fully recovered/(she was fully recovered) one month after the operation on her heart/after her heart
operation/after she had an operation on her heart!
30．这个印象派作品的展览到下周末就结束了，太令人遗憾了。(pity)
【答案】What a pity it is that the exhibition of impressionist paintings will be over next weekend!
【详解】考查固定短语。固定短语what a pity“真遗憾；很可惜”；固定短语impressionist paintings“印象派
作品”，根据句意可知主句为一般现在时，从句为一般将来时。故填 What a pity it is that the exhibition of
impressionist paintings will be over next weekend!。
31．秋高气爽，到郊野公园去远足是多么令人心驰神往啊！(it) (汉译英）
【答案】How fascinating / What a fascinating thing it is to go hiking in the country park in (the) clear and fresh
autumn (weather)!
【详解】考查短语、时态、代词和感叹句。 go hiking去远足；in the park 在公园。句中用it作形式主语，
真正的主语为不定式。感叹句的结构为：What+a/an+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语! 或者How+形容
词(副词)+主语+谓语!陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。根据句意，故翻译为 How fascinating / What a
fascinating thing it is to go hiking in the country park in (the) clear and fresh autumn (weather)!
32．不要劝他为明天的面试做准备了，因为问题是随机选择的。(persuade) (汉译英)
【答案】Don’t persuade him to prepare for tomorrow’s interview, because the questions are chosen at random.
【详解】考查祈使句、时态语态和状语从句。表示“劝某人做某事”短语为 persuade sb. to do sth.，主句为
否定祈使句；表示“为……准备”短语为 prepare for；表示“明天的面试”短语为tomorrow’s interview；
because引导原因状语从句，主语为复数名词the questions；表示“选择”应用动词choose，与主语构成被
动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态；表示“随机”短语为at random。故翻译为Don’t persuade him to prepare
for tomorrow’s interview, because the questions are chosen at random.33．请记住，保持平衡的生活状态是避免紧张的最好方式。(bear) (汉译英)
【答案】Bear in mind that maintaining a balanced lifestyle is the best way to avoid stress.
【详解】考查宾语从句、非谓语动词、祈使句。表示“请记住”用祈使句结构，动词原形开头，翻译为
bear in mind，后面用that引出宾语从句，“保持平衡的生活状态”为从句主语，用 maintain a balanced
lifestyle，动名词作主语放在句首，表示“是……的最好方式”用is the best way to do，一般现在时，表示
“避免紧张”用avoid stress。故翻译为Bear in mind that maintaining a balanced lifestyle is the best way to avoid
stress.
34．冷静，别让焦虑影响你的表现。（or）（汉译英）
【答案】Calm down, or you will/may let anxiety affect your performance.
【详解】考查短语和句型。此处为“祈使句+or+简单句”；表示“冷静”短语为calm down；后一句主语
为you；表示“让”应用动词let，且may或will后跟动词原形；表示“焦虑”应用名词anxiety；表示“影
响你的表现”翻译为affect your performance。故翻译为Calm down, or you will/may let anxiety affect your
performance.
35．顺便问一下，你是否考虑去听后天的讲座? （consider）（汉译英）
【答案】By the way, do you consider attending the lecture the day after tomorrow?
【详解】考查动词和一般疑问句。“顺便问一下”为短语 by the way，“考虑做某事”为consider doing
sth，“后天”为the day after tomorrow，“听后天的讲座”表达为attend the lecture the day after tomorrow，
本句询问现在的事情，表达为一般疑问句，用一般现在时，主语为“你（you）”，用助动词为do置于主
语之前，故翻译为：By the way, do you consider attending the lecture the day after tomorrow?
36．你今天下午方便抽空来跟我见个面吗？（convenient）（汉译英）
【答案】Would it be convenient for you to meet me this afternoon?
【详解】考查固定句型和形容词。根据句意和提示词，该句应使用固定句型“it be convenient for sb. to do
sth.”，其中it为形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语，convenient意为“方便的”作表语，该句为疑问句，
且语气比较委婉，所以谓语动词应为would be，疑问句应将would提至it之前，位于句首，首字母需大写；
表示“你”应为you作不定式的逻辑主语；表示“跟我见个面”应为meet me，用不定式形式作真正主语；
表示“今天下午”应为 this afternoon作时间状语。故翻译为 Would it be convenient for you to meet me this
afternoon?
37．我刚才一不小心点了“提交申请”，还有可能撤回吗？(there be)(汉译英)
【答案】I have just clicked (on) “Submit Application” by mistake/accident, so is there any possibility of withdrawing
it?
【详解】考查时态、固定短语、there be句型的一般疑问句式。表示“点击”含义的表达为：click (on)，因
句子表示的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，谓语动词使用现在完成时；表示“刚刚”含义的表达为：just；表示“提交申请”含义的表达为：Submit Application；表示“不小心”含义的表达为：by mistake或
by accident；表示“还有可能撤回吗？”含义的表达为：is there any possibility of withdrawing it?，该句为一
般疑问句，因句子表达的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，用 so连接，故翻译为：I have just
clicked (on) “Submit Application” by mistake/accident, so is there any possibility of withdrawing it?
38．他是个出尔反尔的人，你难道没看出来吗？(whose) (汉译英)
【答案】Don’t you see he is a man whose words contradict themselves/whose words conflict with one another/whose
words are not consistent/whose words don’t correspond with one another?
【详解】考查动词时态，短语和定语从句。句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，“你难道没看出来
吗”是反问句，译为“don’t you...?”，“看出来”使用动词see，“他是个出尔反尔的人”译为一个宾语从
句he is a man whose words contradict themselves，作动词see的宾语，其中whose引导定语从句，修饰先行
词man，宾语从句结构、意义完整，应用that引导，that可省略，故翻译为：Don’t you see he is a man whose
words contradict themselves/whose words conflict with one another/whose words are not consistent/whose words
don’t correspond with one another?。
39．对于户外活动的爱好者们来说，有从骑行到观鸟的各种活动。(range) (汉译英)
【答案】For lovers of the outdoors, there are activities ranging from biking to birdwatching.
【详解】考查短语，there be句型和非谓语动词。根据中文句意可知，描述事实情况，为一般现在时。表示
“对于……来说”用介词for，表示“户外活动的爱好者”用lovers of the outdoors，表示“有……”用there
be句型，表示“活动”用activities，作主语，表示“从骑行到观鸟的”用非谓语动词修饰activities，“活
动activities”与range构成逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词作定语，表示“从骑行到观鸟”用from biking to
birdwatching。故翻译为For lovers of the outdoors, there are activities ranging from biking to birdwatching.
40．电影里出现了许多主人公穿越沙漠的场景，象征着一种自我发现和成长的过程。(there) (汉译英)
【答案】In the film, there are many scenes of the hero crossing the desert, symbolizing/which symbolizes a process
of self-discovery and growth.
【详解】考查动词时态和固定句型。句子陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，状语“电影里”应用 in the
film；表示“出现了许多主人公的场景”应用there are many scenes of the hero；表示“穿越沙漠”应用cross
the desert，修饰名词hero，二者为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式作后置定语；表示“象征着”应用
symbolize，此处可以用非谓语动词作状语，表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词形式，也可以处理为非限制
性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导，symbolize使用第三人
称单数形式；宾语“一种自我发现和成长的过程”应用a process of self-discovery and growth。故翻译成：In
the film, there are many scenes of the hero crossing the desert, symbolizing/which symbolizes a process of self-
discovery and growth.
41. 这个方案还有争议，我们还是再深入讨论一下吧。（controversial）(汉译英)
【答案】The plan is still controversial, so let’s discuss it in more detail.
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。表示“这个方案还有争议”用主系表结构，结合提示词，可译为 The plan is stillcontroversial；表示“我们还是再深入讨论一下吧。”可用so连接并列句，表示“深入讨论”用discuss sth.
in more detail，因此译为so let’s discuss it in more detail。故译为：The plan is still controversial, so let’s discuss it
in more detail.
42. 宿舍里空无一人却门户大开，要是进贼了可怎么办? (what if)(汉译英)
【答案】No one is in the dormitory with the door wide open, and what if a thief comes in?
【解析】
【详解】考查what if的句型。根据句意可知，本句表示的是说现在的状况，所以时态用一般现在时；表示
“宿舍里空无一人”用no one is in the dormitory；表示“门户大开”用with的复合结构with the door wide
open，作状语；表示“如果……怎么办？”用句式what if ...；表示“贼进来了”用 a thief comes in，结合
汉语，故翻译为：No one is in the dormitory with the door wide open, and what if a thief comes in?
43. 这部春节档电影明星云集，情节曲折，制作精良，实现了票房与口碑的双丰收。(release) （汉译英）
【答案】The film released during the Spring Festival holiday, with/featuring a large number of stars, complicated
story/plot and excellent production, ①was (is) a success/hit at the box office and received (has received) good/favorable
reviews (as well). ②was(is) a box-office success/hit and spoken highly of.③was (is) successful both at the box office
and reviews.
OR: Due to/Because of/Owing to/ Thanks to/On account of a large number of stars, complicated story/plot and
excellent production, the film released during the Spring Festival holiday ①was (is) a success/hit at the box office
and received(has received) good/favorable reviews (as well). ②was a box-office success/hit and spoken highly of.
③was successful both at the box office and reviews.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、名词及时态。“这部春节档电影”使用 the film released during the Spring Festival
holiday，作主语，released属于过去分词作定语，“明星云集”可以使用a large number of stars，“情节曲
折”使用complicated story/plot，“制作精良”使用excellent production，使用介词with或现在分词featuring
连接后面成分，作定语，“实现了票房与口碑的双丰收”属于谓语部分，“票房”使用the box office，“口
碑”使用good/favorable reviews。句子可以使用一般现在时或一般过去时。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为
The film released during the Spring Festival holiday, with/featuring a large number of stars, complicated story/plot
and excellent production, ①was (is) a success/hit at the box office and received (has received) good/favorable reviews
(as well). ②was(is) a box-office success/hit and spoken highly of.③was (is) successful both at the box office and
reviews.
44. 对于语言学习者来说，没有比能驾轻就熟地运用自己所掌握的大量词汇更有成就感的事了。(there be)
(汉译英)
【答案】For language learners, there is nothing more fulfilling than being able to use the vast vocabulary they have
mastered with ease.
【解析】【详解】考查固定句型和固定短语。表示“对于语言学习者来说”翻译为for language learners；表示“没有
比……更……”句型为 there is nothing+比较级…than…；表示“更有成就感”应用形容词比较级 more
fulfilling；表示“驾轻就熟地运用自己所掌握大量词汇”翻译为being able to use the vast vocabulary they have
mastered with ease，定语从句修饰vocabulary，省略了关系词。故翻译为For language learners, there is nothing
more fulfilling than being able to use the vast vocabulary they have mastered with ease.
2019年秋考
Interestingly, it is on the same beach where they were born (27) __________ the females lay their eggs.
27.that
[解析]考查强调句型。根据句意:“有趣的是，雌性产卵在它们出生的同一个海滩上，。”而且 It is+被强调
部分+that+其他部分,此处考查强调句句型,故用 that
2019年春考
As a result of showing up, Jason took opportunities (27) ________ got him closer to his goal. He sent work to a
student show and was accepted by Robin Rule, the owner of Rule Gallery.
27. and
【27题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：由于经常露面，他抓住所有机会，朝着自己的目标不断前进。分析句子可知，took
opportunities和got him closer都是句子谓语，为并列关系，故用并列连词and。
2018年秋考
It won't be until we follow them over time (22)________we will see if there are outcomes that are associated with
the differences that we're seeing in this single snapshot
22.that[解析]考查强调句型。It is+被强调部分+that其他。强调时间状语 until we follow them over time
打喷嚏时，务必用纸巾遮住口鼻。(Do) 2021年秋考
______________________________________________________________________
Do cover your mouth and nose with tissues/a tissue /paper towel/napkin when sneezing/you are sneezing.
究竟是什么激发小王学习电子工程的积极性？(motivate) 2019年春考______________________________________________________________________
What was it that motivated Xiao Wang to study / learn electronic engineering?
正因为她按部就班地实现了每一个短期目标，才会在科学领域不断有所突破。(It) 2017年春考
______________________________________________________________________
It was because she reached every short-term goal as planned /step by step that she kept breaking through in the field
of science.
2018年春考
少喝含糖的饮料，否则你会容易发胖。(or)
______________________________________________________________________
Don’t think too much sugary drinks, or it is easy for you to gain weight.
（2019年春考）
究竟是什么激发小王学习电子工程的积极性?( motivate)
【答案】What on earth has motivated Xiao Wang’s enthusiasm/ initiative to major in electronic engineering? 或：What
is it that motivates Xiao Wang to learn electronic engineering?
考点1：“究竟是什么”对应强调句型。What is it that
考点2: “激发” motivate sb to do sth
考点3：“电子工程”electronic engineering
（2021年春考）
羽毛球馆空无一人，为什么灯还亮着？(how come)
【答案】The badminton court/hall/gym/stadium is empty, but /and how come the light(s) is/are still on?
Or: How come the light is still on when there is nobody in the badminton stadium.
Or:There's nobody in the badminton stadium. How comes the light is still on?
此句中包含四字语“空无一人”, 这里需要注意how come和why的去区别，特别是在口语化的场景下大
量使用how come代替why，但是注意两者语序的差别，why后面是部分到状语序，而why是陈述语序。
（2019年秋考）
和学生时代的他相比，那名士兵简直判若两人。(How)
【答案】 How different a person the soldier now is from what he was at school!（2019·上海春考真题）
Start with the end and work backwards
When Jason Hoelscher was an undergraduate of fine art studies, there weren’t any professional development
classes. So ambition and the timely realization (21) ________ he would have to determine “what’s next” on his own
urged Jason to engage his future self to find direction. It was 1996, and he was finishing his BFA (Bachelor of Fine
Art) in Denver. He was faced with the choice of sitting back to wait for something (22) ________ (happen), or
pursuing a path into the unknown. He chose the latter.
Jason set up a plan that in five years he (23) _________ (show) his work in the top gallery in that area of the
country. This five-year goal gave him a starting point (24) ________ which to work backwards.
By setting the goal, all of Jason’s efforts (25) ________ (point) in the same direction. He showed up at different
art show openings, and researched as best he could to make (26) ________ familiar with the market environment.
As a result of showing up, Jason took opportunities (27) ________ got him closer to his goal. He sent work to a
student show and was accepted by Robin Rule, the owner of Rule Gallery. (28) ________ (inspire), Jason spent the
next month making new work.
In April of 1997, Jason went back to Rule Gallery with his new work. (29) ________ scared to death, he looked
confident at the gallery meeting. When he left, he left as the newest addition to the rule gallery roster (花名册). He
had his first exhibition there one year later.
Jason could have stopped with the show selection, but what he really wanted was gallery representation. He
struck while the iron was hot, and in (30) ________ (do) so, shortened his five-year plan into a year-and-a-half.
【答案】21. that 22. to happen 23. would show 24. from 25. pointed
26. himself 27. and 28. Inspired 29. Although 30. doing
【解析】
本文属于记叙文，介绍Jason Hoelscher为自己设定一个五年目标，不断努力，最终用一年半就实现了。
【21题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他自己决定自己要做什么的雄心和及时觉悟督促他自己找到未来的方向。分析句子
可知，he would have to determine “what’s next” on his own为限制性定语从句修饰先行词So ambition and the
timely realization，从句缺乏have 的宾语，故用关系代词that或者which。
【22题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他面临两个选择，第一个坐着等待事情的发生，另一个选择就是去探索未知的路。
分析句子可知，happen作后置定语修饰something，故用不定式to happen。
【23题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：他给自己设定了一个目标，用五年的时间，他要让他自己的作品在全国顶尖
艺术馆里被展出。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，show与he为主谓关系，故用主动语态，由于陈述过去
的计划和打算，故用过去将来时，综述用would show。
【24题详解】
考查介词。句意：这个五年时间的目标给了他一个起点，他可以从这个起点反向努力。分析句子可知，
which to work backwards为定语从句结构修饰先行词starting point，从句缺乏介词，根据先行词，故用介词from。
【25题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：通过设定目标，他的所有努力能向着同一个方向。分析句子可知，本句缺乏
谓语，point与主语efforts为主谓关系，故用主动语态，陈述过去事情，故用一般过去时pointed。
【26题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：他会出现在各个艺术展览开幕式，尽可能做研究来让自己熟悉市场环境。分析句子
可知，本句缺乏宾语，由于主语为he，宾语与主语为同一人称，故用反身代词himself。
【27题详解】
考查连词。句意：由于经常露面，他抓住所有机会，朝着自己的目标不断前进。分析句子可知，took
opportunities和got him closer都是句子谓语，为并列关系，故用并列连词and。
【28题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：深受启发，他花了一个月时间来创作新的作品。分析句子可知，inspire作状语修
饰he，与其属于动宾关系，故用过去分词形式Inspired。
【29题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：尽管害怕的要死，但是在展览会上看起来信心满满。分析句子可知，前后句属于转
折让步关系，故用连词Although。
【30题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他趁热打铁，通过这样做，把五年的目标用一年半的时间就实现了。In为介词后
接动词ing形式，故用doing。
