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北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 22版 《5年高考3年模拟 B
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第三部分 阅读理解
专题九 细节理解
— 专题检测 —
Passage 1
Peak District, Derbyshire
Driving distance from Birmingham: Two hours and 10 minutes
With so many places to explore, the Peak District is a dream that will come true for
leisure (悠闲的) drivers. One of the area's most famous roads, Snake Pass, was listed as
one of the best driving roads by Auto Trader Magazine in 2009. The Pass, as is also
known, has beautiful, green hills on each side and its winding roads also run beside the
beautiful river Ashop.
Wenlock Edge, Shropshire
Driving distance from Birmingham: Two hours
Tracking further along to the Welsh border, you'll find the Wenlock Edge Circuit. On
the way, you'll pass towns like Church Stretton, Much Wenlock, and Wenlock Edge. Allow
around two hours for the circuit itself, following the A458 to Much Wenlock then back
up north from the Shropshire Way, along the A49.
The Midlands Tick
Driving distance from Birmingham: One hour and 30 minutes
The Midlands Tick has featured high on driving experience wish lists for many years.
Accessible and pretty, it's the perfect excuse to keep you clear-headed. You'll find quaint
(古朴典雅的)villages and winding roads along the way.
Shropshire to Worcester
Driving distance from Birmingham:Two to three hours
For hills and history, there's no better route in the area than the Shropshire and
Worcestershire circuit. This is the ideal medicine for city tiredness, with its wide-open
spaces and pretty pit stops. To max out the experience, add a stopover, and extend the
trip in a country house somewhere along the way.
1.What can visitors do at Peak District, Derbyshire?
A.Go on an expedition.
B.Drive free of charge.
C.Enjoy the scenery.
D.Swim in Ashop.
2.Where does the Wenlock Edge Circuit lie?
A.Near the Welsh border.
B.Near Church Stretton.
C.Along the A458.
D.In the north of Shropshire.
3.Which place is the nearest to Birmingham?
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A.Peak District, Derbyshire.
B.Wenlock Edge, Shropshire.
C.The Midlands Tick.
D.Shropshire to Worcester.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为应用文。文章介绍了Birmingham 附近四处景点的相关情况。
1.C 细节理解题。本题题干意为:在 Peak District, Derbyshire游客可以做什么?根据第一则
信息中的 The Pass, as is also known, has beautiful, green hills on each side and its
winding roads also run beside the beautiful river Ashop.(众所周知,Pass这个地方两侧有美
丽的青山,它蜿蜒的道路就在美丽的Ashop河边。)可知:游客可以在这里欣赏美景。故答案
为C项。
2.A 细节理解题。本题题干意为: Wenlock Edge Circuit 的位置在哪里?根据第二则信息中
的Tracking further along to the Welsh border,you'll find the Wenlock Edge Circuit.(沿着威
尔士边境继续往前走,你会发现文洛克边界环路。)可知:它在威尔士边境附近。故答案为A
项。
3.C 细节理解题。本题题干意为:离伯明翰最近的是哪个地方?根据四处景点介绍中的从伯
明翰开车所需要的时间可知,开车前往The Midlands Tick这个地方需要的时间最短。由此
可知,The Midlands Tick离伯明翰最近。故答案为C项。
高级词块 1.come true成为现实,实现 2.winding roads蜿蜒的道路 3.clear-headed adj.头
脑清醒的
Passage 2
COMMON TYPES OF DRUGS
Cocaine
A white powdery drug obtained from the leaves of coca plants. In general, abusers
may experience sleeplessness, loss of appetite, aggressive behavior, depression,illusion(幻
觉)as well as high blood pressure and racing heartbeat. Repeated intakes will severely
damage the immune system and result in death.
Morphine
As an extract(提取物)of opium, Morphine is widely used as a painkiller by doctors.
However, it is highly addictive and abusers may experience paranoia,illusion and mental
disorders.Excessive doses may cause death of breath failure.
Heroin
A highly addictive drug made from Morphine. It rapidly causes addiction, damages
the immune system, and causes itchy skin, reduced appetite,and irregular heartbeat and
blood pressure. Repeated injection at the same site causes veins to collapse. Death can
occur from overdoses and diseases such as AIDS can be acquired from sharing needles.
Marijuana
Coming from the cannabis sativa plant, Marijuana goes by a variety of nicknames
such as: dope, grass, pot, weed and Mary Jane. Abusers will experience hunger, increased
talkativeness, mild illusion and slow reactions after consumption. Long-term abusers
commonly suffer from hormonal disorder and smoking-related diseases.
Cough medicine
Commercially produced cough medicine contains varying amounts of Codeine. Small
doses of Codeine effectively relieve cough symptoms but abuse of Codeine can lead to
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addiction.Cough medicine abusers may suffer from sleepiness, dry mouth, difficulty to
urinate(排尿),light-headedness, loss of appetite and itchiness of the skin. Depression and
confusion are also common side effects.
Drugs destroy lives and families and cost society dearly. Cherish your life and stay
away from drugs!
1.How many drugs mentioned above can kill people?
A.2. B.3. C.4. D.5.
2.What do Morphine and cough medicine have in common?
A.They are both deadly.
B.They may cause great depression.
C.They can be used to treat diseases.
D.They will damage our immune system.
3.What does the author intend to do with this passage?
A.To introduce to us different kinds of drugs.
B.To call on us to keep away from drugs.
C.To warn us of the great harm of drugs.
D.To tell us some stories about drugs.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章介绍了几种常见的能使人上瘾的麻醉药。
1.B 细节理解题。本题题干意为:上述提到的药品中有几种可能危及生命?根据前三种药品
介绍中的最后一句“Repeated intakes will severely damage the immune system and result
in death.”“Excessive doses may cause death of breath failure.”和“Death can occur
from overdoses and diseases such as AIDS can be acquired from sharing needles.”可知答
案为B项。
2.C 细节理解题。本题题干意为:吗啡和咳嗽药有什么共同之处?根据Morphine介绍中的
“Morphine is widely used as a painkiller by doctors”(医生普遍把吗啡作为止痛药)及
Cough medicine 介 绍 中 的 “ Small doses of Codeine effectively relieve cough
symptoms”(小剂量的可待因可有效缓解咳嗽的症状)可知答案为C项(它们都可以被用来治
病)。
3.A 推理判断题。本题题干意为:作者写此文章的目的是什么?根据文章题目“COMMON
TYPES OF DRUGS”可推知答案为A项。作者不仅介绍了这几种药品的负面作用同时也
客观地介绍了Morphine和cough medicine在治病方面的正面作用,故排除B、C两项。
高级词块 1.abuser n.滥用者 2.racing heartbeat心率加速 3.breath failure呼吸衰竭
Passage 3
Transfer Students—August Orientation (迎新日)Schedule
You and your family are welcome to attend August orientation for a comprehensive
introduction to the university, including meeting academic advisors and registering for
classes.
Registration:TUESDAY, AUGUST 20
8:00 am—4:30 pm
Get your student ID card at the Campus Service Center at 034 Campus Avenue
Building. If you have uploaded a photo for your ID, you'll simply pick up your card;
otherwise, staff will take your picture and print the ID card while you wait.
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Check into your residence hall (if you're to live on campus). Your ID card functions
as your residence hall room key.
ORIENTATION DAY: WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 21
8:00 am—10:30 am Check-in & Welcome
Check in and receive your orientation materials. Explore banking options and open a
bank account. You will get welcome from the Vice President of Student Affairs.
11:00 am—11:50 am Small Group Meeting—various locations
You will meet your Student Orientation Undergraduate Leader (SOUL) in small
groups. Each group will discuss highlights about your possible majors, and your questions
(about anything) and the volunteer consultants are ready to help you.
12:00 pm—2:00 pm Lunch & Resource Fair
You and your family members can purchase lunch at Armstrong Student Center.
During lunch, you'll learn about university resources and involvement opportunities at the
Resource Fair. Staff will be available to let you know about the resources and support for
the students.
2:00 pm—3:25 pm Career Advising
Career Center staff will introduce career items and lead an activity to help you begin
to identify your career interest and plan your future professions in advance.
3:30 pm—4:00 pm Student Life & Campus Safety
Learn about life outside the classroom. Small groups will work together to solve your
life challenges. Information about campus safety will also be shared.
4:00 pm—4:45 pm Community Expectations
A representative from the Office of the Dean of Students will discuss the
expectations for you as a member of the community, and address campus values.
5:50 pm—6:00 pm Announcements & Closing
1.What are you required to do on the day of registration?
A.Print the pictures. B.Live on campus.
C.Get the student ID card. D.Visit the communities.
2.At what time will you expect to learn about your professional development plan?
A.11:00 am. B.2:00 pm. C.3:30 pm. D.4:00 pm.
3.What do you have to pay for according to the text?
A.Getting orientation materials.
B.Accessing academic resources.
C.Consulting the advisors or the staff.
D.Having lunch at Armstrong Student Center.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为应用文。主题语境为人与社会。本文是一所大学迎新日对新生进行的
入学培训活动介绍。
1.C 细节理解题。本题题干意为:在注册当天你需要做什么?根据题干中的“on the day of
registration”可知“Registration:TUESDAY, AUGUST 20”部分为本题答案区间,根据该部
分第 1 句“Get your student ID card at the Campus Service Center at 034 Campus
Avenue Building.”可知答案为C项。
2.B 细节理解题。本题题干意为:你在什么时间会了解你的职业发展规划?根据题干中的
“learn about your professional development plan”再结合“2:00 pm—3:25 pm Career
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Advising”部分中的“to help you begin to identify your career interest and plan your
future professions in advance”可知答案为B项。
3.D 细节理解题。本题题干意为:根据本文你需要付什么钱?根据“12:00 pm—2:00 pm
Lunch & Resource Fair”部分中的“You and your family members can purchase lunch at
Armstrong Student Center.”可知答案为D项。
高级词块 1.a comprehensive introduction to对……的全面介绍 2.highlight n.最重要的部
分
Passage 4
Coca-Cola, which reportedly produced more than 3 million tons of plastic packaging
in 2017, announced Thursday it wants to “help fix the world's plastic waste problem one
community at a time.”
The soda giant is doing so by providing $5.4 million for recycling programs in cities
like Atlanta, Boston, Denver and Houston. In these cities, partners, like the Green Blue
Institute and the Recycling Partnership, which receive the money, will work together to
improve recycling rates.
“We focus on areas where we have the ability to make the biggest influence on
communities through the funding and expert skills of Coca-Cola employees,” Carlos
Pagoagoa, Coca-Cola's group director of community partnerships, said in a statement. “In
each city, local partners will work together to identify barriers to recycling on a local
level and test a range of solutions,” he added. “ We hope the learning from
these‘model markets’can offer solutions to other cities facing similar challenges.”
As part of the effort, the Recycling Partnership and the city of Atlanta, where the
cola company's headquarters are based, will send street teams out to open recycling carts
and leave citizens cards informing them what they can and can't recycle, and let them
know how their efforts work.
“Two of the most urgent problems with recycling in the U.S. today are lack of
access, followed by pollution in recycling,” Keefe Harrison, CEO of the Recycling
Partnership, said in a statement. “We know from the success of Atlanta in 2017 that the
citizens want to recycle, and that communicating with them in the street works.”
Last year, Coca-Cola announced its task to collect and reuse a bottle or a can for
each one it sells, and increase the amount of its products out of recycled materials to
50% by 2030. The brand also aims to make all its packaging fully recyclable by 2025.
1.What's the passage mainly about?
A.Coca-Cola decides to produce less plastic packaging.
B.Coca-Cola will build a plant to recycle plastic waste in different cities.
C.A soda giant intends to help deal with plastic waste in communities.
D.A soda giant announces its marketing goals.
2.How does the Coca-Cola company help in recycling programs?
A.By offering funds and techniques.
B.By providing experts and employees.
C.By building recycling plants.
D.By advertising on TV.
3.According to Keefe Harrison, which of the following words can best describe the result
of the program in Atlanta?
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A.Doubtful. B.Successful.
C.Discouraging. D.Uncertain.
4.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A.Coca-Cola produces more than 3 million tons of plastic packaging every year.
B.Coca-Cola chooses cities like Atlanta, Boston and Denver according to the size.
C.Street teams will be sent out to tell local people what to recycle.
D.Coca-Cola intends to increase its products to 50% by 2030.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为新闻报道。文章报道了可口可乐公司将对它的包装进行回收处理的举
措。
1.C 主旨要义题。本题题干意为:本文主要是关于什么的?新闻报道的主旨一般在第一段的
新闻导语中,根据第一段的主要内容“可口可乐公司宣布它想通过每次帮助一个社区的方式
来解决世界塑料垃圾问题”可知本题答案为C项(一家汽水巨头打算帮助处理社区的塑料垃
圾)。A:可口可乐公司决定减少塑料包装;B:可口可乐公司将在不同的城市建立回收塑料废物
的工厂;D:汽水巨头宣布其营销目标。
2.A 细节理解题。 本题题干意为:可口可乐公司如何帮助回收项目?根据第二段第1句
“The soda giant is doing so by providing $5.4 million for recycling programs in
cities...”以及第三段第 1 句中的“through the funding and expert skills of Coca-Cola
employees”可知答案为A项(通过提供资金和技术)。B:通过提供专家和雇员;C:通过建立回
收工厂;D:通过电视广告。
3.B 细节理解题。本题题干意为:根据Keefe Harrison的说法,下面哪个词能最好地描述在
亚特兰大该项目的结果? 根据题干中“Keefe Harrison”可知倒数第二段为本题答案区间。
根据该段中“We know from the success of Atlanta in 2017 that the citizens want to
recycle, and that communicating with them in the street works.”可知答案为B项(成功的)。
A:怀疑的;C:令人沮丧的;D:不确定的。
4.C 细节理解题。本题题干意为:下列叙述中,哪项是正确的?从倒数第三段中“...will send
street teams out to...and leave citizens cards informing them what they can and can't
recycle...”可知答案为C项。第一段中的“in 2017”与A项中的“every year”相悖,故排
除A项;第二段第1句中并未提及“according to the size”,故排除B项;根据最后一段中
“increase the amount of its products out of recycled materials to 50% by 2030”可排除
D项。
高级词块 1.recycling rate回收率 2.focus on关注
Passage 5
Imagine meeting someone for the first time who comes from a distant country but is
fluent in your language. Would you adapt the tone of your voice, or the spacing of
pauses in your speech? How about adjusting your body language and facial expressions,
depending on the background of the person in front of you?
These are just a handful of the shifts in behaviour that can contribute to what is
known as your“cultural intelligence”, or CQ.
“The number one predictor of your success in today's borderless world is not your
IQ, or not even your expertise(专长),”writes social scientist David Livermore in his book
The Cultural Intelligence Difference. “It's your CQ.”
Typically CQ is measured through a series of questions that assess four distinct
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components. The first is “CQ Drive”—the motivation to learn about other cultures.
Then there is “CQ Knowledge”, which is an understanding of some of the general
cultural differences you may face. “CQ Strategy”examines how you make sense of
those difficult conflicts and learn from them, while “ CQ Action” involves your
behavioural flexibility— whether you are able to adapt your conduct like a cultural
chameleon.
“While understanding a specific culture can be useful, it may not predict at all your
ability to engage effectively in a new place,”says Livermore.“In fact, our research finds
that individuals who have lived in multiple locations for extended time are more likely to
have higher CQ Knowledge than those who have lived multiple decades in one overseas
setting.”
Someone with low CQ might have a tendency to judge everyone else's behaviour by
his own cultural standards. If he comes from a more sociable environment, for instance,
and notices that his Japanese colleagues are very quiet in a meeting, he may assume that
they are being unfriendly or bored. A person at the top of the scale(级别), meanwhile,
might realize that silence is a sign of respect and that feedback(反馈)won't be given
unless it is explicitly required. As a result, he'll make sure to offer suitable opportunities
within the meeting for others to provide their opinions.
1.Which of the following best describes “a cultural chameleon”?
A.Learning from other cultures to have a high CQ.
B.Taking action to overcome the communication barrier.
C.Getting along well with others despite cultural differences.
D.Changing behaviour according to the cultural background.
2.What is the best way to get high CQ Knowledge?
A.Experiencing a variety of different cultures.
B.Spending a long time in a specific culture.
C.Meeting people from a distant country.
D.Having personal experience in another culture.
3.What kind of people do the “Japanese colleagues” represent?
A.People with low CQ.
B.People with high CQ.
C.People from a different culture.
D.People from a sociable environment.
4.Whom is the text mainly intended for?
A.Those who are going to be a social scientist.
B.Those who want to learn about CQ Knowledge.
C.Those who conduct some research on CQ and IQ.
D.Those who interact with people from different cultures.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。主题语境为人与社会。本文介绍了不为人知的能决定你的成
败的文化智商(CQ)。
1.D 猜测词义题。本题题干意为:下列哪一项能最好地描述“文化变色龙”?根据第四段最
后一句中“CQ Action”involves your behavioural flexibility—whether you are able to
adapt your conduct like a cultural chameleon”(“CQ行动”涉及你的行为的灵活性——你
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能否像一个文化变色龙一样调整自己的行为)可知文化变色龙行为灵活,善于根据不同的文化
背景改变自己的行为,故答案为D项。
2.A 细节理解题。本题题干意为:获得高 CQ 知识的最佳方法是什么?根据第五段中
“individuals who have lived in multiple locations for extended time are more likely to
have higher CQ Knowledge than those who have lived multiple decades in one overseas
setting”(在很多地方都待过的人,比那些在一个海外环境中居住了几十年的人,更有可能具备
较高的CQ知识)可推断答案为A项(体验各种不同文化)。
3.C 细节理解题。本题题干意为:“日本同事”代表哪种人?最后一段介绍了文化智商低的
人(Someone with low CQ)和文化智商高的人(A person at the top of the scale)对来自不同
文化的人的不同反应。由此可推知文中提到的“Japanese colleagues”指的是来自不同文化
的人,故答案为C项。
4.D 推理判断题。本题题干意为:本文主要是为谁写的?本文介绍了CQ(文化智商),一种与来
自不同文化背景的人交往的能力。故答案为D项。
高级词块 1.a handful of少量的,一小部分的 2.make sense of弄清,懂得 3.multiple adj.
数量多的
Passage 6
Most people have probably spent more of 2020 canceling travel plans than making
them, but it's not too late to reverse that trend. Here are some vacations you can plan
this fall.
Road trip to a local farm
Visiting a farm is “number one” travel pick right now. Price plays a big role in
that suggestion. Apple picking, for example, is usually very affordable, with some orchards
(果园) offering products by the pound, for $1 or $2, and others offering a flat fee for an
all-you-can-fill bag for about $30.
Visit a national park
There are many national parks in the U.S., so the odds are that you've got one in
the driving range. If you're up for a challenge, you can climb Half Dome in Yosemite or
race down the great sand dunes in Colorado. The parks are also affordable. An annual
pass, which guarantees entry to every park for an entire family, is just $80.
Plan a camping trip
Camping doesn't cost much. Most states have dozens of drive-in camp sites, while
you can also find cabins in the $50—$100 per night range. There's no shortage of
activities, either — whether it's fishing, hiking, biking or just perfecting your camping
recipe.
Rent an RV (野营车)
RVs are a prime option for a cheap vacation. Using an RV for a vacation means
you're paying for your transportation and lodging all in one. Also, considering that some
two-person RVs can go for as little as $175—$200 per night, you can easily find yourself
traveling around the country without breaking the bank.
1.Which vacation would a thrill seeker most probably choose?
A.Road trip to a local farm.
B.Visit a national park.
C.Plan a camping trip.
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D.Rent an RV.
2.What do the vacations have in common?
A.Wallet-friendly. B.Environment-friendly.
C.Family-friendly. D.User-friendly.
3.What's the unique advantage of renting an RV?
A.It makes your vacation adventurous.
B.It offers free trips around the world.
C.You can kill two birds with one stone.
D.You may have someone to keep you company.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇应用文,主题语境为人与自我,主题语境内容为生活与学习。文章介
绍了非常省钱的四个度假计划。
1.B 细节理解题。根据题干中thrill seeker可定位到Visit a national park部分。根据If
you're up for a challenge, you can climb Half Dome in Yosemite or race down the great
sand dunes in Colorado.可知,寻求刺激的人最可能选择参观国家公园。故选B项。
2.A 推理判断题。根据文章中四个度假计划中的affordable, doesn't cost much和cheap可
知,这四个度假计划都不贵,而wallet-friendly的意思是“省钱”。故选A项。
3.C 推理判断题。根据RV可定位到Rent an RV部分。根据语境可知,用野营车度假意味
着付一次款可以同时解决交通与住宿两个问题,而kill two birds with one stone意思是“一
箭双雕”,符合题意。故选C项。
Passage 7
It was New Year's night. An aged man was standing at a window. He raised his sad
eyes towards the deep blue sky, where the stars were floating like white lilies (百合花)
on the surface of a clear calm lake. Then he cast them on the earth, where few more
hopeless people than himself moved towards their certain goal—the tomb. He had already
passed sixty of the stages leading to it, and he had brought from his journey nothing but
errors and regrets.
The days of his youth appeared like dreams before him, and he remembered the
serious moment when his father placed him at the entrance of the two roads—one leading
to a peaceful, sunny place, covered with flowers, fruits and resounding with soft, sweet
songs; the other leading to a deep, dark cave, which was endless, where poisonous snakes
hissed and crawled.
He saw a star fall from the sky and disappear, and this was the symbol of himself.
His regret, which was like a sharp arrow,struck deeply into his heart. Then he
remembered his friends in his childhood, who entered on life together with him. But they
had made their way to success and were honored and happy on this New Year's night.
With shame and grief he dared no longer look towards that heaven where his father lived.
His darkened eyes were full of tears, and with a despairing effort, he let out a cry,
“Come back, my early days! Come back!”
And his youth did return, for all this was only a dream which he had on New Year's
night. He was still young though his faults were real; he had not yet entered the deep,
dark cave, and he was still free to walk on the road which leads to the peaceful and
sunny land.
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As for those who still remain at the entrance of life,hesitating to choose the bright
road, remember that when years have passed and your feet fall on the dark mountains,
you will cry bitterly, but in vain, “Oh youth, return! Oh give me back my early days!”
1.What does the underlined word “them” in the first paragraph refer to?
A.The lilies. B.The stars.
C.The people. D.The eyes.
2.What do we know about his friends from Paragraph 3?
A.They had also made many mistakes.
B.They kept in close touch with him.
C.They had made major achievements.
D.They looked down on him.
3.What can we say for sure about the young man's father from the dream?
A.His father died.
B.His father lived far away.
C.His father returned home.
D.His father gave him two choices.
4.What does the writer want to remind the readers in the last paragraph?
A.It's no use crying for help.
B.It's vital to value your childhood.
C.They should choose the right way.
D.They should be careful at the entrance of life.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,主题语境为人与自我,主题语境内容为认识自我、丰富
自我和完善自我。一个人梦到了自己命不久矣时后悔自己年轻时没有选择正确的道路,犯了
很多错误,醒来发现这只是一个梦。
1.D 推测词义题。根据第一段第三句中的He raised his sad eyes towards the deep blue
sky及画线词所在句子Then he cast them on the earth...可知,them指代his sad eyes(他悲伤
的眼睛)。故选D项。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 But they had made their way to success and were
honored and happy on this New Year's night.可知,他的朋友们很成功,已经取得很大成绩。
故选C项。
3.A 细节理解题。根据第三段第五句 With shame and grief he dared no longer look
towards that heaven where his father lived.可知,他父亲已经去世。故选A项。
4.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的关键信息 hesitating to choose the bright road,
remember that...“Oh youth, return! Oh give me back my early days!”可知,作者通过举反
例来建议读者选择正确的道路。故选C项。
Passage 8
To improve a high-schooler's chance of getting into a top university, the summer
programs allow young students to explore fields of interest and get a taste of college life.
Telluride Association Summer Program (TASP)
TASP is a six-week program allowing high school freshmen from around the world
to grow their sense of interpersonal awareness and community responsibility. It's
completely free, including the cost of tuition, books and even travel.
Minority Introduction to Engineering and Science(MITES)
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This week-long program aimed at all US high school students can help them develop
the skills necessary for future jobs in engineering and learn about the value and reward of
acquiring advanced technical degrees. MITES is free— the only expense is the
transportation to and from MIT.
Clark Scholars Program (CSP)
High school students coming from across the globe are offered the unique opportunity
to gain hands-on research experience in the mathematics field while working one-on-one
with teaching staff over four intense weeks. Everything is free for chosen applicants
except their meals.
JCamp
The seven-week one brings high school freshmen and sophomores from various
backgrounds together for participating in sessions and workshops led by notable journalists
where students can get hands-on training in journalism. Selected participants only need to
pay for the board.
1.What can be expected of MITES?
A.It is accessible to worldwide students.
B.It lays a foundation for career prospects.
C.It makes no extra charge for transportation.
D.It awards students advanced technical degrees.
2.Which program is suitable for a UK high-schooler with up to 5 spare weeks?
A.TASP. B.MITES. C.CSP. D.JCamp.
3.What is the shared goal of the programs?
A.To seek for one-on-one instruction.
B.To develop a sense of social duty.
C.To get participants better prepared for college.
D.To advertise some majors of the top universities.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇应用文,主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为生活与学习。文章主
要介绍了四个帮助学生为上大学做好准备的暑期项目。
1.B 细节理解题。根据题干中的MITES定位到第三段。根据help them develop the skills
necessary for future jobs in engineering and learn about the value and reward of acquiring
advanced technical degrees可知,MITES有望为职业前景打下基础。故选B项。
2.C 细节理解题。由题干可知,应该选招收英国学生且时间少于五周的项目,根据倒数第二
段可知选C项。
3.C 推理判断题。根据第一段To improve a high-schooler's chance of getting into a top
university, the summer programs allow young students to explore fields of interest and get
a taste of college life.可推知,这些项目的共同目标是让参与者为上大学做更好的准备。故
选C项。
温馨提示 在做题时要特别关注题干中的“shared goal”这一关键信息,它要求考生分析并
判断四个暑期项目的共同目标,学生要避免犯“以偏概全”的错误。
Passage 9
The Nutrition Company on a Special Mission
Pūratae is a socially responsible health and wellness company that was founded on
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the principles of helping others live a more pure, balanced life, while Pūratae is also
doing something that distinguishes itself from other nutrition companies—feeding children
in need around the world.
Their Pure Superblend is a supplement powder designed to be taken in the morning.
Designed to help balance the body in every area, it provides:
—14 supplements that not only provide your essential vitamins and minerals, but also
support a healthy gut (肠道) and increase and stabilize the natural energy of the body.
—10 grams of plant and vegetable-based protein to stabilize blood sugar and maintain
lean mass.
— And, it's natural, allergen-free, and PURE— free of artificial colors, flavors,
preservatives and sweeteners.
It is sold at $3.00 per day, retail;they are also committed to making it affordable. If
you use the discount code for 15% off, it drops to $2.50 per day when you buy your
monthly supply.
With every Pure Superblend purchased, the company provides 10 meals to children in
need. Pūratae currently has giving outreach in 20 countries (including the US and Canada)
and provides over 1,000 meals a day to children in need.
1.What is special about the Pūratae company?
A.Its products are natural and pure.
B.It provides meals to kids in need.
C.It helps consumers live a balanced life.
D.Its products contain essential minerals.
2.How much should you pay if you buy your monthly supply at a discount?
A.About $45. B.About $10.
C.About $90. D.About $75.
3.What's the purpose of the text?
A.To comment. B.To advertise.
C.To offer tips. D.To entertain readers.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇应用文,主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为科学与技术。文章介
绍了一家营养公司Pūratae研发的一种产品Pure Superblend,包括它的成分、功效、价格等
信息。
1.B 细节理解题。根据题干中special一词可定位到第一段。根据Pūratae is also doing
something that distinguishes itself from other nutrition companies—feeding children in
need around the world可知,Pūratae的特别之处在于它为贫困的孩子提供食物。故选B项。
2.D 推理判断题。根据第六段可知,使用折扣的话,每天2.50美元,按月购买需要支付约75
美元。故选D项。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第二段的Their Pure Superblend is a supplement powder designed
to be taken in the morning.以及下文对这款产品的成分、功效以及价格的介绍可以推知本
文的目的是为这款产品做广告,故选B项。
Passage 10
I live in a small town of about 12,000 people. Normally, the streets are busy with
cars, the sidewalks are filled with pedestrians and the stores are filled with shoppers going
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about their business. My home is within sight of Victoria International Airport and we are
used to the background sound of large passenger aircraft arriving and departing.
Restaurants are usually crowded at mealtimes and friends visit back and forth frequently.
However, life is different now.
Most stores here are now closed except for those such as grocery stores that supply
an essential service. You can't have a meal in a restaurant now, although some are still
cooking food you can take home. When I walk through downtown I can wander across
the main street almost any time I please without much danger because there are so few
cars. Even the airport is quiet because people aren't travelling as they used to.
We haven't been told if there are any actual cases of COVID-19 in our town,
although I would be a little surprised if there weren't any. We have a fairly large
proportion of our population made up of senior citizens who are likely to be affected by
the disease. We have five or six long-term care homes for seniors here and the fear is
that if the virus gets into one it will be disastrous.
There is no question that the world has changed. We're lucky, in a sense, because we
saw what happened in China and we learned from that experience. We know to stay at
least two meters away from other people. We know to wash our hands frequently, to wear
face masks and to limit our time in those few stores that are open. It seems to be
working and there is hope that we can soon beat this bug into submission(屈服) but, for
now, it's a strange world. It also makes me wonder if this virus, like the flu virus, will
mutate (突变) almost every year and turn the world into a series of situations like this.
1. What can we learn from the passage?
A.The small town where the author lives has a large population.
B.Most restaurants are usually crowded in spite of the disease.
C.People can walk freely on the streets as there are no cars.
D.It is quite possible for the elderly people to get infected.
2.Why does the author say “We're lucky” in the last paragraph?
A.We lead a normal life as usual.
B.We've learnt a lot from China.
C.We haven't been affected by COVID-19.
D.We are hopeful of defeating the disease.
3.Which section of a magazine may the passage be from?
A.Finance and business.
B.Culture and custom.
C.Health and life.
D.Travel and entertainment.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为社会热点问题。文章主
要叙述了疫情前后作者家乡的变化。
1.D 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的 We have a fairly large proportion of our
population made up of senior citizens who are likely to be affected by the disease.可知,老
年人更容易被传染。故选D。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的 We're lucky, in a sense, because we saw what
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happened in China and we learned from that experience.可知,从某种程度上来说我们是幸
运的,因为我们从中国的经历中已经了解了许多。故选B。
3.C 推理判断题。根据全文大意可知,这是一篇和健康有关的文章。故选C。
Passage 11
Madonna is definitely the Queen of Pop. She released her first album in 1983.And
she quickly became a superstar and a cultural icon(偶像). In her early years, she attracted
criticism for her racy music videos and lyrics. And some of her videos were banned by
MTV and even criticised by the Vatican.
But all the controversy has been good for business. Madonna has sold millions of
albums and is the best-selling female recording artist of all time. And these days, she's as
popular as ever. So how has the Material Girl managed to stay on top?
Many say it's because she constantly changes her style and keeps up with the latest
musical trends. As a result, she's also known as the “Queen of Reinvention”. One
business school professor called her “America's smartest businesswoman”. He said her
secret is “planning, personal discipline and a constant attention to detail”.
But Madonna is more than just a pop star. In 2003 Madonna published The English
Roses, her first children's book. It's about four English girls who make friends with a
poor girl called Binah. The book was the fastest-selling children's picture book ever, and a
New York Times bestseller. Since then, Madonna has written several more books in the
series. How does she find the time? Well, some say the books are ghost-written. Madonna
hasn't commented on that, but she did say her children helped her with the books.
“I tried out all the stories on my children, and whenever they got bored or started
fidgeting(烦躁), I knew I had to fix that part of the story,” she explained.
In the last ten years she's published several children's books, directed two films,
designed a fashion label and opened a chain of gyms. A reporter recently asked her what
she had planned next. Madonna said, “The White House!”
Madonna for President? Who knows? We'll just have to wait and see.
1.Why is Madonna called the “Queen of Reinvention”?
A.Her changeable music can attract criticism.
B.She is expert at creating up-to-date music.
C.She is America's smartest businesswoman.
D.She always focuses her attention on details.
2.What can we know about Madonna's first children's book?
A.It came out twenty years later than her first album.
B.It tells interesting stories about four English girls.
C.It's been the fastest-selling picture book ever since.
D.It was written with the help of the ghost and her kids.
3.What's the purpose of writing this text?
A.To explain Madonna's secrets to her success.
B.To inform readers of Madonna's big future plan.
C.To introduce an American celebrity Madonna.
D.To promote the sales of Madonna's albums and books.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。主题语境为人与自我,主题语境内容为认识自我,丰富自我,完善
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自我。文章介绍了麦当娜出道以来在发行专辑、写书、导演电影等多个领域取得的成就。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Many say it's because she constantly changes her style
and keeps up with the latest musical trends.可知,她不断地改变自己的风格,跟上最新的音乐
潮流。故选B项。
2.A 细节理解题。根据上下文可知,麦当娜的第一张唱片于1983年发行,第一本儿童书于
2003年发行,晚了20年。故选A项。
3.C 主旨要义题。本文介绍了麦当娜出道以来在发行专辑、写书、导演电影等多个领域取
得的成就,即介绍美国名人麦当娜。故选C项。
Passage 12
“You're what you eat.” When people say that, they mean a healthy diet can
improve your health. But the opposite is also true. In fact, if you're in adolescence, eating
junk(垃圾) food can harm your body and your brain.
Junk food affects adolescent brains in ways that damage their ability to think, learn
and remember. It can also make it harder to control impulsive(冲动) behavior, says Amy
Reichelt. It may even up a teen's risk of depression and anxiety, she notes. Reichelt is a
brain and nutrition specialist at Canada's Western University in London, Ontario.
Adolescents are more sensitive than any other age group to foods with much processed
fat and sugar, she says.
She and two other researchers recently reviewed over 100 studies about how poor
food choices can impact adolescent brains. They found that adolescent brains aren't yet
fully formed. And that actually leads to three problems, says Reichelt. First, adolescent
brains are still developing the ability to assess risks and control actions. Second, teen
brains get more pleasure than adult brains do from eating junk food. Third, adolescent
brains can be more easily influenced by their environment, diet, etc. Together, these all
can combine to make junk food both hard to stay away from and extra bad for teen
health.
Other researchers have also found links between brain health and what teenage kids
eat. Felice Jacka, an expert in nutrition at Deakin University in Victoria, Australia, is one
of them. She and her team interviewed over 2,000 11-to 14-year-olds living in London.
Each answered questions about what they ate and how they felt mentally. The researchers
then scored each kid's answers for signs of depression. Adolescents who ate the most junk
food were nearly 50% more likely to show signs of depression. So teenagers should avoid
junk food for the health of their brains, suggested the researchers.
1.What can eating junk food cause according to Reichelt?
A.A poor memory.
B.Too much nutrition.
C.Calmer behavior.
D.Insensitivity to food.
2.Why is it difficult for adolescents to resist junk food?
A.Their thoughts are consistent.
B.Their brains are still immature.
C.They don't care about risks.
D.They are more anxious in life.
3.What were adolescents in Felice Jacka's study asked to do?
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A.Evaluate others' answers.
B.Share workout routines.
C.Eat large amounts of junk food.
D.Report their diets and feelings.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。主题语境为人与自我,主题语境内容为健康的生活方式。文章
讲述了垃圾食品对青少年的危害。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第二段可知,垃圾食品会破坏青少年思考、学习和记忆的能力。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段可知,青少年难以抗拒垃圾食物是因为他们的大脑尚未发育
成熟。
3.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 Each answered questions about what they ate and
how they felt mentally.可知,参与Felice Jacka的研究的青少年被要求说出他们的日常饮食
和感受。
Passage 13
The boss turned down a raise and gave it to his staff instead. Tony Bennett, the
head coach of the University of Virginia (UVA) men's basketball team, was offered a large
pay raise after his team won the national championship in 2019.But to everyone's surprise,
he turned the offer down and requested that the money go to his staff and the basketball
program instead. What's more, he donated $500,000 to the basketball players.
The boss bought an employee a new car. On the night before Alabama student
Walter Carr's first day at Bellhops, a moving company, his car broke down. Nobody could
give him a ride to work, so Carr decided to walk the 20-mile distance overnight. After
seven hours, he arrived right on time. When the boss heard about Carr's unbelievable
story, he drove from Tennessee to Alabama to give the young student a Ford Escape.
The boss forgave a costly mistake. A diner at a British steakhouse had a stroke of
luck when he was accidentally served an expensive bottle of red wine. Instead of blaming
the server who made the mistake, as some might, the boss decided to laugh it off. “To
the customer who accidentally got given a bottle of wine which is ￡4,500 last night,
hope you enjoyed your evening!” the steakhouse tweeted. “ To the server who
accidentally gave it away, cheer up! We love you anyway.”
The boss gave his staff a free trip to Hawaii. Imagine drinking a cocktail on a
sunny, warm beach with 500 of your closest employees. That's how Brian Scudamore, the
founder and CEO of home service provider O2E Brands, chose to spend his vacation in
2017.Back in 2012, Scudamore promised his employees that if they could double the
company's income in five years, he would take them on an all-expenses-paid trip to
Hawaii. Needless to say, they achieved the goal.
1.Which of the following best describes Tony Bennett?
A.Honest. B.Professional.
C.Wealthy. D.Generous.
2.Why did the boss buy a new car to Walter Carr?
A.To make up for his long walk.
B.To praise his moving action.
C.To solve his financial problem.
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D.To call on others to learn from him.
3.Why did the diner at a British steakhouse enjoy expensive wine?
A.He got it as a reward.
B.He liked it very much.
C.He acquired it by accident.
D.He met with a generous boss.
4.What did the four bosses mentioned in the text have in common?
A.They did a nice thing to their employees.
B.They forgave their employees' mistakes.
C.They hoped to double the company's income.
D.They fulfilled their promises to their employees.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。主题语境为人与自我,主题语境内容为优秀品行。文章讲述了
四位老板善待员工的故事。
1.D 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中 he turned the offer down and requested that the
money go to his staff and the basketball program instead. What's more, he donated
$500,000 to the basketball players.可知,Tony Bennett得到了大幅加薪,但出乎意料的是,他拒
绝了,并要求把这笔钱给他的员工和篮球项目。此外,他还捐赠了50万美元给篮球运动员。
由此可知,Tony Bennett慷慨大度。故选D。
2.B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中提到his car broke down....so Carr decided to walk
the 20-mile distance overnight可知,在去公司的第一天前,Walter Carr的车坏了,他连夜步行
20英里去上班。老板听说了这个令人难以置信的故事后,给了Walter Carr一辆新车,为了表
扬他感人的行为。故选B。
3.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中A diner at a British steakhouse...an expensive bottle of
red wine.可知,在一家英国牛排餐厅,由于服务员的失误,给用餐的人端上了一瓶昂贵的红酒。
由此可知,用餐者是偶然有机会享受了一瓶昂贵的红酒。故选C。
4.A 推理判断题。文章提到了四位老板的所作所为,第一位老板放弃加薪,慷慨地将钱给了
员工;第二位老板奖励步行20英里上班的员工一辆新车;第三位老板对员工犯的错误一笑了
之,而不是责备;第四位老板承诺员工如果公司的收入翻番,就让员工免费去夏威夷旅行。由
此推断,这四位老板的共同之处是他们对员工做了件好事。故选A。
Passage 14
Allan T. Demaree, a retired executive editor of the Fortune magazine, gladly makes
donations to Princeton University, his alma mater. His son, who also went to Princeton,
points to its endowment (捐赠基金) of $15.8 billion, and will not give it a penny.
“Why give money to an institution that can seemingly live off its interest when
other very deserving entities need money to function tomorrow?” asked the son, Heath
Demaree, a professor at Case Western Reserve University who instead donates to Virginia
Tech, where he was a graduate student. His question captures how the wealth collected by
elite universities like Princeton through soaring endowments over the past decade has
widened the divide between a small group of dramatically wealthy universities and all
others.
The result is that America's already stratified (形成阶层的) system of higher
education is becoming ever more so, and the gap is creating all sorts of tensions as the
less wealthy colleges try to compete. Even state universities are going into fund-raising
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overdrive and trying to increase endowments to catch up.
The wealthiest colleges can tap their endowments to give considerable financial aid to
families earning $180,000 or more. They can tempt star professors with high salaries and
hard-to-get apartments. They are starting advanced new research laboratories, expanding
their campuses and putting up architecturally notable buildings.
Higher education has always been stratified, but the differences were never as large
as today. The last decade brought a sea of changes, as skilled money managers hired by
the universities moved their portfolios(投资组合) into high-performing investments, and
endowments skyrocketed.
Until recently, top public research universities could rely on enough public subsidy(补
贴) to hold their own, when the taxpayer money was combined with tuition and fund-
raising. But the world is changing.
The University of California, Berkeley has a $3 billion endowment, but it is stretched
across 34,000 students. And with state budget cuts approaching, Robert Birgeneau, its
president, fears he will no longer be able to attract the best professors and students.
“It will cost less for a student from a family with an income of $180,000 to go to
Harvard than for a student with a family income of $90,000 to go to Berkeley,” he said,
taking into account Harvard's recent decision to give more financial aid to families earning
up to $180,000 annually.
1.What do we learn about Heath Demaree?
A.He donated to Virginia Tech.
B.He donated as much as his father.
C.He donated to Princeton University.
D.He donated to Case Western Reserve University.
2.What is said about state universities?
A.They are expanding their campuses.
B.They are raising funds to increase endowments.
C.They manage to attract elite professors and students.
D.They are starting sophisticated new research laboratories.
3.What can we learn about top public research universities at present?
A.They cannot hold their own just with state support.
B.The taxpayer money is combined with tuition and fund-raising.
C.Despite possible state budget cuts, they do not need more endowment.
D.They can depend on enough public subsidy to lure professors and students.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为社会热点问题。文章主
要说明了美国大学的捐赠基金扩大了高等教育之间的差距这一社会现象,这种差距正在造成
各种紧张局势。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中 Heath Demaree, a professor at Case Western Reserve
University who instead donates to Virginia Tech, where he was a graduate student 可知,
Heath Demaree向Virginia Tech进行了捐赠。故选A。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中 Even state universities are going into fund-raising
overdrive and trying to increase endowments to catch up.(即使是州立大学也在加倍努力筹
集资金,试图增加捐赠资金以迎头赶上)可知选B。
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3.A 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段可知,顶尖的公立研究型大学还可以依靠足够的公共补
贴维持自己的办学。但这个世界正在改变。由此可推断,目前顶尖的公立研究型大学仅靠国
家的支持是不能维持的。故选A。
Passage 15
Have you ever wondered if you see the same colours as other people? Most people
know what blue is when they see it. They see the colour and call it “blue” because
they were taught the word and associated it with what they saw. But how do you know
what you see as blue isn't someone else's red?
The ability to perceive colours is down to receptors in our eyes. Light waves hit
these receptors and they react depending on which colour the light is, sending signals to
the brain. The brain then decodes these signals to determine which colour light the eyes
are receiving. Some people's receptors are more developed than others. People with weaker
receptors usually have colour blindness. The inability of the receptor to interpret the light
waves correctly means that some people cannot tell different shades of a colour.
In the past, most scientists would argue that everyone saw colours in the same way.
However, research was conducted on monkeys, in which they were injected with a virus
affecting their receptors. This enabled them to understand more colours than usual and
brought an interesting discovery. Normally monkeys can only see blue and green, but the
virus allowed monkeys to see red. The neurons (神经元) in their brains adapted to be
able to understand new colours, which might mean the neurons in our brains are not
instinctive (本能的) to automatically understand which colour is which. This implies that
our brains and neurons may adapt depending on our stimuli( 刺 激 ) during the
developmental phase. Colour could be a very personal experience, unique to everyone.
So, the next time you talk about your favourite colour, just remember if yours is
blue and your friend says red, you might actually be thinking about the same colour.
What if everyone in the world has the same favourite colour, but just calls it different
names?
1.What does the underlined word “perceive” in paragraph 2 mean?
A.Explain. B.See. C.Analyze. D.Track.
2.Why do some people have colour blindness?
A.They can see many shades of some colours.
B.Their receptors fail to send signals to their brains.
C.There are not enough light waves hitting their receptors.
D.The receptors in their eyes are not well developed.
3.What can we learn from the experiment on monkeys?
A.Monkeys can only see two colours—green and blue.
B.The neurons in monkeys' brain can instinctively distinguish colours.
C.Brains and neurons can be stimulated to recognize new colours.
D.The neurons in humans' brain work differently from monkeys'.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为科学精神。文章主要说
明了眼睛能够看见颜色的原因,以及有的人看见的颜色与其他人不同的原因。
1.B 猜测词义题。根据画线词后文colours is down to receptors in our eyes可知看见颜色
的能力取决于我们眼睛的感受器。由此可知,画线词意思为“看见”。explain解释;see看见;
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analyze分析;track追踪。故选B。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第二段可知,感受器较弱的人通常患有色盲。故选D。
3.C 推理判断题。根据第三段可知,猴子们的大脑中的神经元能够理解新的颜色,这可能意
味着我们大脑中的神经元不是本能地自动理解颜色,而会根据我们在发育阶段的刺激进行调
整适应。由此可知,我们能从猴子身上的实验中了解,可以刺激大脑和神经元来识别新的颜色。
故选C。
Passage 16
Buckingham Palace Tour
Watching the traditional changing of the guard ceremony at Buckingham Palace is a
must when in London, and on this 4.5-hour tour you'll get to experience this event, as
well as other typical British traditions.The package combines three major attractions:the
changing of the guard, a tour of the State Apartments and traditional afternoon tea.The
guided tour passes through St. James's Park before stopping to watch the guard ceremony
with soldiers dressed in traditional uniforms, followed by entry into Buckingham Palace
for an audio tour.After, travelers will head to a luxury hotel for traditional afternoon tea,
scones and sandwiches.
Thames River Sightseeing Cruise
Afternoon tea is a British tradition, and to make this casual, elegant experience even
more relaxing, you can combine it with a sightseeing cruise of London's Thames River,
the main waterway that flows through the heart of the city.Board a window-lined vessel
for an hour-and-a-half voyage from Tower Pier to Westminster that includes traditional tea
services with pastries, scones and sandwiches.The boat will float past iconic sites like the
Tower of London, Big Ben, the Houses of Parliament and the London Eye, as well as
Shakespeare's Globe Theater.On the return, feel free to wander the outside deck for photos
and listen to informative commentary (解说) from the staff.
London Royal Parks Bike Tour
London has some spectacular parks that are located among the city's most famous
attractions and a guided bike tour is a fun and relaxing way to cover a lot of ground
quickly and experience these lovely public spaces.The four-hour, morning or afternoon bike
tour begins in Central London where bicycles and helmets are issued, followed by a
leisurely ride through Westminster to the Houses of Parliament, Westminster Abbey and
Big Ben with narrations from the tour guide followed by busy Trafalgar Square.Next, the
ride heads to all four Royal Parks:Hyde Park, Kensington Palace Gardens, Green Park and
St. James's Park.Before returning to the start, riders can visit the Princess Diana Memorial
at Kensington Palace.
Windsor Castle, Stonehenge and Oxford Day Trip
If you're interested in exploring some of the world-famous attractions outside of
London, consider booking the Windsor Castle, Stonehenge and Oxford Day Trip.The full-
day tour departs from London in an air-conditioned bus, spans about nine hours and
includes three of England's architectural gems.The first stop is the Queen's official
residence:Windsor Castle for audio tours and a chance to see the changing of the guard
followed by free time to explore the streets of Windsor.Next up is a visit to the
mysterious UNESCO site of Stonehenge, followed by a walking tour of the city of
Oxford.Along the way, the guide points out historical landmarks and other attractions and
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provides an in-depth commentary.Food and beverages(饮料) are not included, but you can
pick something up in Windsor.
1.Which tour is the shortest?
A.Buckingham Palace Tour.
B.Thames River Sightseeing Cruise.
C.London Royal Parks Bike Tour.
D.Windsor Castle, Stonehenge and Oxford Day Trip.
2.According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A.Visitors can watch the changing of the guard with the Windsor Castle, Stonehenge and
Oxford Day Trip.
B.A Thames River Sightseeing Cruise can take you through the center of London.
C.You must have your helmet ready before joining the London Royal Parks Bike Tour.
D.The Buckingham Palace Tour will offer afternoon tea in a luxury hotel.
3.All the above tours are in London, except .
A.the Buckingham Palace Tour
B.the Thames River Sightseeing Cruise
C.the London Royal Parks Bike Tour
D.the Windsor Castle, Stonehenge and Oxford Day Trip
4.If you choose the Windsor Castle, Stonehenge and Oxford Day Trip, you may .
A.see three gems
B.visit the Queen's home
C.board a vessel
D.visit the Princess Diana Memorial
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇应用文。主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容为旅游与交通。本文
介绍了一些短途旅游项目。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中 Board a window-lined vessel for an hour-and-a-half
voyage可知,泰晤士河观光项目只需要一个半小时,时间是几个旅游项目中最短的,故答案选
B。
2.C 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中 The four-hour, morning or afternoon bike tour
begins in Central London where bicycles and helmets are issued可知C选项(在参加伦敦皇
家公园自行车之旅之前,你必须准备好头盔。)是错误的。
3.D 细节理解题。根据第四段中 If you're interested in exploring some of the world-
famous attractions outside of London, consider booking the Windsor Castle, Stonehenge
and Oxford Day Trip.可知答案选D。
4.B 细节理解题。根据第四段中The first stop is the Queen's official residence: Windsor
Castle for audio tours and a chance to see the changing of the guard followed by free
time to explore the streets of Windsor.可知温莎城堡是女王的住处。故B项正确。
难句分析 原句:Afternoon tea is a British tradition, and to make this casual, elegant
experience even more relaxing, you can combine it with a sightseeing cruise of London's
Thames River, the main waterway that flows through the heart of the city.
分析:to make this casual, elegant experience even more relaxing是目的状语;the main
waterway that flows through the heart of the city是London's Thames River的同位语,其中
有一个that引导的定语从句。
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译文:下午茶是英国的传统,为了让这种休闲、优雅的体验更加轻松,你可以在流经伦敦
市中心的主要水道泰晤士河乘船游览中体验下午茶。
Passage 17
These beautiful reading spots are best enjoyed with no one for company but the
inhabitants of your favorite fictional worlds...
—By Anna Walker
Women's Library, Glasgow
Rows of books on women's issues throughout history line the shelves of the only
official museum in the UK dedicated to women's lives, histories and achievements and a
number of events across the year transform this library into a living social hub, with
creative writing classes, performance groups, craft sessions and more.
The library's key aim is to support women, with services teaching literacy,
calculations, and handling a range of issues including poverty, and surviving violence.
Visit womenslibraryorg.uk
Sir Duncan Rice Library, Aberdeen
The outside of the modern facility is a huge glass structure—made of 760 glass
panels and 2,200 tons of steel.
The Sir Duncan Rice is also conscious of its carbon footprint;designed to collect
rainwater which is reused to flush its toilets, harvesting power through solar cells on the
roof and using timers to control the use of its fluorescent lighting.
Visit abdn.ac.uk/library
John Rylands Library, Manchester
Created over 100 years ago as a gift to Manchester and its people, the John Rylands
Library welcomes over 250,000 visitors through its doors each year.The project began as
an honor by Enriqueta Rylands to her late husband John Rylands, and has grown to
become the third largest academic library in the UK, home to over a million manuscripts
(手稿).
Modern extensions to the building added since the 2000s create a breathtaking
collision (冲突) of historic and modern architecture.Regular events planned with the whole
family in mind make this library one to visit time and time again.
Visit library.manchesterac.uk/rylands
Wellcome Reading Room, London
Spend an afternoon studying in the Reading Room of London's Wellcome Museum
and you may just find yourself enjoying a side of people-watching with your
literature.With drawing classes, pop-up exhibitions and artistic displays accompanying rows
of educational books, it's an enjoyable spot to visit, revisit and declare your number one
study spot.The impressive stairways and desks are the perfect spot to allow you to pause
and reflect, whatever your library mission is.
Visit wellcomecollection.org/visit-us
1.What do we know about Women's Library in the passage?
A.It is a good place for women to survive violence.
B.People can learn how to earn a better life in classes.
C.Women can promote their relationship and education in the library.
D.Only books on women's issues in modern times can be found in the library.
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2.What is the unique feature of the Sir Duncan Rice Library?
A.It has environment-friendly design.
B.The library is only made of 760 glass panels.
C.People can take writing courses in the library.
D.The outside of the modern facility is a huge steel structure.
3.What information can we probably find when visiting library.manchesterac.uk/rylands?
A.The library has been rebuilt since the 2000s.
B.The library was built in memory of John Rylands.
C.Over a million manuscripts were donated from homes in the UK.
D.It was the third largest academic library in the UK when it was built.
4.Which of the following descriptions of Wellcome Reading Room is correct?
A.It is hardly worth revisiting.
B.People can buy artworks by attending drawing classes.
C.Those coming with different purposes are also admitted to it.
D.Visitors can extend their understanding of the benefit of reading.
5.Which one presents the combination of ancient and modern buildings?
A.John Rylands Library. B.Women's Library.
C.Sir Duncan Rice Library. D.Wellcome Reading Room.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇应用文。主题语境是人与自我,主题语境内容是终身学习。本文介
绍了英国几座城市的图书馆。
1.C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的transform this library into a living social hub(把这个
图书馆变成一个活生生的社交中心)以及第三段The library's key aim is to support women,
with services teaching literacy, calculations, and handling a range of issues including
poverty, and surviving violence.(该图书馆的主要目标是支持妇女,提供教授识字、计算和处
理包括贫困和在暴力中幸存的一系列问题的服务。)可知C项(女性可以在图书馆增进她们
的关系和教育)正确。
2.A 推理判断题。根据第六段 The Sir Duncan Rice is also conscious of its carbon
footprint;designed to collect rainwater which is reused to flush its toilets, harvesting power
through solar cells on the roof and using timers to control the use of its fluorescent
lighting.(邓肯·赖斯爵士图书馆也很在意碳排放量;它的设计目的是收集雨水,再利用雨水冲厕
所,通过屋顶上的太阳能电池收集电能,并使用计时器来控制荧光灯的使用。)可推断出A项
(它有环保的设计)正确。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第八段中的The project began as an honor by Enriqueta Rylands
to her late husband John Rylands(该项目最初是因为恩里克塔·赖兰兹向她已故丈夫约翰·赖
兰兹致敬)可知B项(这座图书馆是为纪念约翰·赖兰兹而建的)正确。
4.C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的 With drawing classes, pop-up exhibitions and
artistic displays accompanying rows of educational books, it's an enjoyable spot to visit,
revisit and declare your number one study spot.可知C项(那些有不同目的的活动也允许进
入图书馆)正确。
5.A 细节理解题。根据第八段中Created over 100 years ago as a gift to Manchester and
its people(它是 100 多年前送给曼彻斯特及其人民的礼物)和第九段第一句 Modern
extensions to the building added since the 2000s create a breathtaking collision of historic
and modern architecture.(自21世纪以来增添的建筑物的现代扩建创造了一次历史建筑和现
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代建筑的惊人碰撞。) 可知选A。
Passage 18
Students of all ages need to have a reliable backpack. And which is your favourite
one?
Amazon Basics Classic Backpack
The Amazon Basics line of products aims to deliver outstanding value by getting rid
of everything that is unnecessary while keeping the most important function that customers
desire.The Classic Backpack may not look like much, but that is a big part of its
appeal.It's cheap and cheerful, lightweight yet long-lasting with Velcro(维可牢搭扣) side
pockets and a large center.With an average rating of 4.5 stars based on over 250 customer
reviews, this is a well-made backpack at a terrific price.
Price:From $18.00
The North Face Refractor Duffel Pack
Want to head off to school with a slightly different backpack that isn't way-out there?
The definitely boxy Refractor Duffel Pack from The North Face offers handles on both
the top and the side, plus the usual shoulder belts, for several ways to carry.The clamshell
design also includes a quick-access pocket in the front and an included tablet sleeve.100%
of reviewers on The North Face online store recommend this product, making it the best-
selling unisex backpack on the site.
Price:$155.00
High Sierra Powerglide Rolling Laptop Backpack
Carrying heavy textbooks and other supplies around all day can get awfully tiring to
the shoulders, back and hips.An easier way to get between classes is with a rolling
backpack like the High Sierra Powerglide.The multi-compartment design includes a
cushioned sleeve for laptops with screens up to 17 inches in size, plus zippered accessory
compartments for quick access.The strange and large bag is recommended by over 90% of
the over 900 customers who reviewed it on eBags.
Price:$60.00
1.What is the most remarkable feature of the Classic Backpack?
A.It has many functions.
B.It doesn't have any spare parts.
C.It is heavy but long-lasting.
D.It only has a large center.
2.What's the convenience of the Refractor Duffel Pack?
A.It is difficult to open and shut.
B.It has extra pockets in the front.
C.It offers different ways to carry.
D.It can be carried from every side.
3.Where is the High Sierra Powerglide different from the others?
A.It has wheels.
B.It is heavy to carry.
C.It can contain textbooks.
D.It has a place to use a computer.
4.What do the three products have in common?
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A.They are all expensive.
B.They are all sold only online.
C.They all have large space inside.
D.They are all given praise by customers.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇应用文。主题语境是人与自我,主题语境内容是创新与创业意识。
本文介绍了三种学生背包产品。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 The Amazon Basics line of products aims to deliver
outstanding value by getting rid of everything that is unnecessary while keeping the most
important function that customers desire.(亚马逊基础产品系列的目标是通过去除所有不必
要的东西,同时保留客户渴望的最重要的功能,实现卓越的价值。)可知B项正确。
2.C 细节理解题。根据文中的The definitely boxy Refractor Duffel Pack from The North
Face offers handles on both the top and the side, plus the usual shoulder belts, for several
ways to carry.(North Face的绝对方方正正的折射筒状帆布包提供了顶部和侧面的提手,加上
常用的肩带,可以以多种方式携带。)可知C项正确。
3.A 细节理解题。根据文中 An easier way to get between classes is with a rolling
backpack like the High Sierra Powerglide.(在课程之间一个更简单的方法是使用像 High
Sierra Powerglide这样的滚动背包。)可知这个背包是有滑轮的,故选A。
4.D 细节理解题。三个产品介绍部分的最后一句分别介绍了各自的受欢迎程度,故答案D
项正确。
Passage 19
It is often said that “a picture is worth a thousand words.” That is certainly true
of the images of fleeting moments of nature submitted by international ecologists and
students for the British Ecological Society's (BES) annual photography competition.Here are
a few of 2019's winning entries.
Red Night
Photographed by Roberto Garcia Roa, it was declared last year's overall winner.The
image captures both the beauty of the magnificent snake and its fear of human threats
like fires.The ecologist says, “During my visit to Madagascar, I had the pleasure of
finding this snake and photographing it.To offer a dramatic scene reflecting the conditions
that these snakes are suffering, I used an external red light as a source of light to capture
the environment.”
The Rhino's Annual Haircut
It was photographed by ecologist Molly Penny.The ongoing demand for rhino (犀牛)
horns has reduced the population to just 30,000 globally.To try to save the species,
ecologists in South Africa, home to over 20,000 southern white rhinos, have decided to
saw off (锯掉) a part of the animals' horns, which regrow every year.“The Rhino's
Annual Haircut,” captured beautifully in the black-and-white photo by Molly Penny from
the University of the West of England, reduces the risk of the animals being cruelly
murdered.
For the Love of Flamingos
Photographed by Peter Hudson, it captures a heart-shaped cloud of pink flamingos in
Kenya, which is truly a sight like none other.The ecologist says, “Flamingos are all legs
and necks but meanwhile beautiful and fascinating and I admit I have a deep passion for
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them, so I was thrilled when, flying high over Lake Magadi, I watched this flock from
themselves into a heart shape.”
Flames in Flumes
Photographed by Nilanjan Chatterjee, it captures a water redstart waiting to catch an
insect near a small waterfall.It was the best overall student submission.The photographer
wanted to show the struggle the river birds are likely to face from the slowdown in water
flow due to planned dams in rivers across India.
1.What can we know about “Red Night”?
A.Roberto Garcia Roa suffered a lot to take it.
B.It describes a snake's suffering in the fire.
C.It won the first place in 2019 BES' photography competition.
D.Roberto Garcia Roa was very frightened when he took it.
2.What may be the topic of “The Rhino's Annual Haircut”?
A.The tips on saving endangered rhinos.
B.The scene of taking part of a horn from a rhino.
C.The cruelty of killing an endangered rhino.
D.The method of helping rhinos to grow a horn again.
3.Where was “For the Love of Flamingos” photographed?
A.In South Africa. B.In Kenya.
C.In India. D.In Madagascar.
4.How is “Flames in Flumes” different from the other pictures?
A.It is a student's work.
B.It was photographed on an island.
C.It is a black-and-white photo.
D.It shows wild animals' suffering.
5.What is the purpose of the text?
A.To introduce a photography competition.
B.To remind us to protect some animals.
C.To warn us of worsening nature.
D.To introduce some winning photos.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。主题语境是人与自然,主题语境内容是人与动植物。本文
介绍了2019年英国生态学会(BES)年度摄影比赛的几幅获奖照片。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句 Photographed by Roberto Garcia Roa, it was
declared last year's overall winner.(这张照片由Roberto Garcia Roa拍摄,被宣布为去年的总
冠军。)可知选C。第二段中并未提及摄影师拍照时的痛苦与恐惧和蛇的痛苦,故不选其他三
个选项。
2.B 细节理解题。文章第三段介绍了犀牛角的需求增加导致犀牛数量下降,生态学家为了
保护这一物种,决定锯掉部分犀牛角。可推断出B项正确。
3.B 细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句 Photographed by Peter Hudson, it captures a
heart-shaped cloud of pink flamingos in Kenya,...可知选B。
4.A 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第二句It was the best overall student submission.(这
是学生提交的最好的作品。)可知A项正确。
5.D 主旨要义题。文章第一段就开门见山地说明了写作目的,就是介绍几幅获奖照片,故D
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项正确。
难句分析 原句:Flamingos are all legs and necks but meanwhile beautiful and fascinating
and I admit I have a deep passion for them, so I was thrilled when, flying high over
Lake Magadi, I watched this flock from themselves into a heart shape.
分析:admit后为省略that的宾语从句;when引导时间状语从句;flying high over Lake
Magadi为现在分词短语作状语,表伴随。
译文:火烈鸟除了腿就是脖子突出,但同时又美丽迷人,我承认我对它们有很深的热情,所
以当我在马加迪湖,看到这群鸟在湖上飞行并变成心形时,我非常激动。
Passage 20
All students are expected to read and learn the school rules.These rules aim to make
each student aware of the value of self-control, orderliness and the need to develop a
sense of responsibility for their own behavior and for the larger community of which they
are a part.
Dress Regulations
The school expects its students to wear their full school uniform correctly and with
pride.It is our expectation that uniform and shoes will be clean and in good repair.Boys'
hair should be combed and of an acceptable length (not over the collar, ears or eyes),
with no artificial coloring.Girls' hair should be of a natural color.Shoulder-length hair must
be tied back.
Absence, Illness and Punctuality
All students must be at school on time.If late, the student must sign in the late book
in the General Office.Parents are asked to inform the school if their child is absent by
8:30 am on the day of absence.A written note from a parent explaining the absence
MUST be provided to the General Office the day after return.
Should a student be ill during school hours he is to go straight to the School
Medical Center.The sister will then take appropriate action.
Safety
◆ Proper behavior is expected within and around buildings and on the sporting field
at all times.
◆ Students are not to enter laboratories, language rooms, the Technics and music
rooms until invited to do so by teachers.
◆ The riding of bicycles or skateboards is prohibited along the front drive.Students
riding bicycles must wear an approved bicycle helmet.
◆ No knives, explosives or dangerous materials may be brought into the school or
boarding houses.
◆ Students are forbidden to interfere with fire safety equipment.An automatic fine
will be imposed if this occurs.
1.The following requirements are listed except .
A.how to wear school uniform in the right way
B.the length of girls' hair
C.being on time
D.the safety at school
2.What shall a student do if he is late?
A.He shall ask his parent to inform the school.
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B.He shall provide his parent's written note to the General Office.
C.He shall go straight to the sister.
D.He shall leave his name in the General Office.
3.In which case does a student have to pay money as a punishment, according to the
school rules?
A.When he plays with the fire safety equipment.
B.When he brings a knife to a boarding house.
C.When he rides a bicycle without a bicycle helmet.
D.When he goes into a language room without permission.
4.What is the purpose of the passage?
A.To point out the importance of the school rules.
B.To introduce the details of the school rules.
C.To tell students the results of breaking the school rules.
D.To make each student aware of the value of self-control, orderliness and so on.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。主题语境是人与自我,主题语境内容是学校生活。本文介
绍了一所学校的校规。
1.B 细节理解题。文章第二段后两句 Girls' hair should be of a natural color.Shoulder-
length hair must be tied back.(女孩的头发应该是自然的颜色。齐肩长发必须扎在后面。)
并未提到女孩子头发的长度,故选B。
2.D 细节理解题。文章第三段中提到If late, the student must sign in the late book in
the General Office.(如果迟到,学生必须在总务处的迟到记录本上签名),故D项正确。
3.A 细节理解题。根据文章最后 Students are forbidden to interfere with fire safety
equipment.An automatic fine will be imposed if this occurs.(禁止学生干扰消防安全设备。
发生上述情形的,自动处以罚款)可知答案选A。
4.B 主旨要义题。本文主要介绍的是学校的校规。故B项正确。D选项是校规本身的作用,
不是文章目的,故为错误选项。
难句分析 原句:Should a student be ill during school hours he is to go straight to the
School Medical Center.
分析:本句是省略if的倒装虚拟语气,完整句子应为:If a student should be ill during
school hours, he is to go straight to the School Medical Center。
译文:如果学生在上课时间生病,他应该直接去学校医疗中心。
Passage 21 词数 344
Subscription:How It Works Magazine
How It Works is a science and technology magazine bursting with exciting
information about our universe and everything in it. Covering a wide range of topics such
as space, nature, science, animals and technology, the magazine is jam-packed with
incredible and breathtaking facts ready to excite your curiosity.
What is inside?
·Global Eye—the latest news, developments and events from the world of science and
technology
·Amazing Images— each issue is loaded with fantastic cutaways, illustrations and
photography
·Features—our in-depth articles explain topics in an exciting and engaging way that
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everyone can understand
·Brain Dump—get the answers to all your burning “how and why” questions in our
reader Q&A section
·How to—your guide to fun experiments and projects to try out at home
Why to subscribe?
·Big Savings
As a subscriber, you'll enjoy big savings on shop prices and the huge convenience of
having every issue delivered hot off the press. There are no hidden costs and all postage
and delivery costs are included in our prices.
·Treat Yourself or Family & Friends
A subscription makes a thoughtful gift for both family and friends straight to their
door. This science and technology magazine helps explore the fascinating world around us.
·Never Miss an Issue
Your subscription can be cancelled at any time within 14 days of the date of
purchase. All members can manage their subscriptions via our self-service website
pocketmags.com.
Choose your preferred subscription package:
Print:$8.93 per issue, $116.00 annually/13 issues
Digital:$2.20 per issue, $28.00 annually/13 issues
Print+Digital:$9.31 per issue, $121.00 annually/13 issues
Where to read the digital?
Your purchase here at pocketmags.com can be read on any of the following
platforms. You can read here on the website or download the app to your platform. Just
remember to log in with your Pocketmags username and password.
Our promise to you:
Best price guarantee:We'll refund the difference if you find it cheaper elsewhere.
You're in control:Manage your subscription online via our dedicated self-service site.
1.In which part of the magazine can you find instructions on experiments?
A.Global Eye. B.Features.
C.Brain Dump. D.How to.
2.How much should you pay if you take out a yearly subscription in print?
A.$121. B.$116.
C.$28. D.$8.93.
3.According to the passage, subscribers of the magazine can .
A.purchase the magazine on the App Store
B.be informed of the latest news in humanity
C.cancel the order within 14 days of its purchase
D.get a full refund if they find it cheaper elsewhere
答案
[语篇解读] 本文的主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容是杂志广告。此文章是一篇杂志订
阅广告。
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1.D 细节理解题。根据What is inside?部分中的How to—your guide to fun experiments
and projects to try out at home可知,在How to部分可以找到关于实验的指导,故选D。
2.B 细节理解题。根据Choose your preferred subscription package部分中Print:$8.93 per
issue, $116.00 annually/13 issues可知,订阅一年的印刷版需要付116.00美元,故选B。
3.C 细节理解题。根据 Why to subscribe?部分中 Never Miss an Issue 的第一句 Your
subscription can be cancelled at any time within 14 days of the date of purchase.可知,该
杂志的订阅用户可以在购买后14天内取消订单,故选C。
Passage 22 词数 391
Emergencies are scary, but there is now a new smart ring on the market that will
quickly call for help when you need it most. Meet Nimb, a ring that includes a panic
button. It lets you send emergency alerts (警报) to preset contacts from its mobile app
with the touch of a thumb. Whether you are being attacked or experiencing a serious
health problem, Nimb will help keep you safe and sound.
Smart Rings to the Rescue
The story behind the development with this new technology is unique and touching.
In 2010, Kathy Roma, who is the co-founder, was violently attacked by a complete
stranger and was on the brink of death. She suffered multiple stab wounds in a safe
neighborhood, just a few feet away from a police station. Her saving grace wasn't just her
fight and drive to survive, but the call for help.
Since then, she has been searching to find a way for others to have a voice when
they're in need of help and has been a driving force in the development of this new
technology. And Nimb is easy to use. All you need to do when you are in trouble is
press its button for three seconds and an instant message will be sent to your contacts.
Your contacts will get instant emergency alerts on their smartphones and tablets. This
smart ring tracks your exact location in real time and your contacts will know where you
are at all times.
Nimb's app includes an alert card, and built-in chat and notification features. The ring
is compatible (兼容的) with Bluetooth 4+, iOS 7+ and Android 4+. It is also equipped
with a rechargeable LiPo Battery that will last about two weeks, and is designed to
withstand water and dust.
Nimb:Stay Safe in Style
What makes this smart ring extra special is that it is cool and futuristic looking. It
comes in two colors:stealth black and classic white. The ring is available in US ring sizes
4—12, which means you can wear it on any of your fingers. There's no doubt that this
new technology will be a hit on the market:everyone wants to have that extra piece of
mind when it comes to health and safety. Nimb retails for $129.
1.Nimb is designed to help users .
A.relieve pain in stressful situations
B.warn friends of surrounding dangers
C.call contacts for help in emergencies
D.keep track of serious health problems
2.Kathy Roma got the idea of Nimb from .
A.her experience of being attacked
B.her desire to have a voice in technology
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C.her dream of founding her own company
D.her drive to survive from a serious disease
3.How do you use Nimb when you are in trouble?
A.By editing an emergency message.
B.By pressing a button for three seconds.
C.By tracking the location of preset contacts.
D.By sending alerts to the smartphones nearby.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文的主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容是科技产品广告。文章介绍了一个
可以帮助用户在危急情况下联系紧急联系人的智能指环——Nimb。
1.C 细节理解题。由第一段的Emergencies are scary, but there is now a new smart ring
on the market that will quickly call for help when you need it most. Meet Nimb, a ring
that includes a panic button. It lets you send emergency alerts ( 警报 ) to preset contacts
from its mobile app with the touch of a thumb.可知,Nimb是为了帮助用户在紧急情况下
呼叫紧急联系人的。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句 The story behind the development with this new
technology is unique and touching.以及后文描述的Kathy Roma被袭击的事可知,她有创造
Nimb的想法是因为她自己被袭击的经历。
3.B 细节理解题。根据第三段的第三句All you need to do when you are in trouble is
press its button for three seconds and an instant message will be sent to your contacts.可
知,使用方法是按下按钮3秒钟。
Passage 23 词数 370
Immersive Van Gogh
From the creators of the blockbuster show in Paris seen by over two million visitors
and still wowing crowds in Toronto, the West Coast premiere (首次公演) of the
Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit will bring the art of Vincent to life in Los Angeles.
Immersive art is not just a technical way to represent videos and audio in huge
spaces. The word “immersive” indicates a deep commitment to intentions which connect
images and sounds in a way that the audience is able to experience a different way of
the art.
True to its name, this exhibition transforms the iconic (象征性的) paintings of Van
Gogh into moving, wall-filling projections. “Immersive Van Gogh” promises half a
million cubic feet of projections that pull from some of the post-impressionist's most
recognizable pieces, including The Bedroom, Sunflowers and, yes, The Starry Night.
You will experience art like never before—lose yourself in entrancing, moving images
that highlight brushstrokes, detail, and color—truly illuminating (照亮) the mind of the
genius.
LOCATION
The Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit is located at a secret place situated in the heart of
Los Angeles. To be announced before the exhibit opens, existing ticket holders will
receive an email with the place name and location once it is made public.
TICKET PRICES
VIP TICKETS— PREMIUM TICKETS—$59.99
$99.99 ●Van Gogh cushion (rental)
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●Priority access
●Van Gogh cushion
(a gift for you) ●Limited edition poster
● Limited edition
poster
CHILD TICKETS—$29.99
BASIC TICKETS—
●Ages 6—16 (children aged 5 and under do not require a ticket)
$54.99
●Admission only
●Admission only
●Child tickets are not subject to change of date fees
Tickets are available online at www.vangoghla.com.
GIFT SHOP
Stop by our Exhibit Gift Shop to take the magic of Van Gogh home with you! From
clothing and jewelry to home décor, children's books, and so much more, you will find
unique and thoughtful souvenirs at the Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit. Also be sure to
check out at our online store!
Experience the organic landscapes of Van Gogh's imagination, and journey through his
brilliance and madness in a completely new and unforgettable way.
1.According to the passage, the Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit .
A.presents Van Gogh's art in a modern way
B.begins a journey to Van Gogh's hometown
C.displays Van Gogh's paintings on moving walls
D.designs projects on Van Gogh's learning experience
2.From where can people find information about the exact location of the exhibit?
A.An email. B.A website.
C.The ticket office. D.The gift shop.
3.How much should a couple with a 5-year-old child who would like to own a Van Gogh
cushion at least pay for the visit?
A.$109.98. B.$154.98. C.$159.98. D.$199.98.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文的主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容是艺术展介绍。文章介绍了沉浸式
梵高作品展。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第二段 Immersive art is not just a technical way to represent
videos and audio in huge spaces. The word “immersive” indicates a deep commitment
to intentions which connect images and sounds in a way that the audience is able to
experience a different way of the art .以及第三段第一句True to its name, this exhibition
transforms the iconic paintings of Van Gogh into moving , wall-filling projections .可知,沉浸
式梵高作品展以一种有别于传统的方式将梵高的作品呈现出来。
2.A 细节理解题。根据LOCATION部分中的To be announced before the exhibit opens,
existing ticket holders will receive an email with the place name and location once it is
made public.可知,通过邮件可以找到有关展览的确切位置的信息。
3.B 细节理解题。根据 TICKET PRICES部分中VIP TICKETS—$99.99中的Van Gogh
cushion (a gift for you),BASIC TICKETS—$54.99 中的 Admission only 以及 CHILD
TICKETS—$29.99中的Ages 6—16 (children aged 5 and under do not require a ticket)可
知,要想拥有一个“Van Gogh cushion”至少一个成人需要购买VIP门票($99.99),另外一个
成人只需购买基础门票($54.99),且孩子不在6—16岁之间,因此不需要支付门票费用,即至少
要付154.98美元。
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Passage 24 词数 318
Skillshare is a video lesson app which has become highly popular nowadays. It will
likely to appeal more to older kids (aged 14+) since classes focus primarily on
professional development with topics like digital design, technology and marketing. There
are also plenty of art and music classes for more creative learners. Read the developer's
privacy policy for details about how your kid's information is collected, used and shared,
and any choices you may have in the matter, and this privacy policy applies to all users.
What is it about?
Skillshare has a large database of online lessons taught by industry experts. Kids can
search for a class by topic or by entering key words. Each class contains a series of
video lessons that are taught as a lecture. Some classes have only a few lessons, while
others have 10 or more. In fact, one guitar class has more than 100 lessons. Many
classes include projects, and most end with a brief Final Thoughts lesson to sum up the
content of the class. There's a review section where users can leave advice. Kids can
watch the lessons within that class directly from the app. They can also save classes to
watch later, and any classes they begin are automatically saved to a watch list. Many
classes are offered in the free version of the app, and a paid version gives users access
to a much more extensive class list—more than 28,000 lessons.
Is it any good?
All the teachers in the app are passionate about their work, so it's an excellent way
to foster the same passion in your kids, as long as there is a genuine interest in the
content being offered.
What kind of membership are you interested in?
1 month 6 months 12 months 36 months
$14.99 per $12.99 per $10.99 per $6.99 per
month month month month
You can cancel any time.
Email address for contact:skillshare@gdpr-rep.com.
1.The passage is intended for .
A.kids B.parents
C.teachers D.industry experts
2.How much should you pay monthly for an annual membership?
A.$14.99. B.$12.99. C.$10.99. D.$6.99.
3.What can we learn from the passage?
A.Skillshare allows curious older kids to learn at their own pace.
B.The privacy policy is limited to the registered members of Skillshare.
C.Subscribers can only cancel the order within one month of the purchase.
D.Each class has more than 100 career-related lessons in the Skillshare app.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文的主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容是软件广告介绍。文章介绍了一款
非常流行的视频教学应用程序Skillshare。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句 Read the developer's privacy policy for details
about how your kid ' s information is collected, used and shared, and any choices you may
have in the matter, and this privacy policy applies to all users.可知,文章的阅读对象是家
长。
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2.C 细节理解题。根据What kind of membership are you interested in?部分中的表格内
容可知,一年的会员每个月需交10.99美元。
3.A 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句 It will likely to appeal more to older kids (aged
14+) since classes focus primarily on professional development...以及What is it about?部
分中的Kids can watch the lessons within that class directly from the app . They can also
save classes to watch later , and any classes they begin are automatically saved to a watch
list.可推知,Skillshare允许较大的孩子按照自己的节奏学习。故选A。
Passage 25 词数 318
As part of our mission to inspire the next generation of scientists, inventors and
engineers, the Science Museum Group (SMG) has launched an exciting new online game
—Total Darkness.
Over the last year we have been developing Total Darkness with the aim of creating
an experience that can have a positive impact on people's attitudes towards STEM
(science, technology, engineering and maths), as well as having a focus on self-reflection,
rather than asking players to recall specific facts or concepts.
Total Darkness is a digital storytelling experience which encourages young people to
recognise how the skills they use every day relate to STEM and can help them develop
their confidence in science thinking. The game invites the player to solve a mysterious
power cut in their hometown. The game puts players in control, allowing their choices
and decisions to guide them through the story.
a torch
As the player navigates through the darkened streets of the town, equipped only with
a torch, they will face various challenges. Using their curiosity, communication skills and
creative problem solving, they will discover new theories about what might have caused
the blackout(停电;断电). But with every step their torch fades, and the player must solve
the mystery before the battery runs out.
The player's choices and actions throughout the game will get them curiosity,
creativity or communication points. At the end, the skills the player has used will be
revealed along with their science style, showing how they could put their skills into action
in the real world.
Total Darkness is aimed at 8 to 15 year-olds—an important stage in teens' science
development. Research shows that as teens make the step between primary and secondary,
many move away from an interest in science as other influences have a stronger pull in
their lives.
Total Darkness is a free online game playable on smartphones and desktops. Play
now at totaldarkness.sciencemuseum.org.uk.
1.Total Darkness aims to help players .
A.recall scientific concepts
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B.better understand STEM
C.improve storytelling abilities
D.develop communication skills
2.What's the key to getting points in Total Darkness?
A.Judgement.
B.Teamwork.
C.Equipment.
D.Gaming skills.
3.What is the main purpose of the passage?
A.To promote a new product.
B.To introduce the SMG's mission.
C.To explain the rules of an online game.
D.To emphasize the importance of STEM.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文的主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容是网络游戏。文章向大众介绍了一
款网络游戏——《完全黑暗》。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段 Over the last year we have been developing Total
Darkness with the aim of creating an experience that can have a positive impact on
people ' s attitudes towards STEM (science, technology, engineering and maths), as well as
having a focus on self-reflection, rather than asking players to recall specific facts or
concepts.可知,《完全黑暗》旨在帮助玩家更好地理解STEM。
2.A 细节理解题。第五段第一句 The player ' s choices and actions throughout the game
will get them curiosity, creativity or communication points.中的choices与A项对应。
3.A 主旨要义题。根据最后一段 Total Darkness is a free online game playable on
smartphones and desktops. Play now at totaldarkness.sciencemuseum.org.uk.以及全文对这款
游戏的优点的介绍可知,本文目的是推销(promote)这款游戏产品。
Passage 26 词数 315
To increase your chances of landing an assignment for a travel guidebook, you need
to find out what the publishers are looking for. Here are links to their submission
guidelines with a few special requirements and tips.
Fonor's
Fonor's is a publishing company of both travel guidebooks and online content
covering thousands of destinations worldwide. Visit Fonors.com/about-us, and near the
bottom of the page you'll find “Write for Us” with information for submitting articles.
Do remember to attach a copy of one of your other works when contributing.
TIP:Fonor's almost always hires writers who live in the destinations they cover. So,
it's good to remember:While you may want to write about a foreign destination, more than
likely you're closer to being an expert on the place where you live.
Workman
Workman publishes unique and unexpected travel guides such as 1,000 Places to See
Before You Die, and The Food Lover's Guide to Paris. Consider them if you're interested
in writing a nontraditional travel guide. You can find their submission guidelines at
workman.com/work-with-us. They require a typical nonfiction book proposal with a
suggested table of contents and author information. A chapter of your other books is also
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required. Send your submissions to submissions@workman.com.
TIP:If they don't accept your article, you might be lucky enough to get feedback
about why.
Lonely Planet
Writers can get in touch with Lonely Planet by visiting their “ Become a
Contributor” page at LonelyPlanet.com/contribute. At that page you'll find a form asking
for a résumé (简历) and links to your other writing, but there's also space for more
travel-related information such as geographical knowledge and level of fluency in relevant
languages.
TIP:You'll find they also accept articles for “Travel News”. If they say yes, you
may get another chance of a bigger job such as a guidebook.
For more information on publishers, please visit ContributorsDigest.com.
1.The passage is mainly for .
A.guides B.writers
C.travelers D.publishers
2.Who provides advice on how to improve articles?
A.Fonor's. B.Workman.
C.Lonely Planet. D.Contributor's Digest.
3.What is required by all the companies?
A.Geographical knowledge. B.Nontraditional ideas.
C.Overseas experience. D.Previous writing.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文的主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为出版社信息。文章介绍了三个出
版社接收文章的标准、网址、特殊要求及相关提示。
1.B 推理判断题。Lonely Planet 中明确提到了 Writers can get in touch with Lonely
Planet...At that page you'll find a form asking for a résumé and links to your other
writing,因此这篇文章主要面向的是作家。
2.B 细节理解题。根据Workman部分中的If they don't accept your article, you might be
lucky enough to get feedback about why.可知,Workman会对如何改进文章给出建议。
3.D 细节理解题。根据Fonor's部分中第一段最后一句Do remember to attach a copy of
one of your other works when contributing.和 Workman 部分中第一段倒数第二句 A
chapter of your other books is also required.以及Lonely Planet部分中第一段第二句中的
At that page you'll find a form asking for a résumé and links to your other writing 可知,
所有公司都要求作者提供之前的作品。
Passage 27 词数 322
To:David Russel<drusell@mmail.org>
From:Alyssa Meller<ameller@jtext.com>
Date:January 12
Subject:Meetings
Dear Mr. Russel,
Welcome to work here for a few days. I am writing to let you know that Roger
Williams, one of our staff members, will pick you up at the airport on Sunday evening.
We have a hotel arrangement for you just next to our office building. As a popular writer
of children's literature, you will be giving a presentation in our boardroom. All of us are
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expecting the new contents in your books, which will surely include your understanding of
children's literature. We hope to learn more from you about how to efficiently organize
contents and develop written communication skills. At your request, I was about to
arrange several meetings with your coauthors to discuss revisions to your series of
children's stories, which will be an important part during your stay here. Because of the
tight schedule, you will probably have some busy days here. But we will try our best to
ensure that you can have high efficiency. All details are provided below.
9:00 a.m. Presentation on new contents
Mon. Lunch meeting with Thomas
11:00 a.m.
Wood (illustrator)
Breakfast with Gary Willson
9:30 a.m.
(book designer)
Conference call with Scott
Tue. 11:20 a.m. West (the CEO of Walter
Publishing)
Meeting with Hank Willis
2:00 p.m.
about some of the chapters
Meeting with Georg Hoffmann
9:00 a.m. to translate some documents
Wed. into English
Editing session with Jose
11:00 a.m.
Wright
After the final meeting on Wednesday, we will drive you to West Town Station by 4:00
p.m. Your train from the station to the airport will depart at 4:30 p.m. and your flight is
scheduled to leave at 6:10 p.m.
If there is anything unsuitable for the arrangement, please let me know and we will adjust
the schedule as soon as possible.
Looking forward to meeting you next week.
Alyssa
1.What is the purpose of the email?
A.To provide a work schedule.
B.To make a travel arrangement.
C.To propose an adaptation of the storybooks.
D.To inform Mr. Russel of a schedule change.
2.What can we learn about Mr. Russel?
A.He is attending a book fair.
B.He is drafting a research proposal.
C.He is advertising children's storybooks.
D.He is working with others on a project.
3.When is Mr. Russel expected to discuss the contents of his storybooks?
A.At 11:00 a.m. on Monday.
B.At 11:20 a.m. on Tuesday.
C.At 2:00 p.m. on Tuesday.
D.At 9:00 a.m. on Wednesday.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文的主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容是活动安排。文章是Alyssa Meller
写给儿童作家David Russel的一封邮件,介绍了工作安排、活动内容和时间安排等事项。
1.A 主旨要义题。根据信件第一段倒数第三句和第四句 At your request, I was about to
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arrange several meetings with your coauthors to discuss revisions to your series of
children's stories, which will be an important part during your stay here. Because of the
tight schedule, you will probably have some busy days here.以及下文的表格(时间和工作
内容)可知,这封邮件的目的是为对方提供一个工作安排表。
2.D 细节理解题。根据信件第一段倒数第四句 At your request, I was about to arrange
several meetings with your coauthors to discuss revisions to your series of children ' s
stories, which will be an important part during your stay here.可知,Russel先生正在和别人
一起做一个(有关儿童故事系列丛书的)项目。
3.C 细节理解题。根据时间表中Tue.部分的2:00 p.m.中的内容Meeting with Hank Willis
about some of the chapters 可知,星期二下午两点Russel先生将讨论他的故事书的内容。
Passage 28 词数 407
It was a reading class. While all her classmates were flying through the 2nd and 3rd
books in the Harry Potter series, Skye Malik, only on page four of the first book, got
impossibly stuck on the word “doughnut”.
Her unexpected difficulty with reading is called dyslexia. Skye got a professional
diagnosis at the end of the 2nd grade. Knowing that other kids were going through the
same thing made it easier on her somehow. What wasn't easy, even after all the help she
got from special tutors and reading programs, was fluent reading. What many people do
without thinking—reading—she had to struggle with word by word, sometimes letter by
letter. In class, she would hear the other kids flip through the pages on assignments and
go on to the questions while she was still battling with the first paragraph.
She was as frustrated as she was discouraged. But she didn't know of any other way
until her 4th grade teacher, Miss Pollock, told her about something called Learning Ally.
Learning Ally is a non-profit organization that offers audio-books. A crew of
volunteer readers have recorded 75,000 classic novels, children's books, and school
textbooks that help more than 300,000 students and adults with dyslexia or who are blind.
Now Skye could listen to the books with her ears and follow the words with her eyes on
the page. Instead of having her mother read her textbooks to her, she could independently
do her work. “With Learning Ally, I feel confident and capable and can easily keep up
with my classmates,” Skye explains, “and I want other kids to feel empowered, just the
way I did.”
So Skye created The Paco Project which was named after her grandfather, whose
nickname was “Paco”. The Paco Project is a fundraiser and educational initiative
focusing on giving students with dyslexia access to the same Learning Ally technology
that changed her life.
Skye has realized that she is one of the lucky kids who have been diagnosed. She
knows that educating teachers about dyslexia and giving students with the learning
challenge the tools they need is a great first step in meeting dyslexia head-on, and
helping them be confident, capable students.
“Right now they feel ashamed, unsure and insecure about their school work. If I
could help stop these students feeling this way, that would mean the world to me.”
1.According to the passage, Skye .
A.found out a way with the help of Miss Pollock
B.felt annoyed at being teased by her classmates
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C.preferred reading the first book of Harry Potter
D.was diagnosed with dyslexia in her fourth grade
2.The Paco Project was created .
A.to promote Learning Ally technology
B.to empower those with reading difficulties
C.with inspiration from Skye's grandfather
D.in response to the growing demands of teachers
3.The passage is mainly about .
A.what people with dyslexia are suffering
B.what measures are needed to beat dyslexia
C.how Learning Ally influenced people with dyslexia
D.how Skye battled against dyslexia and helped others
答案
[语篇解读] 本文的主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容是公益事业与志愿服务。一个被诊
断为诵读困难的孩子Skye逐渐克服了诵读困难带来的问题,并创立了Paco项目,希望帮助更
多的有诵读困难的人。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句But she didn't know of any other way until her 4th
grade teacher, Miss Pollock, told her about something called Learning Ally .可知,Skye 在
Pollock老师的帮助下找到了解决办法。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句 The Paco Project is a fundraiser and educational
initiative focusing on giving students with dyslexia access to the same Learning Ally
technology that changed her life .可知,Paco项目是为了帮助那些有诵读困难的人而创立的。
3.D 主旨要义题。一个被诊断为诵读困难的孩子Skye逐渐克服了诵读困难带来的问题。
之后,她创立了Paco项目,希望借此帮助更多的有诵读困难的人。本文主要讲述了Skye是如
何与诵读困难作斗争并帮助他人的。
Passage 29 词数 353
Thank you. It's my great honor to be given this award.
You cannot imagine that I have always been a late starter. Years ago, when I was
16, I took an important exam—GCE (General Certificate of Education), which turned out
to be a failure. My dad was reading my report card and saw that my position in class
was 29th, but the number in class was 29.It meant that I had achieved the distinction of
being bottom of my class.
I wasn't lazy, and I was really trying. You can picture how I felt. Dad put his hand
on my shoulder and said, “You can only do the best you can, but whatever you decide
to do, make sure you love it.” He was a really sweet guy and a great man. I knew his
attempt to hide his disappointment with some of his encouraging words. I was depressed
for a week, but his advice was a wake-up call.
Fortunately I love working with my hands, and I was good at two things:woodwork
and art, and I really loved to draw and paint. I was quite talented. Dad strongly
encouraged me to go to art school, which in those days wasn't the obvious place that a
father would suggest.
So I got into Hartlepool College of Art. The college was a revelation, the passionate
teachers there, who were extremely interested in the students, not just tolerating them but
actually engaging with them. It was a world apart from my schooling until then. It's
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extraordinary what an enthusiastic teacher can do, drawing the students out, lighting
independence, and encouraging a design of your own future, rather than waiting for
something to happen. I'm honored to have become one of these passionate teachers years
later.
My teachers inspired me, and thanks to my dad, here I am tonight. I think I should
mention all the talents I have worked with over time, and to my kids and my wife
Giannina, thank you.
Thank you for this great award. I shall find a very special place for it.
1.How did the author feel after taking GCE?
A.Happy. B.Upset.
C.Tired. D.Relieved.
2.What did Hartlepool College of Art impress the author most?
A.The teachers were strict with students.
B.The students set good examples for each other.
C.The teachers inspired students' passion for learning.
D.The students got prepared for their lessons independently.
3.The author gave this speech to .
A.share his career choice
B.explain his teaching methods
C.describe his life experience
D.show his appreciation
答案
[语篇解读] 本文的主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容是演讲。文章是一篇获奖演讲。
1.B 细节理解题。结合第二段第二句 Years ago, when I was 16, I took an important
exam—GCE (General Certificate of Education), which turned out to be a failure. 和第三段
第二句 You can picture how I felt .以及第三段最后一句中的I was depressed for a week可
知,作者考试失利,感到很沮丧(upset)。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第五段中 The college was a revelation, the passionate teachers
there, who were extremely interested in the students , not just tolerating them but actually
engaging with them .和It's extraordinary what an enthusiastic teacher can do, drawing the
students out , lighting independence , and encouraging a design of your own future 可知,这
所学校给作者留下的最深的印象是那里的老师会激发学生学习的热情。
3.D 主旨要义题。文章的开头和结尾部分反复提到感谢(Thank you),整段演讲对老师、父
亲等身边人充满感激,因此作者演讲的主要目的是表达感激之情(appreciation)。
Passage 30 词数 342
Nick Torrance, a junior in high school, suffers from muscular dystrophy (肌肉萎缩症),
and attends school in a specialized wheelchair. The muscle disease prevents him from
accomplishing many everyday tasks, such as carrying his books and putting things away
in his locker. So he had a fellow student assigned to help him. But Amy Smith, the
school's occupational therapist (治疗师), thought that being able to do something simple
like opening his locker on his own would be empowering.
Amy initially thought they would be able to buy a device to help. But searching
online turned up nothing that could meet their needs—everything needed a keycode or
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some other physical action, things her disabled student couldn't do. After the outside
search for a method came up short, she looked within the school itself for an answer.
Amy turned to the school's robotics instructor.
The instructor, in turn, suggested that two of his most capable students take on the
project:Micah Stuhldreher and Wyatt Smrcka. They took first place in a national robotics
competition, so they were a natural choice to tackle the locker door problem with a
robotics solution. Micah and Wyatt wasted no time getting down to work and for an hour
each school day, the boys brainstormed, built, and rebuilt various versions of the device
until they found the perfect solution one year later.
Like in any device development, it took a lot of trial and error for Micah and Wyatt
to make something that would work for their target audience. For example, they initially
built a locker-opening button, but Nick wasn't strong enough to push it, so they replaced
it with a sensor.
Now, between classes Nick steers his electric wheelchair to his locker and waves his
hand over a sensor on the arm of the wheelchair. A few seconds later, the locker door
swings open. Another wave closes the door. Nick can make it with ease—it may be a
small thing, but it gives him a sense of independence.
1.Why did Amy Smith want a device?
A.To increase her student's confidence.
B.To encourage cooperation at school.
C.To inspire a robotics invention.
D.To help treat muscle disease.
2.With a sensor in his wheelchair, Nick can .
A.move around easily
B.put his things away
C.continue his schooling
D.open and close his locker
3.According to the passage, which words can best describe Micah and Wyatt?
A.Caring and passionate.
B.Talented and ambitious.
C.Sensitive and insightful.
D.Humble and warmhearted.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文的主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容是人际关系。患有肌肉萎缩症的
Nick Torrance在学校的职业治疗师Amy Smith和其他学生的帮助下最终可以自己在轮椅上
开关储物柜。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句 But Amy Smith, the school's occupational
therapist(治疗师), thought that being able to do something simple like opening his locker
on his own would be empowering.可知,Amy Smith想要这样一个装置是为了增加学生的信
心。
2.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 Now, between classes Nick steers his electric
wheelchair to his locker and waves his hand over a sensor on the arm of the wheelchair.
A few seconds later, the locker door swings open. Another wave closes the door.可知,有
了轮椅上的传感器,Nick可以打开和关闭他的储物柜。
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3.A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 Micah and Wyatt wasted no time getting down to
work and for an hour each school day, the boys brainstormed, built , and rebuilt various
versions of the device until they found the perfect solution one year later.可推知,Micah和
Wyatt在帮助同学这件事情上投入了很多的时间和精力,不断尝试,说明他们是乐于助人
(caring)并且有热情的(passionate)人。
Passage 31 词数 434
Vaccines (疫苗) may soon make their first film appearance. Led by expert Maria
A.Croyle, researchers have developed a thin sheet that preserves vaccines for long periods
without refrigeration. This means the carefully cooled small bottles now used to ship
vaccines could potentially be replaced by lightweight films that can be mailed in an
envelope and stored on a shelf.
Croyle's laboratory began developing the technology in 2007. Inspired by amber's
ability to preserve the DNA of insects, the researchers set out to create their own version
of the substance by mixing “a lot of sugar and a little bit of salt, much like hard
candy,” Croyle explains. The vaccine-containing film is administered by mouth—sweet
news for many who dislike needles.
The film is tailored to suit each specific vaccine candidate and provide a protective
coating. “We've learned over time that the key to really stabilizing whatever the film
holds is to have it intermixed with all the components,” Croyle says, adding that the
process is quick and uses affordable, standard equipment. “We really wanted to come up
with something that would be transferable to developing countries.”
Immunization (免疫) programs depend heavily on keeping vaccines cold(2℃—8℃) as
they are transported, sometimes over thousands of kilometers to faraway locations.
Delivery can be difficult and costly, and transport disruptions can cause the vaccines to be
ineffective.
But this new product can store live viruses, bacteria and antibodies for several
months at 20℃. In a paper published in Science Advances, the scientists show that the
live viruses in one vaccine were preserved in the film even after 36 months. They also
find that a flu vaccine suspended in their film compares favourably with a traditional flu
shot(流感预防针). “The study demonstrates the early proof of concept for an exciting
platform for vaccine product development,” says Lisa Rohan, a pharmacologist, who was
not involved in the study. She also notes that each vaccine type would need a custom
formulation (配方) for future stages of development.
Finding partners to mass-produce them for clinical trials is the researchers' most
pressing problem, Croyle says. They are also exploring packaging methods to keep their
films stable up to 40℃.
Size is a major advantage—a letter-sized sheet of the film can carry more than 500
doses (剂) of vaccines, about 1,900 the weight of the same amount of traditional doses.
By making it easier and cheaper to ship and preserve vaccines efficiently, Croyle says, the
technology could vastly improve immunization rates the world over, particularly in middle-
to low-income countries.
1.What can we learn about the film?
A.It contains animals' DNA.
B.It will replace vaccines.
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C.It comes in different flavours.
D.It can hold bio-products.
2.According to Paragraph 3, we can learn about the film's .
A.key component
B.development schedule
C.possible advantages
D.transportation requirements
3.The author mentions Lisa Rohan's words to .
A.advise personalizing vaccines
B.suggest the product is promising
C.prove the study is supported widely
D.stress the functions of a new platform
4.What will be the next urgent task for Croyle's team?
A.Advertising the film worldwide.
B.Improving the film's capacity.
C.Reducing the shipping cost.
D.Seeking ideal manufacturers.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文的主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为科技发展。Croyle带领的科研团
队研发出了一种可以长时间保存疫苗而无需冷藏的薄膜。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句 Led by expert Maria A.Croyle, researchers have
developed a thin sheet that preserves vaccines for long periods without refrigeration . 可知,
这种薄膜可以在不冷藏的情况下长时间保存疫苗(生物制品)。
2.C 主旨要义题。线索在第三段第一句The film is tailored to suit each specific vaccine
candidate and provide a protective coating .(这种薄膜是特制的,适合每一种特定的候选疫苗,
并提供保护涂层。)以及第二句中 the process is quick and uses affordable, standard
equipment(这一过程是快速的,使用了负担得起的标准设备),这些都与薄膜的优势有关。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第五段倒数第二句中的The study demonstrates the early proof of
concept for an exciting platform for vaccine product development 可以看出,虽然药理学家
Lisa没有参与此研究,但她对这项研究的评价是积极的,作者通过她对研究的肯定来暗示这个
产品很有前途。
4.D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句中的 Finding partners to mass-produce them for
clinical trials is the researchers' most pressing problem可知,Croyle团队的下一个紧急任务
是寻求理想的制造商。
Passage 32 词数 460
Humans' overconsumption of resources is a leading contributor to global climate
change, says University of Arizona researcher Sabrina Helm. Therefore, it's increasingly
important to understand the choices consumers make and how those decisions affect the
health of a planet with limited resources. In a new study, published in the journal Young
Consumers, Helm and her colleagues explore how materialistic values influence pro-
environmental behaviors in millennials, who are now the nation's most influential group of
consumers.
The researchers focused on two main categories of pro-environmental
behaviors:reduced consumption, which includes actions like repairing instead of replacing
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older items, and green buying, or purchasing products designed to limit environmental
impacts. The researchers also looked at how engaging in pro-environmental behaviors
affects consumer well-being.
More materialistic participants, the researchers found, were unlikely to engage in
reduced consumption. However, materialism did not seem to have an effect on their
likelihood of practicing green buying. That's probably because green buying, unlike
reduced consumption, still offers a way for materialists to fulfill their desire to get new
items, Helm said.
Study participants who reported having fewer materialistic values were much more
likely to engage in reduced consumption. Consuming less was, in turn, linked to higher
personal well-being and lower psychological suffering. Green buying—which may have
some positive environmental effects, although to a smaller degree than reduced
consumption—was not found to improve consumer well-being, Helm said.
The take-home message for consumers:“The key is to reduce consumption and not
just buy green stuff. Having less and buying less can actually make us more satisfied and
happier,” Helm said. “If you have a lot of stuff, you have a lot on your mind,” she
said. “For example, it requires maintenance and there's a lot of burdens of ownership,
and if you relieve yourself of that burden of ownership, most people report feeling a lot
better and freer.”
Helm and her colleagues additionally looked at how materialism affects millennial
consumers' proactive financial behaviors, such as budgeting and saving. “ Examining
financial behaviors alongside pro-environmental behaviors provides a picture of how young
adults proactively deal with resource limitations in two contexts:environmental and
financial,” Helm said.
As expected, Helm and her colleagues found that those who reported having more
materialistic values engaged in fewer proactive financial behaviors than their less
materialistic counterparts (对应的人). The researchers also found that, consistent with
previous studies, proactive financial behaviors were associated with better personal well-
being, life satisfaction and financial satisfaction, as well as lower psychological suffering.
Understanding how materialistic values impact consumer behaviors, and how those
behaviors in turn affect personal and environmental well-being, is important, Helm said.
However, she acknowledges that for many consumers, shifting behaviors to be more
financially proactive and consume less will be challenging.
1.What do we know about pro-environmental behaviors?
A.They are a cause of climate change.
B.They lead to a more satisfying life.
C.They vary in different age groups.
D.They are affected by materialism.
2.It can be learned from Helm's study that .
A.ownership of green products brings a sense of happiness
B.materialists prefer practicing green buying to buying less
C.green buying helps control people's desire to buy new items
D.buying less and green buying have similar effects on people
3.According to the study, which of the following can improve one's well-being?
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A.Replacing older items.
B.Developing new resources.
C.Buying greener products.
D.Being careful with expenses.
4.What is Helm probably going to explain in the next paragraph?
A.When people develop proactive financial behaviors.
B.Which financial behaviors lead to mental well-being.
C.Why it is hard to change people's financial behaviors.
D.How materialistic values influence financial behaviors.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文的主题语境为人与自然,主题语境内容为人类生存与环境的关系。文章阐
述了物质主义价值观对环保行为的影响以及与个体幸福感之间的关系。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句In a new study, published in the journal Young
Consumers, Helm and her colleagues explore how materialistic values influence pro-
environmental behaviors in millennials, who are now the nation's most influential group of
consumers.可知,物质主义价值观对环保行为产生了影响。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句 More materialistic participants, the researchers
found, were unlikely to engage in reduced consumption . However, materialism did not
seem to have an effect on their likelihood of practicing green buying. 可知,物质主义者不
太可能减少消费,但他们愿意“绿色购买”。
3.D 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句 Consuming less was, in turn, linked to higher
personal well-being and lower psychological suffering.可知,不崇尚物质、消费少的个体幸福
感更高。
4.C 推理判断题。最后一段最后一句 However, she acknowledges that for many
consumers, shifting behaviors to be more financially proactive and consume less will be
challenging.提到改变消费行为很难,由此可推知,Helm在下一段中会解释这一观点的原因,即
为什么转变人的财务行为很难。
长难句 In a new study, published in the journal Young Consumers, Helm and her
colleagues explore how materialistic values influence pro-environmental behaviors in
millennials, who are now the nation's most influential group of consumers.发表在《年轻消
费者》杂志上的一项新研究中,Helm和她的同事探讨了物质主义价值观如何影响千禧一代
的环保行为,这一代人现在是美国最具影响力的消费者群体。
这是一个主从复合句。how引导宾语从句,作explore的宾语;从句中who引导非限制性
定语从句,修饰先行词millennials,关系词在从句中作主语。
Passage 33 词数 351
Craig Foster was diving in bitterly cold waters off the southernmost tip of Africa
when he saw her—an octopus hiding under shells and stones.
Deeply attracted, he began following this incredibly shy creature. He kept coming
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back every day to the same place where he first met her, trying to stay very still in her
presence. For weeks she refused him:hiding in her home, or pushing her liquid body into
the nearest crack to escape. And then, after Foster's dogged persistence for 26 days, she
reached out and touched him.
In the documentary “My Octopus Teacher”, this tender moment moves you in a
way you never thought an octopus tentacle (触手) wrapped around a human hand could.
The nature documentary won the Oscar For Best Documentary Feature.
“If you gain the trust of that animal over a period of months, it will actually ignore
you to a certain degree and carry on with its normal life, and allow you to step inside
its secret world,” Foster says in his documentary.
We see her outsmarting a shark by riding on its back, growing a new tentacle after
surviving a shark attack, and finally wasting away after laying her eggs. “The octopus
showed me many behaviors that were completely new to science,” Foster says.
After years of filming some of the planet's most dangerous animals, Foster was burnt
out, depressed, and disconnected. “I was struggling. My only way to heal felt like I
needed to be in the ocean, my go-to happy place as a child,” he says.
Completely involving himself in the underwater world has calmed his mind. Over the
years other animals have reached out to make contact, including dolphins, whales and
even sharks. “But nothing has compared to this ‘once-in-a-lifetime’ bond with the
octopus,” Foster says.
The octopus changed Foster's life forever. Foster says the octopus taught him that humans
are part of the natural world, and not simply visitors. “Your own role and place in the
natural world is the most precious gift we humans have received,” he says.
1.Foster followed the octopus with .
A.great patience
B.a professional goal
C.scientific curiosity
D.an adventurous spirit
2.According to “My Octopus Teacher”, the octopus .
A.enjoyed Foster's attention
B.taught Foster survival skills
C.placed trust in Foster gradually
D.benefited from Foster's company
3.What did Foster learn from the experience?
A.The natural world offers many gifts.
B.Humans belong to the natural world.
C.The natural world never fails to impress.
D.Humans should protect the natural world.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文的主题语境为人与自然,主题语境内容为人与动植物。文章通过讲述克雷
格·福斯特与章鱼之间的故事,向我们展示了人类是自然界的一部分。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句And then, after Foster's dogged persistence for 26
days, she reached out and touched him.可知,福斯特花了26天才获得了章鱼的信任,这需要
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足够的耐心。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第四段福斯特在纪录片中说的话 If you gain the trust of that
animal over a period of months, it will actually ignore you to a certain degree and carry
on with its normal life, and allow you to step inside its secret world可知,章鱼逐渐开始信
任福斯特了。
3.B 主旨要义题。根据文章最后一段第一、二句 The octopus changed Foster's life
forever. Foster says the octopus taught him that humans are part of the natural world , and
not simply visitors.可知,福斯特通过这次的经历,明白了人类是大自然的一部分。
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