文档内容
■
虹2019年考研英语（二）真题逐词逐句精讲
Section I Use of English
第一段]
❶ Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations.定期称体重是一
种随时留意任何明显的体重波动的绝妙方式。 .
句子主干 Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way （主+系+表）
动词不定式短语作后置定语，[修饰a wonderful way
—级修饰 to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations.
i词汇注释；weigh * [wei] vt.称重量，量体重 regularly [Yegjshli] ad.定期地；经常地；有规律地
s*ignificant [sig^fikant] a.显著的；重要的 fluctuation [.flAktfu'eiJh] n.波动；起伏不定
❷ However, when done too often, this habit can sometimes hurt more than it helps.然而，如果称得太过频繁，这种习惯
有时候会弊大于利。
_级修饰 when （it is） done too often,
[when引导的条件状语从句，作句子主干的条件状语
句子主干 However,...this habit can sometimes hurt more （主+谓）
than引导的比较状语从句J作句子主干的比较状语
一级修饰 than it helps.
第二段[
O As for me, weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to
focusing solely on the scale.对我而言，每天称体重使我将注意力从保持整体健康和精力充沛转移到只关注体重
秤的数字上。
—级修饰 As for me,
__________ [插入语
句子主干 weighing my self...caused me to shift my focus （主+谓+宾+宾补）
|名词短语作时间状语 ■
every day
_级修饰 介词短语作状语
f*oim being generally healthy and physically active to focusing solely on the scale.
:词汇注释:solely [^sulli] ad.只；单独地 scale * [skeil] n.秤；磅秤；天平
❷That was bad to my overall fitness goals.这并不利于我达成总体健身目标。
句子主干 That was bad （主+系+表）
[介词短语作状语，有寸象
一级修饰 to my overall fitness goals.
词汇注释i overall * [.suvsr'o:!] a.总体的；全面的 goal * [gsul] 目标；目的；球门
141© I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass, but thinking only of lowering the number on the scale, I altered my
training program. 经我的体重以肌肉量增加的形式增加了，但由于一心想着降低体重秤上的数字，我改变了
自己的训练计划。
—级修饰 in the form of muscle mass,
［介词短语作(1)句的方式状语
(1) 1 had gained竺虫些(主+谓+宾)
句子主干 | but连接的并列句，表转折
(2) but...I altered my training program.(主+谓+宾)
］现在分词短语作(2)句的原因状语
—级修饰 thinking only of lowering the number on the scale,
［i司无主释］mass虫回瘀］".大量；质量；块 lower ★［，。。。任)］乂降低；减少。•下方的；底端的
alter ★ ［'o：lts(r)］ v.改变，更改，改动 program ［'prsugraem］ n.计划；程序 v.编写程序
❹That conflicted with how I needed to train to reach my goals.这与我为了达到目标而设立的训练计划产生了冲突。
句子主干 That conflicted (主+谓)
］介词短语作句子主干的状语
一级修饰 with how I needed to train to reach my goals.
［要京j* 释］介词短语with how...goals中，how引导的宾语从句，作介词with的宾语。宾语从句的主语是I,
谓语是needed,宾语是to train,动词不定式短语to reach my goals作宾语从句的目的状语。
第三段
O I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate depiction of the hard work and progress I was
making in the gym.我还发现每天称体重并不能准确地描述我在健身房所付出的努力和取得的进步。
I also found （主+谓+宾从）
句子主干 [that引导的宾语从句，作found的宾语
that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate depiction
介词短语作后置定语J修饰an accurate depiction
—级修饰 of the hard work and progress
省略关系词（which/that ）的定语从句,|修饰the hard work and progress
二级修饰 I was making in the gym.
；KiW "; accurate^ faekjarst] a 准确的；精确的 depiction [dfpikfh] 描述；描画；描写
❷ It takes about three weeks to a month to notice any significant changes in your weight due to altering your training
program.由于改变训练计划而引起的显著的体重变化需要大约三周到一个月的时间才能被注意到。
一级修饰 in your weight
|介词短语作后置定语，修饰any significant changes
to notice any significant changes
[it为形式主语，动词不定式短语作真正的主语
句子主干
It takes about three weeks to a month （主+谓+宾）
[介词短语作句子主干的原因状语
一级修饰 due to altering your training program.
亟匚注星
notice女［'nsutis］ v.注意到；察觉 due to由于，因为
❸ The most immediate changes will be observed in skill level, strength and inches lost.所能观察到的最直接的变化将
体现在技能水平、力量和减少的体围上。
142句子主干 The most immediate changes will be observed （主+谓）
介词短语作状语J表方面
—级修饰 in skill level, strength and inches lost.
词汇注释:immediate * [1'miidiot] a.直接的；立即的；目前的observe ★ [ob，z3：v] w.观察到；注意到；遵守
第四段〕
❶ For these reasons, I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule instead.基于这
些原因，我不再每天称体重，而是改为每月称体重两次。
_级修饰 For these reasons,
[介词短语作句子主干的原因状语
I stopped weighing myself every day （主+谓+宾）
句子主干 | and连接的并列谓语
and switched...instead.
|介词短语作状语
—级修饰 to a bimonthly weighing schedule
:词汇注释:bimonthly [.bai'mAnOli] a J ad. 一月两次的（地） schedule * [3edju:l] n.计划的时间；日程安排
@ Since weight loss is not my goal, it is less important for me to track my weight each week.因为减重不是我的目标，所
以每周追踪体重对我来说没那么重要。
_级修饰 Since weight loss is not my goal,
| Since引导的原因状语从句，作句子主干的原因状语
it is less important （主+系+表）
句子主干 [it为形式主语，动词不定式短语作真正的主语
for me to track my weight each week.
''、、、要点注释；for me to...week为动词不定式的复合结构，介词for引出动词不定式短语的逻辑主语me。
❸ Weighing every other week allows me to observe and account for any significant weight changes.每隔一周称体重一次
使我能够观察并解释体重的任何明显变化。
Weighing.. .allows me （主+谓+宾+宾补）
句子主干 |动词不定式短语作me的补足语
to observe and account for any significant weight changes.
名词短语作时间状语
_级修饰 every other week
[诃汇注雇]account for解释；说明；导致；是……的原因；（数量或比例上）占
❹That tells me whether I need to adjust my training program.这可以提ZK我是否需要调整自己的训练计划。
That tells me （主+谓+间宾+直宾）
句子主干 | whether引导的宾语从句，作tells的直接宾语
whether I need to adjust my training program.
j a*djust [s^Ast] w.调整；调节 v.适应；习惯 training * ['treimrj] n.训练；锻炼；培训
第五段〕
O I use my bimonthly weigh-in results to get information about my nutrition as well.我也利用每月两次的称重结果来
了解自己的营养状况。
143句子主干 I use rpy 坝巴gn业约竺ig虹邑哗业s （主+谓+宾）
[动词不定式短语作句子主干的目的状语
—级修饰 to get information about my nutrition as well.
i词汇注释i information * [jnfs^eVh] n.信息；消息；情报 nutrition * [nju'tnfh] n.营养；滋养
❷ If my training intensity remains the same, but I'm constantly hungry and dropping weight, this is a sign that I need to
increase my daily caloric intake.如果训练强度保持不变，但是却经常感到饥饿并且体重下降，这就表明我需要
增加每天的热量摄入。
but I'm constantly hungry and dropping weight,
—级修饰 but连接的并列句，表转折
If my training intensity remains the same,
[if引导的条件状语从句，作句子主干的条件状语
句子主干 this is a sign （主+系+表）
| that引导的同位语从句，解释说明asign
—级修饰 that I need to increase my daily caloric intake.
intensity * [m^enssti] n.强度；紧张；剧烈 remain * [n'mem] link. v.保持不变；仍然是
caloric [ks'lnnk] a.热量的 intake ['mteik] n.摄取量；吸入量
❶ The decision to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fltness and well-being.不再每
天称体重的决定给我的整体健康、强健状况和幸福感带来了神奇的影响。
一级修饰 to stop weighing myself every day
[动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰The decision
句子主干 The decision...has done Ygndg乎（主+谓+宾）
|介词短语作状语，表对象
—级修饰 for my overall health, fitness and well-being.
i词汇注释： fitness [’fitnos] 〃.健康；健壮；适合 well-being fwel bi:ig] n.幸福；健康
❷ I'm experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a disappointing morning weigh-
in. 我对锻炼的热情越来越高，因为我不再背负令人失望的早晨称体重的负担了。
句子主干 ]'m experiencing increased zeal （主+谓+宾）
介词短语作后置定语,[修饰increased zeal
for working out
一级修饰 since引导的原因状语从句，作句子主干的原因状语
since I no longer carry the burden
介词短语作后置定语，[修饰the burden
二级修饰 of a disappointing morning weigh-in.
zeal5^ [zi:l] n.热情；激情 work out锻炼身体；做运动
burden [*b3 ：dn] n.负担；重负vt.使烦恼 weigh-in （正式的）称体重
❸ Fve also experienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals, because I'm training according to those
goals, not the numbers on a scale.在实现具体的健身目标方面，我也取得了更大的成功，因为我是根据这些目标,
而不是体重秤上的数字来训练的。
144句子主干 I've also experienced 驱理三竺竺竺 （主+谓+宾）
" [介词短语作状语，表方面
in achieving my specific fitness goals,
—级修饰 because引导的原因状语从句，作句子主干的原因状语
because Fm training
介词短语作方式状语]
二级修饰 according to those goals,
[补充说明
三级修饰 not the numbers on a scale.
词汇注释 speciHc ★ [spa'sifik] a.具体的；特定的；明确的 according to根据；按照；据... 所示
第七段
❶ Rather than obsessing over the scale, turn your focus to how you look, feel, how your clothes fit and your overall energy
level.与其着迷于体重秤上的数字，不如将注意力转移到你的外表、感受、衣服是否合身以及整体能量水平上。
一级修饰 Rather than obsessing over the scale,
:介词短语作句子主干的状语
，卢溯®
句子主干 turn your focus （祈使句：谓+宾）
［介词短语作状语，表对象
to how you look, feel,
|并列的宾语从句
一级修饰 how your clothes fit
| and连接的并列宾语
and your overall energy level.
要点注释 to how...fit中，第一个how引导的宾语从句作介词to的宾语，其中主语是you, look和feel是系动词,
how作状语;第二个how引导的宾语从句中，主语是your clothes,谓语是fit, how作状语°
词汇注释 rather than而不是；宁可... 也不愿 obsess [*s9ebs] vt.使着迷；使痴迷
Section U Reading Comprehension
Part A
////✓/✓///✓/✓✓////✓//✓////✓/////✓///////✓/✓/////////////////
Text 1
❶ Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger, guilt emerges a little later, in conjunction with a
child's growing grasp of social and moral norms.与悲伤、恐惧和愤怒等所谓的基本情绪不同，内疚感显现得稍
晚一些，它随着孩子对社会和道德规范的理解日益加深而显现。
二级修饰 such as sadness, fear, and anger,
］such as...举例说明 so-called basic emotions
—级修饰 Unlike so-called basic emotions
］介词短语作句子主干的比较状语
句子主干 guilt emerges a little later,（主+谓）
［介词短语作句子主干的伴随状语
—级修饰 in conjunction with a child's growing grasp
介词短语作后置定语J修饰a child、growing grasp
二级修饰 of social and moral norms.
145:词汇注释i guilt * [gilt] n.内疚；犯罪 emerge * [*mi3 ：d3] 显现；摆脱“暴露
grasp * [graisp] n.理解（力）；领会 moral * ['mnrol] a.道德的；道义上的儿品行；寓意
❷ Children aren't bom knowing how to say "I'm sorry"; rather, they learn over time that such statements appease parents
and friends—and their own consciences.孩子们并非天生就知道如何说"对不起”；而是随着时间的推移，他们
才逐渐认识到这类话语能够安抚父母、朋友——以及自己的良心。
一级修饰 knowing how to say *Tm sorry";
[现在分词短语作(1)句的伴随状语
(l)Children aren't bom (主+谓)
|并列句
句子主干 ⑵rather, they learn over time (主+谓+宾从)
that引导的宾语从句,[作leam的宾语
that such statements appease parents and fnends
|补充说明
一级修饰 —and their own consciences.
i词汇注释i appease [o'pi：z] w.安抚；抚慰 conscience * [tonfsns] n.良心；道德心；良知
© This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount, to be a good thing.这就是为什么研
究人员通常认为所谓的道德内疚感，如果适度，会是一件好事。
_级修饰 in the right amount,
__________ [插入语
This is西yjr竺箜弋些华隹理蛆ly 汶ggy印niQEgl （主+系+表从）
句子主干 动词不定式短语作so-called moral guilt的补足语[
to be a good thing.
Q 第二段〕
O In the popular imagination, of course, guilt still gets a bad rap.当然，在人们的普遍观念中,内疚感仍饱受非议。
In the popular imagination,
-级修饰 介词短语作句子主干的状语
of course,
,, l插入语
句子主干 guilt still gets 头坦rgp.（主+谓+宾）
i词汇注释i imagination虫[i.maedsi'neijh] n.想象；想象的事物 rap丈[raep] n.苛评；批评；说唱歌就敲击
❷ It is deeply uncomfortable—it's the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted with stones.它让人感到3E常不
舒服一一在情感上相当于穿了一件装有许多石头的夹克。
句子主干 It is deeply uncomfortable （主+系+表）
]解释说明句子主干
一级修饰 ~~it's the emotional equivalent
介词短语作后置定语，[修W the emotional equivalent
二级修饰 of wearing a jacket
过去分词短语作后置定语J 蜥a jacket
weighted with stones.
i词汇注释！ emotional [I'msqfbnl] a.情感上的；情绪的 equivalent * [fkwivohnt] n.相等的东西 a 相同的
146© Yet this understanding is outdated.然而这种理解已经过时了。
句子主干 Yet this understanding is outdated.（主+系+表）
:词汇注释;：understanding 丸[jAndoHtaendim 〃•理解；领悟 outdated [jaut'deitid] a.过时的；陈旧的
❹"There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what guilt is and what role guilt can serve," says Amrisha Vaish,
a psychology researcher at the University of Virginia, adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions
aren't binary一feelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another.弗吉尼亚大学心理学研
究员阿穆瑞沙•瓦依希指出，“如今已再度兴起，或者说人们已经开始重新思考内疚感是什么及其会起到什
么作用，”她还补充道，这种复兴是更广泛认知的一部分，即情绪不是二元对立的一在一种情景下可能有
益的情绪在另一种情景下可能是有害的。
and what role guilt can serve,"
一级修饰 I and连接的并歹11句
about what guilt is
介词短语作后置定语,]修饰a kind of revival or a rethinking
4
