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第16 讲 Unit 8 语法篇
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一般过去时的被动语态
被动语态(2): 一般过去时的被动语态
【语境领悟】仔细观察例句并体会句式结构。
Zhang Yining
①
was noticed by coach Wang Biling.
They
②
were invited to his birthday party last weekend.
Bob
③
wasn’t chosen for the team last time.
Some players
④
weren’t compared with the world’s best sports stars.
How many students
⑤
were encouraged to make speeches in the contest?
【知识构建】
(一)一般过去时的被动语态的句式结构
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肯定句
主语+ was/ were +动词的过
去分词+其他
I was invited to Li Lei’s birthday party last night. 昨晚,
我被邀请参加了李雷的生日聚会。
否定句
主语+ wasn’t/ weren’t +动词
的过去分词+其他
The books weren’t sent to us. 这些书没有被送给我们。
一般疑问句
Was/Were +主语+动词的过去
分词+其他
Were the cars mended in the factory? 这些汽车在工厂里
被修理过吗?
特殊疑问句
疑问词+was/were+主语+动词
的过去分词+其他
Who was chosen for the basketball game? 谁被选入篮球
队了?
(二)被动语态的几种特殊形式
1. 带双宾语的动词的主动语态与被动语态。
谓语动词带双宾语时, 既可将间接宾语转化成主语, 也可以将直接宾语转化成主语。当用直接
宾语作主语时, 要根据动词的习惯搭配, 在间接宾语前补上介词to 或for。(直接宾语指物, 间接宾语
指人)。例如:
She gave me a book. →I was given a book by her.
→A book was given to me by her.
2. 带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态。
宾语加上宾语补足语构成复合宾语。变被动语态直接把宾语变为被动语态的主语, 宾语补足语
保留在原处, 变成主语补足语。
E.g. I heard Jane playing the piano in her room.
→Jane was heard playing the piano in her room.
3. 被动语态后动词形式的选择。
主动句中在感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice 等, 及使役动词let, make, have 等后跟省略to 的
不定式, 变为被动语态时, 应加上不定式符号to。
E.g. Last Sunday we heard them sing Peking Opera in the theatre.
→They were heard to sing Peking Opera in the theatre last Sunday.
1. Many buildings in Lushan ______ in the earthquake on April 20th. It will surely be reconstructed(重建)
more beautifully.
A. have destroyed B. are destroyed
C. were destroyed D. are destroying
2. -You bought a new car! An American car?
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-No. A Chinese car. It ______ in Taizhou.
A. makes B. made
C. was made D. will be made
3. -Why did Tom go to bed so late yesterday?
-Because his homework _____on time.
A. didn’t finish
B. finish
C. wasn’t finished
D.isn’t finished
4. It was reported that nine Chinese people ______ in a balloon crash (坠毁）in Egypt on February 26,
2013.
A. are killed B. were killed
C. will kill
D. have killed
5. The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a lot since it _____.
A. invents B. invented
C. is invented
D. was invented
解析：
1. C 考查一般过去时的被动语态。意为许多建筑物在4.20 地震中被毁坏。
2. C 考查一般过去时的被动语态。意为它产于台州。
3. C 考查一般过去时的被动语态的否定形式。意为作业没有被按时完成。
4. B 考查一般过去时的被动语态。 意为据报道，九名中国人在2013 年2 月26 日发生在埃及的大气
球坠毁中丧生。
5. D 考查一般过去时的被动语态。以since 引导的时间状语从句中，从句用一般过去时。
基础演练
I. 句型转换
1. The hospital was set up in 1972.(改为主动语态)
The workers ___________ __________ the hospital in 1972.
2. Nick was too young to go to school.(改为同义句)
Nick was not _______ __________ to go to school.
3. What was wrong with your sister?(改为被动语态)
_________ __________ __________ ____________with your sister?
4.The teacher gave the boy an apple. ( 改为被动语态)
An apple_________ ________ ________ the boy by the teacher.21 5
5.We saw the children sing that morning. (改为被动语态)
The children___________ _________ ________ that morning.4
II. 用所给单词的正确形式填空完成短文
My brother is a very good swimmer. Last year, when he was only 14, he _______(choose) to be in the
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school swimming team. Last summer he _______(win) the school swimming prize. My parents
________(decide) to send him to a special sports school. Luckily, he ________(accept) by the school and
will start there in September. In the near future he ________ （train） by some of the best swimming
coaches in the country. He is very excited and happy about this.
答案：
I. 1.set up 2.old enough 3.What was the matter 4. was given to 5.were see to sing
II.1. was chosen 2.won 3.decided 4.is accepted 5. will be trained7
巩固提高
1. 阅读对话，完成填空。
choose hold win
A.
Linging: Let’s answer these questions about sport in the school magazine. Are you ready?
Betty: Sure, I love sport. Go on, ask me the first question.
Linging: Where (1) ________ the Olympic Games ______ in 2008?
Betty: That’s too easy! They (2) _________ in Beijing.
Linging: And how many gold medals (3) _______ China ______ at the Beijing Olympics?
Betty: Oh, I know. Fifty …no, fifty-one gold medals (4) __________ by China at the Beijing Olympics.
Linging: Correct, Next, what competition (5) ______ Liu Xiang ________at the 2004 Olympic Games?
Betty: Was it the hurdles?
Linging: Well done! Yes, it was. And one more question. Who (6) ___________ for the school basketball
team last week?
Betty: Ha, ha! I don’t know. Let’s go and find out.
B.
Millions of people across the world (1) ________ (watch) the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. The excellent
results at the Games were the products of many years of hard work. Young Olympic players (2)
____________ (train) by their coaches. Their training (3) ______________ (record) and (4) ___________
(compare) with those of the world’s best players. The inf ormation (5) __________ (use) to make training
methods better. Hard training and proper methods helped many players become successful at the 2008
Beijing Olympic Games.
答案:
A. 1. were; held 2. were held 3. did; win 4. were won 5. did; win 6. was chosen
B. 1. watched 2. were trained 3. was recorded 4. compared 5. was used
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I.单项选择.
1.The basketball player __ __ by his coach to train every day.
A. was compared
B.advised
C. compared D. was advised
2. The team played well, but they did not ____ the competition.
A.score
B. do
C. win
D.be successful
3. Mr Li ______ to work for the new computer company.
A.was noticed
B.was chosen
C. set up D.held
4. UN _____ the United Nations.
A.makes
B.spells
C.stands for
D.looks like
5. Our team lost! We ______ by the other team.
A.noticed B.were beaten
C.won D.were encouraged
6. Each year quite a lot of food ____ around the world. It’s really time for us to do something.
A. was wasted
B. is wasted
C. will be wasted
7.He___ to study harder for the coming exam yesterday.
A. encourage
B. is encouraged
C. was encouraged
8.Many children in Britain ___ to have their own bank cards last year.
A. allowed
B. are allowed
C. were allowed
9.Tom ____ three chances in the high jump then.
A. give
B. am given
C. was given
D. will be given
10. Annie _____ to the party. She had a wonderful time with us.
A. invites
B. is invited
C. was invited D. has invited
II. 完形填空
It was a cold winter's night when I stopped for gas(汽油) on my way home from work. I was tired and
had a little 1 I worked in a 2 doctor's office, and during those days many unexpected things
happened. It seemed that I was going to be late getting home today. My husband who is a punctual(守时的
~) person would be ready to 3 .again. Maybe 4 I hurried, I could still arrive home earlier.
I was going inside to 5 for my gas when I noticed an older couple at the counter(柜台). I
heard them asking for 6 to the local hospital. It was the same hospital that I had just 7 a few
minutes ago.
At the counter, a young man was quite 8 . He was trying to 9 how to get there,
with two other people. One of them was 10 .trying to give them a whole different route back. It was
then that I walked over to the couple and said, "Would you like to follow me to the 11 ?"
A look of 12 appeared on the woman's face.
"I'm going right by there," I said, and it was a(n) 13 since I had just decided to do
exactly that.
I got into my car and began the journey back. I was trying to make them be sure they were
right 14 me. It took only fifteen minutes to get there. I felt 15 than I had all day and my
headache was nearly gone.
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Later, as I arrived home, my husband teased(嘲笑), "So you aren't ever late any more." I said,
"Sometimes it's good to be late."
1. A. headache B. fever
C. cold
D. break
2. A. foreign B. busy
C. crucial
D. noisy
3. A. relax B. offend C. complain
D. appear
4. A. while B. since C. as
D. if
5. A. wait B. look C. care
D. search
6. A. money B. trouble C. directions
D. opinions
7. A. risked B. provided C. called
D. left
8. A. helpful B. skilled C. confused
D. active
9. A. imagine B. expect C. explain
D. urge
10. A. only B. even C. still
D. ever
11. A. station B. office C. hospital
D. hotel
12. A. panic B. pleasure C. sadness
D. peace .
13. A. dream B. fact C. reason
D. example
14. A. behind B. before C. below D. beside
15. A. duller B. quieter C. worse D. better
答案：
I.DCBCB BCCCC
II.ABCDA CDACB CBBAD2
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I.单项选择
1. Tomorrow there’s a program about our school on TV; then it ______ by millions of people.（2015-2016
甘肃期中）
A. will see
B. saw
C. will be seen
D. was seen
2. ----- Is the environment good around your city ?（2015-2016 甘肃期中）
----- Yes. Many trees here every year.
A. are planted
B. plant
C. planted
D. be planted
3. When I went to say goodbye to Anna, she the piano.（2015-2016 甘肃期中）
A. is playing
B. plays
C. was playing
D. played
4. Must I stay at home and look after her?
. （2015-2016 甘肃期中）
A.No,you mustn’t
B.No,you can’t
C.No,you won’t
D.No,you needn't
5 --What a beautiful factory! I want to work in it. --Well, workers ______ very much here.（2015-2016
甘肃期中）
A. need
B. are needing
C. are needed
D. will need
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6. This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, _______ well.21 5
A. sells
B. sell
C. is sold
D.are sold【 ：21
7. If you see the cartoon film, you will ______ laugh.
A. be made
B. be made to
C. make to
D. make
8. People who ______ to the party are very excited.
A. have invited
B. has been invited
C. will invite
D. have been
invited
9. Many children in Britain _________ to have their own bank cards these days.
A. allow
B. allowed
C. are allowed
D. were allowed
10.--Have you heard about that car accident near the school?
--Yes, luckily no one _______.
A.hurt
B.was hurt
C. has hurt
D. were hurt
A.
II. 阅读理解
A
When you’re curious(好奇的) about something, and want to know more about it, you can use the way
of asking questions. Asking questions is the first step to make discoveries and find interesting answers. The
steps below can guide you during the research.4
Step1 On a notecard or piece of paper, write down the subject that you are interested in. Just get the
main idea down. For example, you might write: Discover more about dinosaurs.
Step2 Next, stop and think for a moment about what you already know abut your subject. List what
you already know like the sentences below:
(1)Dinosaurs lived long before human beings appeared.
(2)Dinosaurs lived on the earth for more than 150 million years.
(3)Some dinosaurs fed on(吃) plants, some on meat.
Step3 What can you do with what you want to learn? By asking questions. On your paper, start
writing down questions about the dinosaurs as you think of them:
(1)What’s the best weather for dinosaurs to live in?
(2)How many kinds of dinosaurs are there?
(3)Have dinosaurs really disappeared?
Step4 Armed with your list of questions, you can now go to the nearest library or computer to begin
your research. As you learn more about your subject, you’ll probably discover some new questions. For
example, you might discover that dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. Why? What happened?
Asking new questions can help you research your subject more widely.
If you always find something interesting to research, take time to organize(组织) your thinking by
asking good questions. And remember learning more always brings more questions.
1. When you do some research, you should take the following steps:
(1)list what you want to know
(2) choose a research subject
(3)list what you already know
(4) discover new problems
A. (4)(3)(2)(1)
B. (1)(4)(3)(2)
C.(2)(3)(1)(4)
D.(3)(2)(4)(1)
2. From the passage, we know .
A. dinosaurs appeared after human beings
B. not all the dinosaurs fed on meat
C. dinosaurs lived on the earth for 65 million years
D. dinosaurs lived warm season
3. What does “Armed with your list of questions” mean?
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A. Putting your list of questions under your arm
B. Discussing your questions with your classmates
C. Writing down your list of questions
D. Taking your list of questions with you
4. According to the passage, which one is true?
A. You can find all the answers online(5 络上)
B. Learn more, and you’ll have no questions
C. Asking questions is the only way for research 21· * 5
D. During the research, you may keep finding new questions
5. The best title(标题) for this passage is “ ”
A. Discovering Dinosaurs
B. Asking Good Questions3
C. Finding Subjects
D. Learning Steps
B
Dear Victor,
I have received your loving letter from school and I am glad to know that you are becoming
responsible(有责任的) enough to decide on your career(职业).
You are now in the final year of high school and are going to start further education in college. You
know that we belong to different times, and my social life is different from yours. However, all I can say as
advice is that you must choose a career wisely. The first consideration is your interest. You can only
succeed and feel happy when you do something you enjoy. You must get a job which not only provides you
with something useful, but also you are pleased with. Then, you must read a lot in the field(领域) you are
aiming at. Also, you should get to know the men and women who work in that field. When mind and heart
work together, success is inevitable.
No career is more or less important. I think your interest may be in the field of making TV programs.
Your good communication skills, your taking an active part in school plays and the prizes you have won in
speech competitions all lead you to that direction. So a career in Mass Communication and TV film
production will bring luck to you. If you succeed in that field, you will become famous and rich.8
Think a thousand times before making any final decision about your career. After all, we want you to
be a man of success.【 ：21 】
We all know that you are old enough to think for yourself.
With all the best wishes! Your loving father
1. We can infer(推断) that Victor wrote a letter to ask for advice on how to .
A. get good marks
B. choose a career
C. prepare for a competition
D. communicate with others
2. The underlined word "inevitable" (in Para. 2) means .
A. be dissatisfied to seek B. be easy to remember
C. be difficult to get
D. be sure to happen
3. The father mentions "the school plays,' and "speech competitions" (in Para. 3) in order to .
A. show that he is proud of his son
B. hope his son should work harder in this field
C. tell his son he can certainly succeed in this field
D. hint (暗示) his son to consider choosing the career he suggests21
4. The father thinks that .
A. every career is same important
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B. being famous is more important than being rich
C. his son is too young to make a decision himself
D. there is no real understanding between parents and children
5. The father suggests that his son should .【 ：0】
A. be active in school activities
B. never be proud when making progress
C. consider interest first when choosing a career
D. keep a good relationship with successful people6
III.根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。
1. Guo Jingjing enjoys her s___________ life very much.7
2. Our school football team played a_________ their football team last week.
3. The boy is very m________ about basketball.
4. The man s__________ up a hospital in the country last year.
5. He is a s________; he is good at sports.
IV.句型转换
1.He doesn’t have a chance (改为同义句)
He ___________ __________ _________chance.
2. Yesterday he cut the old tree.(改为被动语态)
The old tree _________ __________ yesterday.
3. People play football all over the world. (改为被动语态)
_________ __________ __________all over the world.21 5
4.He was too angry to say a word. ( 改为复合句)
He was_________ angry________ he couldn’t say a word.
5.Tony looks tired because he is training for a basketball match. (对划线部分提问)
___________ _________ Tony ________ tired?
V.书面表达
请以“Sports in Our School”为题给校刊写一篇报道。
提示：1.time for sports;
2.kinds of sports;
3.changes in students’ health and study;
4.changes in school life.
要求：100 词左右，可适当发挥。
答案：
I.CACDC ABDCB
II.CBDDB BDDAC
III.CABDE
IV.1.sporting 2.against 3.mad 4.set 5.sportman
V.1.has got no 2.was cut 3.Football is played 4. so that 5.why does look
VI.One possible version：
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Sports in Our School
Sports in our school have changed a lot. Now we have more than three P.E. Classes a week, and we have
at least one hour to exercise every day.【 ：21· · ·5】
Students get so excited at these changes. More and more students take an active part in games, running
and jumping on the playground.
Our school life is becoming more wonderful. Doing sports is a good way to relax. What’s more, a healthy
body can help us study better and live a happier life.
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