五年（2019-2023）年高考英语真题分项汇编
专题19 语法填空（解析版）
〖2023 年高考真题题组〗
【2023▪新高考I 卷】
Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot,
36
(taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive
steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether
37
(bite) a small hole in it first,
releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出),
38
to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot
soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the
39
(recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food
historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. There
you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed
40
hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them
41
(lift)
out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of
42
(they) contents. The meat
should be fresh with
43
touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is
44
(rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always
left
45
(want) more next time.
【答案】36. tasty 37. to bite 38. or 39. recognized 40. by 41. to be lifted 42. their 43. a 44. rarely 45.
wanting
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国美食——小笼包，讲述了小笼包美味，发源地以及制作方法
等等。
36.考查形容词。句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最
喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤)，故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语，故填
tasty。
37.考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包
放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put 并
列作宾语，故填to bite。
38.考查连词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴
里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”，固定搭配，根据句意，故填or。
39.考查非谓语动词。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南
翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home 前面作定语，recognize 与home 是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去
分词recognized 作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。
40.考查介词。句意：在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包，更少的汤，包子皮是用手压的，
而不是擀出来的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配，根据句意，故填by。
41.考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不
会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作
宾语补足语，补足语lift out 与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被
动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
42.考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会
撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
43.考查冠词。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。a touch of “一点点；
稍许”，常用搭配，touch“轻微；稍许”常用作单数。故填a。
44.考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。
修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。
45.考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下
次再买。分析句子可知，此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want 是主语补足语，根据
句意，I 与want 之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词wanting。故填wanting。
【2023▪新高考II 卷】
Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind
it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals?
Since June 2017, right before the
36
(arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I
have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and
37
(confidence) speaking
English. And who do they speak English
38
?
Not the pandas, even though
39
language used for the medical training instructions is actually
English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to
40
(visit) Chinese zookeepers who often
come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give
41
(interview) in English with international journalists. This is
42
they need an English trainer.
So, what are they learning?
43
(basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the
panda programme develop
44
to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I
45
(wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers
do their job in English.
【答案】36. arrival 37. confident 38. with 9. the 40. visiting 41. interviews 42. why 43. Basically 44. and
45. wished
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者在柏林动物园教英语。
36.考查名词。句意：从2017 年6 月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮
助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空
处应填名词作介词before 的宾语，arrive 的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。故填arrival。
37.考查形容词。句意：从2017 年6 月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在
帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的comfortable 并列，
作并列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence 的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。
38.考查介词。句意：他们和谁说英语？分析句子结构可知，根据句意此处强调双向交流，应用固定搭配：
speak with sb.意为“与某人交谈”。故填with。
39.考查冠词。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处特
指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
40.考查形容词。句意：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来检
查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语；visit 对应的形
容词为visiting“来访的”。故填visiting。
41.考查名词的数。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，
所以空处应填名词作宾语，interview 意为“采访”为可数名词，不止一段采访，应用复数形式。故填
interviews。
42.考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从
句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培
训师的原因”之意，应用why 引导表语从句。故填why。
43.考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用
副词修饰，basic 的副词形式是basically 位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。
44.考查连词。句意：我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展，看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知，
“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关
系，应该用and 连接。故填and。
45.考查动词时态。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知，本
句缺少谓语动词，所以wish 作本句谓语，和主语I 之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew 可知用一般过去时。
故填wished。
【2023▪全国甲卷】
For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言)
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(teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables
were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the
62
(six)
century, B. C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today,
63
Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for
Tomorrow”
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at
children. “There was once a town in the heart of America,
64
all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence
with is surroundings,” her fable begins,
65
(borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind
the simple style, however, is a serious message
66
(intend) for everyone.
67
(difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She
warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility
68
saving their environment.
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Cason’s theme is
a more weighty
69
(warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has
been passed down through the ages can still
70
(employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
【答案】61. to teach 62. sixth 63. as 66. where 65. borrowing 66. intended 67. Different 68. for 69.
warning 50. be employed
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。
61.考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知，此处表达
“来传授知识和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。
62.考查数词。句意：寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分，而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6 世纪。
century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式。故填sixth。
63.考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价
值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as 引导。故填as。
64.考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一
起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为
town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where 引导。故填where。
65.考查非谓语动词。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境
一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓
语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable 与borrow 之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。
故填borrowing。
66.考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是每个人都想要传达的重要信息。be intended for
打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。
67.考查形容词。句意：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from
与……不同，所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。
68.考查介词。句意：她警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。take
responsibility for 对……负责。故填for。
69.考查名词。句意：然而，卡森的主题是对环境破坏的更严重警告。形容词weighty 后接名词形式。根据
句中不定冠词a 可知，用可数名词的单数形式。故填warning。
70.考查语态。句意：卡森证明了一种简单的抒情形式，已经代代相传，今天仍然可以用来吸引人们对重要
真理的关注。从句主语a simple lyric form 与employ 之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。情态动词can 后
接动词原形。故填be employed。
【2023▪全国乙卷】
Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong
61
royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city
keeping its carefully
62
(build) system of ring roads.
But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place
63
welcomes the fast-paced development of
modern life, with 21st-century architectural
64
(wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of
the past.
It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,
65
somehow these two very different worlds
make a good combination.
66
(visit) several times over the last 10 years, I
67
(amaze) by the co-
existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. As
a photographer, I have spent the last two years
68
(record) everything I discovered.
The
69
(remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while
stepping into the modern world,
70
(mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be
photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
【答案】61. to 62. built 63. which##that 64. wonders 65. but 66. Having visited 67. was amazed 68.
recording 69. remarkable 70. means
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京这座城市的古老建筑和现代化发展之间的独特结合，同时探
讨了城市如何在不断发展的同时保护其丰富的遗产。作者作为一名摄影师，记录了这座城市的变化，并表
示将来还会继续拍摄北京的风貌。
61.考查介词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿，它拥有3000 多年的辉煌历史，甚
至从它的布局来看，这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。根据上文的“From Buddhist temples
to museums”可知，空处和上文保持一致，表示“从……到……”，用介词to。故填to。
62.考查非谓语动词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿，它是3000 多年辉煌历史的家
园，即使是在它的布局上，这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语，表
示“精心建造的……”，和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。
63.考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21 世纪的
建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中担当
主语，所以用关系代词which 或that 引导。故填which/that。
64.考查名词。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21 世纪的建筑
奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式；根据下文的“historical buildings of
the past”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。
65.考查连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“ It is a distinct
visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good
combination.”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。
66.考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的10 年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个
城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I”之间
为主动关系；根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知，用完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完
成时态。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Having visited。
67.考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10 年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个
城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was
able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I 和动
词amaze 之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。
68.考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing
sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语，用动名词形式。故填recording。
69.考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里
总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50 年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修
饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。
70.考查时态。句意：这座城市的显著发展，在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界，意味着这里总是有
新的东西等待发现，我可以在接下来的50 年里一直拍摄北京。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本
句时态为一般现在时；主语为“development”，单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。
【2023▪浙江1 月卷】
During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing
56
arranged the residential
areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”,
57
(original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian,
appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City,
58
(surround)in concentric(同心的)circles by
the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes
59
(permit) to live closer to the center of
the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often
60
(feature) beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined
by
61
(space) homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers.
Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and
62
(simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were
narrower.
Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing’s long history
63
capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic
64
(event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace,
and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect
65
culture of grassroots Beijingers.
56. and 57. originally 58. surrounded 59. were permitted 60. featured 61. spacious 62.simpler 63. as 64.
events 65. the
【原文】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京的胡同的由来、规模及历史意义。
56.考查连词。句意：在中国的朝代时期，皇帝规划北京城并根据社会阶层安排居住区。分析句子结构可知，
planned 和arranged 是并列的谓语动词，表示并列关系应用连词and 连接。故填and。
57.考查副词。句意：胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思，首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词
meaning 需要填副词形式。故填originally。
58.考查非谓语动词。句意：在明朝，紫禁城是中心，它被由内层和外层构成的同心圆包围。分析句子结构，
was 是谓语动词，空格处需要填非谓语动词作后置定语，主语the Forbidden City 和surround 之间是动宾
关系，需填过去分词形式。故填surrounded。
59.考查动词的被动语态。句意：高等阶层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。分析句子结构可知，
空格处在句中作谓语，和主语Citizens of higher social classes 构成被动关系，因为是对过去事实的陈述应
用一般过去时。故填were permitted。
60.考查动词时态。句意：这些高级官员和有钱商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房顶横梁
和柱子为特点。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填谓语动词，再结合上下文时态可知，空格处应用一般过
去时。故填featured。
61.考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容
词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。
62.考查形容词比较级。句意：他们的四合院规模要小很多，并且在设计和装饰上更加简单，并且胡同也更
窄。根据句子结构和and 可知，空格处需要填形容词比较级和前面的smaller 构成并列结构作表语。故填
simpler。
63.考查介词。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些
还跟历史事件有关。根据句意可知，空格处译为“作为”，as 是介词意为“作为”，符合句意。故填as。
64.考查名词的数。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有
一些还跟历史事件有关。根据空格前的形容词historic 可知，空格处需要填名词，且event 为可数名词，应
用复数形式。故填events。
65.考查冠词。句意：与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同所反映出的是草
根北京人的文化。根据名词culture 后面的介词短语of grassroots Beijingers 可知，此处culture 表示特指概
念，应用定冠词the 修饰。故填the。
〖2022 年高考真题题组〗
【2022 新高考全国I 卷】
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP).
56
(cover)an area about three times
57
size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first
national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that
58
(be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority
59
(increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP
60
(design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems,
preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones,
61
leaving behind precious natural
assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate
62
(population)and homes of giant pandas, and
63
(eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the
wild.
Giant pandas also serve
64
an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and
animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection
for all the species
65
live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the
ecosystem in the area.
56.Covering 57. the 58. were 59. to increase 60. is designed 61. and 62. populations 63. eventually 64.
as 65. that
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。
56. Covering。考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家
公园之一。设空处在句中作非谓语，cover 和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP 为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词
的形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。
57. the。考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本
句的结构为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。
58. were。考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现
有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that 引导的限制性
定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之
前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were。
59. to increase。考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多
现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语，
做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。
60. is designed。考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP 旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性
保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语，
和句子的主语The GPNP 之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的
被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。故填is designed。
61. and。考查连词。句意：GPNP 旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保
护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处前后为并列关系，应用and。故填
and。
62. populations。考查名词。句意：GPNP 的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达
到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处和and 后的复数名词homes 并列在句中作宾语，应用可数名词
population (种群)的复数的形式。故填populations。
63. eventually。考查副词。句意：GPNP 的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到
理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词achieve，设空处应用副词eventually 作状语，修饰动词
achieve。故填eventually。
64. as。考查介词。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。
固定短语：serve as (充当)。故填as。
65. that。考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range 的所有物种提供更有力
的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，
设空处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all 修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填
that。
【2022 新高考全国II 卷】
Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-
floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his
arms to catch the
56
(fall) child.
Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors
say he'll be OK.
57
Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs.
Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell
58
(sleep) while watching TV.
Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and
climbed up
59
(see) them. When he looked down, he
60
(accidental ) slipped and fell over the
edge. He hung on for a few minutes
61
screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
Henry
62
(fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the
balcony. He quickly
63
(throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
He saved my
64
(son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know
65
to thank him.”
"I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry.
56. falling 57. The 58. asleep 59. to see 60. accidentally 61. and 62. was fixing 63. threw 64. son's 65. how
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是正在修车的Henry 拯救了挂在六楼公寓的阳台上，即将要掉下来的
小孩Eric 的故事。
56. falling 考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100 米，跳
过了1.2 米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out 为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓
语动词。根据句意，fall 为动词，意为“掉落”， child 和fall 之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。
故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。
57. The 考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词
与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏，意为“某某一家人”，the 符合句意。同时该单词置于
句首，首字母应该大写。故填The。
58. asleep 考查形容词。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形容
词作表语。sleep 为动词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep 为固定搭配，意为“熟睡的”，
asleep 符合句意。故填asleep。
59. to see 考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一
把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up 为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，
他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do 不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
60. accidentally 考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，
设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental 为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为
accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。
61. and 考查连词。句意：他坚持了几分钟，尖叫喊着他的父亲，但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构，
设空处应该填写连词，连接hung 和screamed 两个动作。根据句意，此处表示并列关系。故填and。
62. was fixing 考查动词。句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。
根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事
实。故使用过去进行时。fix 为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。
63. threw 考查过去式。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构，设空处与空后
的and started 构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw 为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。故
填threw。
64. son’s 考查名词所有格。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意，life 与提示词son 之间是所属关系，
故应该使用名词所有格。故填son’s。
65. how 考查特殊疑问词。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to
do 不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how 意为“如何”，符合句意。故填how。
【2022 全国甲卷】
A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step
61
(journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang,
62
lost his eyesight at the age of eight in
a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for
International Cooperation
63
(hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致
敬) to the ancient Silk Road.
64
friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental
65
(protect).
Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more
66
(meaning). The two of them collected more than
1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.
In the last five years, Cao
67
(walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached
the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s
68
(high) mountain.
Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700
kilometers
69
Xi’an to Kashgar on seat 20,
70
(plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
61. to journey 62. who 63. held 64. A 45. protection 66. meaningful 67. has walked 68. highest 69. from
70. planning
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一个失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。
61. to journey。考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40 天来到西安，作为“一带一
路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey 为动词，表示“旅行”，step 前面有序数词，应用
不定式，作后置定语。故填to journey。
62. who。考查定语从句。句意：在1100 公里的旅程中，8 岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个
省的40 个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，
在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who 引导。故填who。
63. held。考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步
穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold 应用非谓
语动词形式，hold 与cooperation 之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填
held。
64. A。考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的
一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend 以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。
65. protection。考查名词。句意：曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词
environmental 可知，此处应用名词protection，作宾语，protection 表示“保护”时，是不可数名词。故填
protection。
66. meaningful。考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make 复合结构，应
用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。
67. has walked。考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34 个国家，2016 年，他到
达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years 可知，此处应用现在完成
时，主语Cao 为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。
68. highest。考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34 个国家，2016 年，他到达
了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa’s 可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的
山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。
69. from。考查介词。句意：9 月20 日，他从4700 公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西
安。根据句意和Xi’an to Kashgar 可知，此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词from，固定搭配from…
to…表示“从……到……”。故填from。
70. planning。考查非谓语动词。句意：9 月20 日，他从4700 公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内
徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan 与主
语He 之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填planning。
【2022 全国乙卷】
May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially
61
the
United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate
62
festival, a number of events took place at
the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society
63
(address) the opening ceremony. “As a
main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the
64
(large) tea-producing
country, China has a
65
(responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development
of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a
66
(share) future for mankind,” he said.
The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued ( 发布) at the ceremony calls for
people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation
67
cultural
exchanges. A four-year tea promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the
initiative.
68
(strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public
promotional activities on social media,
69
(invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the
world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening
70
(it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
61. by 62 the 63. addressed 66. largest 65. responsibility 66. shared 67. and 68. To strengthen 69. inviting
50. its
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了庆祝第一个国际茶日，中国商会博物馆所举办的一系列
活动。
61. by。考查介词。句意：2019 年11 月47 日，联合国正式将5 月21 日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可
知，此处表达“被联合国在5 月21 日命名”。表示被动，使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故填by。
62. the。考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。
特指International Tea Day 这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
65. addressed。考查时态。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。
故填addressed。
64. largest。考查形容词最高级。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，
中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the 和常识可知，中国是最大产茶国，所
以用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。
65. responsibility。考查名词。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中
国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a 后接可数名词的单数形式。故填
responsibility。
66. shared。考查非谓语动词。句意：这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名
词future。非谓语动词share 和名词future 之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。
67. and。考查连词。句意：仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来，促进
国际合作和文化交流。名词international cooperation 和cultural exchanges 为并列成分，作动词promote
的宾语。故填and。
68. To strengthen。考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列
公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的49 名茶叶专业人士进行56 小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此
处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。
69. inviting。考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣
传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的49 名茶叶专业人士进行56 小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑
主语the event 与invite 之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。
70. its。考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真
——普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition 前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
【2022 年浙江6 月卷】
To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting
56
(appreciate)by someone who’s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not
57
(do). John Olson, a former
58
(photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models.
The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to
59
blind because we don’t see with
just Our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity-the brain’s adaptability-shows that
the visual cortex(大脑皮层)is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their
60
(exist) senses, in a way similar to that of
61
(sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.
Luc Gandarias, who’s now thirteen, went blind suddenly
62
age seven. When he felt a 3D version
of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he
63
(notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what
you see when you look at it,” he said.
For Luc, this means
64
(independent). "The feeling of being able to see it
65
to form
my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.”
56. be appreciated 57. to do 58. photographer 59. the 60. existing 61. sighted 62. at 63. noticed 64.
independence 65. and
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式。
56.考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：但是一个盲人怎么能欣赏一幅画呢？主语a painting 与谓语
appreciate 为被动关系，且置于情态动词can 之后，所以本句为含有情态动词的被动语态。故填be
appreciated。
57.考查不定式。句意：通过触摸，这是画廊招牌告诉你不要做的一件事。tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不
要做某事”为固定短语。故填to do。
58.考查名词。句意：约翰·奥尔森是一位前摄影师，他和他的团队将绘画转化为全纹理3D 模型。单数名词
做主语，根据句意表示“摄影师”，此处为单数概念，故填photographer。
59.考查冠词。句意：触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式，因为我们不仅仅用眼睛看；我们用大脑看。
the blind“盲人”，the+形容词表示一类人。故填the。
60.考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的
感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词existing 作定语，修饰sense。故填existing。
61.考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的
感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词sighted 作定语修饰名词people，表示“能看见的、不
盲的”。故填sighted。
62.考查介词。句意：Luc Gandarias 今年13 岁，7 岁时突然失明。表示在多大年龄时，用介词at。故填
at。
63.考查时态。句意：当他触摸到莱昂纳多·达·芬奇的3D 版《蒙娜丽莎》时，他立刻注意到了她的微笑。
根据“he felt”可知，本句为一般过去时。故填noticed。
64.考查名词。句意：对卢克来说，这意味着独立。不可数名词independence 作mean 的宾语。故填
independence。
65.考查连词。句意：能够看到它并形成我的观点的感觉就像盲人推倒了另一堵墙。根据句意可知，前后为
并列关系，所以用and 来连接。故填and。
【2022 年浙江1 月卷】
Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing
minority of academics
56
are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to
conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane
57
(view) as important for scientists to get
together and exchange information. But Cobb and others
58
(be) now questioning that idea pushing
conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and
59
( change) their personal behavior to do
their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example,
60
(rough) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists
61
(promise) to fly as little as possible since the
effort started two years ago.
Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak
62
she could do so
remotely; about three-quarters of
63
time, they agreed. When the answer was no, she declined the
64
(invite). That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans
65
( continue) the
practice. "It has been fairly rewarding", she says, "a really positive change."
56. who/that 57. is viewed/has been viewed 58. are 59. changing 60. roughly 61. have promised 62.
whether/if 63. the 64. invitation 65. to continue
◆这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个由学者团体发行的实践，目的是为了减少学术飞行以应对气候变化危
机。
56. 考查定语从句。句意：亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb 是一个少数但是不断增加的少数
学者中的一员，因为气候变化，他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics 后为定语从句且在从句中
作主语，应使用关系代词替代，故填that/who。
57. 考查被动语态。句意：对科学家而言，旅行去参加会议、讲座、工作室之类的地方来相聚并交流信息
这件事被视为是重要的。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时，此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在
的认知，动名词作主语与主谓之间存在被动关系，故填is viewed 或has been viewed。
58. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但是现在Cobb 和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议提供更多远程参
加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他们正在改变他们的个人行为。根据句意可知，此
处也应使用现在进行时，主语为复数，故填are。
59.考查时态。句意：但是现在Cobb 和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及
为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他们正在改变他们的个人行为。分析句子结构可知，此处and 连
接并列的动词questioning 和change，故填changing。
60. 考查副词。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200 个学
者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly“粗略地大约”，故填roughly。
61. 考查时态。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200 个学
者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时，故填
have promised。
62. 考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb 开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask 后
面出现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，whether/if“是否”符合语境，故填whether 或if。
63. 考查冠词。句意：大约有四分之三的时间，他们同意了。此处特指Cobb 询问的时间范围内，故填
the。
64. 考查名词。句意：当答案是否定的时候，她拒绝了那个邀请。此处需填入名词作动词decline 的宾语，
故填invitation。
65. 考查动词不定式。句意：他打算继续这个实践。动词plan 后面跟动词不定式，plan to do sth“计划做”，
故填to continue。
【2022 年北京卷】
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的
空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Helen was walking down the street late 11 the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused
on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man
charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention 12 (harm) her, Helen started to run.
Eventually, the man 13 (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet!
11. in 12. to harm 13 caught
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是海伦在夜间独行时的一段经历。
11.考查介词。句意：深夜，海伦抱着购物袋走在街上。in the evening 意为“在晚上”，固定搭配。故in。
12.考查非谓语动词。句意：海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑。分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓
语动词的形式，have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填to
harm。
13.考查动词时态。句意：最终，那个男人追上了她，他只是想把她的钱包还给她！结合句意空处应填谓语
动词的形式，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填caught。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的
空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly 14 (support) by experts,
suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine 15 smells are
dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally 16
(have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the
smell associated with danger.
14. supported 15 whether 16. has
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍的是人们更喜欢一些味道而不是其它的味道的一个原因，是因为人们对气
味的偏好是习得的，这个理论也是越来越多地被专家支持的。
14.考查非谓语动词。句意：被专家越来越多地支持的一个理论表明气味的偏好是习得的。分析句子结构可
知，空格处的动词做非谓语，结合空格后的by experts 可判断出该处意为“被专家们支持”，所以空格处应
用过去分词表被动。故填supported。
15.考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：解释我们怎样确定气味是不是危险的是容易的：我们学习到的。分析句
子结构可知，空格前的determine 为及物动词，空格后是主+系+表的句子结构，所以空格处的词用来引导
宾语从句。再结合句意及空格后句子中的or not 可知，此处考查whether…or not 的搭配。故填whether。
16.考查主谓一致。句意：气体本来没有可识别的味道。分析句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语，本句话是
在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时态，且主语gas 在本文中指的是气体的统称，为不可数名词，所以谓语
动词要用单三形式。故填has。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空
白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Since people can’t always eat out or cook for 17 (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More
takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags,
most of 18 are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even 19 (bad).
The use of those plastics 20 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation
continues.
【答案】17. themselves 18. which 19. worse 20. has increased
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了人们在点外卖的同时，也增加了塑料产品的使用，造成了环境污染。
17.考查反身代词。句意：因为人们不能总是在外面吃饭或者为他们自己做饭，所以他们叫外卖或者叫外卖。
空处在句中作介词for 的宾语，当主语和宾语为同一物时，宾语要用反身代词。所以此处要用反身代词
themselves。故填themselves。
18.考查定语从句。句意：这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数（东西）只有一种用途。分析可知，most
of ______are only good for one use 在句中为非限制性定语从句；先行词为cups, bottles, and bags，在从句
中作介词of 的宾语，所以此处用关系代词which。故填which。
19.考查比较级。句意：这是个大问题，而且越来越严重。even“甚至”常置于比较级前，所以此处用
worse，故填worse。
20.考查现在完成时。句意：自从2019 年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019，可知
此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics 为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。
〖2021 年高考真题题组〗
【2021 新高考I 卷】
Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”.
56
is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are
at the top will remind you how tiny we 57
(human) are.
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will 58
(undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets,
the 59
(hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is — always leaving us 6 0
(astonish).
What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it 61
(be) for the people
then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it
highlights the whole adventure 6 2
offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 6 3
(ache) legs.
As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s
memory. It sure does in 6 4
(I). While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is 6 5 must to visit!
56. What 57. humans 58. undoubtedly 59. hotter 60. astonished 61. was 62. and 63. aching 64. mine
65. a
【导读】本文是一篇说明文。去游览黄山让作者想起了披头士流行的歌曲“蜿蜒长路”。如果到中国，黄
山应该是必游之地。
56. What。考查名词性从句。该句的“ 56 is so breathtaking about the experience”是主语从句，从句
中缺少主语，所以用What。
57. humans。考查名词。与主语we 是同位语，所以用复数。
58. undoubtedly。考查副词。修饰动词help，用副词形式。
59. hotter。考查形容词。此处相当于“the more..., the more...”结构，意为“越……越……”。前面用的是
the colder，所以此处用the hotter。
60. astonished。考查形容词。此处说明“us”的状态，所以用astonished。
61. was。考查主谓一致和时态。主语是第三人称单数it，时间状语是then，所以用was。
62. and。考查连词。空格后的动词offers 与前面的动词highlights 构成并列关系，所以用and。
63. aching。考查非谓语动词。修饰legs 用现在分词aching，表示主动和进行的动作。
64. mine。考查代词。上文提到“in the visitor’s memory”，此处相当于“in my memory”，所以用mine 代
替my memory。
65. a。考查冠词。a must 意为“一处必须去的地方”。
【2021 新高考II 卷】
I've always loved the ocean. In the
56
(seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay
Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage,
57
(think)it is food.
I decided to do something
58
(educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to
teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company
59
used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）.
I found the contact information of the company
60
emailed its president. I told him how
61
(harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so
62
(excite) when he wrote back to me. He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic
straws in half.
I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I
wrote to
63
(be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company
64
(represent) wrote back and told me the
airline was switching over
65
plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.
56. seventh 57. thinking 58. to educate 59. which##that 60. and 61. harmful 62. excited 63. was 64.
representative 65. from
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己为了保护海洋，减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。
56.考查序数词。句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。 表示“七年级” 用序
数词，所以填seventh。
57.考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。分析句子结
构，____57____ (think)it is food.用作状语，think 与其逻辑主语many sea animals 之间是主动关系，用现
在分词，所以填thinking。
58.考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，____58____
(educate) people about this problem.用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填to educate。
59.考查定语从句。句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它减少使
用塑料。分析句子结构， ____59____ used a lot of plastic 是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a company，关系
词在从句中作主语，指物，用which 或that 引导该从句，所以填which 或that。
60.考查连词。句意：我找到了这家公司的联系方式，并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。“ found”和“emailed”
之间是并列关系，用and 连接两个并列的谓语动词，所以填and。
61.考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how 引导的感
叹句，how 之后接形容词，所以填harmful。
62.考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was 之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用
v+ed 形式的形容词，所以填excited。
63.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的
谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词
复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。
64.考查名词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200 个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。该
空作句子主语，用名词，前面有不定冠词修饰，用名词单数，所以填representative。
65.考查介词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200 个航班从塑料杯换成纸杯。
from sth to sth 从...到..., 所以填from。
【2021 全国甲卷】
The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It
6 1
(build)
originally to protect the city
6 2
the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
It is possible
63
(walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of
people moving inside and outside the City Wall.
After
64
(spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was
time for some action and what
65
(good) than to ride on a piece of history!
We
66
(hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 67
did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all
68
way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can
do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and
69
(watchtower) to take pictures or
just to watch the local people going about their
70
(day) routines.
61. was built 62. in 63. to walk 64. spending 65. better 66. hired 67. but 68. the 69. watchtowers
70. daily
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者游览西安长城的活动。
61. 句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，
动词build 和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty 可
知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it 为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。
62. 句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知，表示“在某个
朝代”应用介词in。故填in。
63. 句意：在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好
的呢。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”，it 为形式主语，动词walk 的不定式短语作真
正主语。故填to walk。
64. 句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什
么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处After 为介词，故spend 应用其动名词形式作介词宾语。
故填spending。
65. 句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什
么比骑在历史上更好的呢。根据后文比较连（介）词than 可知，此处应用形容词good 的比较级。故填
better。
66. 句意：我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词，根据上下文可知，此处描
述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填hired。
67. 句意：我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃，但还可以骑。后文did the job 和前文My bike was old and shaky
之间存在转折关系，故用表示转折的连词but 连接。故填but。
68. 句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3 个小时。结合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短语为all the
way，故用定冠词the 限定名词way。故填the。
69. 句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人
进行他们的日常生活。根据句意以及前文形容词different 可知，此处可数名词watchtower 是复数概念，
应用其复数形式。故填watchtowers。
70. 句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人
进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词routines 应用day 的形容词daily，作定语，修饰名词。故填daily。
【2021 全国乙卷】
Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact( 影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from
traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become
61
(educate) about the areas - both in
terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and
benefits the
62
(develop) of the local areas.
Ecotourism has
63
(it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely
accepted as a travel concept
64
the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness
made it desirable.
Due to
65
growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 66
trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
·Minimize the impact of
67
(visit) the place.
·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
·Provide
68
(finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique
biodiversity.
69
(activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations
aim
70
(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
61. educated 62. development 63. its 64. until 65. the 66. of 67. visiting 68. financial 69. activities 70. to have
这是一篇说明文。主要讲述生态旅游通常被认为是到原始地区的低影响旅游。但是由于与环境相关的
探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。实际上，生态旅游必须满足一些规定。
61.句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且
经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。分析句子成分可知，此处查固定搭配become educated
about 表示“对……有所了解”。故填educated。
62. 句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并
且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词the 可知，此处填入名词
development 来做动词benefits 的宾语。故填development。
63. 句意：生态旅游起源于20 世纪70 年代的环境运动。根据空格后名词origin 可知，此处形容词性物主
代词来修饰名词origin。故填its。
64.句意：直到20 世纪80 年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知，此处表示“直到20 世纪
80 年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”，表示“直到……才……”使用固定句型“not……until……”。
故填until。
65.句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。分析句子结
构可知，空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“growing popularity of environmental-related and adventure
travel”可知，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，所以应填定冠词the。故填the。
66. 句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。various
types of 为固定搭配表示“各种各样的”，所以空格处应填of。故填of。
67. 句意：最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of 可知，空格处应填动名词形式来作介
词of 的宾语。故填visiting。
68. 句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。根据空后名词aid 可知，空格处应填形容词来修饰名词
aid，finance 的形容词形式为financial。故填financial。
69. 句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。根据谓语动词range
可知，空格处应填用可数名词activity 的复数形式作主语。故填activities。
70. 句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim to do 译
为“旨在，目的是”。故填to have。
【2021 浙江6 月卷】
It doesn’t impress like George Washington’s plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln’s home in downtown
Springfield, Illinois, 56 (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored
（修复）to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln’s home for 17 years. In 1844 they
bought it 57 $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their 58 (marry)
ceremony in 1842.
When the house was built, it was much 59 (small) than it is today. Mary’s niece wrote, "The little
home 60 (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a
reflection of 61 (she), everything in good taste and in perfect order.
Although Mary loved flowers, 62 she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long- time
neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace,
often came over 63 (plant) flowers in the front yard.
64 Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing
family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they
rented the house and 65 (sell) most of their furniture.
56. has proved/has proven 57. for 58. marriage 59. smaller 60. was painted 61. herself 62. neither 63. to plant
64. The 65. sold
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国总统林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的老房子的变迁历
史。
56.考查动词。句意：它不像乔治华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象，但林肯在伊利诺
伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家，自从向公众开放以来，就被证明对游客来说是不可抗拒的。分析句子成分
可知，设空处作谓语动词，Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield Illinois 作主语；结合句意及设空处后
的时间状语从句since it opened to the public 可知，此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，符合现在完
成时概念，故设空处用现在完成时；现在完成时结构是has/have +过去分词；主语Lincoln’s home in
downtown Springfield Illinois 是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，提示词prove 的过去分词形式是
proved 或proven。故填 has proved/ has proven。
57.考查介词。句意：1866 年，他们以1200 美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，
查尔斯·德莱瑟在1862 年举行了他们的婚礼。结合句意可知，此处考查固定短语buy sth. for +价格，意为
“以……价格买某物”。故填for。
58.考查名词。句意：1866 年，他们以1200 美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，
查尔斯·德莱瑟在1862 年举行了他们的婚礼。结合设空前的形容词性物主代词可知，此处要用名词形式；
结合设空处后的ceremony，可知此处意为“婚礼”；提示词marry 意为“婚姻”，其名词形式为
marriage，marriage ceremony 意为“婚礼”。故填marriage。
59.考查形容词。句意：这栋房子建成时比现在小得多。结合设空前的much 和设空后的than 可知，此处考
查形容词比较级固定结构much+比较级+than，提示词small 的比较级形式为smaller。故填smaller。
60.考查被动语态。句意：这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The little
home 作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被漆”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被
动语态；根据上文的was built 可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去
分词；主语The little home 是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint 的过去分词形式是painted。故
填was painted。
61.考查代词。句意：她非常漂亮，她的房子是她自己的写照，一切都很有品位，井井有条。根据句意可知，
此处意为“她自己”，可知此处考查反身代词；提示词she 的反身代词是herself。故填herself。62.考查连
词。句意：虽然玛丽喜欢花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知，此处考查连词结构
“neither…nor…”，意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。
63.考查动词不定式。句意：玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝·托德·华莱士经常来前院种花。分析句子结构可知，设空
处作状语；根据句意可知，此处是目的状语；目的状语用动词不定式表示；提示词plant 的不定式形式为
to plant。故填to plant。
64.考查冠词。句意：林肯夫妇在1856 年把房子扩大到了整整两层，以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。
根据句意可知，此处意为“林肯一家”；根据设空后的Lincolns 可知，此处考查“the+姓氏复数”，表示
夫妇俩，或者一家人。设空处位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填The。
65.考查动词。句意：1861 年林肯当选美国总统后，他们租了房子，卖掉了大部分家具。分析句子成分可
知，设空处和前面的动词rented 一起做并列谓语；根据时间状语1861 可知，此处用一般过去时态，提示
词sell 的过去式形式是sold。故填sold。
【2021 浙江1 月卷】
In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that
people worldwide are getting heavier 56 that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 57 gives an indication of whether someone is a
healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 58 (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a
BMI of between 19 and 25 59 (consider) healthy.
The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 60 2.1 in women and men. In
cities, however, the gain 61 (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes”
in the geography of BMI. In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 62
(study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban
and rural people in many countries had narrowed 63 (sharp) .
This may be due to some disadvantages for people 64 (live) in the countryside, including 65 (low)
levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
56. and 57. that / which 58. person’s 59. is considered 60. by 61. was 62. studied 63. sharply 64. Living 65.
lower
本文是一篇说明文，讲述了在200 个国家进行的一项有关33 年来体重指数趋势的研究中，科学家发现全世
界的人都变得越来越重，增长的主要原因是农村地区体重指数的增加。
1.and 考查连词。科学家们发现，世界各地的人们越来越重，而这主要是由于农村地区BMI 的增加。设空
处连接两个并列成分，前后均为that 引导的宾语从句，故填and。
2.that/which 考查定语从句。句意：BMI 是国际公认的测量工具，它能显示一个人的体重是否健康。先行
词tool 指物，关系代词在从句中作主语，故填that/which。.
3.person’s 考查名词所有格。它的计算方法是用一个人的体重（公斤）除以身高（米）的平方。根据句意
可知，空后的名词weight 与person 之间是所属关系，故填person’s。
4.is considered 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。BM 在19 到25 之间被认为是健康的。句中第一个and 连接并
列句，故设空处为谓语动词，由is calculated 可知此处为一般现在时；分句主语是a BML，故用单数；a
BMI 与consider 是被动关系，故填is considered。
5.by 考查介词。句意：研究发现，1985 年至2017 年，农村女性和男性的平均BM 增加了2.l。increase
by“增加了多少”，故填by。
6.ws 考查主谓一致和时态。句意：然而，在城市中，女性的指数增加了1.3，男性的增加了1.6。主语为
the gain，故谓语动词用单数；根据上文的increased 可知，时态为一般过去时，故填was。
7.studied 考查非谓语动词。句意：1985 年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMI
值高于农村地区的男性和女性的BMI 值。本句中谓语动词是had，故设空处是用来作后置定语修饰
countries 的，两者间是被动关系，表示完成的动作，故填studied。
8.sharply 考查词性转换。句意：但30 年后，许多国家城市和农村人口的BMI 差异大幅缩小。副词修饰动
词had narrowed，故填sharply
9.living 考查非谓语动词。这可能是由于生活在农村的人的一些不利条件。设空处作后置定语修饰people，
两者之间是主动关系，故填living。
10.lower 考查形容词比较级。根据后面的higher、fewer 可知，设空处填lower。
【2021 北京卷】
阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空. 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空
白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Why do we dream? Scientists aren't completely sure, and they have diverse
11
(idea). Dreams might
be a side effect of memory making. When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything
12
happened
during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories. As it
13
(connect) things, your brain
turns them into a story, and you get a dream.
11. ideas 12. that 13. connects
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了我们为什么会做梦的原因。
11.考查可数名词的数。句意：科学家们还不能完全确定, 他们有不同的想法。diverse“不同的, 多种多样
的”, 形容词作定语, 后接可数名词复数；idea 想法, 可数名词。故填ideas。
12.考查定语从句。句意：当你睡觉时, 你的大脑会整理白天发生的一切, 试图将新经历与旧记忆联系起来。
分析句子结构可知, 空处需用连接词引导定语从句, 先行词是不定代词everything, 关系词在定语从句中作
主语, 所以此处需用关系代词that 引导定语从句。故填that。
13.考查时态。句意：当它连接事物时, 你的大脑将它们变成一个故事, 然后你就得到了一个梦。由主句谓
语动词turns 可知, 空处从句的谓语动词需用一般现在时态, 主语是第三人称单数it, 所以空处谓语动词需
用单数。故填connects。
B
阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空. 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空
白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Sam is an in-real-life streamer(播主), and he live streams himself just going about his day. While riding his
bike home
14
a cold night, he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself.
The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about
15
she lived. Sam walked her to a nearby
convenience store so that she could
15
_(safe) wait for the police to take her home.
14. on 15. where 16. safely
【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了生活博主Sam 救助一个老妇人的故事。
14.考查介词。句意：在一个寒冷的夜晚, 当他骑着自行车回家时, 他遇到了一个看起来悲伤的老妇人独自
在街上游荡。表示“在具体的某一天”或“（在具体的某一天的）早上、中午、晚上”等, 须用介词on。
故填on。
15.考查宾语从句。句意：这个可怜的老妇人不能说清楚她住在哪里。介词about 后是宾语从句, 根据句意,
此处用where“在哪里；……的地方”符合句意, 从句中作地点状语, 故填where。
16.考查副词。句意：山姆带她去了附近的一家便利店, 这样她就可以安全地等警察带她回家了。修饰动词
wait 用副词作状语, 故填safely。
C
阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空. 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空
白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
There
17
(be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years,
18
(cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to
2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world,
19
(result) in USD 2,970 billion in
economic loss. Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need
20
(invest) in disaster prevention.
【答案】17. has been 18. caused 19. resulting 20. to invest
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章指出过去20 年里, 极端天气事件的数量急剧增加, 这在很大程度上是
由全球气温上升造成的, 引发重大自然灾害, 造成了极大的经济损失, 因此人们急需投资于灾害预防。
17.考查动词时态。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告, 过去20 年里, 极端天气事件的数量急剧增加, 这在很
大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语over the past 20 years 可知, 此处使用现在完成时, a
dramatic rise 是单数感念, 助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。
18.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events 与cause 是逻辑动
宾关系, 应用过去分词, 表被动。故填caused。
19.考查非谓语动词。句意：2000 年至2019 年, 全球共发生重大自然灾害7348 起, 造成经济损失2.97 万亿
美元。7,348 major natural disasters around the world 与result 是逻辑主谓关系, 且表示一种自然的结果,
应用现在分词, 作结果状语。故填resulting。
20.考查非谓语动词。句意：研究结果表明, 急需投资于灾害预防。根据语境可知, 此处表示未来的动作,
应用不定式, 作后置定语。故填to invest。
〖2020 年高考真题题组〗
【2020 新高考卷】
Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th
centuries, ___
5 6___
(wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept
their collection at home until it got too big ___
5 7___
until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The
80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ___
5 8___
(form) the core collection of the British
Museum __
5 9___
opened in 1759.
The parts of a museum open to the public ___
6 0___
(call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a
museum’s collection ___
6 1___
(be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can
play with computer simulations ( 模拟) and imagine ___
6 2___
(they) living at a different time in history or
___
6 3___
(walk)through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city’s Viking settlement is recreated, and
people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical ___
6 4___
(accurate) is important but so
is entertainment. Museums must compete ____
6 5____
people’s spare time and money with other amusements.
Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
56. wealthy 57. or 58. formed 59. which/that 60. are called 61. is 62. themselves 63. walking 64. accuracy
65. for
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了博物馆藏品的来源及博物馆给人们带来的好处和面临的挑战。
56. wealthy 考查形容词。句意:在18 和19 世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词
people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。
57. or 考查连词。句意:他们把自己的藏品留在家里，直到收藏变得太大或者自己去世，然后这些藏品被捐
给一家博物馆。根据语境可知，前后陈述的是两者可能性，应使用连词or:或者。故填or。
58. formed 考查动词时态。句意:例如，汉斯•斯隆爵士的8 万件藏品构成了1759 年开馆的大英博物馆的核
心藏品。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in1759 可知，应使用一般过去时。故填formed。
59. which/that 考查定语从句。句意:例如，汉斯•斯隆爵士的8 万件藏品构成了1759 年开馆的大英博物馆的
核心藏品。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是the British Museum，关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系
代词which/that 引导。故填which/that。
60. are called 考查动词时态及语态。句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观
使用，应使用一般现在时；主语与call 是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。故填are
called。
61. is 考查主谓一致。句意:通常，博物馆只展出一小部分藏品。此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在
时，主语a small part of a museum’s collection 是单数概念，谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式，且后面的
Most of it is stored away or used for research.中的is 也是提示。故填is。
62．themselves 考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不
同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填
themselves。
63. walking 考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同
的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living 是并列成分，共同做imagine 的宾补，imagine sb
doing sth. “想象某人做某事”。故填walking。
64. accuracy 考查名词。句意:历史的准确性很重要，但娱乐也很重要。此处做主语，位于形容词historical
之后，应使用名词，意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。
65. for 考查介词。句意:博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语:compete
for，意为: “为了……竞争”。故填for。
【2020 全国I 卷】
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4
probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess
61
(touch) down last
week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is
62
(extreme) challenging.
Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit
above the moon in a spot
63
it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the
moon is of particular
64
(interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环
形山), more so
65
the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard
Chang’e-4
66
(find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,”
Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it
67
(mean) we have the chance to
obtain information about how the moon
68
(construct)”. Data about the moon’s composition, such as
how
69
ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether
70
(it) plans
for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
61. touched 62. extremely 63. where 64. interest 65. than 66. to find 67. means 68. is constructed 69.
much 70. its
这是一篇说明文。中国成为第一个将航天器降落在月球背面的国家，文章主要介绍了中国无人月球探
测器嫦娥四号发射的意义。
61. touched。句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极
艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last week 可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched。
62. extremely。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme
的副词形式，故填extremely。
63. where。句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天
器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词替代先行词在从句
中作地点状语，应用where 引导。故填where。
64. interest。句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词particular 可知，空处应填名词，
interest 是不可数名词，be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。
65. than。句意：因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more so 可知，此处填介词
than，表示“比……更”。故填than。
66. to find。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，
应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。
67. means。句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters 说：“因为它意味着
我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知，此处也使用一般
现在时，主语是it，所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。
68. is constructed。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词，谓语construct 与主语the moon
之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时，主语the moon 是单数，故填
is constructed。
69. much。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基
地的计划是否实用。ice 是不可数名词，应使用much 修饰，故填much。
70. its。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans 可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。
【2020 全国II 卷】
Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a
61
(celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of
spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers
62
(carry) special significance. They
represent the earth
63
(come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more
64
decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They
make great gifts and you see them many times
65
(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good
fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office.
66
(certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated
67
health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy
68
(care) for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The
69
(beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds
(蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are
70
first to flower even as the snow is melting(融
化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
61. celebration 62.carries 63.coming 64. than 65. decorated 66. Certainly 67. with 68. to care 69. beautiful 70.
The
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了用一些植物、水果和鲜花装饰中国新年的寓意。
61.考查名词。句意：中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词a 后接名词形式。故填
celebration。
62.考查主谓一致。句意：这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。这是一个表语从句，
从句主语为动名词短语decorating with plants, fruits and flowers，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填
carries。
63.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，
所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth 与come back to 之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填
coming。
64.考查短语。句意：桔子树不仅仅是装饰品；more than 不仅仅，不只是。故填than。
65.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them
指代前句中的orange trees ，与decorate 之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填
decorated。
66.考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变
成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。
67.考查短语。句意：竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be associated with 与……相联系。
故填with。
68.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。
故填to care。
69.考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容
词形式。故填beautiful。
70.考查冠词。句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指，所以序数词first 前要加定冠词
the。故填the。
【2020 全国III 卷】
In ancient China lived an artist, 61 paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him
proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present
their 62 (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would 63 (choose), but
when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him
to travel to the Li River～perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with 64 (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 65 he asked the villagers on the banks
of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66 (point) down the river. The
next morning he hired a boat and set out 67 (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved, 68
(gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed
milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and
the soft clouds, 69 (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled (谦
卑) by the greatest artist 70 earth, Mother Nature.
61. whose 62. finest 63. be chosen 64. curiosity 65. When/As 66. pointed 67. to find 68. gently 69.
surrounding 70. on
这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了一位画家画画栩栩如生，有一天他将画送给宰相时，这位睿智的老人告
诉他去漓江旅行——也许他可以从世界上最伟大的艺术家那里学到一些东西。画家最后发现这位世界上最
伟大的艺术家就是大自然母亲。
61. 句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从
句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。
62. 句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，
以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级
finest。故填finest。
53. 句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he
与谓语动词choose 构成被动关系，且would 后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。
64. 句意：怀着好奇心，艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with 为介词，后跟名词curiosity 作宾语，表示“好奇
心”。故填curiosity。
65. 句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为
时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，且从句中动词asked 为短暂性动作动词，不能用while 引导，故应
用when 或as 引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。
66. 句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。根据上
文they smiled and 可知此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。
67. 句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语
为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。
68. 句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved 应用副
词gently 作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。
69. 句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知，the soft
clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops 是独立主格结构做状语，surround 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，
与逻辑主语clouds 构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。
70. 句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世界上”
短语为on earth。故填on。
【2020 浙江6 月卷】
Some time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived ___56___ ，
through agriculture. Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on ___57___ could be hunted or gathered
from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
Farming produced more food per person ___58___ hunting and gathering，so people were able to raise more
children. And ，as more children were born ，more food ___59___(need). Agriculture gave people their first
experience of the power of technology ___60___(change)lives.
By about 6000 BC，people ___61___ (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later ，they
learned to work with the ___62___ (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas， ___63___ (make)use
of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then ，with ___64___ rise of science，changes began.
New methods _____65_____ (mean)that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so，these changes
have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers(化肥)have now totally transformed a way of life
that started in the Stone Age.
56. in 57. what 58. than 59. was needed 60. to change 61. had discovered 62. seasons 63. making 64. the 65.
meant.
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了农业的发展历史。
56. 考查介词。句意：公元前10000 年以后，人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。分
析可知，“they lived _____”应是之前名词the world 的定语从句，定语从句引导词被省略，可推知先行词
应是在从句中作宾语，即：they lived in the world. live in+名词，意为“居住在某地”。故填in。
57. 考查名词性从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖，而更多
地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。分析句子，宾语从句部分缺主语，所以引导词应为“连接代词”。
根据句意，此处缺“什么”之意。故填what。
58. 考查固定搭配。句意：农业比狩猎和采集的人均粮食产量更高。结合句意可知，此句中将农业生产与
狩猎和采集相比，应用比较连词than。more… than，意为“比……更”故填than。
59. 考查时态语态。句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。分析句子，逻辑主语和need 之间表
示被动逻辑。同时此处描述的是过去的时间，所以时态应用过去时。故此处应用过去时的被动语态。food
为不可数名词。故填was needed。
60. 考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单句中已有动
词gave 故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填to change。
61. 考查时态。句意：大约在公元前6000 年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。分
析句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词，故此处需用动词的时态。逻辑主语和提示词之间表示主动逻
辑。by + 过去时间 译为“到…为止”，后面的句子用过去完成时。故填had discovered.
62. 考查名词复数。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪
水来灌溉农田。分析句子，提示词的词性为为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填seasons。
63. 考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的
洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，make 所处的分句中无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of 和逻辑主
语they 之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式（doing）形式做状语。故填making。
64. 考查定冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。with the rise of 译为“随着......的崛起”是固
定短语。故填the。
65. 考查时态。句意：新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。分析句子，主句部分无其他动词，故此处需填时
态。文章的整体时态是过去时，根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去时。逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。
所以此处填过去时的主动形式。故填meant。
【2020 浙江1 月卷】
Something significant is happening to the world population—it is aging. The median (中位数的) age of an
American in 1950
56
(be) 30—today it is 41 and is expected
57
(increase) to 42 by 2050.
For Japan, the
58
(number) are more striking—22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. In 2015, one in 12
people around the world were over 65; by 2050, it will be one in six.
This aging of the population is driven
59
two factors. The first is declining birth rates, which means
old generations are large
60
(compare) to younger generations, and so, on average, the population
becomes
61
(old) than before. This is
62
(particular) true in the US. The second reason is
that people are living longer. A child born in the US today has
63
very realistic chance of living
beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.
People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should
64
(place) on longevity
(长寿). It isn’t just that people are, on average, living longer. It’s also that they are on average healthier
65
more productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the
economy.
56. was 57.to increase 58.numbers 59.by 60. compared 61.older 62. particularly 63.a 64. be placed 65. and
本文是一篇说明文。文字介绍了全世界范围内人口老龄化现象日益严重，并分析导致人口老龄化的两个因
素。
56. was 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。结合上文的主语age 可知，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，同时根
据in 1950 可知,此处用一般过去时。故填was。
57.to increase 考查固定用法。此处考查固定用法sb./sth. is. expected to do sth. 预计某人/某物做某事。故填
to increase。
58.numbers 考查名词的数。根据谓语动词are 可知主语应该用复数。故填numbers。
59.by 考查介词的用法。此句为被动语态,介词by 的宾语是动作的执行者。故填by。
60. compared 考 查非谓语动词。结合句式结构可知,此处为非谓语动词，且主语old generations 和
compare 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。填compared。compared to/with 意为“....相比”。故填
compared。
61.older 考查形容词的比较级。根据than before 可知此处用比较级。这里意为“比以前更加年老”。故填
older。
62. particularly 考查词形转换。该词修饰形容词true, 应用副词。故填particularly( 尤其) 。故填
particularly。
63.a 考查冠词的用法。根据下文的chance 可知,这里表示“非常实际的一个可能性”，故填不定冠词a,表
示泛指。have a(n)... chance of 意为“有....的可能性”。故填a。
64. be placed 考查动词的语态。place 和主语attention 之间是被动关系,又因空前的情态动词should。故填
be placed。
65. and 考查连词的用法。healthier 和more productive 是并列关系,故填and。
【2020 年北京卷】
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的
空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food 1 (play) a big role in his life. "My mum
was a great cook, and she'd sometimes let me have a try," he said. The first dish Oliver prepared for his family was
fried chicken wings. He made it with his mum's help. Oliver says if you're 2 (luck) enough to have
someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them 3 you can join in when it's possible.
1. plays/has played/is playing/has been playing 2. lucky 3. if/whether
【分析】本文是记叙文，主要介绍了美食节目主持人奥利弗。
1.考查时态。句意：他说食物在他的生命中扮演着重要角色。此处表示现在的状态，也可以表示从过去一
直到现在延续的状态，所以可以用现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时和现在完成进行时。故填plays/has
played/is playing/has been playing。
2.考查形容词。句意：奥利弗说，如果你足够幸运，身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人。空前有be 动词，所以空处
填形容词做表语。故填lucky。
3.考查连词。句意：问他们你是否有可能加入他们。____ you can join in when it's possible.是宾语从句，从
句成分完整，但缺“是否”的意思，故填if/whether。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they 4 (throw) away. It takes them
hundreds of years 5 (break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap
sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart 6 countless tiny pieces, and fish
can accidentally eat some of them. Now, lots of 7 (country) and regions are taking action to ban the sale
of such bags to stop people using them.
4. are thrown 5. to break 6. into/to 7. countries
这是一篇说明文，介绍了一次性塑料袋的危害，应禁止使用。
4.考查时态语态。句意：一次性塑料袋在扔掉之前最多使用几次。本文讲的是客观事实，应该用一般现在
时，主语they（Single-use plastic bags ）和谓语动词throw 之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，
且谓语动词用复数形式。故填are thrown。
5.考查动词不定式。句意：它们用几百年的时间才分解。固定句型It takes sb./sth. +一段时间+ to do sth.
（花某人/物多长时间干某事），此处用动词不定式（to do ）作真正主语，It 形式主语。故填to break。
6.考查介词。句意：随着时间的推移，这些袋子分解成成无数的小碎片，鱼可能会不小心吃掉其中一些。
固定搭配fall apart into/to...（分崩离析成……），介词into/to 可表“进入……之中/变成……”。故填
into/to。
7.考查名词的数。句意：现在，许多国家和地区正在采取行动禁止销售这种袋子，以阻止人们使用。lots of
修饰可数名词复数，故填countries。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A piece of stone 8 (find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as
Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. The Neanderthals 9 （live）alongside human
ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. They were much
stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human ancestors were 10 （smart）than
the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggests otherwise.
【答案】8. found 9. lived/had lived/had been living 10. smarter
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我们
之前认为的更聪明。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明，我们已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我
们之前认为的更聪明。句子的谓语为suggests，设空处在句中作非谓语和逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系。
故答案为found。
9.考查动词的时态和语态。句意：尼安德特人与人类祖先一起在欧洲生活了数万年，直到大约4 万年前灭
绝。设空处在句中作谓语，结合句意，此处是指在灭绝之前一直生活了数万年。设空处的动作发生在灭绝
之前，结合时间状语for tens of thousands of years。故应用过去完成时态或者过去完成进行时态；又因动
作发生在过去，强调过去发生的动作，也可用一般过去时。故答案为lived/had lived/had been living。
10.考查形容词的比较级。句意：但长期以来，人们一直认为人类祖先比尼安德特人更聪明。设空处前为
were 设空处应用形容词，设空处后的than 表示比较，应用比较级。故答案为than。
〖2019 年高考真题题组〗
【2019 全国I 卷】
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While
they are rare north of 88°C, there is evidence 61
they range all the way across the Arctic, and as
far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the
range has been 62
(poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar
bears worldwide.
Modern methods 63
tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the
mid-1980s, and are expensive 64
(perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some
Inuit people in Nunayut 65
(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading
to a 66
(believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 67
(note)
that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that
populations are 68
(high) than they actually are. Of 69
nineteen recognized polar bear
subpopulations, three are declining, six 70
(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
【答案】61. being 62. which 63. finally 64. declared 65. to retire 66. have made 67. but 68. saying 69. a 70.
wonderful
【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了九十高龄的Irene 作为英国最年长的全职员工，依然在宠物店做
着朝九晚五的工作，没有退休的打算，她由此被评为“年度女士”。
61.考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for 可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。
62.考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened
一词的宾语，故用which。
63.考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been
acknowledged，意为“最终得到认可”，故填finally。
64.考查谓语动词。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had 以及said 可知，
用一般过去时态，故填declared。
65.考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth 作后置定语，用来修饰前面的名词plan，表示“……的计划”，故
填to retire。
66.考查动词时态。根据该定语从句中的时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我
喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。
67.考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我
想做。此处用but 与前文not 呼应，构成“不是……而是……”之意，故填but。
68.考查非谓语动词。前面已经有谓语动词call，故此处用非谓语动词形式，根据say 与其逻辑主语call 是
主动关系，故填saying。
69.考查冠词用法。句意：我们还以为这是一个玩笑。此处joke 为泛指，故填a。
70.考查形容词作表语。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is 之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderful。
【2019 全国II 卷】
A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 61
(be) Britain's oldest full-time
employee---still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in
Macclesfield, 62
she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 63
(final)
been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 64
(declare) she had no plans 65
(retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, “I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and
seeing my family and all the friends I 66
(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, 67
because I want to.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31, who works alongside her in the family business, said it remained unknown
as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we
got a call 68
(say) she was short-listed, we thought it was 69
joke. But then we got an official
letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's 70
(wonder).”
【答案】61. being 62. which 63. finally 64. declared 65. to retire 66. have made 67. but 68. saying
69. a 70. wonderful
【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了九十高龄的Irene 作为英国最年长的全职员工，依然在宠物店做
着朝九晚五的工作，没有退休的打算，她由此被评为“年度女士”。
61.考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for 可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。
62.考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened
一词的宾语，故用which。
63.考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been
acknowledged，意为“最终得到认可”，故填finally。
64.考查谓语动词。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had 以及said 可知，
用一般过去时态，故填declared。
65.考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth 作后置定语，用来修饰前面的名词plan，表示“……的计划”，故
填to retire。
66.考查动词时态。根据该定语从句中的时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我
喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。
67.考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我
想做。此处用but 与前文not 呼应，构成“不是……而是……”之意，故填but。
68.考查非谓语动词。前面已经有谓语动词call，故此处用非谓语动词形式，根据say 与其逻辑主语call 是
主动关系，故填saying。
69.考查冠词用法。句意：我们还以为这是一个玩笑。此处joke 为泛指，故填a。
70.考查形容词作表语。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is 之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderful。
【2019 全国III 卷】
On our way to the house, it was raining 61
hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would
take 62
(get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63
dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained
by their masters 64
had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their
experiences and 65
(recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we
were able to eat papaya (木瓜) and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 66
(compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 67
(tradition) stories
about Hawaii that were 68
(huge) popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay, we 69
(invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 70
(listen) to
musicians and meeting interesting locals.
【答案】61. so62. to get 63. of64. who 65. recommended 66. competition 67. traditional 68. hugely69. were
invited 70. listening
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了他们去夏威夷度假途中的经历以及到了主人家后受到的礼遇，主人
热情招待他们，还在工作之余带他们参加了很多当地的活动。
61.考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。
“so...that...”意为“如此……以至于……”，固定句型。故填so。
62.考查固定搭配。本句运用了take...to do sth.，意为“花费……做某事”，故此处应填to get。
63.考查介词。“a pack of”意为“一群……”。故填of。
64.考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行
词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。
65.考查一般过去时。句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参
观的地方。“ and” 前后两个动作“ shared” 与“ recommended” 是并列关系，时态一致。故填
recommended。
66.考查名词。由空格前的不定冠词an 与空格后的不定式to watch 可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。故填
competition。
67.考查形容词。空格修饰名词stories，应用形容词形式，tradition 的形容词为traditional，故填
traditional。
68.考查副词。空格处修饰形容词popular，应用副词形式，huge 的副词为hugely，故填hugely。
69.考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会。由“on the last day of our
week-long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，用被动语态。主语为we，故填were invited。
70.考查非谓语动词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以空格处动词listen 应用非谓语动词形式。听音
乐这个动作是由we 发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and 前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，
and 后meeting interesting locals 为分词形式，故空格处填listening。
【2019 浙江卷】
There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart.
The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody
___56___(have) to worry about fashion(时尚). Everybody wears ___57___ same style of clothes. Uniforms can
be useful in unexpected ways. A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the
jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___58___ gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or
___59___(cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ___60___(easy) see them.
But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ___61___ this question is not clear. One study
in America found that students’ grades ___62___(improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some
students didn’t want ___63___(wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no ___64___(connect)
between uniforms and school performance.
School uniforms are ____65____(tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some
very good schools don’t have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of
British secondary schools wear uniforms.
56. has/will have 57. the 58. that/which 59. cycling 60. easily 61. to 62. improved 63. to wear 64.
connection/connections 65. traditional
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学生穿校服的几个好处。
【56 题详解】
考查时态。句意：当每个学生在校穿校服时，没有人会担心时尚问题。本句是when 引导的时间状语从句，
遵循主将从现原则，因此，主句可以使用将来时will do；根据语境可知，本文叙述的是客观事实，因此，
本句亦可用一般现在时，主语是nobody，谓语用has。故填will have/has。
【57 题详解】
考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same 是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与the 连用修饰名
词。故填the。
58 题详解】
考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that 或
which 引导。故填that/which。
【59 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到它们。or 连接两
个并列成分，根据or 前的walking 可知，此处要用cycling。故填cycling。
【60 题详解】
考查副词。分析句式可知，设空处所给词是修饰动词see，修饰动词要用副词，因此，用easy 的副词形式。
故填easily。
【61 题详解】
考查介词。句意：这个问题的答案不清楚。the key/answer to ...表示“……的答案是……”，是固定搭配。
故填to。
【62 题详解】
考查时态。句意：美国的一项研究发现，在学校引入校服后，学生的成绩有所提高。本句是after 引导的
时间状语从句，前后时态保持一致，从句使用了一般过去时，主句用一般过去式。故填improved。
【63 题详解】
考查固定用法。句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth 想要做某事，这是want 的固定用
法。故填to wear。
【64 题详解】
考查名词。句意：其他的美国研究表明校服和学校表现之间没有联系。no 是形容词，形容词修饰名词，位
于名词前，名词可用复数也可用单数形式。connect 是动词，“联系”的意思，因此，要用其名词形式。
故填connection/connections。
【65 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：穿校服在英国是一个传统，但是一些学校开始允许学生上学不用穿校服。这里作表语，
常用形容词，tradition 是名词，因此，用其形容词形式。故填traditional。
〖2018 年高考真题题组〗
【2018 全国I 卷】
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-
runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and
still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.
While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at
lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study
published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and
early deaths from all 67 (cause).
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise … it’s probably running. To avoid knee
pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get
good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 69 (energy). If you are time poor, you need to
run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.
61. longer 62. to see 63. dying 64. is 65. than 66. that / which 67. causes 68. strengthen 69. energetic 70. it /
running
61. longer 根据空白处之后的than 可知，此处用long 的比较级。
62. to see
“
”
根据句意要见到效果，你不必快跑或长时间地跑, to see 作目的状语。
63. dying 介词后应用die 的动名词形式dying。
64. is 本文讲述跑步的好处，用的是现在时态，再根据空白处前面的can’t make 和says 可知，此处讲述的
是客观事实，因此用is。
65. than 这里是将跑步和其他运动方式作对比，再由上文的more effective 可知，此处用than。
66. that / which 此处用that / which 引导定语从句修饰先行词study。
67. causes
“
根据句意每天仅仅跑5-10
”
分钟就能降低所有因素导致的心脏病和早逝的风险以及all 可知，
cause 用复数形式。
68. strengthen 此处表明做运动的目的，再根据后面的宾语your leg muscles 判断此处应用及物动词
strengthen。
69. energetic 本句为主系表结构，故此处应该用形容词作表语。
70. it / running give it / sth a try
“
”
是固定短语，意为尝试某事物。
【2018 全国II 卷】
Diets have changed in China and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 61
(grow) more
corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62
past 25 years, while rice has
increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is 63
(actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens,
pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn’s rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64
(improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff. This switch has
decreased 66 (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe) fertilizer consumption.
The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005- when the government 68 (start) a soil-
testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use
dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission( 排放）of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide.
China’s approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for
agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.
61. has grown 由Since 2011“自2011
”
年以来可知此处语境表示的是从过去的某个时间开始，一直持续到现
在，故用现在完成时，且主语the country 是单数名词。
62. the 此处特指过去的25 年。
63. actually 应用副词作状语修饰介词短语behind the change。
64. to improve
“
”
“
”
根据语境改善水质是政府鼓励农民种玉米而不种水稻的目的，动词不定式作目的状语。
65. than less 是little 的比较级，than 引出比较对象。
66. pollution 此处作decrease 的宾语，应填名词pollution。
67. global 此处和total 一起修饰名词短语fertilizer consumption
“
”
意为全世界的化肥总消耗量。
68. started 根据上下文可知作者在说2005 年发生的事情，应用动词的一般过去式。
69. that / which
“…
根据语境
gives s specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers”
“
修饰
a soil-testing
program”，先行词表示物，关系代词作定语从句的主语，用that 或者which。
70. feeding when / while + 现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于when / while 引导的时间状语从句。
【2018 全国III 卷】
I’m not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla ( 大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of
nowhere. I’m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with
the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound
male appears. He screams the 63 (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges
toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel
65 (challenge).
My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a 66 (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was
searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my
colleagues and I were worried.
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68 (they) alive. True to a gorilla’s
unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean) me no real harm. He was just saying: “I’m king of this forest,
and here is your reminder!” Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay) and watch.
【答案】61. who 62. the 63. loudest 64. looking 65. challenged 66. scientist 67. for 68. them 69. meant
70. to stay
【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在中非偶遇大猩猩，彼此惊恐的经历。
【61 题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定谁更害怕，我，还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。此处为宾语从句，空格处表
“
”
示谁，故用who。
【62 题详解】
考查冠词。此处为固定短语at the top of，此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。
【63 题详解】
考查最高级。根据后面的of all 可知，他声音最大，所以用最高级loudest。
【64 题详解】
考查动词。动词avoid 后要加doing。此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用looking。
【65 题详解】
考查非谓语。根据语境可知，此处表示不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战性。feel
“
为系动词，表示被
”
挑战，用过去分词challenged。
【66 题详解】
考查名词。根据语境可知，我是一名科学家。scientist 科学家。
【67 题详解】
考查动词短语搭配。search for
“
”
“
”
“
”
是固定搭配，表示寻找，表示我在寻找我研究的三只西部低地大猩
猩。
【68 题详解】
考查代词。此处做find 的宾语，所以用宾格them。
【69 题详解】
考查谓语动词。分析本句的句子成分可知，本句缺少谓语，再根据总体时态可知要用一般过去时，所以用
meant。
【70 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。固定短语allow sb to do 允许某人做某事，应该用to stay。
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