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备战2021年中考英语【名校各地好题必刷】全真模拟卷（北京专用）·3月卷
第一模拟
（本卷共39小题，满分60分，考试用时90分钟）
（知识运用共14分）
一、单项填空(共6分，每小题0.5分)
从下面所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项
1．（2020·北京丰台区·九年级三模）—Jason, don't make so much noise. Anna ______ for her math exam.
—Sorry, Mum. I won't.
A．studies B．is studying C．has studied D．studied
【答案】B
【详解】句意：—杰森，别这么吵。安娜正在为她的数学考试而学习。—对不起，妈妈。我不会了。根据
情景“don't make so much noise”可知安娜此时正在学习，所以用现在进行时；现在进行时结构为：be(am,
is ,are)+doing，故选B。
2．（2020·北京门头沟区·九年级二模）—What a nice picture! Can you tell me ______?
—Sure, in London.
A．where you took it B．where did you take it
C．where you will take it D．where will you take it
【答案】A
【详解】句意：—多么漂亮的照片啊！能告诉我你在哪里拍的吗？—当然，在伦敦。考查宾语从句。where you took it你在哪里拍的照片；where did you take it是疑问语序；where you will take it你将在哪里拍
照片；where will you take it疑问语序。根据句子结构可知，这里考查的是宾语从句，从句中应用陈述语序，
先排除B和D。由对话的情景可知，这个照片拍摄于过去的某个时候，应用一般过去时态，故选A。
3．（2020·北京门头沟区·九年级二模）—Must I hand in my book report this afternoon?
—No, you ______. You can hand it in next Monday.
A．needn’t B．wouldn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意：—我今天下午一定要交读书报告吗？—不，你不需要，你可以下周一交。考查情态动词辨
析。needn’t不需要；wouldn’t不会；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该。问句中用must提问时，否定回答用
needn’t，表示“不需要”。故选A。
4．（2020·北京昌平区·九年级二模）—Excuse me, could you tell me ______?
—It's hard to say now. It won't reopen until it's safe for us to get together.
A．when the cinema will reopen B．when did the cinema reopen
C．when will the cinema reopen D．when the cinema reopened
【答案】A
【详解】句意：—打扰一下，你能告诉我电影院什么时候重开吗？—现在还很难说。直到我们能安全地聚
会，它才会重新开放。考查宾语从句。宾语从句要使用陈述句的语序，即主语+谓语动词，所以选项B和
C语序错误，排除掉。根据句意，结合语境可知电影院现在还没有重开，所以这是提问的将来的情况，时
态应该用一般将来时，故选A。
5．（2020·北京房山区·九年级二模）Look! The little girl ______to the music. How beautiful!
A．dances B．will dance C．is dancing D．danced
【答案】C
【详解】句意：看！这个小女孩正和着音乐跳舞，多么美丽啊！考查现在进行时的用法。dances跳舞，一
般现在时单三形式；will dance跳舞，一般将来时；is dancing跳舞，现在进行时；danced跳舞，一般过去式。题干中的看，说明小女孩正在跳舞，用现在进行时态。故选C。
6．（2020·北京房山区·九年级二模）The little baby ______ in the bedroom when his mother came back.
A．was playing B．is playing C．plays D．will play
【答案】A
【详解】句意：当他的妈妈回来的时候，这个小男孩正在卧室里玩耍。考查过去进行时的用法。根据句中
的时间状语从句“when his mother came back”可知在那一刻这个小男孩正在玩耍，表示在过去某个时间正
在进行的动作，所以用过去进行时，其结构是：was/were+动词的现在分词，故选A。
7．（2020·北京海淀区·九年级二模）My grandparents told me ______ 20 years ago.
A．how did they go to work B．how they went to work
C．how do they go to work D．how they go to work
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我的爷爷奶奶告诉我他们20年前是如何工作的。考查宾语从句。how did they go to work他
们是如何工作的，一般过去时，疑问句语序；how they went to work他们是如何工作的，一般过去时，陈述
句语序；how do they go to work他们是如何工作的，一般现在时，疑问句语序；how they go to work他们是
如何工作的，一般现在时，陈述句语序。宾语从句需要陈述句语序，排除 A和C；根据主句told可知，
“主过从必过”，从句需要用过去的时态，排除D。故选B。
8．（2020·北京海淀区·九年级二模）Mike was playing the piano while his mother ______in the kitchen.
A．was cooking B．is cooking C．had cooked D．cooks
【答案】A
【详解】句意：当他的妈妈在厨房里做饭时，Mike正在弹钢琴。考查时态辨析。A项是过去进行时；B项
是现在进行时；C项是过去完成时；D项是一般现在时。根据语境分析可知，Mike的妈妈在厨房里做饭同
时他在弹钢琴，且用的是过去进行时，所以妈妈正在做饭也应该用过去进行时。故选A。
9．（2020·北京丰台区·九年级三模）Online learning ______ by more people because it's convenient.
A．accepts B．accepted C．is accepted D．was accepted【答案】C
【详解】句意：由于方便，网络学习被更多的人所接受。考查时态。A为一般现在时，主动语态；B一般
过去时，主动语态；C为一般现在时态的被动语态；D一般过去时态的被动语态。根据从句 because it's
convenient可知，主句应该使用一般现在时；根据online learning与accept之间构成被动的关系可知，应该
选C。
10．（2020·清华大学附属中学昌平学校九年级月考）The welcome party will be held ______ the evening of
May 1st.
A．in B．at C．to D．on
【答案】D
【详解】句意：欢迎派对将会在5月1号晚上举行。考查时间介词的辨析。in当……时，表示一段时间，
如世纪，年代，季节和月份等；at在，用于具体时间点前；to差，朝，去；on在……时，用于具体某日或
某日的上午，下午，晚上前。题干中表示具体某天的晚上，介词用on。故选D。
11．（2020·北京海淀区·海淀实验中学九年级月考）—Must I wear a shirt for the party？
—No, you ______.It’s just a party for good friends.
A．can't B．couldn't C．mustn't D．needn't
【答案】D
【详解】句意：—晚会上我必须穿衬衣吗？—不，没必要。这仅仅是好朋友的聚会。考查情态动词。can’t
不可能；couldn’t 不能；mustn’t 禁止；needn’t 不必。在回答 must 开头的一般疑问句时，否定回答用
needn’t或don’t have to，故选D。
【点睛】
带有情态动词的一般疑问句的肯否定回答。Can…?肯定回答：Yes, 主语+can，否定回答：No, 主语
+can’t；Could…?肯定回答：Yes, 主语+could，否定回答：No, 主语+couldn’t；Must…?肯定回答：Yes, 主
语+must，否定回答：No, 主语+needn’t/don’t(doesn’t)have to；Need…?肯定回答：Yes, 主语+must，否定回
答：No, 主语+needn’t。
12．（2020·北京海淀区·清华附中九年级月考）—Mrs. Green, could you please tell us ______ the filmtogether?
—Sure. Next Wednesday.
A．when we watched B．when we will watch C．when did we watch D．when will we watch
【答案】B
【详解】句意：—格林太太，你能告诉我们什么时候一起看电影吗？—当然。下周三。考查宾语从句。根
据宾语从句要用陈述语序，故排除C和D；根据答语“Sure. Next Wednesday.”可知，从句要用一般将来时
态形式，应填when we will watch故排除A，故选B。
二、完型填空(共8分，每小题1分)
（2020·北京市十一学校九年级月考）
―Sixteen, I said. I have forgotten the math question my second-grade teacher, Joyce Cooper, asked that day,
but I will never forget my answer. As soon as the number left my mouth, the whole class started laughing. I felt like
the 13 person in the world.
Mrs. Cooper 14 them with a firm look. Then she said, ―We’re all here to learn.
Once Mrs. Cooper asked us to write a report about what we hoped to do in the future. I wrote: ―I want to be a
teacher like Mrs. Cooper.
She wrote on my report, ―You would 15 an outstanding teacher because you are determined and you try
hard. I was to carry those 16 in my heart for the 27 years.
After I graduated from high school, I got married and had children.
We needed money just to get by. College and teaching were impossible.
Then one day I thought of my dream. I talked it over with my family and 17 to attend college classes in
the mornings before work. And when I got home from work, I would study. Finally, after seven years, my dream
had been realized and I became a teacher.
Not long after I started teaching, something happened that brought the past rushing back to me. I had written a
sentence with grammatical errors on the blackboard. Then I asked students to come and 18 the mistakes.One girl got halfway through, became 19 and stopped. As the other children laughed, tears rolled down
her cheeks. I gave her a hug and told her to have a drink of water. Then, remembering Mrs. Cooper, I fixed the
20 of the class with a firm look. ―We are all here to learn, I said.
13．A．cleverest B．happiest C． stupidest D．shiest
14．A．looked B．stared C．saw D．fixed
15．A．make B．change C．return D．develop
16．A．teachers B．reports C．words D．classmates
17．A．supposed B．decided C．promised D．agreed
18．A．prove B．correct C．check D．read
19．A．mad B．excited C．confident D．confused
20．A．rest B．most C．whole D．half
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了我在学习的时候遇见了一位优秀的老师，让我也有了做老师的梦想，后来
经过自己的努力，我终于成为了一名老师，遇见了自己做学生的时候的同样的事情。表达出作者对自己老
师浓浓的感激之情。
【解析】
13．C句意：我感觉我是世界上最傻的人。cleverest最聪明的；happiest最开心的；stupidest最傻的；shiest
最害羞的。根据前文“As soon as the number left my mouth, the whole class started laughing.”可知，一说出答
案，全班开始哄堂大笑。所以我闹了笑话，被别人嘲笑了，我感觉自己是世界上最愚蠢的人。故选C。
14．D句意：Cooper老师用坚定的眼神盯着他们。looked看；stared盯；saw看见；fixed固定。根据前文
“As soon as the number left my mouth, the whole class started laughing.”可知，一说出答案，全班开始哄堂大
笑；以及本句和后文“Mrs. Cooper…them with a firm look… We’re all here to learn!”可知，他们嘲笑了我，
Cooper老师用坚定的眼神盯着他们，说我们都是来学习的。所以不要嘲笑别人，fix固定，这里表示两眼
直直地盯着，显示出老师的威严以及盯这个动作的坚决性。同时根据本文最后“Then, remembering Mrs.
Cooper, I fixed the…of the class with a firm look.”可知，这里也是fix，故选D。15．A句意：她在我的报告上写到，你会成为一个出色的老师因为你充满信心并且你很努力。make制作，
成为；change改变；return回归；develop发展。根据本句“…you would…an outstanding teacher because you
are determined and you try hard.”可知，你会成为一个出色的老师因为你充满信心并且你很努力。make在这
里是成为的意思，故选A。
16．C句意：在接下来的27年里我的心里永远都记得这些话。teachers老师；reports报告；words话语；
classmates同班同学。根据本句“I was to carry those…in my heart for the 27 years.”可知，在接下来的27年
里我的心里永远都记得这些话。这些话语是words，故选C。
17．B句意：我把这件事和家人谈了谈决定工作前去读大学课程。supposed猜想；decided决定；promised
许诺；agreed同意。根据前文和本句“Then one day I thought of my dream. I talked it over with my family
and…to attend college classes in the mornings before work.”可知，有一天作者想起了梦想。和家人说完后决定
去读大学。决定做某事，decide to do。故选B。
18．B句意：然后我让一个学生过来改正错误。prove证明；correct纠正改正；check检查；read读。根据
前文和本句“I had written a sentence with grammatical errors on the blackboard. Then I asked students to come
and…the mistakes.”可知，作者在黑板上写了有语法错误的句子，然后让学生过来改正错误。故选B。
19．D句意：一个女孩做到一半，开始困惑并停了下来。mad疯狂的；excited兴奋的；confident有信心的；
confused困惑的。根据本句“One girl got halfway through, became…and stopped.”可知，女孩做到一半，肯
定是困惑犹豫了。故选D。
20．A句意：然后，我想起了Cooper老师，我用坚定的表情盯着其余的学生。rest其余的；most大多数的；
whole全部的；half一半。根据前文以及本句“As the other children laughed, tears rolled down her cheeks. I
gave her a hug and told her to have a drink of water. Then, remembering Mrs. Cooper, I fixed the…of the class with
a firm look.”可知，女孩走到半路停了下来，肯定是困惑犹豫了。班里其他孩子开始笑话她。我给了孩子一
个拥抱，让她去喝口水，然后想起了Cooper，我像我的老师那样，用坚定的眼神让班里其他孩子安静下来。
故选A。
【点睛】
这是一篇记叙文。文讲述了我在学习的时候遇见了一位优秀的老师，她给予我的鼓励让我未来自己也
要成为这样的老师，后来，作者努力成为了一名老师，遇见了自己做学生的时候的同样的事情，想起了自
己的老师，鼓励了这个小女孩，表达出作者对自己老师浓浓的感激之情。完型填空考查学生在具体语境中运用语言的能力，综合性很强。做题时，应先通读短文，了解文章大意；然后根据上下文语境做题，同时
遇到不确定的选项，应该在通读文章的基础上选择正确的词，文章出现的词如果选项中有，选择的时候可
以参考借鉴。比如第14和20小题，“Mrs. Cooper…them with a firm look. Then, remembering Mrs. Cooper, I
fixed the…of the class with a firm look.”这里第20小题的fix，提示了第14小题的正确答案。
（阅读理解共36分）
三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。(共
26分，每小题2分，)
A
（2020·北京东城区·九年级二模）
Art and science may seem like polar opposites. One involves the creative ideas, and the other cold, hard
numbers — or some people believe so. In fact, both require a lot of creativity. People also use both to better
understand the world around us. Now, a study finds art also can help students remember better what they have
learned in science class.
Mariale Hardiman is an education expert at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Md. Back when she was a
school headmaster, she had noticed students seemed to remember more of what they had been taught when their
lessons had involved art. To test whether and how well art might really improve learning, Hardiman teamed up with
other researchers and six local schools.
The researchers created art-focused versions （版本）of traditional science lessons. In a traditional science
classroom, students might read aloud from a book. In the art-focused class, they might sing the information instead.
Each student in the experiment had both an art-focused class and a traditional one.
Before and after each period of the experiment, students took tests. They took a third one 10 weeks later. This
one tested how well they still remembered what they learned two months earlier. The team also looked at each
student's performance in a reading test. This let them compare how art and non-art classrooms influenced students
with different learning abilities.
Students who read at or above their grade level did just as well in both types of classes. Those who had lower
reading abilities got much more of the science if it had been taught in an art-focused class.Hardiman says some kids actually performed best in the third test months later. And classroom teachers
reported “many students continued to sing the songs they learned in an art-focused class after finishing the unit. "
Students who started in traditional classes performed better after they moved into an art-focused class. But
those who started in an art-focused class did well even when they went back to a traditional class. "Some continued
to draw or sing to help them remember information, Hardiman notes. "This suggests that the arts may help students
use creative ways of learning on their own. ”
Everyone benefits from the arts, Hardiman agrees. "All educators should learn how to use the arts as an
instructional tool to improve learning. "
21．Paragraph 2 mainly introduces ______.
A．the background of the experiment B．the researchers of the experiment
C．the conclusion of the experiment D．the design of the experiment
22．By studying the students’ reading performance, the researchers found______.
A．art had little influence on students' reading abilities
B．the students with good reading abilities performed better in art
C．the students who were good at science had better reading abilities
D．art helped the students with lower reading abilities learn science better
23．Students who started in an art-focused class still did well in a traditional class probably because ______.
A．they had mastered creative ways to learn
B．the art-focused class helped improve their memory
C．the art-focused class taught them how to learn on their own
D．they continued to sing the songs they learned in the art-focused class
【分析】
本文为一篇说明文，艺术和科学都具有创造性，研究者通过实验告诉我们，艺术的学习还有助于科学的学习。
【解析】
21．A细节理解题。根据“To test whether and how well art might really improve learning, Hardiman teamed up
with other researchers and six local schools.”可知，第二段主要讲述了为什么要做这个实验，即实验的背景知
识，故选A。
22．D细节理解题。根据文章内容“This suggests that the arts may help students use creative ways of learning
on their own.”可知，艺术可以帮助学生使用有创造力的方式去学习。故选D。
23．A推理判断题。根据文章内容“Some continued to draw or sing to help them remember information,”可知，
那些学生继续用艺术上的方式去帮助记忆信息，即他们已经掌握了一些有创造力的学习方法。故选A。
B
（2020·北京丰台区·九年级二模）
When thinking of ways to relax in life, usually things like yoga, jogging and music come to mind. These are
great, to be sure. But getting a friend can also have many benefits. While human friends provide great social
support, furry friends like cats and dogs can come with some great benefits.
Pets can improve people's mood. For those who love animals, it's actually impossible to stay in a bad mood
when a pair of loving puppy eyes meets yours, or when a super-soft cat rubs up against your hand. The study found
that people with AIDS were less likely to suffer from deep sadness if they owned a pet.
Pets also encourage people to get out and exercise. Whether people walk their dogs because they need it, or are
more likely to enjoy a walk when they have companionship, dog owners do spend more time walking than non-pet
owners.
While we all know the power of talking about your problems with a good friend who is a good listener,
research shows that spending time with pets may be even better! People actually experience less stress(压力) when
their pets are with them than when a supportive friend is present! A recent study performed by Washington State
University(WSU) has proved that petting cats and dogs for just ten minutes is an effective way to reduce stress
levels. The team chose 249 students and put them into four groups. The first group was provided 10 minutes to play
with dogs and cats.The second group waited in line while observing the first group. The third group watched a video of the same
animals, while the fourth group was just waiting. "What we wanted to learn was whether this exposure(接触)
would help students reduce their stress, and it did, "said Patricia Pendry, a professor in WSU.
It's important to realize that owning a pet isn't for everyone. It does come with additional work and
responsibility, which can bring its own stress. However, for most people, the advantages of having a pet outweigh
the drawbacks(缺点). Having a furry best friend can reduce stress in your life and bring you support when times get
tough.
24．The study performed by WSU shows that ______.
A．people keep pets for fun B．animals are good listeners
C．pets are friendlier than humans D．petting animals helps reduce stress
25．What can we learn from the passage?______
A．Pets can help doctors treat AIDS.
B．Dog owners are likely to exercise more.
C．Human friends are more supportive than pets.
D．Pet owners are more responsible than others.
26．What is the purpose of this passage?______
A．To give advice on how to keep pets.
B．To draw people's attention to life stress.
C．To introduce benefits of keeping pets.
D．To share ideas on how to reduce stress.
【分析】
本文主要介绍了养宠物的好处。宠物可以改善人们的情绪。宠物也鼓励人们外出锻炼。有助于减少压
力。但是养宠物也会有额外的工作和责任。对大多数人来说，养宠物的好处大于缺点，有一个毛茸茸的好朋友可以减轻你生活中的压力，并在困难时期给你带来支持。
【解析】
24．D细节题。根据第6段第3句“"What we wanted to learn was whether this exposure(接触）would help
students reduce their stress, and it did, "said Patricia Pendry, a professor in WSU.（“我们想知道的是，这种接
触是否有助于学生减轻压力，而且确实如此，”华盛顿大学教授帕特里夏·彭德里说。）”可知“WSU的
研究表明，抚摸动物有助于减轻压力。”故选D。
25．B细节题。根据第3段第2句“Whether people walk their dogs because they need it, or are more likely to
enjoy a walk when they have companionship, dog owners do spend more time walking than non-pet owners.（不管
人们遛狗是因为他们需要，还是在有陪伴的时候更喜欢散步，养狗的人确实比没有养宠物的人花更多的时
间散步。）”可知“养狗的人可能会多运动。”故选B。
26．C主旨题。本文主要介绍了养宠物的好处。宠物可以改善人们的情绪，鼓励人们外出锻炼，减轻你生
活中的压力，并在困难时期给你带来支持。可知这篇文章的目的是介绍养宠物的好处。故选C。
C
（2020·北京房山区·九年级二模）
SHANGHAI——Health researchers in Shanghai are calling for more protection for young children as the
latest research shows about half of the children are suffering（受折磨）from secondhand smoke.
About 45% of children suffer passive（被动的）smoking in families, 50% in public places, and almost 6%
on public transportation, shows a research reported by the Shanghai Children's Medical Center (SCMC)on Tuesday.
"Not only adults but also children and newborn babies are at risk for the bad effects of passive smoking," said
Tang Jingyan, a doctor. Research has shown that children who are living in a secondhand smoke situation willsuffer from more colds, coughs and sore throats, and they are more likely to suffer from pneumonia(肺炎）and will
have a higher risk of developing cancer. Doctors even suggested that children suffering passive smoking are more
likely to have behavioral problems and may not develop mentally(智力上) as quickly as other children.
Other research by the SCMC has found that more than 80% of child patients in the center live in a smoke-
filled household, where one or both parents smoke. "Though doctors have stressed the harm of passive smoking
over and over, it is still hard to reach a totally smoke-free home," said a doctor named Zhang Yiwen. Parents often
want to smoke even though the have learned the harmful effects of secondhand smoke.
China has 540 million people suffering from passive smoke,180 million of the younger than 15, the age of
smokers is also getting lower, "earlier reports said. "There are more young smokers than before. You can see young
people wearing a school uniform(校服）and carrying a schoolbag light a cigarette(香烟）on the street. Some of
them are even girl students," said Jing Xingming, a professor. "Children like to copy adults, especially their parents.
If parents often smoke at home, it is very likely children will develop a smoking habit which can cause a bad
circle," Jin said.
Reports from the Ministry of Health said China has about 350 million smokers, of whom 15 million are
underage smokers. Also, around 40 million of the country's 130 million children aged between 13 and 18 had tried
smoking, and 15 million had become addicted to(上瘾) smoking.
27．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?______
A．The bad effects of passive smoking.
B．The influences of adults to children.
C．The bad living situations of children.
D．The attitude towards children smoking.
28．What can we learn from the passage?______
A．About 45% of children suffer passive smoking in public places.
B．About 40 million children aged between 13 to 18 tried smoking.
C．About 350 million children are heavy smokers in China.D．About 80% of the children in the SCMC smoke heavily.
29．What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage?______
A．To question about the behaviors of the children smokers.
B．To show the reasons why children like learning smoking.
C．To call on people to protect children from secondhand smoke.
D．To encourage children to give up smoking as soon as possible.
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了二手烟对儿童的危害，以及吸二手烟的未成年人数量，以此号召
大家让儿童免于二手烟的侵害。
【解析】
27．A主旨大意题。根据第三段“Research has shown…as quickly as other children”可知，儿童在二手烟环
境中更容易得感冒、发烧、咽喉炎甚至肺炎和癌症等疾病，所以本段主要讲述二手烟不好的影响，故选
A。
28．B细节理解题。根据最后一段“around 40 million …had tried smoking”可知，年龄在3至18岁的儿童中
曾尝试过吸烟的有4千万人。故选B。
29．C 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Health researchers in Shanghai are calling for more protection for young
children as the latest research shows about half of the children are suffering（受折磨）from secondhand smoke.”
可知，将近一半的儿童正在受二手烟的侵害，科学家做这项研究的目的就是为了号召大家保护儿童免受二
手烟的侵害。故选C。
D
（2020·北京市文汇中学九年级月考）
“You expect your friends to see you in a positive manner, but they also are observers of the personalities that
could cause you an early death,” said Joshua Jackson, an assistant professor of psychology in Arts & Sciences.
Published in the journal Psychological Science, the study shows that your personality at an early age canpredict how long you will live across 75 years and that close friends are usually better than you at recognizing these
traits. “Our study shows that people are able to observe and evaluate（评价）a friend’s personality exactly enough
to predict early death years down the road,” Jackson said. “It suggests that people are able to see important
characteristics related to health even when their friends were, for the most part, healthy and many years from
death.”
While other studies have shown that a person’s view of his or her own personality can be helpful in evaluating
death risks, there has been little research on whether a close friend’s personality evaluation might also predict the
chances of a long life.
To explore this question, Jackson and colleagues analyzed data（数据）from a longitudinal study that in the
1930s began following a group of young people in their mid-20s. The study included wide-ranging data on
participant（参与者）personalities, both self-reported and as reported by close friends.
Using information from follow-up studies and searches of death certificates（ 证 书 ）, Jackson and
colleagues were able to record dates of death for all but a few study participants. Peer（同龄人）evaluations of
personality were stronger predictors of death risks than were self-evaluations of personality.
“There are two possible reasons for the advantage of peer evaluations over self- evaluations,” Jackson said.
“First, friends may see something that you miss; they may have some insight that you do not. Second, because
people have several friends, we are able to average the characteristics of any one friend to get a more trustworthy
evaluation of personality. With self-reports, people may miss certain sides of themselves and we are not able to
counteract（抵抗）that because there is only one you, only one self-report.”
The study also shows some gender differences in self-evaluation: Men’s self-evaluations of personality were
somewhat useful in predicting their lifespans（寿命）, whereas the self-reports of women had little predictive
value.
“This is one of the longest studies in psychology,” Jackson said. “It shows how important personality is in
influencing important life outcomes like health, and that information from friends can play a critical role in
understanding a person’s health issues.
30．What can we learn from Paragraph 2?______A．People’s health is related to their friends.
B．An early personality evaluation helps us live longer.
C．The study shows most people can live across 75 years.
D．Friends can predict lifespans better than us.
31．The underlined word “insight” in Paragraph 6 probably means “______”.
A．advice B．understanding C．influence D．imagination
32．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?______
A．Men predict their lifespans more exactly than women.
B．People with more close friends have better personalities.
C．Self-evaluations have advantages over peer evaluations.
D．The findings are based on participants’ disease data.
33．What can we infer from the last paragraph?______
A．Psychology studies may influence personality development.
B．Best friends play an important role in treating certain diseases.
C．Friends’ personality evaluations can help recognize health risks.
D．Personality has little important effect on people’s health.
【分析】
本文主要谈论寿命预知的问题。好朋友在预知寿命方面比本人更准确，朋友的个性评估有助于识别健
康风险，因为亲密的好朋友比你更能了解你的性格。男人在预测寿命方面比女人准确。
【解析】
30．D细节推断题。根据第2段第1句（主题句）“Published in the journal Psychological Science, the study
shows that your personality at an early age can predict how long you will live across 75 years and that close friendsare usually better than you at recognizing these traits.（这项发表在《心理科学》杂志上的研究表明，你的性格
在很小的时候就可以预测你75岁的寿命，而且亲密的朋友通常比你更善于识别这些特征。）”可知“朋友
能比我们更准确地预测寿命。”故选D。
31．B词意猜测题。advice忠告，建议；understanding理解，领悟；influence影响；imagination想象力，想
象。根据上句“First, friends may see something that you miss;（首先，朋友可能看到的东西，你错过了）”
可以推知此句“they may have some insight that you do not”句意是：他们可能有一些你没有的领悟。根据句
意可知“insight”意思是“领悟，理解”，故选B。
32．A理解判断题。本文主要讲述亲密的好朋友比你更能了解你的性格，朋友越多的人可以得到一个更可
信的个性评价，文中没有提到朋友越多的人性格越好；故排除 B。根据第 6段第1句“There are two
possible reasons for the advantage of peer evaluations over self- evaluations（同伴评价优于自我评价有两个可能
的原因）”可知“自我评价比同伴评价更有优势。”不正确；故排除C。根据第4段“…The study included
wide-ranging data on participant personalities, both self-reported and as reported by close friends.( ……这项研究
包括广泛的参与者个性数据，包括自我报告和好友报告。)”可知“研究结果是基于参与者的疾病数据。”
错误；故排除D。根据第7段中“Men’s self-evaluations of personality were somewhat useful in predicting their
lifespans（寿命）, whereas the self-reports of women had little predictive value.（男性对个性的自我评价在预
测其寿命方面有一定的作用，而女性的自我报告几乎没有预测价值。）”可知“男人比女人更准确地预测
自己的寿命。”故选A。
33．C 理解推断题。根据最后一段中“…and that information from friends can play a critical role in
understanding a person’s health issues.（来自朋友的信息对理解一个人的健康问题起着至关重要的作
用。）”可推知“朋友的个性评估有助于识别健康风险。”故选C。
四、阅读短文，根据短文回答问题(共10分，每小题2分)
（2020·北京平谷区·九年级期末）
Green is the Way to Go
Today, communities（社区）around the US are going green. For some, that means paying attention to the
environment by recycling or controlling pollution. But others are turning their neighborhoods green by planting
community gardens.Green Brings Benefits
A growing number of government and community leaders point out that gardening is a great way to improve
the appearance of a neighborhood. It also unites neighborhood residents（居民）. Research at Texas A＆M
University and the University of Illinois shows that city areas with more green have less crime.
One Neighborhood's Story
Norris Square in Philadelphia is a neighborhood that has benefits from a community garden. In the 1980s,
Norris Square was known for its run-down buildings and vacant parking lots filled with rubbish. Then a group of
Puerto Rican women planted vegetables and flowers in one vacant lot. Soon there was also an outdoor kitchen and
colorful murals showing rural life in Puerto Rico.
The community garden became a place of beauty and a source of fresh food for Norris Square residents. It also
became a source of neighborhood pride. Soon people were working together to do home repairs, clean up other
vacant lots, remove graffiti, and plant more trees and flowers throughout the neighborhood.
Today, instead of fights in the park, there are festivals. Instead of abandoned cars along the streets, there are
trees. People can now enjoy a neighborhood that is cleaner, safer, and more beautiful.
Plant Your Own Seeds
If you want to start a community garden in your area, you can get information from the Community Gardening
Association at www. communitygarden. org.
34．How are other people turning their neighborhoods green?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
35．What benefits does green bring?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
36．When was Norris Square known for its run-down building?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
37．What is Norris Square like now?____________________________________________________________________________________________
38．Where can you get information if you want to start a community garden in your area?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【分析】
在美国，一些人通过回收或控制污染来关注环境，一些人通过种植社区花园来绿化他们的社区；政府
和社区的领导指出，园艺是改善邻里环境的好方法也使居民更团结，还降低犯罪率。
【解析】
34．By planting community gardens.根据文中“But others are turning their neighborhoods green by planting
community gardens.”，可知“有人通过种植社区花园来绿化他们的社区”，故答案为 By planting community
gardens.
35．Improve the appearance of a neighborhood ,unites neighborhood residents and have less crime.根据文中
“gardening is a great way to improve the appearance of a neighborhood. It also unites neighborhood residents…
city areas with more green have less crime.”，可知“园艺是改善邻里环境的好方法也使居民更团结，还降低
犯罪率”，故答案为 Improve the appearance of a neighborhood ,unites neighborhood residents and have less
crime.
36．In the 1980s.根据文中“In the 1980s, Norris Square was known for its run-down buildings and vacant
parking lots filled with rubbish.”，可知“在20世纪80年代，Norris Square以破旧的建筑物和堆满了垃圾空
置的停车场出名”，故答案为In the 1980s.
37．Cleaner, safer, and more beautiful.根据文中“People can now enjoy a neighborhood that is cleaner, safer, and
more beautiful.”，可知“Norris Square现在变得更干净、更安全、更美丽的社区”，故答案为Cleaner, safer,
and more beautiful.
38．From the Community Gardening Association at www.communitygarden.org.根据文中“If you want to start a
community garden in your area, you can get information from the Community Gardening Association at www.
communitygarden. org.”，可知“如果要开始建社区花园，可以联系the Community Gardening Association at
www. communitygarden. org” ； 故 答 案 为 From the Community Gardening Association at
www.communitygarden.org.五、文段表达（10分）
39．（2020·北京海淀区·清华附中九年级月考）一场突如其来的新型冠状病毒疫情开启了我们“停课
不停学”的居家时光。某英文网站正在开展以“疫情下的我们”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请你
用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你是如何居家学习的，如何与家人相处的，以及你的感受。
提示词语：online, watch videos, take notes, cook, responsibility
提示问题：How do you study during this special period of time?
What do you do with your family?
How do you feel about this special experience?
To prevent COVID-19 from spreading, we have to stay at home.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
The novel corona-virus made the spring of 2020 very different. As the virus can easily spread from one to
another, the students in primary and junior high schools didn’t have to go to school. At the same time, online
education has become popular among them. Students could learn on the Internet instead of sitting in the classroom.
I learned by surfing the Internet, watching videos and taking notes during this special period of time. My parents
are mainly responsible for cooking. To prevent COVID-19 from spreading, we have to stay at home.
At first, my parents were against online courses that would bring myopia(近视) and some other influences, but
after a few days of carefully watching, they believed online education would be good for their children’s study. But
many schools only regard online education as a second choice. In fact, schools and teachers should keep a moreopen mind to accept online education.
【详解】
1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。请你针对这一情况，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈你的看法并给他们一些
建议。注意语句通顺，要点齐全。注意时态的使用，并灵活运用所学单词、短语以及句型，使文章更加生
动形象。
2.例文点评：本文时态为一般现在时为主，人称主要为第一人称。文章紧扣题目要点，内容完整，表述准
确，语言的表述符合语法的结构，造句符合英语的表达习惯。
3.高分亮点：
短语：from one to another；At the same time；on the Internet；surfing the Interne；taking notes；have to stay
at home；as a second choice；. In fact等。
句型：1.As the virus can easily spread from one to another, the students in primary and junior high schools didn’t
have to go to school. 2.At the same time, online education has become popular among them.3. Students could learn
on the Internet instead of sitting in the classroom.4. I learned by surfing the Internet, watching videos and taking
notes during this special period of time.5. In fact, schools and teachers should keep a more open mind to accept
online education.
【点睛】
首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的
表达，例如from one to another；At the same time；on the Internet；surfing the Internet；taking notes；have to
stay at home；as a second choice；In fact等；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作，在写作过程中，要注意句与句、段
与段之间的过渡，必要时可适当运用表示转折、因果、并列、比较等关系的连词，使文章过渡平稳，自然
流畅；最后，要仔细检查有无单词拼写错误、标点符号误用等，还要检查语法结构是否合理，有无重复、
啰嗦的语言，大小写是否正确，词数是否符合要求等。
