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强化练(三) 推理判断题(1) (限时：25 分钟)
A
(2022·湖南岳阳二模)
Have you ever noticed that some people can eat what they want and stay in shape，while
others carefully watch what they eat and still put on weight？How frustrating! However，scientists
are beginning to believe that some people get the ability to stay thin from their parents.
Scientists say that when some people eat，their bodies will naturally store the excess energy
from food as fat.These people gain weight if they eat more than they need each day.Meanwhile，
other people eat more than they need but their bodies are able to “burn off ” the extra food
without making fat，so they rarely have weight problems.
To show that this is true，scientists have experimented on laboratory mice.They gave the mice
a special diet with a lot of fat.Some mice gained weight while the other mice stayed thin，even
though both groups of mice ate the same amount of food and got the same amount of
exercise.Scientists concluded that weight gain seemed to be influenced by genetic factors.They also
believe they have now identified the genes that may cause this tendency.These genes，according to
the scientists，get passed down the generations.Armed with this knowledge，they believe it may
be possible to develop medicines that can target the genes and stop people from gaining weight.
The study of weight gain is becoming more important as the number of people who are
overweight continues to grow.In the United States，over seventy percent of the population have
weight problems.This means they are at risk of illnesses such as high blood pressure and heart
disease.
Current medicines for weight control do not work very well because they can have serious
side effects，such as heart problems.However，it takes a long time to develop and thoroughly test
new drugs.Therefore，despite this breakthrough in the study of weight-loss drugs，scientists and
health professionals all agree that currently the best way to control weight gain is to have a
healthy，balanced diet and an active lifestyle with daily exercise.This will not only help people
avoid becoming overweight，but also help them stay healthy and energetic.
1．According to the scientists，why do some people gain weight easily?
A．Because their genes cause the tendency.
B．Because their bodies do not make fat.
C．Because their bodies store energy from food as fat.
D．Because they eat more than they need each day.
2．What do we know about the experiment?
A．They did the experiment to find the genes that stop people from gaining weight.B．They did the experiment to find the reason why people gain weight.
C．They did the experiment to show the importance of healthy food.
D．They did the experiment to show the importance of regular exercise.
3．What may lead to high blood pressure according to the study?
A．The balanced diet.
B．The weight problems.
C．The lack of exercise.
D．The lack of drugs.
4．What is the purpose of the last paragraph of the text?
A．To inform us of serious side effects of the weight-loss drugs.
B．To introduce a breakthrough of the weight-loss drugs.
C．To advise us to develop a healthy lifestyle.
D．To encourage us to develop and test new drugs.
B
Zhang Fan,36，a movie visual effects designer who returned to Beijing from New Zealand for
work last year，was surprised by the improvement to the city’s air quality.“I remember the
smell in the air and the frequent smoggy days before I left in 2013，after getting a job offer from a
film company in New Zealand，”he said.Last year，a Chinese company offered Zhang a more
promising position，so he returned，saying that he could find more opportunities in his line of
work in Beijing than elsewhere.In addition to rapid economic development in the Chinese capital，
he said the most impressive change is the local air quality.“People discussed air pollution a lot
when I was in Beijing previously.Now，it seems that the topic has disappeared completely，as
every day is good in terms of air quality，”Zhang said.“The sky in Beijing these days is so
clear.”
On Jan.4 ，the municipal authorities in Beijing announced a comprehensive success in
improving air quality，with the city’s annual average concentration of PM2.5 in the air falling to
33 micrograms per cubic meter，and ozone(臭氧) concentration dropping to 149 mcg per cubic
meter last year.
Yu Jianhua，spokesman for the Beijing Municipal Ecology and Environment Bureau，said at
a news conference，“This is a milestone for Beijing’s hard work in fighting air pollution and
also means that the city has met its air quality target outlined in the 14th Five-Year Plan(2021－
2025) ahead of schedule.Beijing has demonstrated to the world over the past 20 years that a mega
city with a rapidly increasing GDP，vehicle count，population and energy consumption can move
forward to cut air pollution effectively.The PM2.5 reduction over the past few years has surpassed
that of developed countries during the same period.”
According to the Bureau，the city’s average concentration of PM2.5 dropped by 63 percent
last year from 2013，an average annual reduction of about 8 percent.The city experienced 288days of good air quality last year—up from 112 days in 2013—and just eight days of heavy air
pollution.This achievement is clear to see and exciting，but it has not been easy work.
5．Why did Zhang Fan return to Beijing?
A．He was tired of his life abroad.
B．He has a deep affection for the city.
C．The city’s air quality has improved.
D．A golden chance was offered to him.
6．How do the municipal authorities show the improvement in the city’s air quality?
A．By using examples.
B．By using figures.
C．By offering experimental findings.
D．By citing personal experience.
7．What does the underlined word “mega” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Huge. B．Rich.
C．Civilized. D．Noted.
8．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A．Business. B．Fashion.
C．Environment. D．Entertainment.
C
You might have ever noticed how some people can effortlessly talk to anyone they meet，no
matter how different their backgrounds are.Or you may have seen that one person who always
offends someone，no matter what the topic of conversation is.These two situations describe how
we can differ in our abilities to interact，get along with，and relate to others around us.In the same
way that we vary in traditional academic competencies，we can vary in how socially competent we
are.After years of academic research and development，this social ability is now commonly
referred to as “social intelligence”．
Social intelligence is the ability to understand other people，how they work，what motivates
them，and how to work cooperatively with them.It is a relationship-based construct that centers on
the way we understand others，interact with others，and present ourselves to others.As an
example，you would not speak in the same way toward your 70-year-old mother as you would to
your 16-year-old daughter.In our working lives，we come across different social groups including
those from different countries ， varying age groups and cultural identities.Being able to
acknowledge and understand people’s different backgrounds is a key way to connect with them.
Our ability to navigate successfully through our lives relies heavily on our levels of social
intelligence.It can affect the relationships we form with our partners and children，the friendship
circles that we build ， and our ability to progress in our careers and ambitions.Given the
importance of social intelligence in multiple aspects of life，it is therefore in our best interest tobetter understand the concept of social intelligence and take the following ways to improve it.
9．What is the first paragraph intended to show?
A．Academic research varies from person to person.
B．Creative competencies are crucial to one’s research.
C．There are differences in people’s social intelligence.
D．People’s social abilities depend on their backgrounds.
10．Why does the author use the example of a 70-year-old mother and a 16-year-old
daughter?
A．To sincerely present a fact.
B．To further clarify a concept.
C．To clearly show an attitude.
D．To finally draw a conclusion.
11．What do we know from the third paragraph?
A．Our relationship circles should be enlarged.
B．Better understanding a concept is important.
C．It is really difficult to achieve one’s ambition.
D．Social intelligence has great effects on our lives.
12．What may be talked about following the last paragraph?
A．How to define social intelligence.
B．How to classify social intelligence.
C．How to improve social intelligence.
D．How to deal with social intelligence.
