高一春·目标985班
Unit 9
Reading
Part One
VOCABULARY
No. words & phrases
pronunciation
parts of speech & definition
1
purchase
/ˈpɜːtʃəs/
v. & n. 买，购买（的东西）
2
regulation
/ˌreɡjuˈleɪʃn/
n. 规则；法规
3
ensure
/ɪnˈʃʊə(r)/
v. 保证；确保
4
unethical
/ʌnˈeθɪkl/
adj. 不道德的
5
unnecessary
/ʌnˈnesəsərɪ/
adj. 不必要的；不需要的
6
survival
/səˈvaɪvl/
n. 生存；存活
7
undergo
/ˌʌndəˈɡəʊ/
v. 经历；经受
8
cause
/kɔːz/
v. 造成；导致
9
experiment
/ɪkˈsperɪmənt/
v. 做试验
10 illegal
/ɪˈliːɡl/
adj. 不合法的；非法的
11 campaigner
/kæmˈpeɪnə(r)/
n. 活动参与者
12 suffering
/ˈsʌfərɪŋ/
n. 痛苦；折磨
13 force
/fɔːs/
v. 强迫；迫使
14 put a ban on
禁止
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
学而思网校
(A)
When
we
purchase
products, we usually trust that
they are safe to use. There are
government
regulations
in
many countries to ensure that
anything that we eat or drink,
put
on
our
bodies,
or
use
around our homes won’t hurt
us. But ensuring that these
products are safe has a cost,
and it is often animals that pay
the price.
purchase
/ˈpɜːtʃəs/ v. & n. 买，购买（的东西）
Please ensure that you purchase your ticket in
advance.
请务必提前购票。
学而思网校
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
学而思网校
(A)
When
we
purchase
products, we usually trust that
they are safe to use. There are
government
regulations
in
many countries to ensure that
anything that we eat or drink,
put
on
our
bodies,
or
use
around our homes won’t hurt
us. But ensuring that these
products are safe has a cost,
and it is often animals that pay
the price.
regulation
/ˌreɡjuˈleɪʃn/ n. 规则；法规
It's against safety regulations to fix these doors
open.
把这些门打开是违反安全规定的。
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
学而思网校
(A)
When
we
purchase
products, we usually trust that
they are safe to use. There are
government
regulations
in
many countries to ensure that
anything that we eat or drink,
put
on
our
bodies,
or
use
around our homes won’t hurt
us. But ensuring that these
products are safe has a cost,
and it is often animals that pay
the price.
ensure
/ɪnˈʃʊə(r)/ v. 保证；确保
• ensure sth.
We are working to ensure the safety of people in
the city.
我们正在努力确保市内人员的安全。
• ensure sb. sth.
Victory ensured them a place in the final.
胜利使他们在决赛中占有一席之地。
• ensure sth. for sb.
The system ensures equal access to education
for all children.
该制度确保所有儿童享有平等的受教育机会。
Exercises
学而思网校
请使用以下句式翻译句子。
1. One of the areas of animal cruelty that has got the most public attention is
that of cosmetics testing.
关于虐待动物，引起公众关注最多的领域之一是化妆品测试。
• 尽管肥胖问题引起了大量公众关注，我们仍不了解如何正确减肥。(obesity)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
P15
Exercises
学而思网校
请使用以下句式翻译句子。
1. One of the areas of animal cruelty that has got the most public attention is
that of cosmetics testing.
关于虐待动物，引起公众关注最多的领域之一是化妆品测试。
• 尽管肥胖问题引起了大量公众关注，我们仍不了解如何正确减肥。(obesity)
Although the problem of obesity has got a lot of public attention, we are still not
sure how to lose weight properly.
P15
学而思网校
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
学而思网校
(B) One of the areas of animal
cruelty that has got the most public
attention
is
that
of
cosmetics
testing. Animal rights groups argue
that
the
testing
on
animals
is
unethical when it is for products
that are unnecessary for human
survival,
such
as
make-up.
Rabbits
in
particular
are
most
often used when testing cosmetics,
undergoing what is called the
Draize test (眼刺激试验).
unethical
/ʌnˈeθɪkl/ adj. 不道德的
It would be unethical to carry out such
experiments on animals.
在动物身上做这样的实验是不道德的。
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
学而思网校
(B) One of the areas of animal
cruelty that has got the most public
attention
is
that
of
cosmetics
testing. Animal rights groups argue
that
the
testing
on
animals
is
unethical when it is for products
that are unnecessary for human
survival,
such
as
make-up.
Rabbits
in
particular
are
most
often used when testing cosmetics,
undergoing what is called the
Draize test (眼刺激试验).
unnecessary
/ʌnˈnesəsərɪ/ adj. 不必要的；不需要的
They argued that it was unnecessary for
government to regulate the industry.
他们认为政府没有必要对这个行业进行监管。
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
学而思网校
(B) One of the areas of animal
cruelty that has got the most public
attention
is
that
of
cosmetics
testing. Animal rights groups argue
that
the
testing
on
animals
is
unethical when it is for products
that are unnecessary for human
survival,
such
as
make-up.
Rabbits
in
particular
are
most
often used when testing cosmetics,
undergoing what is called the
Draize test (眼刺激试验).
survival
/səˈvaɪvl/ n. 生存；存活
His only chance of survival was a heart
transplant.
他唯一的生存机会是心脏移植。
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
学而思网校
(B) One of the areas of animal cruelty that
has got the most public attention is that of
cosmetics testing. Animal rights groups
argue
that
the
testing
on
animals
is
unethical when it is for products that are
unnecessary for human survival, such as
make-up. Rabbits in particular are most
often
used
when
testing
cosmetics,
undergoing what is called the Draize test
(眼刺激试验).
undergo
/ˌʌndəˈɡəʊ/ v. 经历；经受
Some children undergo a complete
transformation
when
they
become
teenagers.
有些孩子到了十几岁就完全变了样。
学而思网校
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
学而思网校
(C) In order to test eye make-
up, for example, the product
is
put
into
rabbits’
eyes.
These
products
sometimes
cause
the
rabbits
extreme
pain or even lead to blindness.
cause
/kɔːz/ v. 造成；导致
Unemployment is a major cause of poverty.
失业是贫困的主要原因。
Exercises
学而思网校
Worse yet, it has been determined such tests aren’t really useful, because of the
biological differences between rabbits and humans.
更糟糕的是，由于兔子和人类之间的生物学差异，这样的测试已被证实并非真正有效。
• 天快要黑了，而且更糟糕的是，我们在一片陌生的森林里迷路了。
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
P15
Exercises
学而思网校
Worse yet, it has been determined such tests aren’t really useful, because of the
biological differences between rabbits and humans.
更糟糕的是，由于兔子和人类之间的生物学差异，这样的测试已被证实并非真正有效。
• 天快要黑了，而且更糟糕的是，我们在一片陌生的森林里迷路了。
It was getting dark, and worse yet, we got lost in an unfamiliar forest.
P15
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
学而思网校
(D) Worse yet, it has been determined
such tests aren’t really useful, because
of the biological differences between
rabbits and humans. There are now
other ways of testing that are more
accurate
and
do
not
involve
experimenting on animals. Because the
Draize test was one of the first methods
of animal testing that the public became
aware of, a drawing of a rabbit inside a
circle with a line through it is often a
symbol that companies use to show
consumers that their products have been
produced in a cruelty-free way.
experiment
/ɪkˈsperɪmənt/ v. 做试验
The results of the experiment were
inconclusive.
实验结果不确定。
学而思网校
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
学而思网校
(E) Many countries and regions
have
put
a
ban
on
animal
testing for cosmetics, including
the
European
Union,
Israel,
India, South Korea, and New
Zealand.
Other
countries
are
working
on
making
it
illegal,
including
Argentina,
Chile,
Canada,
Colombia,
Brazil,
Russia, Japan, the United States,
and Ukraine.
put a ban on
禁止
The company has put a ban on using
pirated software.
公司制定了禁止使用盗版软件的规定。
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
学而思网校
(E) Many countries and regions have
put
a
ban
on
animal
testing
for
cosmetics,
including
the
European
Union, Israel, India, South Korea, and
New
Zealand.
Other
countries
are
working on making it illegal, including
Argentina, Chile, Canada, Colombia,
Brazil, Russia, Japan, the United States,
and Ukraine.
illegal
/ɪˈliːɡl/ adj. 不合法的；非法的
It's illegal to drive through a red light.
开车闯红灯是违法的。
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
学而思网校
(F) But while animal testing for
cosmetic
products
is
becoming
more
widely
banned,
it
is
still
common
in
medical
research,
though campaigners are working
on banning this practice as well.
Indeed, many experts believe that
this type of testing is not only
unnecessary,
but
also
creates
needless suffering in the animals
which are forced to take part in it.
campaigner
/kæmˈpeɪnə(r)/ n. 活动参与者
a campaigner on environmental issues
环境问题活动参与者
an active campaigner for animal rights
一个积极的动物权利活动者
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
学而思网校
(F) But while animal testing for cosmetic
products is becoming more widely banned,
it is still common in medical research,
though
campaigners
are
working
on
banning this practice as well. Indeed, many
experts believe that this type of testing is
not only
unnecessary, but also creates
needless suffering in the animals which
are forced to take part in it.
suffering
/ˈsʌfərɪŋ/ n. 痛苦；折磨
Death finally brought an end to her
suffering.
死亡终于结束了她的痛苦。
学而思网校
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
学而思网校
(F)
But
while
animal
testing
for
cosmetic products is becoming more
widely banned, it is still common in
medical
research,
though
campaigners
are
working
on
banning this practice as well. Indeed,
many experts believe that this type of
testing is not only
unnecessary,
but also creates needless suffering
in the animals which are forced to
take part in it.
force
/fɔːs/ v. 强迫；迫使
• force sb./oneself to do sth.
She forced herself to be polite to them.
她强迫自己对他们友善些。
• be forced to do sth.
The President was forced to resign.
总统被迫离职。
• force sb. into sth.
• be forced into sth.
• force sb. out of sth.
• be forced out of sth.
Grammar
Part Two
冠词
不定冠词
定冠词
零冠词
冠词的有无
冠词是一种虚词，放在名词前面，帮助说明名词的含义。
冠词的定义
学而思网校
英语中冠词分为三类：定冠词（
）、不定冠词（
）和零冠词。
冠词的分类
英语中冠词分为三类：定冠词（the ）、不定冠词（a/an ）和零冠词。
I have a pal at the DMV.
Flash is the fastest guy in there.
Flash, I’d love you to meet my friend.
冠词的分类
a. What I need is a book related to British cultures. （表示_______）
b. A car is waiting at the gate. （表示_________________）
Ⅰ不定冠词
a. What I need is a book related to British cultures. （表示数量“一”）
b. A car is waiting at the gate. （表示首次提及某人或某物，表泛指）
Ⅰ不定冠词
学而思网校
特殊用法
c. He was a success in business.
It’s a pleasure to talk with you.
用于某些_____________ 前，如_____________________________等，
使其具体化，表示__________________________。
d. He tried a sixth time and succeeded.
用于_________________ 前，表示“________________________”。
Ⅰ不定冠词
特殊用法
c. He was a success in business.
It’s a pleasure to talk with you.
用于某些抽象名词前，如pleasure, success, failure, honor等，
使其具体化，表示“一种，一件，一份”等。
d. He tried a sixth time and succeeded.
用于序数词（后加名词）前，表示“又一个，再一个”。
Ⅰ不定冠词
易错点
不定冠词a/an的选择与后面单词的音素相关，一般用an修饰元音音素，用a 修饰
辅音音素，与元辅音字母无关。
a + 辅音音素
an + 元音音素
a book /b/ an umbrella /ʌ/
a useful book /juː/ an hour /aʊ/
Ⅰ不定冠词
请在空格处填写a或an
____ euro ____ university ____ one ____ horse
____ hour ____ F ____ old book ____ honor
Ⅰ不定冠词
学而思网校
请在空格处填写a或an
a euro a university a one a horse
an hour an F an old book an honor
Ⅰ不定冠词
Practice
Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of
kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, where it remained until the
carrot‘s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return
was ________ wonder. (17浙江真题)
Ⅰ不定冠词
Practice
Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of
kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, where it remained until the
carrot‘s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return
was ___a___ wonder. (17浙江真题)
Ⅰ不定冠词
a. There is a book on the desk. The book is a gift from my father.
表示________________，e.g. the book you mentioned before
b. The earth goes around the sun.
表示__________ 的事物，e.g. the moon, the world
c. John is the tallest boy in our class.
用于___________，e.g. the highest mountain, the most beautiful girl
Ⅱ定冠词
学而思网校
a. There is a book on the desk. The book is a gift from my father.
表示特指，上文提到过的人或物，e.g. the book you mentioned before
b. The earth goes around the sun.
表示独一无二的事物，e.g. the moon, the world
c. John is the tallest boy in our class.
用于最高级，e.g. the highest mountain, the most beautiful girl
Ⅱ定冠词
d. It was the first time they had ever met.
用于________________ 前，e.g. the second, the third, the fourth
e. I like playing the piano.
用于________________ 前，e.g. play the violin/guitar
Ⅱ定冠词
d. It was the first time they had ever met.
用于序数词前，e.g. the second, the third, the fourth
e. I like playing the piano.
用于西洋乐器前，e.g. play the violin/guitar
Ⅱ定冠词
Brainstorm
定冠词还有哪些？
Ⅱ定冠词
学而思网校
Brainstorm
定冠词还有哪些？
Ⅱ定冠词
方位、方向前
in the southeast
世纪、年代、朝代前
in the Tang Dynasty; in the 1990s
江河湖海、山脉、群岛前
the Yellow River
由普通名词构成的专有名词前
the Great Wall; the WHO
复数姓氏前，表示一家人
the Smiths
方位、方向前
in the southeast
世纪、年代、朝代前
in the Tang Dynasty; in the 1990s
江河湖海、山脉、群岛前
the Yellow River
由普通名词构成的专有名词前
the Great Wall; the WHO
复数姓氏前，表示一家人
the Smiths
特殊用法
f. The rich should help the poor.
用在某些形容词前表示____________，e.g. the elderly
g. The workers are paid by the day.
用在____________ 前，e.g. (by) the hour, the meter
Ⅱ定冠词
特殊用法
f. The rich should help the poor.
用在某些形容词前表示一类人，e.g. the elderly
g. The workers are paid by the day.
用在计量单位名词前，e.g. (by) the hour, the meter
Ⅱ定冠词
Ⅱ定冠词
Practice
Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating (聚
集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are
higher than they actually are. Of _______ nineteen recognized polar bear
subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine
lack enough data. (19全国一卷)
学而思网校
Ⅱ定冠词
Practice
Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating (聚
集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are
higher than they actually are. Of __the__
nineteen recognized polar bear
subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine
lack enough data. (19全国一卷)
a. Telephones are still playing an important role in people’s life.
Creativity will be more and more important in the future.
不可数名词和可数名词复数表示_________ 时。
b. The Yellow River is China’s second longest river.
I want this book, not that one.
名词前有this, that / my, sb’s / some, any, no, each, 等指示代词、物主代词、不定
代词等__________ 时。
Ⅲ零冠词
a. Telephones are still playing an important role in people’s life.
Creativity will be more and more important in the future.
不可数名词和可数名词复数表示泛指时。
b. The Yellow River is China’s second longest river.
I want this book, not that one.
名词前有this, that / my, sb’s / some, any, no, each, 等指示代词、物主代词、不定
代词等限定时。
Ⅲ零冠词
c. We are learning English.
John likes playing football.
_________________________________ 前
d. We go to school from Monday to Friday.
It is hot in summer.
_________________________________ 前
Ⅲ零冠词
学而思网校
c. We are learning English.
John likes playing football.
语言、学科、球类、三餐前
d. We go to school from Monday to Friday.
It is hot in summer.
星期、月份、季节、节日前
Ⅲ零冠词
Brainstorm
还有哪些情况无需用冠词？
Ⅲ零冠词
Brainstorm
还有哪些情况无需用冠词？
Ⅲ零冠词
中国乐器前
play erhu
与by 连用的交通工具前
by subway, by car
称呼、头衔、职务等抽象性质的名词前
He was elected president.
中国乐器前
play erhu
与by 连用的交通工具前
by subway, by car
称呼、头衔、职务等抽象性质的名词前
He was elected president.
请选出下列词组正确的释义。
go to school （
）
go to the school （
）
A. 去上学
B. 去学校
go to church （
）
go to the church （
）
A. 去做礼拜
B. 去教堂里
go to hospital （
）
go to the hospital （
）
A. 去医院
B. 去看病
in hospital （
）
in the hospital （
）
A. 住院
B. 在医院
Ⅳ冠词的有无
学而思网校
Ⅳ冠词的有无
请选出下列词组正确的释义。
go to school （A ）
go to the school （B ）
A. 去上学
B. 去学校
go to church （A ）
go to the church （B ）
A. 去做礼拜
B. 去教堂里
go to hospital （B ）
go to the hospital （A ）
A. 去医院
B. 去看病
in hospital （A ）
in the hospital （B ）
A. 住院
B. 在医院
Ⅳ冠词的有无
in class （
）
in the class （
）
A. 在班级里面
B. 在上课
at table （
）
at the table （
）
A. 在进餐
B. 在桌子旁边
by sea （
）
by the sea （
）
A. 乘船
B. 在海边
in bed （
）
in the bed （
）
A. 在床上
B. 卧床
Ⅳ冠词的有无
in class （B ）
in the class （A ）
A. 在班级里面
B. 在上课
at table （A ）
at the table （B ）
A. 在进餐
B. 在桌子旁边
by sea （A ）
by the sea （B ）
A. 乘船
B. 在海边
in bed （B ）
in the bed （A ）
A. 在床上
B. 卧床
Ⅳ冠词的有无
in class （B ）
in the class （A ）
A. 在班级里面
B. 在上课
at table （A ）
at the table （B ）
A. 在进餐
B. 在桌子旁边
by sea （A ）
by the sea （B ）
A. 乘船
B. 在海边
in bed （B ）
in the bed （A ）
A. 在床上
B. 卧床
Summary
表示抽象意义或相关的活动时，不加冠词；而如果表示具体地点，则要加定冠词。
Summary
表示抽象意义或相关的活动时，不加冠词；而如果表示具体地点，则要加定冠词。
学而思网校
Ⅳ冠词的有无
进阶组
sb. be in charge of sth. ______________________
sth. be in the charge of sb. ______________________
take place ______________________
take the place of ______________________
out of question ______________________
out of the question ______________________
on earth ______________________
on the earth ______________________
Ⅳ冠词的有无
进阶组
sb. be in charge of sth.
某人负责某事物
sth. be in the charge of sb.
某事物由某人掌管
take place 发生
take the place of 代替
out of question 毫无疑问
out of the question 完全不可能
on earth 究竟，到底（用于加强语气）
on the earth 在地球上
Summary
学而思网校
