高一春·目标985班
Unit 8
Q.
如何分辨谓语和非谓语？
题型介绍
七选五是英语高考试卷中的一个重要题型。七选五阅读通常是
220-230词的短文，文中有5处句子被挖空，考生需根据文章
结构和内容，从7个备选项中选出正确的句子填入空白处，使文
章语义完整、连贯。
Q.
如何分辨谓语和非谓语？
《考试说明》对该题型的命题目的表述为，“主要考查考生对文章
的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握”。总
的来说，七选五的题型要求学生对文章结构脉络有较强的把握，也对
考生的逻辑思维和语言运用有着更高的要求。
题型介绍
Q.
如何分辨谓语和非谓语？
以全国Ⅰ卷为例，近五年的语篇类型和考点统计如下：
近五年高考课标I卷以说明文为主；细节句的考频大于主旨句。
体裁统计
年份
体裁
考点
细节句
主旨句
过渡句
说明文
1
3
1
说明文
3
1
1
记叙文
1
1
3
说明文
2
1
2
说明文
2
2
1
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Q.
如何分辨谓语和非谓语？
Ⅲ文章分类
Public Speaking Training
ꞏGet a coach
(1) ______, so get help. Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready
to offer you public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when
deciding the training that's right for you.
ꞏFocus on positives
Any training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus
on the positive aspects of what you already do well. Nothing can hurt confidence more
than being told that you aren't doing well. (2) ______, so good public speaking training
should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn't do.
(3) ______
If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it's going to give you lots of
dos and don'ts, walk away! Your brain is so full of what you're going to be talking about.
(4) ______. As far as we're concerned, there are basically no hard and fast rules about
public speaking. Your audience can be your friends.
ꞏYou are a special person not a clone
Most importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with
your own personal habits. (5) _______. Your training course should help you bring out
your personality, not try to turn you into someone you're not.
结构清晰
Q.
如何分辨谓语和非谓语？
Ⅲ文章分类
Public Speaking Training
ꞏGet a coach
(1) ______, so get help. Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready
to offer you public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when
deciding the training that's right for you.
ꞏFocus on positives
Any training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus
on the positive aspects of what you already do well. Nothing can hurt confidence more
than being told that you aren't doing well. (2) ______, so good public speaking training
should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn't do.
(3) ______
If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it's going to give you lots of
dos and don'ts, walk away! Your brain is so full of what you're going to be talking about.
(4) ______. As far as we're concerned, there are basically no hard and fast rules about
public speaking. Your audience can be your friends.
ꞏYou are a special person not a clone
Most importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with
your own personal habits. (5) _______. Your training course should help you bring out
your personality, not try to turn you into someone you're not.
结构清晰
文章大标题总述主题，每段前有小标题总结段落大意：
Q.
如何分辨谓语和非谓语？
Ⅲ文章分类
Much of the work in today's world is accomplished (完成) in teams. Most people believe
the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. (1)
______. Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent?
(2) ______. They focused on football, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed.
For football and basketball, adding talented players to a team proves a good method, but
only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent; above that level, the team's
performance begins to decline. Interestingly, this trend isn't evident in baseball, where
additional individual talent keeps improving the team's performance.
To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a good
performance by a team requires its members to coordinate (协调) their actions. (3)
______. In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on
teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team performance will
suffer when there is too much talent, while individual talent will have positive effects on
team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is, for example,
trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be
better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the team's performance. Young children
learning to play team sports are often told, “There is no I in TEAM.” (4) ______.
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may
make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war (拔河比赛), whenever a person is added,
everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
(5) ______. An A-team may require a balance—not just A players, but a few generous
B players as well.
结构模糊
Q.
如何分辨谓语和非谓语？
Ⅲ文章分类
Much of the work in today's world is accomplished (完成) in teams. Most people
believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented
individuals. (1) ______. Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is
their money well spent?
(2) ______. They focused on football, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed.
For football and basketball, adding talented players to a team proves a good method, but
only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent; above that level, the team's
performance begins to decline. Interestingly, this trend isn't evident in baseball, where
additional individual talent keeps improving the team's performance.
To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a good
performance by a team requires its members to coordinate (协调) their actions. (3)
______. In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on
teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team performance will
suffer when there is too much talent, while individual talent will have positive effects on
team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is, for example,
trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be
better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the team's performance. Young children
learning to play team sports are often told, “There is no I in TEAM.” (4) ______.
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may
make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war (拔河比赛), whenever a person is added,
everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
(5) ______. An A-team may require a balance—not just A players, but a few generous
B players as well
结构模糊
首段交代文章背景，其余段落分述不同内容：
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Q.
如何分辨谓语和非谓语？
1. 结构明确
根据历年的七选五题目统计，结构明确的文章通常呈现“总分(总)”特色，有副标题
或主旨句可循。因此，这类文章的解题步骤需遵循“从易到难，先文章后选项”的原则，
甚至可以一边读题一边选择。
一
。一般来说，副标题和段落主旨句（通常是首句）常作为解题首选，常
呈现出强并列关系，多用祈使句；
二
。根据副标题和主旨句判断本段段中或段尾句，常有关键信息对应，具
有词汇复现和紧扣主题的特点；
三
。另需注意，首段常为主旨段落，用于引入话题，在①②步骤无法确定
的选项可以留到最后与首段排除比较，遵循“先易后难”的原则。
Ⅳ解题步骤
Q.
如何分辨谓语和非谓语？
1. 结构明确
根据历年的七选五题目统计，结构明确的文章通常呈现“总分(总)”特色，有副标题
或主旨句可循。因此，这类文章的解题步骤需遵循“从易到难，先文章后选项”的原则，
甚至可以一边读题一边选择。
一
。一般来说，副标题和段落主旨句（通常是首句）常作为解题首选，常
呈现出强并列关系，多用祈使句；
二
。根据副标题和主旨句判断本段段中或段尾句，常有关键信息对应，具
有词汇复现和紧扣主题的特点；
三
。另需注意，首段常为主旨段落，用于引入话题，在①②步骤无法确定
的选项可以留到最后与首段排除比较，遵循“先易后难”的原则。
找细节
查疏漏
找关键
Ⅳ解题步骤
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
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infectious
adj. 传染的；传染性的
trigger
v. 触发
immune system
免疫系统
contaminate
v. 污染
contagious
adj. 感染性的
mucus
n. 粘液
Q.
如何分辨谓语和非谓语？
2. 结构不明确
结构不明确的文章通常无法快速获取文章结构，因此可以尝试遵循“先选项后文
章” 的原则，从信息量较少的选项切入，一窥文章大体信息。
一划选项。浏览七个选项，重点圈划________（转折、并列、因果、时间等）、
______（判断单复数、人称变化等）、_________（人名、地名、年份、数字等）；
Ⅳ解题步骤
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Q.
如何分辨谓语和非谓语？
2. 结构不明确
结构不明确的文章通常无法快速获取文章结构，因此可以尝试遵循“先选项后文
章” 的原则，从信息量较少的选项切入，一窥文章大体信息。
一划选项。浏览七个选项，重点圈划逻辑连词（转折、并列、因果、时间等）、
关键信息(判断单复数、人称变化等）、代词（人名、地名、年份、数字等）；
Ⅳ解题步骤
Q.
如何分辨谓语和非谓语？
值得注意的是，有些选项的语意并不完整，是以“When/If” 等从属连词引导的从
句，因此既存在一定的逻辑关系(如时间状语、条件状语)，也可从语法意义上予以判
断。
Ⅳ解题步骤
Q.
如何分辨谓语和非谓语？
A. If your metabolic rate is higher,
B. If you just have a glass of warm water,
C. When your skin is properly containing combined water inside,
D. This means that the rate at which calories are burned increases by nearly one third.
E. So just drink down a glass of water and sit on your toilet for a clean colon.
F. Your doctor might have already told you that headaches happen due to lack of
water.
G. Besides, we all know that having a healthy appetite is good for overall health.
请阅读以下七个选项，划出你认为重要的单词或短语。
Ⅳ解题步骤
Q.
如何分辨谓语和非谓语？
A. If your metabolic rate is higher,
B. If you just have a glass of warm water,
C. When your skin is properly containing combined water inside,
D. This means that the rate at which calories are burned increases by nearly one third.
E. So just drink down a glass of water and sit on your toilet for a clean colon.
F. Your doctor might have already told you that headaches happen due to lack of
water.
G. Besides, we all know that having a healthy appetite is good for overall health.
从句法结构来看，我们发现了三个最特殊的选项：_____、_____ 和_____，他们都是
从句。从逻辑关系来看，我们发现_____ 和_____ 包含了明显的因果和递进关系。
Ⅳ解题步骤
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Q.
如何分辨谓语和非谓语？
A. If your metabolic rate is higher,
B. If you just have a glass of warm water,
C. When your skin is properly containing combined water inside,
D. This means that the rate at which calories are burned increases by nearly one third.
E. So just drink down a glass of water and sit on your toilet for a clean colon.
F. Your doctor might have already told you that headaches happen due to lack of
water.
G. Besides, we all know that having a healthy appetite is good for overall health.
从句法结构来看，我们发现了三个最特殊的选项：A、B 和C，他们都是从句。从逻辑
关系来看，我们发现E 和G 包含了明显的因果和递进关系。
Ⅳ解题步骤
Q.
如何分辨谓语和非谓语？
2. 结构不明确
结构不明确的文章通常无法快速获取文章结构，因此可以尝试遵循“先选项后文
章” 的原则，从信息量较少的选项切入，一窥文章大体信息。
二看原文。回到原文时，需要尤其注意空白处前后的语义联系。一般存在两种
思路：①空白处前后__________是否存在明显转折、因果、设问等关系；②空白处
前后是否出现了选项中关键信息的___________，或是否有选项中代词指代的内容。
Ⅳ解题步骤
Q.
如何分辨谓语和非谓语？
2. 结构不明确
结构不明确的文章通常无法快速获取文章结构，因此可以尝试遵循“先选项后文
章” 的原则，从信息量较少的选项切入，一窥文章大体信息。
二看原文。回到原文时，需要尤其注意空白处前后的语义联系。一般存在两种思
路：①空白处前后语义衔接是否存在明显转折、因果、设问等关系；②空白处前后
是否出现了选项中关键信息的同义替换，或是否有选项中代词指代的内容。
Ⅳ解题步骤
Q.
如何分辨谓语和非谓语？
2. 结构不明确
结构不明确的文章通常无法快速获取文章结构，因此可以尝试遵循“先选项后文
章” 的原则，从信息量较少的选项切入，一窥文章大体信息。
三查疏漏。结构不明确的文章无法快速定位关键信息，因此需要找到选项与原文
的高度对应，遵循“ 先易后难” 的原则仍然可以帮助我们提高正确率。
Ⅳ解题步骤
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LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
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digest
v. 消化；吸收
warrant
v. 保证
poisonous
adj. 有毒的
substance
n. 物质
receptive
adj. 善于接受的
Q.
如何分辨谓语和非谓语？
Summary
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Listening for inference
1. What does the woman mean?
A. She can help the man out.
B. She's also in need of a textbook.
C. She picked up the book from the bus floor.
【解析】
M: Can I borrow your math textbook? I lost mine on the bus.
W: You've asked the right person. I happen to have an extra copy.
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Listening for inference
2. What does the woman mean?
A. She wants her son to use a new key.
B. She feels very sorry for her son.
C. She disbelieves her son.
【解析】
M: Sorry, Mom. I'm late again. I lost my keys on my way home and tried hard to
find them.
W: I'm sorry. I've got used to this kind of excuse. Could you try something new?
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Listening for inference
3. What will the man probably do?
A. Buy the woman some magazines.
B. Help the woman find a new doctor.
C. Read the woman some magazine articles.
【解析】
W: I'm feeling bored with being sick in bed. What if I didn't have those
magazines to read?
M: Well, if it helps, I'll run to the store to get you some new ones.
W: Thanks a lot, Bill.
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Listening for inference
4. What can be inferred from the conversation?
A. The man saw Mark on the street two months ago.
B. The woman had forgotten Mark's phone number.
C. Mark and the woman had not been in touch for some time.
【解析】
M: I ran into our friend Mark yesterday on the street, and he said he hadn't
heard from you in two months.
W: Yes, I know. But I've been too busy to phone him.
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Listening for inference
5. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Brother and sister.
B. Mother and son.
C. Doctor and patient.
【解析】
M: It's Mom and Dad's wedding anniversary next month. Shall we hold a
party for them?
W: I don't think that's a good idea. Dad hates parties. And anyway, I won't have
time next month. I need to study for my exams.
M: Then, let's take them out to have dinner at a restaurant.
W: Great! And we can buy some gifts for them.
M: How about going shopping this Sunday?
W: OK.
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Listening for inference
6. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Friends.
B. Husband and wife.
C. Customer and saleswoman.
【解析】
M: I really like this shirt, but I don't know whether it is my size.
W: Try it on first. If it is the wrong size, you can try another one.
M: Oh, where is the changing room?
W: It's over there by the mirror.
M: Can I take two shirts to try on?
W: Yes, you can take three shirts at a time to try on.
M: I just want to try on these two that I like.
W: OK. I'll wait here to help you.
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Listening for inference
7. What's the relationship between the speakers?
A. Doctor and patient.
B. Teacher and student.
C. Husband and wife.
【解析】
M: I'll have the steak, French Fries, and let's see, chocolate ice-cream for dessert.
W: Oh. Oh, dear, you know these things will ruin your health, too much fat and
sugar,
how about ordering some vegetables and fruit instead?
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Listening for inference
8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues.
B. Brother and sister.
C. Teacher and student.
【解析】
W: I hope you can come to the party on Saturday.
M: I didn’t know I was invited.
W: Sure you are. Everyone in our office is invited.
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【解析】
M: Good morning. What's the trouble?
W: Sometimes I feel cold and sometimes hot. I have a headache and stomachache.
M: When did this start?
W: I felt very tired last night when I went to bed. Then I felt really bad this morning when I woke up.
M: Yes, you look a bit off-color.
W: What color, did you say?
M: Sorry, what I said was, "off-color" We often use it to describe how someone looks or feels when he
or she is unwell. Now, let's take a look at your temperature. Ah, just as I thought, a hundred and one.
W: Oh, is it that high?
M: Ah, yes, that must sound strange to you. We often measure people's temperature on the
Fahrenheit scale, where 98.6 degrees is normal blood temperature. In Centigrade, your temperature
is 39 degrees, which is high.
W: Oh, it isn't very bad, then.
1. What does the expression "off-color" mean?
A. Someone is unwell.
B. Someone has a high fever.
C. A dark color.
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【解析】
W: Ted, I have finished correcting your homework.
M: Thank you. Are there any mistakes this time?
W: Yes, everywhere.
M: Oh, I'd better kill myself.
W: Come on, Ted. I was just joking.
M: What do you mean then?
W: You made no mistake this time. I‘m very glad you have made such great progress.
M: Oh, really? Thanks a lot, Miss Smith. Thank you so much for your help.
W: You're entirely welcome.
M: I'm going to the gym now. I don't want to take up too much of your time.
W: That's all right. Now here's your exercise book.
M: You know, Miss Smith, you are one of the best teachers I've ever met.
W: It's very kind of you to say so. Come to me any time you need help.
M: Many thanks. I'll do that.
2. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Boss and secretary.
B. Mother and son.
C. Teacher and student.
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【解析】
M: Excuse me, Miss Miller. Are you free to answer some questions for me?
W: Sure. What would you like to know?
M: Thank you. So what sports do you like?
W: I'm mad about tennis. But I enjoy playing volleyball sometimes, too.
M: It's said that sports are very popular in English schools and universities. Is that right?
W: Yes, that's right. We think sports can let students face the competitive society well.
M: I quite agree. We should pay more attention to building up strong bodies with healthy minds. Miss Miller,
what's the most popular sport in Britain?
W: Well, soccer is the most popular in our country.
M: It seems that sport is a common topic of conversations.
W: Yes, I think apart from the weather, it's the most talked about topic.
M: So if we want to start a conversation with a stranger, we can start talking about the weather or the sport.
Is that right?
W: Yes, you are clever. Other questions?
M: No. Thank you very much for the interview.
W: Not at all.
3. What's the relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student.
B. Doctor and patient.
C. Interviewer and interviewee.
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Listening for inference
4. What's the relationship between the speakers?
A. Close friends.
B. Interviewer and interviewee.
C. Teacher and student.
【解析】
W：How many colleges are you applying for?
M：Four.
W：Four? Why so many? That's a lot of work.
M：And a lot of money, just to apply... But I've been dreaming of this for a long time.
W：Your dreams are so...big, exciting. I mean, my dreams are real simple.
M：I don't know. I can't explain it... I just want to know everything about singing. I'll
get my degree and make something of myself.
W：Well, when you become a big star and you get your first hit song, don't forget
your friend here in the factory.
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