ARTICLE · 1221448
初中英语被动语态精讲精练
初中英语被动语态精讲精练一、核心知识点 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者，含义“被……” 基本结构：be + 过去分词(done) be动词随时态、人称、单复数变化；过去分词固定不变。 如：The classroom is cleaned by us. 教室被我们打扫。 He was beaten by his father.他被他爸爸打了。 The old man is being looked after by him. 这个老人正在被他照顾。 The project can be finished in two weeks.这个项目能够在两周之内完成。 1. 四大常考时态被动结构 ① 一般现在时：am / is / are + done 主动：People grow rice here. 被动：Rice is grown here. 水稻在这里被种植。 ② 一般过去时：was / were + done 主动：He broke the cup. 被动：The cup was broken by him. 杯子被他打碎了。 ③ 一般将来时：will be + done / be going to be + done 主动：We will hold a meeting tomorrow. 被动：A meeting will be held tomorrow.. 一场会议将要被举办。 ④ 含情态动词：can/may/must/should + be + done 主动：We must follow the rules. 被动：The rules must be followed. 规则必须被遵守。 2. 主动变被动四步骤 ① 主动句宾语 → 被动句主语 ② 谓语改为 be + done（时态和原句保持一致） ③ 主动主语放by之后（不强调执行者可省略by短语） ④ 剩余成分原样抄写 例句： 主动：She waters the flowers. 被动：The flowers are watered by her. 3. 高频考点 1. happen、take place、appear 、belong，have等不及物动词无被动语态 ✅ Great changes took place. ❌ Great changes were taken place. 2. see / hear / make 等：主动句不带to，被动句必须加to 主动：We saw him go out. 被动：He was seen to go out. 3. give / send / tell / show 等可以带双宾语的动词，改主动为被动时有两种形式。 主动：He gave me a book. 被动1：I was given a book (by him). 被动2：A book was given to me (by him). 4. 短语动词变被动，末尾介词不能丢 主动：We look after the old man. 被动：The old man is looked after. 被动语态练习题 一、单项选择（ 1. A lot of flowers ____ in our school every spring. A. plant B. are planted C. planted D. were planted 2. This letter ____ by my father yesterday. A. writes B. is written C. was written D. wrote 3. All the rules ____ by everyone. A. must follow B. must be followed C. should follow D. are following 4. A new library ____ in our town next year. A. will build B. is built C. will be built D. builds 5. We saw him enter the office. He ____ the office. A. saw enter B. was seen to enter C. was seen enter D. is seen enter 6. The story ____ to children every night. A. tells B. is told C. told D. was told 7. The bridge ____ last month. A. completed B. was completed C. is completed D. will complete 8. You ____ if you break the rules. A. punish B. will be punished C. punished D. are punishing 9. Great changes ____ in our city. A. have been taken place B. took place C. are taken place D. were taken place 10. The little girl ____ a new toy on her birthday. A. was given B. gave C. gives D. will give 11. The old people ____ well in this nursing home. A. look after B. are looked after C. are looked D. looked after 12. This kind of bike ____ in that factory. A. makes B. is made C. made D. was making 13. The problem ____ at the meeting tomorrow. A. will discuss B. will be discussed C. discusses D. is discussed 14. The window ____ by Tom just now. A. broke B. was broken C. breaks D. is broken 15. These books ____ to the kids in poor areas soon. A. send B. will be sent C. are sent D. were sent 16. Paper ____ from wood. A. makes B. is made C. made D. was making 17. The music ____ by many young people. A. loves B. is loved C. loved D. was loving 18. His homework ____ before he goes out. A. must finish B. must be finished C. finishes D. finished 19. I ____ a gift by my uncle last week. A. gave B. was given C. am given D. give 20. The meeting ____ at 8 o’clock yesterday morning. A. held B. was held C. is held D. will hold 21. Can this work ____ in two days? A. finish B. be finished C. finishes D. finished 22. Rice ____ in the south of China. A. grows B. is grown C. grew D. was grown 23. The letter ____ to her tomorrow. A. will send B. will be sent C. sends D. sent 24. The dirty clothes ____ by my mother yesterday. A. washed B. were washed C. are washed D. wash 25. He ____ to the party last night. A. invited B. was invited C. invites D. is invited 26. More trees ____ to protect the environment. A. should plant B. should be planted C. plant D. are planting 27. The radio ____ in 1920s. A. invented B. was invented C. is invented D. invents 28. Your mistakes ____ by your teacher now. A. are checking B. are being checked C. checked D. were checked 29. The box ____ under the bed just now. A. put B. was put C. puts D. is put 30. The sports meeting ____ if it rains tomorrow. A. will put off B. will be put off C. puts off D. is put off 二、把下面的主动语态改为被动语态 1. We clean our classroom every day. _______________________________________________ 2. He swept the floor yesterday. _______________________________________________ 3. People speak English in many countries. _______________________________________________ 4. They built this house in 2010. _______________________________________________ 5. We must follow the school rules. ______________________________________________ 6. They will hold a party this weekend. ______________________________________________ 7. The teacher gives us much homework. _______________________________________________ 8. We saw him cross the street. _______________________________________________ 9. Someone took away my notebook. _______________________________________________ 10. Farmers grow wheat in the north. _______________________________________________ 11. They plant many trees every year. _______________________________________________ 12. She finished the report last night. _______________________________________________ 13. You can keep these books for two weeks. _______________________________________________ 14. We should save water. _______________________________________________ 15. They will repair the bridge soon. _______________________________________________ 16. People invented paper in China. _______________________________________________ 17. The nurse looks after the patients carefully. _______________________________________________ 18. He told me a funny story. _______________________________________________ 19. They choose Tom as the monitor. _______________________________________________ 20. We heard her sing in the room. _______________________________________________ 三、用所给动词适当形式填空 1. A lot of toys ________ (make) in this factory every year. 2. The letter ________ (send) yesterday afternoon. 3. The rules ________ (must, obey) by all students. 4. A new park ________ (build) next year. 5. The old house ________ (pull) down last week. 6. Rice ________ (grow) in the south. 7. This photo ________ (take) by my father last summer. 8. These flowers ________ (water) every day. 9. Your homework ________ (should, hand) in on time. 10. The meeting ________ (hold) tomorrow. 11. The accident ________ (happen) at 5 p.m. yesterday. 12. The children ________ (look after) by their grandma. 13. This kind of fruit ________ (sell) well. 14. Many stamps ________ (collect) by him. 15. The broken bike ________ (repair) yesterday. 16. The problem ________ (can, solve) easily. 17. More books ________ (donate) to the village school next month. 18. The song ________ (love) by lots of teenagers. 19. All the lights ________ (turn) off before you leave. 20. He ________ (see) to enter the library just now. 参考答案 一、单选答案 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.A 11.B 12.B 13.B 14.B 15.B 16.B 17.B 18.B 19.B 20.B 21.B 22.B 23.B 24.B 25.B 26.B 27.B 28.B 29.B 30.B 二、把下列句子主动句改为被动句。 1. Our classroom is cleaned by us every day. 2. The floor was swept by him yesterday. 3. English is spoken by people in many countries. 4. This house was built by them in 2010. 5. The school rules must be followed (by us). 6. A party will be held by them this weekend. 7. We are given much homework by the teacher. / Much homework is given to us by the teacher. 8. He was seen to cross the street (by us). 9. My notebook was taken away (by someone). 10. Wheat is grown by farmers in the north. 11. Many trees are planted by them every year. 12. The report was finished by her last night. 13. These books can be kept by you for two weeks. 14. Water should be saved (by us). 15. The bridge will be repaired by them soon. 16. Paper was invented by people in China. 17. The patients are looked after carefully by the nurse. 18. I was told a funny story by him. / A funny story was told to me by him. 19. Tom is chosen as the monitor by them. 20. She was heard to sing in the room (by us). 三、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. are made 2. was sent 3. must be obeyed 4. will be built 5. was pulled 6. is grown 7. was taken 8. are watered 9. should be handed 10. will be held 11. happened 12. are looked after 13. sells 14. are collected 15. was repaired 16. can be solved 17. will be donated 18. is loved 19. should be turned / must be turned 20. was seen
