清单 02 语法填空之提示词为动词(二)
(非谓语动词)
目 录 导 航
01 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系
02
考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点
考点一 不定式
知识点1 不定式的形式
知识点2 不定式的用法
考点二 动名词
知识点1 动名词的形式
知识点2 动名词的用法
考点三 分词
知识点1 分词的形式
知识点2 分词的用法
03
优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用知识脑图·核心脉络搭建
考点深研●知能分层突破
考点1 不定式
知识点1 不定式的形式
语态形式 主动 被动时态形式
一般式 to do to be done
完成式 to have done to have been done
知识点2 不定式用法
语 法 用法 例句
功能
主语 可以直接放在句首，谓语动词常常用单数。更多放 It is important for us to meet personally
在谓语之后，用it作形式主语，常用于“It is/was although we have been in touch in various
＋adj.(＋for/of sb.)＋to do sth.”结构中。 ways.
表语 主语往往是dream，goal，aim，purpose，plan 等 My dream is to become a doctor after my
表示意向、打算、计划的词。 graduation from university.
宾语 1.可在 intend，plan，expect，pretend，would 1.My English teacher promised to lend some
like/love/prefer ， wish ， decide ， agree ， help ， books to me.
manage ， persuade ， refuse ， seem/appear ，
promise，attempt，choose，ask，learn，tell，fail，
afford等后作宾语。
2.He feels/thinks it important to learn
2. 在某些动词如 find，think，consider，feel，
English well ， but finds it difficult to
make，believe等后，常用it作形式宾语，而把真
remember the words.
正的宾语不定式后置。
3.Please tell me when to start the project.
3. 动词tell，show，understand，know，explain，
teach，learn，advise等常接“疑问词＋动词不定
式”作宾语。
宾 语 1.有些动词或动词短语后接动词不定式作宾补，即 1.I am writing to invite you to come to my
补 足 “动词/动词短语＋宾语＋to do”。常见的这类动词 birthday party.我写信邀请您来参加我的生日
语 或动词短语有：advise，allow，ask，beg，cause， 晚会。
encourage，permit，forbid， force，intend，
2.I often hear the girl sing the song which is
invite，order，persuade，prefer，require，
popular recently.＝The girl is often heard to
teach，remind，tell，want，warn，wish， wait
sing the song which is popular recently.
for，call on， depend on，urge
我经常听到这个小女孩唱这首最近很流行的
2. 下列动词(短语)接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补
歌。
足语：“一感”(feel)，“二听”(hear，listen
With a lot of homework to do，I can’t go
to)，“三使”(let，have，make)，“五看”(see，
skating with you.
notice ， observe ， watch ， look at) ， “ 半 帮
因为有很多作业要做，我不能和你一起去滑
助”(help)，但在变为被动语态时需加to。
冰。
3.一些固定结构
get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事
leave sb. to do sth. 让某人去做某事
leave sth. to be done 留下某事被做with＋名词/代词＋不定式，不定式表示动作尚未发生
状语 1.作目的状语时，常位于句首或句中，形式上可用 1.I got up early so as to/in order to/to catch
in order to do，so as to do，to do等，但so as to do the early bus in the morning.
不能置于句首。 2. Every time I prepare for an important
2. 作结果状语时，常用于too...to do，enough to， examination，I will be too anxious to fall
so/such...as to结构中。only/just to do常表示出乎意 asleep.
料的结果。 3. I am extremely glad to know that you are
3. 在be happy/glad/sorry/sad/surprised to do sth.结构 coming to China for a visit during the summer
中作原因状语。 holiday.
定语 1.当名词或代词被序数词、形容词最高级、the 1.John is always the first one to come up
last、 the only等修饰,且非谓语动词与其逻辑主语 with a good idea.
为主谓关系时,常用动词不定式作定语。
2.修饰某些名词，如 chance，opportunity，way， 2. I feel greatly honored to have the chance to
deliver a speech here.
ability，plan 等。
3. Students complain that they have endless
3.用在固定句型 sb.have sth.to do 和 there be sth.to
homework to do every day.
do中。
1.在“It is/was＋adj.＋for/of sb to do sth”结构中，若形容词侧重于评价人物的特性、特征，则构成不定式复合结构
的介词应用of，此时形容词常为kind，nice，foolish等词，且sb与形容词之间可构成逻辑上的系表关系；若形容词
侧重于描写不定式动作的特征、特点，则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用for。
2.下列动词(短语)接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语：“一感”(feel)，“二听”(hear，listen to)，“三
使”(let，have，make)，“五看”(see，notice，observe，watch，look at)，“半帮助”(help)，但在变为被动
语态时需加to。
2. 名词/代词＋不定式。不定式表示将来的动作，有语态的变化。如：The two boys said goodbye to each other，one
to go home，the other to go to his friend’s.两个男孩彼此道了别，一个回家，另一个去朋友家。
3. 不定式短语作状语，尽管它们的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致，但也不作为语法错误来处理。常见的这类不定
式短语有to be frank，to be sure，to tell (you) the truth，to be honest，to make matters worse等。
考点2 动名词
知识点1 动名词的形式
语态形式
主动 被动
时态形式
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
知识点2 动名词用法
语法功能 用法 例句
主语 表示一般的、抽象的、泛指的概念，一般都放在 It is no use complaining without taking
谓语动词前，有时用it作形式主语。常见句型有：It is/was no use/good+ doing sth.; It is/was not any action.
use/good+ doing sth.; It is/was of little use/good+ 不采取行动而只是抱怨是没有用的。
doing sth.; It is/was useless doing sth.; It’s a waste of It is no good coming before that.
time doing sth.; 在那之前来没有用。
宾语 只能跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词和短语: suggest, He tried to avoid answering my questions.
他试图对我的问题避而不答。
imagine, mind, admit, practice, risk, keep, keep on,
avoid, escape, enjoy, consider, excuse, finish, miss,
insist on, look forward to, feel like, get down to,
object to等。
表语 动名词作表语多指抽象的、概念性的动作，句子主语 Our job is playing all kinds of music.
常是表示无生命的名词或what引导的名词性从句。 我们的工作是演奏各种各样的音乐。
定语 常用来说明被修饰词的用途或目的。 a walking stick拐杖a reading room阅览
室
2．在need，want，require等后表示被动意义，不定式要用被动语态，动名词不需要。
My bike needs to be repaired.＝My bike needs repairing.
我的自行车需要修理。
考点3 分词
知识点1 形式
形式 语态形式
主动 被动
时态形式
现在分词 一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
过去分词 一般式 done done
知识点2 用法
定语 当动词与被修饰的名词之间为主谓关系或用来表示被修 The park was full of people enjoying
饰的名词的用途时, 用动词-ing形式。当被修饰的名 themselves in the sunshine.(主动)
词与修饰词之间为被动关系且表示正在进行时, 用动 We must keep a secret of the things being
词-ing形式的被动语态作定语, 表示该动作的被动和 discussed here.(被动、正在进行)
进行。当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表完成
或状态时，用过去分词。
状语 现在分词表示的动作与句子主语之间是主动关系，且含 1.Translated into English ， the
有进行的意义；过去分词表示的动作与句子主语之间是 sentence was found to have an
被动关系，且含有完成的意义。 entirely different word order.＝When
(1)作时间状语相当于when，while，before，since，as the sentence was translated into
English ， it was found to have an引导的时间状语从句。 entirely different word order.（时间
(2)作原因状语相当于because，since，as引导的原因状 状语从句）
语从句。 2. Given another hour，I can also work
(3)作条件状语相当于if，unless等引导的条件状语从 out this problem.＝If I’m given another
句。 hour，I can also work out the problem.（条
(4)作结果状语常用现在分词表示自然而然的结果，分 件状语从句）
词前可接thus。 Warned of the danger ， he still went
(5)作方式或伴随状语表示一个同时发生的次要的(或者 skating on the thin ice.＝Though he was
伴随的)动作，常用逗号与句子主体部分隔开，相当于 warned of the danger，he still went skating
并列句。 on the thin ice.（让步状语从句）
(6)作让步状语相当于though，although，even if等
引导的让步状语从句。
宾语补足 现在分词作宾语补足语时，宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻 He had the light burning all night，which
语 辑上是主谓关系，结构为vt.＋sb./sth.＋doing...。过去分 made his parents very angry.
词作宾语补足语时，宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻辑上是 他让灯着了整晚，这使他父母很生气。
动宾关系，构成vt.＋sb./sth.＋done结构。可以用于此 He tried to make himself understood.
结构的动词(短语)有：“一感一抓一发现，二听四让和 他尽量把自己的意思表达清楚。
五 看 ” (feel ， catch ， find ， listen He lay on the grass with his eyes looking at
to/hear ， have/keep/get/leave ， see/watch/look the sky.
at/observe/notice) 他躺在草地上，眼睛望着天空。
2.一些固定结构 Weather permitting( ＝ If weather
“with＋宾语＋doing/ done” permits)，they will go on an outing to the
beach tomorrow.
独立主格结构
如果天气允许的话，他们明天将去海滩郊
游。
表语 如果是和情绪相关的动词-ing形式则形容词意义较强， My hobby is reading books.我的兴趣爱好
表示“令人……的”，往往物作主语。如：amazing， 是读书。
boring，confusing，disappointing，exciting，frightening What made me happy was being admitted
等等。如果是和情绪相关的动词的过去分词形式，则形 to Peking University.让我高兴的是(我)被
容词意义较强，表示“感到……的”，往往人作主语。 北京大学录取了。
如：amazed，bored，confused，disappointed，excited， The news is surprising.这则消息令人
frightened 等等。 吃惊。1.作定语的不及物动词的分词形式有：现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表示动作正在进行；过去分词只表示一个动
作已完成，不表被动。
falling leaves正在下落的叶子(表正在进行)
fallen leaves落叶(表完成)
2. 某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，且往往用于一些系表结构，此时这些过去分词既不表示被动，也不表示完成，
而表示一种状态，如：lost(迷路的)、seated(坐着的)、hidden(隐瞒的)、lost/absorbed(沉迷于……的)、dressed(穿着……
的)、tired(对……感到厌倦的)、excited(兴奋的)等。
3．独立成分作状语
有些分词或不定式短语作状语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常见的有：
独立成分 含义
generally speaking 一般来说
frankly/honestly speaking 坦白地/老实说
judging from/by... 根据……来判断
considering.../taking...into consideration/account 考虑到……
to tell you the truth 说实话
seeing... 考虑到……
given... 考虑到……
compared to/with... 与……相比
优题精练●专题实战通关
一．单句语法填空
1.(2026天津高考第二次改编)Engineers in the UK are going to build a new satellite ________（design） to
track solar storms.
2.(2025新高考I 卷)We hope ________(present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and
initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.
3.(2025 浙江 1 月卷)Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women ________(rent) rather than purchase them
outright, providing a less expensive solutions to one-time event dressing.
4.(2025浙江1月卷)I really want to make this work for people’s lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean
________(return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend
5.(2025天津高考第二次改编)With robots ________(perform) various industrial tasks, factories have
increased production efficiency.
6.(2025天津高考第一次改编)The school has decided to build an AI lab and the teachers would like to see the
construction project ________ （carry）out in the next school year.
7.(2025北京高考)I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone ________(scare).8.(2025北京高考)When ________(travel), we engage with cultures and experiences.
9. (2024·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)These sepals open on warm days to give the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.In cold
weather, the structure stays ________(close) to protect the plants.
10.(2026届山东济南市高三4月阶段性检测)________(take) a spring outing during Qingming is a time-honored
custom.
11.(2026届山东济南市高三4月阶段性检测)In the past, the people of China believed that after sheltering
indoors during winter, both body and heart need ________(refresh) by the embrace of spring, and a walk close to
nature would be beneficial for their health.
12.(2026届安徽芜湖市无为中学等校下学期高三3月考试)What impresses the scholars most is Zou’s four-piece
set, with one ________(collect) by the British Museum.
13.(2026届福建恒一教育集团高三毕业班四月质量检测)The festival is not merely an endpoint but rather a
starting point for sustained development, the target of which is ________(continue) building and strengthening
the cultural brand,
14.(2026届湖南长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学月考)________(launch) in 2020 as a follow-up to 2000-
2003 survey, this survey covered over 12 sq km.
15.(2026届河南鹤壁市高中英语学科月考)________(trap) in the freezing water, Kiana knew the only effective
plan was to get to shore herself and find help.
16.(2026届湖南长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学月考)The rhythmic calls of free-range chickens provided
background music for our shoot, ________(occasion) interrupted by the distant laughter of villagers
________(pass) along the paths.
17.(2026届湖南长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学月考)Research indicates that government initiatives
________(reshape) early education and urban design must be consistently applied over the next 25 years. Once
________(establish), this connection can become self-sustaining.
18.(2026届湖南长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学月考)Richardson said that when he tested policy and
urban environmental changes in the model, he was surprised at the scale of the changes ________(require) to
restore the connection to nature.
19.(2026届河南鹤壁市高中上学期规范化考试)The research group produced two reports ________(base) on
the survey.
20.(2026届湖南长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学月考)Courses vary in difficulty and ground conditions,
________(allow) runners to choose between flatter routes and ________(demanding) ones. With multiple
distance options available, participants can choose ________(base) on their experience levels and personal goals.
二．语篇语法填空
Passage 1
(2026届河北邯郸市高三第二次模拟检测）I arrived in China from Australia as a student with a love for
travel, culture and adventure. My adventure ____1____ (begin) in the winter of 2014 at Peking University for my
one-year Chinese language learning program. I had never imagined it would turn into a period when I wouldcomplete a master’s degree, begin my ____2____ (profession) life, get married and have two kids.
In the busy city of Beijing, each day brought something new. I quickly became ____3___ (attract) to the hard-
working nature of the local students and I soon befriended my classmates from different countries. Things were
always happening, new shops were opening and people were ____4____ the go everywhere. High-speed
railways and tall buildings sat alongside traditional ones. In short, the place was exciting.
Beyond the ____5____ (excite) of it all, I was bathed in another culture completely different from my own.
When first dating my now-husband, we arranged ____6___ (play) soccer. I arrived and asked, “Where’s the
ball?” He explained we would just join ____7____ (stranger) already playing. This was foreign to me, as we
wouldn’t do that in Australia. Yet, despite being an introvert (内向的), ____8____ idea was appealing to me and
many of my most cherished China memories are related to the collective and community atmosphere there.
Other fond memories involve Chinese traditions, like having a yuesao for my post-birth “sitting the month”.
This care for mom and baby, with rest and specific foods, contrasts with the experience in the West, ____9____
new moms often feel pressure to bounce back quickly and handle most things themselves.
From my husband’s family to strangers on the streets, Chinese people are very friendly, ____10____ (inspire)
me with their spirit and pride in what they do every day.
Passage 2
(2026届河南开封市高三年级第二次质量检测）Horses have been an absolutely necessary part of Chinese
civilization for thousands of years. The domestication of horses in China ____1____ (date) back over 5,000 years,
enabling it one of the earliest cultures to cultivate and utilize these majestic animals. Initially, horses served
practical purposes, such as transportation and agricultural work, but their significance quickly evolved to
encompass military, cultural, and symbolic dimensions.
During the Zhou Dynasty (1046 — 256 BC), the Chinese classified horses ____2____ several categories,
including military, ceremonial, and post horses. This period marked the establishment of a formal horse
administration ____3____ ensured the effective management of horse populations for various needs, particularly
in warfare. The importance of horses continued to grow through the Han Dynasty (206 BC — AD 220), where an
estimated 300,000 horses ____4____ (use) in military campaigns.
In Chinese culture, the horse is a powerful symbol of energy, speed, and success. The character for horse
resembles a standing horse, ____5____ (reflect) its significance in daily life and communication. Horses are
associated with various virtues, including perseverance, loyalty, and nobility. ____6____ (link) to the element of
fire in Chinese astrology, they become ____7____ iconic symbol of Chinese values and aspirations.
The colors of horses also carry specific meanings. For instance, a black horse signifies power and mystery,
___8___ a white horse represents purity and auspiciousness. This nuanced understanding of horse symbolism
illustrates the rich tapestry of ____9____ (belief) that surround these animals in Chinese culture.
The horse’s role in Chinese culture is a profound blend of history, symbolism, and artistic representation,
_____10_____ (noble) reflected in countless works of art and literature throughout the ages.
Passage 3(2026年广东普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟测试）Located in the historic Dashilan area of Beijing’s
Qianmen district, the Daguanlou Cinema is one of the earliest cinemas in China and is celebrated ____ 1 ____ the
birthplace of Chinese film, representing the lasting legacy (遗产) of cinematic art and modern ____ 2 ____
(innovate).
In 1905, Ren Qingtai, owner of Fengtai Photo Studio, invited Peking Opera master Tan Xinpei to star in an
opera movie ____3____ (name) Dingjun Mountain. Classic scenes like “Requesting Orders,” “Swordplay,” and
“Battle” ____ 4 ____ (film) as silent movie parts. These were first shown at the then-called Daguanlou Theater on
December 28, 1905, ____ 5 ___ (mark) the beginning of Chinese cinema’s journey.
Today, the Daguanlou Theater has evolved (演变) into the Daguanlou Cinema, ____ 6 ___ ground floor hosts a
living museum, displaying stills from Dingjun Mountain, classic posters, and historical film projectors. Walking
through, visitors can ____ 7 ____ (direct) experience the century-old story of Chinese cinema.
In recent years, beyond developing film-related products, it ____ 8 ____ (establish) strong ties with the
Dashilan area, emerging as a dynamic model for cultural tourism that attracts many domestic and overseas
tourists with its ____ 9 ____ (character) mix of movie screenings, shopping, and tea appreciation.
The cinema’s fusion (融合) of the old and the new offers ____ 10 ____ unique experience, attracting young
audiences seeking a connection with the past while enjoying modern comfort.
Passage 4
(2025-2026学年湖南湘潭市第一中学高三下学期3月训练）Ten caves have been restored as part of the
restoration work of the Aerzhai Grottoes (石窟). ____1____ (release) on Oct. 8, information showed the fixed
area ____2____ (reported) covers 250.63 square meters.
Aerzhai Grottoes is located in Otog Banner of Ordos city, in North China’s Inner Mongolia ____3____
(autonomy) region. It is the only grottoes site in China’s grassland area and a treasure trove of Buddhist art
____4____ (integrate) architecture, cliff carvings, murals (壁画) and sculptures. Having a reputation as the
“Grassland Dunhuang”, Aerzhai Grottoes ____5____ (compose) of 65 caves and 22 relief stone towers, of
____6____ 41 caves are well preserved. The painted murals in the caves show scenes of yurts, riding and shooting,
hunting and funeral customs.
“This restoration project is mainly for mural repairs for such problems as surface ____7____ (pollute) and
paints cracking and curling,” said the director of Aerzhai Grottoes Research Institute. ____8___ (preserve) the
original materials of the Aerzhai Grottoes, experts also used digital photography and other methods to collect and
store electronic data on the site.
Due to the area’s harsh natural conditions, the murals are ____9___ danger of disappearing; the restoration
work’s goal is to delay this ____10____ hopefully achieve long-term preservation, and remarkable progress has
been seen.
Passage 5
Located on a cliff face in Shanxi Province, the Hanging Temple is one of China's most amazing ____1____
(architecture) wonders. For over 1,500 years, this wooden structure stood firmly on the rock wall, more than 50meters above the ground.
The temple was built during the Northern Wei Dynasty by a monk ____ 2 ____ (name) Liao Ran. He chose this
difficult location to escape the noise of the world ____ 3 ____ find peace. What makes the temple truly special is
___ 4 ___ it stays up — wooden beams put into holes in the cliff serve as its base, making the whole building look
like floating in the air.
The Hanging Temple is also famous for its religious mix. ____5____ most ancient Chinese sites that follow
one tradition, this temple brings together Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism. Walking through its narrow halls,
people can see statues of Sakyamuni, Laozi, and Confucius standing side by side — ____6___ rare symbol of
religious harmony in old China.
The temple once had over 40 halls, but today only about a third remain. Despite its fragile appearance, the
building ____7____ (survive) many earthquakes over the centuries.
In recent years, the Hanging Temple has become a popular tourist site, ____8____ (draw) people from
around the world. And ____9____ (protect) this treasure, officials now limit the number of daily ____10____
(visit). Those who make the trip are rewarded with amazing views and a deep respect for the skill of ancient
Chinese builders.
