考点03完形填空——说明文和议论文（核心考点精讲精练）（全国通用）（教师版）_英语(2)_一轮复习_2026年_2026年高考英语一轮复习考点精讲精练（新高考通用）-G58_2026版

考点 03 完形填空—说明文和议论文
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1. 高考真题考点分布
考 目标
年份 卷别 体裁 主题 文章词数
点 要求
2022
全国乙卷 说明文 人际关系 254
完
考查
形
在具
填
体语
空
境中
之
理解
说
词语 2022
明
表达
文
的得
和
体性
议
论 和准 浙江卷 议论文 人与自我——诚信 266
确性
文
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
根据新高考三年的考情分析，完形填空说明文和议论文主要集中考查：动词及动词短语、名词、形容词、
副词等实词在完形填空语篇中的得体性和准确性。但它们更注重考查文章的逻辑性和文章结构。
【备考策略】
一、说明类完形填空1. 快速弄清文章大意
对于此类文章我们结合选择项，进行粗读或略读，对文章的大意要先有一个大体的了解。说明文往往
生词较多，而题材又比较广泛，所以阅读时，首先要能够掌握文章的大意。
2. 弄清楚说明的顺序
把握了说明顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，加强对整篇文章的理解。
3. 把握文章的组织结构，理清事实细节
把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻
辑比较严密的短文。在阅读这类文章时，我们一定要仔细研读文章的开头和结尾，从主题句着手，找出支
持句，然后寻找文章的结论。这时，我们还要特别注意，不要被表面的一些细节所迷惑，我们在理解细节
的基础上，还要斟酌文字的内涵意义，从而对文章进行深层次的理解。
4. 注重上下文语境
[来源:学#科#网][来源:学&科&网]
应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服＂思维定势＂，根据全文大意和
词不离句、句不离文的原则逐项填空。
5. 熟练做题方法，遵循四个原则：
（1）上下一致。每个选择项必须从全文出发，从大处着手，避免孤立地分析每一空格，造成误选。
（2）语法正确。从语法地角度去考虑动词的时态、语态以及词类用法。
[来源:Z§xx§k.Com]
（3）逻辑合理。在完形填空题中，逻辑推理非常重要，有时每个选择项从语法上讲都正确，但是有的是
不合语境逻辑的。
[来源:Zxxk.Com]
（4）符合搭配。英语中固定搭配很多，需要熟练掌握，才能做好此类题目。
二、议论类完形填空
1. 通览
把握作者的观点和态度。议论文往往体现作者对某一事物的观点，而作者的观点就是文章的论点。考
生要把握作者的观点，把握作者对某一事物是褒还是贬，是赞成还是 反对，而通常把握了作者的观点也就
找准了文章的论点。
把握文章的开头，总结文章的结尾。议论文的篇首或结尾出现话题中心，通过首段 或末段把握文章的
主题。
2. 试填
注意段与段之间的逻辑。议论文往往围绕某一个论点用不同的论据加以佐证，往往每一段就是一个论
据，而论据和论据之间又相互联系、互为补充，每一段往往就是其中一个角度或侧面。
3. 复核
[来源:学#科#网]
通读全文，检验每条论据是否都合情合理，都能强而有力地支撑论点。
3.【命题预测】
2026年高考很有可能考说明文或议论文。近几年一直在考记叙文，为了避免思维定式，26年考说明文的可能性更大。
必备基础知识：
知识点1 说明文完形填空的特点
文体特征
说明文往往围绕一个问题从不同的侧面来加以说明，通常结构严谨，句子结构复杂，因此也是高考完形填
空题中较难理解的一种文体。其主要特点为：
1. 开头点题
在说明文类的完形填空中，作者一般在文章的首句直接提出说明的对象，这是掌握说明细节的前提。
2.结构清晰
说明文一般按一定的顺序展开。理清文章的说明顺序，对于正确把握文意和上下文的逻辑关系，选择正确
答案具有重要意义。
3.难度较大
说明文往往采用比较正式的文体，表述准确严谨，生词术语较多，句子较长，结构较为复杂。
4.遣词用字简练
说明文一般采用简练的语言，按一定的方法介绍事物的类别、性质、特点、构造、成因、关系或事物的运
动变化、发展的过程及其规律。
5.条理清晰
说明文十分讲究条理性，一般采取时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序或认知顺序来说明事物或事理。
应试策略
1. 快速弄清文章大意
对于此类文章我们结合选择项，进行粗读或略读，对文章的大意要先有一个大体的了解。说明文往往生词
较多，而题材又比较广泛，所以阅读时，首先要能够掌握文章的大意。
2. 弄清楚说明的顺序
把握了说明顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，加强对整篇文章的理解。
3. 把握文章的组织结构，理清事实细节
把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻辑比
较严密的短文。在阅读这类文章时，我们一定要仔细研读文章的开头和结尾，从主题句着手，找出支持
句，然后寻找文章的结论。这时，我们还要特别注意，不要被表面的一些细节所迷惑，我们在理解细节的基础上，还要斟酌文字的内涵意义，从而对文章进行深层次的理解。
4. 注重上下文语境
应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服＂思维定势＂，根据全文大意和词不
离句、句不离文的原则逐项填空。
5. 熟练做题方法，遵循四个原则：
（1）上下一致。每个选择项必须从全文出发，从大处着手，避免孤立地分析每一空格，造成误选。
（2）语法正确。从语法地角度去考虑动词的时态、语态以及词类用法。
（3）逻辑合理。在完形填空题中，逻辑推理非常重要，有时每个选择项从语法上讲都正确，但是有的是
不合语境逻辑的。
（4）符合搭配。英语中固定搭配很多，需要熟练掌握，才能做好此类题目。
知识点2 议论文完形填空的特点
文体特征
议论文都是由论点（作者的观点，也就是被证明的对象、论据（用来证明论点的依据，是说明论
点的理由和材料）和论证（运用论据证明论点的过程与方法），这三个要素构成的，这也是一个提出问
题——分析问题——解决问题的过程。因此，典型的议论文一般就由序论（提出问题，即what）、本论
（分析问题，即why）和结论（解决问题，即how）三个部分构成，其具体的结构模式又有以下三种：
模式一：引言段（提出观点）——正方论点心（支持作者的观点的较弱论点）、正方论点2（支持作
者的观点的较强论点）、正方论点3（支持作者观点的最强论点）——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或
建议） 在这种模式中，文章主体段（中间部分）的每一个部分论述一个论点，这些论点以其重要性
按序排列，最有力、最重要的论点在最后面，以示强调。
模式二：引言段（提出观点）——反面意见（反方观点+作者的反驳）、正方论点1（支持作者观点的较弱论点）、正方论点2（支持作者观点的较强论点）、正方论点3（支持作者观点的最强论点）
——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议）
在这种模式中，文章立体段的一开始就提出对立方的反面意见及作者对这种意见的反驳，以后各部
分仍分别陈述作者的不同论点。
模式三：引言段（提出观点）——反方观点1+进行反驳的正方论点、反方观点2+进行反驳的正方论
点、反方观点3+进行反驳的正方论点——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议）
在这种模式中，作者在文章主体段的每一部分都先提出一个反面观点，然后再进行反驳。
议论文有自己的语言个性，它不同于记叙文的生动形象，也不同于说明文的简明易懂。议论是对具
体事物、事理作出的理论上分析与阐述，因此，它的语言自然客观的、抽象的、概括的。同时，它的语
言也很准确，合乎逻辑。文中会较多地使用，诸如since（既然），now that（既然），therefore（因
而），in that case（在那种情况下），so（所以），It follows that…（因而…），If…，we may conclude
that …（如果……，我们可以这样下结论……），Should it be the case （如果是这样的话……），Idon’t
want to…,but…（我并不想……），It is true that…,but…（诚然……但是……）,Even if …（即使……）
等有辩论和推理含义的连接和过渡词语与结构，以增强语言的准确性和逻辑性。此外，作者的写作态度
一般也较诚恳，在文章中通常使用的是与读者平等交流的语气，不会给人以居高临下、以势居人、逼人接受的感觉，在遣词造句方面多使用虚拟语气、让步状语从句和can, may, might, could, would, should等
情态动词。
应试策略
技巧一 把握首句
议论文完形填空的首句一般是主旨句，作者通常在首段提出总论点，然后在每段的首句提出分论
点。
技巧二 依据结构查论点
文章论点提出一般有以下三种。
开门见山：直接提出论点，然后用正反、对比、举例等论据加以论证，最后总结全文。
抛砖引玉：先通过叙述生活中的一件事情或现象，不表明自己的观点，而是通过对具体现象的分析，最
后得出结论。
文末总结：先列举生活中的现象，不表明自己的观点，而是通过对具体现象的分析，最后得出结论。
技巧三 末段结论
议论文的尾段就是结论，也是对论点的照应。
考点一 利用熟词生义，推断生僻意义
一词多义和熟词生义是近几年高考不断出现的词汇活用现象。备考时应注意单词本义以及根据词根推
断单词的生僻意义。(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)
As he often did, he stopped by the “after work auction(拍卖)” __①__ by the Italian police where things
(found) on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. There, among many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings
he thought would look __②__ above his dining room table.Nicolo and another bidder __③__ until Nicolo finally
won the paintings for $32.
①A. attended B. reserved
C. cancelled D. run
②A. nice B. familiar
C. useful D. real
③A. battled B. debated
C. discussed D. bargained
【解析】
①D 熟词生义解题。结合常识可知，拍卖会上需要有警察来维持秩序，进行拍卖，由此可知，这个
拍卖会是由意大利警方主办的。故选D项。run在本句中是生义，意为“举办；管理”，其熟义为“跑；
赛跑”；attend “参加”；reserve “保护”；cancel “取消”。
②A 熟词生义解题。Nicolo认为这两幅画挂在自己的餐桌前会很合适，很好看，所以才会出价竞拍，
故选A项。nice在此处是生义，意为“好看的；令人愉快的”， 其熟义为“友好的；可爱的”；familiar
“熟悉的”；useful “有用的”；real “真的”。
③A 熟词生义解题。Nicolo和另外一个竞标人竞拍，直到Nicolo最终以32美元的价格赢得了这两幅
画。故选A项。battle在本句中是生义，意为“竞拍”，其熟义为“战役；斗争；与……作斗争”。
debate “辩论”；discuss “讨论”；bargain “讨价还价”。
考点二 利用文章首段的观点或看法解题
说明文和议论文有一个共同特点，文章的首段总是提出要说明的事实或结论或提出论点或提出要解
决的问题。根据文章作者提出的结论或论点，可以比较清晰的感悟作者的写作态度和目的，而下文将对
其进行详细的说明或进行论证。明察作者的写作思路和态度就能一连串的解决首段一系列的问题，它们
是相辅相成的。
(2026·河北省石家庄部分学校联考)As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are
performed on a routine (常规) basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 1 at work in people of all 2. For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about 3 with their new toys. But their 4
soon wears off and by January those 5 toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of
456 stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone’s 7 interest.
1．A．principle B．habit C．weaker D．power
2．A．parties B．races C．countries D．ages
3．A．working B．living C．playing D．going
4．A．confidence B．interest C．anxiety D．sorrow
5．A．same B．extra C．funny D．expensive
6．A．well-organized B．colorfully-printed C．newly-collected D．half-filled
7．A．broad B．passing C．different D．main
【解析】【首段的观点统领下面的具体事例，这是解题关键】As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to
boredom when they are performed on a routine (常规) basis. 一般来说，所有形式的活动如果经常进行都会导
致无聊。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我们可以看到这个原则在所有年龄段的人身上都起作用。A.
principle准则、原理；B. habit习惯；C. weaker弱者；D. power权力、动力。根据空前的“As a general rule,
all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine (常规) basis. ”可知此处指的是所有活
动在常规基础上进行时就会导致无聊这个基本原理，故选A项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我们可以看到这个原则在所有年龄段的人身上都起作用。A. parties
宴会；B. races比赛；C. countries国家；D. ages年龄。根据后文所举的例子，从children(孩子)到
adolescents(青少年)，从the young adults(年轻的成年人)到after retirement(退休后)，可知此处指所有年龄段
的人，故选D项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，在圣诞节的早晨，孩子们兴奋地玩着他们的新玩具。A. working工作；
B. living居住；C. playing玩耍；D. going离开。根据后文“with their new toys”可知此处指玩新玩具，故选
C项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是他们的兴趣很快就消失了，到了一月份，同样的玩具就可以被放在地
下室里了。A. confidence信心；B. interest兴趣；C. anxiety焦虑；D. sorrow悲伤。根据前文“children are
excited about ___3___ with their new toys. But their”以及空后“soon wears off and by January those ___5___
toys can be found put away in the basement.”可知此处指孩子们的兴趣很快消失，故选B项。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是他们的兴趣很快就消失了，到了一月份，那些同样的玩具就会被放
在地下室里。A. same相同的；B. extra额外的；C. funny好玩的；D. expensive贵的。根据空前“children
are excited about ___3___ with their new toys. But their ___4___ soon wears off and by January those”以及“toyscan be found put away in the basement.”可知此处指的是同样的玩具还没持续几天兴趣就没了，故选A项。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：世界上到处都是装满一半的邮集和未完成的模型，每一个都像一座纪念
碑一样纪念着某个人短暂的兴趣。A. well-organized有条理的；B. colorfully-printed彩色印刷的；C. newly-
collected新收集的；D. half-filled半满的。根据前文可知，孩子们开始时的兴趣很快就消失了以及空后
“stamp albums and unfinished models”可知此处指未完成的即装满一半的邮集，故选D项。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：世界上到处都是装满一半的邮集和未完成的模型，每一个都像一座纪念
碑一样纪念着某个人短暂的兴趣。A. broad宽的；B. passing短暂的；C. different不同的；D. main主要的。
根据上文“The world is full of ___6___ stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to
someone’s”以及空后的“interest”可知，装满一半的邮集和未完成的模型，每一个都像一座纪念碑一样纪念
着某个人短暂的兴趣，故选B项。
考点三 利用文章尾段的结论解题
明文和议论文的尾段往往给我们传递非常重要的信息，常常是议论文得出的结论，而这个结论往往也
是积极向上的，说明文会在尾段进一步总结，它们能反映作者的态度和情感。因此，利用好尾段信息对完
形填空解题很有帮助。
(2025·河南省洛阳市高三开学联考)
Thankfully, the gender 13 has improved since I first started. Now, I have several female engineers
working in my team. As the head, I get a thrill from 14 people in roles and on projects according to their
abilities and seeing them achieve great results. Helping a person 15 by focusing on her strengths gives me
a huge amount of satisfaction.
13．A．characteristic B．role C．balance D．preference
14．A．placing B．inspiring C．concerning D．updating
15．A．explore B．develop C．compete D．qualify
【答案】13．C 14．A 15．B
【解析】13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，自从我开始工作以来，性别平衡已经有所改善。
A. characteristic特点；B. role角色；C. balance平衡；D. preference偏爱。根据下文“Now, I have several
female engineers working in my team.”可知，现在作者的团队里已经不止一个女性了，也就是说性别平衡已经有所改善。故选C。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为主管，根据人们的能力分配他们的角色和项目，并看到他们取得了巨
大的成果，这让我感到兴奋。A. placing放置；B. inspiring激励；C. concerning与……有关；D. updating更
新。根据下文“in roles and on projects according to their abilities”可知，是根据人们的能力将人们分配不同
的角色和项目。故选A。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过关注一个人的优势来帮助她发展，这给了我巨大的满足感。A. explore
探索；B. develop发展；C. compete完成；D. qualify取得资格。根据上文“As the head, I get a thrill
from___14___people in roles and on projects according to their abilities and seeing them achieve great results.”可
知，作者看到了别人的优点而给他们分配了适合的角色和项目，并看到他们取得了巨大的成就。由此可知，
作者是通过关注一个人的优势而帮助她发展。故选B。
本文中的Helping a person develop by focusing on her strengths gives me a huge amount of satisfaction.就
是文章的结论，文章的中心句。
考点四 利用段落主题句解题
说明文和议论文的语言组织结构很严谨，句子之间的逻辑关系紧凑，层次分明。因此，段落中的主题
句总是统领整个段落，段中的所有的说明和论述都会围绕题展开。所以，整段内的选项要侧重主题句的思
想选择，这样成功率很高。
（2026·宁夏月考）The way we 8 interpret the world around us affects our thinking. What the taxi
driver said perfectly 9 this insightful idea: By 1 0 the stress of finding a parking spot, our vision
becomes 1 1 . This allows us to gain new 1 2 , which could be attractive fountains or the billboard (广
告牌) bearing birthday wishes.
Alexander Fleming wasn’t the first person to observe mold (霉菌) growth. Other scientists had 1 3 it
without a second thought. Instead of entirely 1 4 “a parking spot”, his inquiring mind led to the accidental
invention of penicillin (青霉素).
8．A．differently B．clearly C．visually D．strictly
9．A．contradicts B．transforms C．exchanges D．demonstrates10．A．relieving B．assessing C．understanding D．recovering
11．A．more complicated B．broader C．more practical D．foggier
12．A．influences B．promises C．possibilities D．orders
13．A．dismissed B．explained C．repeated D．provided
14．A．setting aside B．giving up C．sticking to D．making out
【解析】【段落主题句The way we 8 interpret the world around us affects our thinking.我们视觉上解
读周围世界的方式影响着我们的思考。是解题的重要线索】
8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们视觉上解读周围世界的方式影响着我们的思考。A. differently不同地；
B. clearly清楚地；C. visually视觉上；D. strictly严格地。根据前文提到的视觉占据主导地位可知，这里指
的是我们视觉上对周围世界的解释方式。故选C。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那位出租车司机的话完美地证明了这一有见地的想法：通过减轻找停车位
的压力，我们的视野变得更开阔了。A. contradicts反驳；B. transforms转变；C. exchanges交换；D.
demonstrates证明。根据后文“the insightful idea”可知，那位出租车司机的话证明了这一有见地的想法。故
选D。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那位出租车司机的话完美地证明了这一有见地的想法：通过减轻找停车位
的压力，我们的视野变得更开阔了。A. relieving减轻；B. assessing评估；C. understanding理解；D.
recovering恢复。根据前文“I see more of what’s happening around me because I don’t worry about finding a
parking spot.”可知，出租车司机不再担心停车问题，即减轻了找停车位的压力，从而看到了更多的东西。
故选A。
11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那位出租车司机的话完美地证明了这一有见地的想法：通过减轻找停车
位的压力，我们的视野变得更开阔了。A. more complicated更复杂的；B. broader更广阔的；C. more
practical更实际的；D. foggier更模糊的。根据前文“I see more of what’s happening around me”可知，出租车
司机看到了更多的东西，即他的视野变得更开阔了。故选B。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这使我们能够获得新的可能性，可能是吸引人的喷泉或写着生日祝福的广
告牌。A. influences影响；B. promises承诺；C. possibilities可能性；D. orders命令。根据后文“which
could be attractive fountains or the billboard bearing birthday wishes”可知，这里指的是我们能够获得新的可能
性。故选C。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他科学家没有多想就忽略了它。A. dismissed不予考虑，忽略；B.
explained解释；C. repeated重复；D. provided提供。根据后文“without a second thought”可知，其他科学家
没有多想就忽略了霉菌生长这一现象。故选A。14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他的探究精神使他偶然发明了青霉素，而不是完全局限于“找停车位”。
A. setting aside留出；B. giving up放弃；C. sticking to坚持，局限于；D. making out理解，辨认出。根据后
文“his inquiring mind led to the accidental invention of penicillin”可知，这里把科学家常规的研究方式比作
“坚持停车位”，而Alexander Fleming没有局限于此，stick to表示“坚持，局限于”，符合语境。故选
C。
考点五 利用说明顺序解题
利用说明顺序（即逻辑顺序、时间顺序、空间顺序等）解英语完形填空时，可以遵循以下系统方法：
1. 通读全文，把握说明结构
目的：快速理解文章主题和说明逻辑（如因果、步骤、对比等）。
技巧：重点读首段、尾段及每段首句，标注关键词（如first, however, therefore等）。
2. 分析空格上下文逻辑
时间顺序：空格处可能需填时间标志词（before, after, finally）或动词时态。
例：若前文是"First, heat the water"，后文可能是"Next, add the tea leaves."
因果顺序：空格可能是结果（thus, consequently）或原因（due to, because）。
对比/递进：注意however, similarly, moreover等逻辑词。
3.常见考点总结
说明顺序类型 典型线索词 解题方向
时间顺序 first, then, finally 填时间副词或动作顺序词
因果顺序 because, so, therefore 填原因/结果相关词
对比顺序 but, however, whereas 填反义词或转折词
举例顺序 for example, such as 填具体事例或概括词
(2025·黑龙江省大庆外国语学校高三第一次教学质量检测)After studying architecture in Chaux-de-Fonds, the young Le Corbusier 4 his hometown,
travelling to Italy then on to Budapest and Vienna. He 5 came to Paris and settled there for years. Later,
he learned German in order to 6 a job in the Berlin office of Peter Behrens, who is often referred to as the
first ever industrial designer.
4．A．left B．missed C．remember D．mentioned
5．A．suddenly B．eventually C．secretly D．casually
6．A．offer B．arrange C．cancel D．land
【答案】4．A 5．B 6．D
【解析】4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在拉绍德封学习建筑后，年轻的勒·柯布西耶离开了他的家乡，前
往意大利，然后前往布达佩斯和维也纳。A. left离开；B. missed错过；C. remember记得；D. mentioned提
及。根据下文“travelling to Italy then on to Budapest and Vienna”可知，柯布西耶前往意大利、布达佩斯和维
也纳，因此是离开了他的家乡。故选A。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他最终来到巴黎，并在那里定居多年。A. suddenly突然地；B. eventually最
终；C. secretly秘密地；D. casually随意地。上文“the young Le Corbusier ____4____ his hometown,
travelling to Italy then on to Budapest and Vienna”和下文“settled there for years”是按照时间顺序介绍柯布西耶
的个人经历，由此推知，此处指他最终来到巴黎并定居，。故选B。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，为了在通常被称为史上第一个工业设计师的彼得·贝伦斯的柏林办公
室谋得一份工作，他学习了德语。A. offer提供；B. arrange安排；C. cancel取消；D. land谋得。根据上文
“he learned German”可知，柯布西耶学习了德语，再结合下文“a job in the Berlin office of Peter Behrens,
who is often referred to as the first ever industrial designer”可推知，他学习德语的目的是在著名的彼得·贝伦斯
的柏林办公室谋得一份工作。故选D。
（最新模拟试题演练）
1.（2026·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学校高三月考）
The shift from holiday relaxation to academic life often triggers “school-opening syndrome” (开学综合征),a temporary adjustment disorder affecting many students at term start. Unlike serious mental issues, it shows mild
but 1 symptoms that fade in 2 — 3 weeks.
Emotionally, students with this syndrome often feel anxious, irritable (易怒的), or helpless when 2
with upcoming academic demands. Some lose interest in once-loved school activities. Behaviorally, irregular
holiday schedules cause 3 sleep cycles — many struggle to sleep or wake up on time, leading to morning
class tardiness (上课迟到). When doing homework, they get distracted easily, 4 study efficiency sharply.
Physically, headaches or loss of appetite are common, but medical checks find no 5 organic (器官的)
causes.
Three key factors contribute to this syndrome. First, the abrupt change from a 6 holiday
(unstructured time, low pressure) to a strict school environment shocks students. Second, expecting tough courses
or exams causes 7 stress, especially for high-expectation students. Third, interpersonal troubles — like
transferring schools or classmate conflicts — intensify 8 and unease. Also, parental over-supervision (监
督) or excessive focus on grades may 9 students’ resistance and anxiety.
To ease this syndrome, joint efforts matter. Students should 10 daily routines 1 — 2 weeks
early, such as advancing bedtime and reviewing basics. Parents should support rather than criticize, and talk openly
with children. Teachers can 11 initial workload, focusing on review and ice-breaking activities.
Schools may offer counseling for students with 12 symptoms. Moreover, learning time-management
and setting realistic goals helps students regain 13 over studies. With consistent efforts, most students
can 14 this transition (转变) smoothly and 15 their full potential.
1．A．persistent B．temporary C．severe D．invisible
2．A．compared B．faced C．combined D．filled
3．A．disturbed B．regular C．flexible D．stable
4．A．improving B．maintaining C．reducing D．measuring
5．A．obvious B．subtle C．complex D．common
6．A．disciplined B．confused C．structured D．relaxed
7．A．moderate B．overwhelming C．minimal D．occasional
8．A．belonging B．isolation C．excitement D．curiosity
9．A．ease B．relieve C．increase D．ignore
10．A．adjust B．abandon C．follow D．create
11．A．increase B．lighten C．complete D．assign
12．A．mild B．occasional C．continuing D．minor13．A．control B．doubt C．anxiety D．confusion
14．A．go through B．look into C．break down D．put off
15．A．realize B．change C．discover D．limit
【答案】
1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．A 11．B
12．C 13．A 14．A 15．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“开学综合症”的各种表现、形成原因以及具体的应对策略。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与严重的精神问题不同，它表现出轻微但持续的症状，并在2到3周内消
退。A. persistent持续的；B. temporary临时的；C. severe严重的；D. invisible不可见的。根据上文“mild”
和下文“symptoms that fade in 2 — 3 weeks”可知，开学综合征的症状是轻微的，会在2到3周内消退，因
此是指症状会持续。故选A。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在情感上，当面对即将到来的学业要求时，患有这种综合症的学生经常感
到焦虑、易怒或无助。A. compared比较；B. faced面对；C. combined结合；D. filled充满。根据下文
“with upcoming academic demands”可知，学生会有这些情绪反应是因为要面对即将到来的学业要求。故选
B。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从行为上讲，不规律的假期安排会扰乱睡眠周期——许多人很难按时睡
觉或起床，导致早上上课迟到。A. disturbed被扰乱的；B. regular规律的；C. flexible灵活的；D. stable稳
定的。根据下文“many struggle to sleep or wake up on time, leading to morning class tardiness (上课迟到)”可
知，很多学生很难按时睡觉或起床，导致早上上课迟到，因此是指睡眠周期被扰乱。故选A。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在做作业时，他们很容易分心，大大降低了学习效率。A. improving改进；
B. maintaining维持；C. reducing减少；D. measuring测量。根据上文“When doing homework, they get
distracted easily”可知，做作业时很容易分心会降低学习效率。故选C。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：身体上，头痛或食欲不振是常见的，但医学检查没有发现明显的器质性
原因。A. obvious明显的；B. subtle微妙的；C. complex复杂的；D. common常见的。根据上文“Physically,
headaches or loss of appetite are common”和表示转折的“but”可知，虽然患有开学综合征的学生往往会头痛
或食欲不振，但医学检查不会发现明显的器质性原因。故选A。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先，从轻松的假期（时间不固定，压力小）到严格的学校环境的突然
变化让学生感到震惊。A. disciplined自律的；B. confused困惑的；C. structured结构化的；D. relaxed放松
的。根据下文“unstructured time, low pressure”可知，假期里各种活动的时间不固定，压力小，因此是轻松
的。故选D。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二，对困难课程或考试的期待会导致巨大的压力，尤其是对期望很高的学生。A. moderate适度的；B. overwhelming巨大的；C. minimal最小的；D. occasional偶尔的。根据上
文“expecting tough courses or exams”可知，对困难课程或考试的期待会导致巨大的压力。故选B。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第三，人际问题——如转学或同学冲突——加剧了孤立和不安。A.
belonging归属感；B. isolation孤立；C. excitement兴奋；D. curiosity好奇。根据上文“interpersonal troubles
— like transferring schools or classmate conflicts”可知，转学或同学冲突这类人际问题会加剧孤立和不安。故
选B。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，父母的过度监督或过分关注成绩可能会增加学生的抗拒和焦虑。A.
ease缓解；B. relieve减轻；C. increase增加；D. ignore忽略。根据上文“parental over-supervision (监督) or
excessive focus on grades”可知，父母的过度监督或过分关注成绩会增加学生的抗拒和焦虑。故选C。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生应提前1到2周调整日常作息，如提前就寝时间、复习基础知识等。
A. adjust调整；B. abandon放弃；C. follow跟随；D. create创造。根据下文“such as advancing bedtime and
reviewing basics”可知，提前就寝时间、复习基础知识等属于调整日常作息的做法。故选A。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：教师可以减轻最初的学习量，专注于复习和打破僵局的活动。A. increase
增加；B. lighten减轻；C. complete完成；D. assign分配。根据下文“focusing on review and ice-breaking
activities”可知，专注于复习和打破僵局的活动意味着减轻最初的学习量。故选B。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学校可能会为有持续症状的学生提供咨询。A. mild温和的；B.
occasional偶尔的；C. continuing持续的；D. minor次要的。根据上文“Schools may offer counseling for
students”可知，有咨询需求的学生应该是有持续症状。故选C。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，学习时间管理和设定现实的目标有助于学生重新掌控学习。A.
control控制；B. doubt怀疑；C. anxiety焦虑；D. confusion困惑。根据上文“learning time-management and
setting realistic goals”可知，学习时间管理和设定现实的目标能帮助学生重新掌控学习，短语regain control
over意为“维持对……的掌控”。故选A。
14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过持续的努力，大多数学生都能顺利度过这一转变，并充分发挥他们的
潜力。A. go through通过；B. look into调查；C. break down使倒塌或破碎；D. put off推迟。根据上文
“With consistent efforts”可知，持续的努力可以帮助大多数学生顺利度过从假期到开学的转变。故选A。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过持续的努力，大多数学生都能顺利度过这一转变，并充分发挥他们的
潜力。A. realize实现；B. change改变；C. discover发现；D. limit限制。根据上文“With consistent efforts”
可知，持续的努力可以让大多数学生免受开学综合征的困扰，从而充分发挥潜力，短语realize one’s
potential意为“发挥某人的潜力”。故选A。
2.（2026·甘肃省天水市麦积区高三上学期9月月考）The Spring Festival Gala of China Media Group 16 the curtain on the evening of January 28th,
2025. Li Ziqi, a well-known short-video creator in the field of traditional culture, 17 onto the Spring
Festival Gala stage for the first time. She brought a big 18 to the audience with 13 intangible cultural
heritage (非物质文化遗产) skills, celebrating the first Spring Festival after the successful inscription of related
cultural heritages. In the opening visual show, Li Ziqi 19 in a beautiful long dress. As she gracefully
20 her hands, a pair of huge and stunning butterfly wings, which 21 Weifang kite and Zhijin
techniques, slowly unfolded. Bionic butterflies, as if they were alive, 22 from a distance and fluttered
around her. This scene 23 an innovative opening show that combined a sense of technology with the
elegance (优雅) of Eastern aesthetics.
The stage design 24 butterfly elements, which served as a perfect 25 to display 13
intangible 26 heritage skills, like plant dyeing (染), Qingshen bamboo weaving, mother-of-pearl inlay
(镶嵌), Chengdu lacquer (漆) art, Qiang embroidery (羌绣), and Yingshan flower-twining. Through the 27
of beautiful colors and creative designs, the beauty of traditional culture was vividly 28 . Li Ziqi’s
performance on the Spring Festival Gala is not only a 29 of traditional culture but also a strong 30
for the inheritance and development of intangible cultural heritage.
16．A．lifted B．dropped C．raised D．closed
17．A．jumped B．stepped C．climbed D．flew
18．A．gift B．honor C．surprise D．dream
19．A．lay B．hid C．sat D．appeared
20．A．waved B．raised C．shook D．spread
21．A．removed B．separated C．combined D．destroyed
22．A．ran B．flew C．swam D．walked
23．A．copied B．created C．followed D．missed
24．A．included B．added C．ignored D．excluded
25．A．result B．reason C．background D．problem
26．A．article B．cultural C．historical D．natural
27．A．combination B．balance C．comparison D．change
28．A．covered B．forgotten C．hidden D．interpreted
29．A．symbol B．memory C．display D．protection
30．A．encouragementB．warning C．request D．question
【答案】16．A 17．B 18．C 19．D 20．D 21．C 22．B 23．B 24．A 25．C
26．B 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了传统文化领域的知名短视频创作者李子柒首次登上春晚舞台，通
过展示13项非物质文化遗产技艺，为观众带来惊喜，为非遗传承与发展助力。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2025年1月28日晚，中央广播电视总台春节联欢晚会拉开帷幕。A. lifted
提起、升起、拉开；B. dropped落下；C. raised提高、筹集；D. closed关闭。根据前文“The Spring Festival
Gala”和后文“the curtain”可推知，春节联欢晚会拉开了帷幕；lift the curtain“拉开帷幕”。故选A项。
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：传统文化领域的知名短视频创作者李子柒首次登上春晚舞台。A. jumped跳
跃；B. stepped走、踏上；C. climbed攀爬；D. flew飞翔。根据后文“onto the Spring Festival Gala stage”和
“She brought a big 3 to the audience with 13 intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) skills”可知，李
子柒登上了春晚舞台，并展示了非物质文化遗产技艺。故选B项。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她带来了13项非物质文化遗产技艺，给观众带来了一个大惊喜，庆祝相关
文化遗产成功申遗后的第一个春节。A. gift礼物；B. honor荣誉；C. surprise惊喜；D. dream梦想。根据前
文“She brought a big”以及后文提到她展示了13项非物质文化遗产技艺，可知给观众带来了一个大惊喜。
故选C项。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在开场视觉秀中，李子柒身着美丽的长裙亮相。A. lay躺；B. hid隐藏；C.
sat坐；D. appeared出现、亮相。根据前文“In the opening visual show”和后文“in a beautiful long dress”可
推知，李子柒是身着美丽的长裙亮相。故选D项。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她优雅地张开双手时，一对融合了潍坊风筝和织金技艺的巨大而惊艳的
蝴蝶翅膀慢慢展开。A. waved挥动；B. raised提高；C. shook摇晃；D. spread展开、张开。根据后文“a
pair of huge and stunning butterfly wings”和“slowly unfolded”可推知，她张开双手，蝴蝶翅膀也慢慢展开。
故选D项。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她优雅地张开双手时，一对融合了潍坊风筝和织金技艺的巨大而惊艳的
蝴蝶翅膀慢慢展开。A. removed去除；B. separated分开；C. combined结合；D. destroyed破坏。根据后文
“Weifang kite and Zhijin techniques”可知，蝴蝶翅膀融合了潍坊风筝和织金技艺。故选C项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：仿生蝴蝶仿佛活了过来，从远处飞来，在她身边翩翩起舞。A. ran奔跑；
B. flew飞；C. swam游泳；D. walked步行。根据前文“as if they were alive”可知，蝴蝶仿佛活了过来，所
以是飞来的。故选B项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一幕创造了一个将科技感与东方美学优雅相结合的创新开场秀。A.
copied复制；B. created创造；C. followed跟随；D. missed错过。根据后文“an innovative opening show”可知，这一幕创造了一个创新的开场秀。故选B项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：舞台设计包含了蝴蝶元素，为展示13项非物质文化遗产技艺提供了完美的
背景，如植物染色、青神竹编、螺钿镶嵌、成都漆艺、羌绣和颖扇花缠。A. included包含、融入；B. added
增加；C. ignored忽视；D. excluded排除。根据前文“As she gracefully 5 her hands, a pair of huge and
stunning butterfly wings, which 6 Weifang kite and Zhijin techniques, slowly unfolded. Bionic butterflies, as if
they were alive, 7 from a distance and fluttered around her.”和后文“butterfly elements”可知，蝴蝶被加入表
演中，舞台设计包含了蝴蝶元素。故选A项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：舞台设计包含了蝴蝶元素，为展示13项非物质文化遗产技艺提供了完美的
背景，如植物染色、青神竹编、螺钿镶嵌、成都漆艺、羌绣和颖扇花缠。A. result结果；B. reason原因；
C. background背景；D. problem问题。根据前文“Bionic butterflies, as if they were alive, 7 from a distance
and fluttered around her.”可知，蝴蝶在李子柒周围飞舞，是她展示非物质文化遗产技艺的完美背景。故选C
项。
26．考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：舞台设计包含了蝴蝶元素，为展示13项非物质文化遗产技艺提供
了完美的背景，如植物染色、青神竹编、螺钿镶嵌、成都漆艺、羌绣和颖扇花缠。A. article文章；B.
cultural文化的；C. historical历史的；D. natural自然的。根据后文“like plant dyeing (染), Qingshen bamboo
weaving, mother-of-pearl inlay (镶嵌), Chengdu lacquer (漆) art, Qiang embroidery (羌绣), and Yingshan flower-
twining”可知，这些都是非物质文化遗产技艺。故选B项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过美丽的色彩和创意设计的结合，传统文化的美丽被生动地诠释出来。
A. combination结合；B. balance平衡；C. comparison比较；D. change改变。根据后文“of beautiful colors
and creative designs”可知，美丽的色彩和创意设计结合到了一起。故选A项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过美丽的色彩和创意设计的结合，传统文化的美丽被生动地诠释出来。
A. covered覆盖；B. forgotten忘记；C. hidden隐藏；D. interpreted诠释、理解。根据上文“the beauty of
traditional culture was vividly”可知，传统文化的美丽被生动地诠释出来。故选D项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：李子柒在春晚舞台上的表演不仅是对传统文化的展示，也是对非物质文化
遗产传承与发展的有力鼓励。A. symbol象征；B. memory记忆；C. display展示；D. protection保护。根据
前文“She brought a big 3 to the audience with 13 intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) skills,
celebrating the first Spring Festival after the successful inscription of related cultural heritages.”和“Li Ziqi’s
performance on the Spring Festival Gala”可知，这是李子柒对传统文化的展示。故选C项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：李子柒在春晚舞台上的表演不仅是对传统文化的展示，也是对非物质文化
遗产传承与发展的有力鼓励。A. encouragement鼓励；B. warning警告；C. request要求；D. question问题。根据前文描述李子柒对传统非物质文化遗产技艺的展示和后文“for the inheritance and development of
intangible cultural heritage”可推知，李子柒的表演和展示对非物质文化遗产传承与发展会起到鼓励作用。故
选A项。
3.（2025届东北三省四市教研联合体高三下学期高考模拟（二））
Why do some people seem to get more affected by some movies but some others don’t get that affected? In a
previous article about empathy (同情心), I said that once we identify with someone, because they 1 us of
ourselves, we can easily get 2 .
For example, if your arm was broken and had to put it in a cast (石膏), then you saw a movie about a 3
person. You are very likely to get 4 by that movie reminding you of what you are going through. The
same can also happen when someone reminds you of a family member or a person you care about. Many people see
their moms, dads, or relatives in movies and 5 , get really influenced.
In such a case, crying in the movie gives you the 6 to release the stored unconscious (无意识的)
emotions while consciously believing that you are crying because of the movie. Now so many people go to 7
movies because they are already sad and because they are looking for a way to 8 some of this sadness.
While watching a movie, an unconscious 9 of memories and fears can happen. This can lead to
strong emotions that can be easily 10 with the movie’s effect. If, for example, the movie reminded you
of some of your memories or fears, then you can get really emotional and feel like 11 .
Now you might be wondering why some people get affected 12 than others by movies. The
13 is simple. 14 on your own beliefs, values, and concerns, you will get affected in an unusual
way. And 15 each person is unique, some people get affected more often than others by movies.
1．A．warm B．inform C．persuade D．remind
2．A．emotional B．calm C．hurt D．better
3．A．confident B．healthy C．generous D．disabled
4．A．affected B．prepared C．puzzled D．fooled
5．A．luckily B．consequently C．obviously D．recently
6．A．question B．opportunity C．qualification D．reward
7．A．particular B．best C．sad D．attractive
8．A．grab B．collect C．release D．strengthen
9．A．guess B．practice C．recall D．defense
10．A．confused B．equipped C．charged D．packed
11．A．smiling B．breathing C．crying D．communicating12．A．more B．earlier C．faster D．longer
13．A．issue B．mode C．form D．reason
14．A．Carrying B．Depending C．Working D．Switching
15．A．although B．because C．if D．while
【答案】
1．D 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．C 9．C 10．A 11．C
12．A 13．D 14．B 15．B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了不同的人受电影影响程度不同的原因。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一旦我们认同了某人，因为他们让我们想起了自己，我们就很容易变得情
绪化。A. warm使温暖；B. inform通知；C. persuade说服；D. remind使想起。根据后文“us of ourselves”可
知，此处表示“让我们想起自己”，remind sb. of sth.为固定短语，意为“使某人想起某事”。故选D。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. emotional情绪化的；B. calm冷静的；C. hurt受伤的；D. better更
好的。根据前文“Why do some people seem to get more affected by some movies”和“we can easily get”和后
文“get really influenced”可知，此处表示人们容易受电影影响，变得情绪化。故选A。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，如果你的胳膊断了，不得不打石膏，然后你看了一部关于残疾人
的电影。A. confident自信的；B. healthy健康的；C. generous慷慨的；D. disabled残疾的。根据前文“if
your arm was broken and had to put it in a cast”可知，胳膊断了打石膏，与残疾人情况类似，所以此处表示看
了一部关于残疾人的电影。故选D。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你很有可能会被这部电影所影响，因为它让你想起了你正在经历的事情。
A. affected影响；B. prepared准备；C. puzzled使困惑；D. fooled愚弄。根据后文“by that movie reminding
you of what you are going through”和“get really influenced”可知，这部电影让观看的人想起了自己正在经历
的事情，所以此处表示被电影所影响。故选A。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：许多人在电影中看到了自己的妈妈、爸爸或亲戚，因此受到了很大的影响。
A. luckily幸运地；B. consequently因此；C. obviously明显地；D. recently最近。根据前文“Many people
see their moms, dads, or relatives in movies”以及后文“get really influenced”可知，前后文为因果关系，所以
此处表示“因此”受到了很大的影响。故选B。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这种情况下，在电影中哭泣给了你一个释放储存的无意识情绪的机会，
同时有意识地相信你是因为电影而哭泣。A. question问题；B. opportunity机会；C. qualification资格；D.
reward奖励。根据后文“to release the stored unconscious emotions”可知，此处表示在电影中哭泣给了人们
一个释放情绪的机会。故选B。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在有很多人去看悲伤的电影，因为他们已经很悲伤了，而且他们正在寻找一种释放悲伤的方法。A. particular特别的；B. best最好的；C. sad悲伤的；D. attractive有吸引力的。
根据后文“because they are already sad”可知，此处表示去看悲伤的电影。故选C。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. grab抓住；B. collect收集；C. release释放；D. strengthen加强。根
据前文“because they are already sad”以及后文“some of this sadness”可知，此处表示寻找一种释放悲伤的
方法。故选C。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在看电影的时候，可能会无意识地回忆起记忆和恐惧。A. guess猜测；B.
practice练习；C. recall回忆；D. defense防御。根据后文“of memories and fears”和“the movie reminded
you of some of your memories or fears”可知，此处表示回忆起记忆和恐惧。故选C。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这会导致强烈的情绪，很容易与电影的效果混淆。A. confused使困惑，混
淆；B. equipped装备；C. charged充电；D. packed打包。根据前文“This can lead to strong emotions”以及后
文“with the movie’s effect”可知，此处表示强烈的情绪很容易与电影的效果混淆。故选A。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，如果这部电影让你想起了一些记忆或恐惧，那么你可能会变得非常
情绪化，感觉像在哭泣。A. smiling微笑；B. breathing呼吸；C. crying哭泣；D. communicating交流。根据
前文“If, for example, the movie reminded you of some of your memories or fears, then you can get really
emotional and feel like”以及“believing that you are crying because of the movie”可知，此处表示电影让人想哭
泣。故选C。
12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在你可能想知道为什么有些人比其他人更容易受到电影的影响。A. more
更；B. earlier更早；C. faster更快；D. longer更长。根据前文“Now you might be wondering why some
people get affected”和后文“than others by movies”、“some people get affected more often than others by
movies”可知，此处表示比较，所以用more，表示“更容易受到电影的影响”。故选A。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：原因很简单。A. issue问题；B. mode模式；C. form形式；D. reason原因。
根据后文“on your own beliefs, values, and concerns, you will get affected in an unusual way.”可知，后文解释
了原因，所以此处指原因很简单。故选D。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：取决于你自己的信仰、价值观和关注点，你会以一种不寻常的方式受到影
响。A. Carrying携带；B. Depending取决于；C. Working工作；D. Switching转换。根据后文“on your own
beliefs, values, and concerns”可知，受影响程度“取决于”看电影人自己的信仰、价值观和关注点。depend
on为固定短语，意为“取决于”。故选B。
15．考查连词词义辨析。句意：因为每个人都是独一无二的，所以有些人比其他人更容易受到电影的影响。
A. although虽然；B. because因为；C. if如果；D. while当……时候。根据后文“each person is unique, some
people get affected more often than others by movies.”可知，前后文为因果关系，所以用because引导原因状语从句。故选B。
4.（2025届河北省秦皇岛市河北昌黎第一中学高三下学期考前最后一卷）
Jeffrey Lee, a Mizzou architectural studies graduate who formed Level Studio in 2021, just gave the
charging infrastructure project an injection of new energy. With Level Studio 1 Christopher Taurasi and
Lexi White, Lee put forward the electric vehicle (EV) charging station concept, Electric Oasis, which won the 2023
Forge Prize. 2 steel as the primary building material, the design reimagines existing gas stations as
charging 3 for electric vehicles.
With the 4 from gas-powered vehicles — the goal is to have EVs 5 at least 50% of new
car sales by 2030 — conventional gas stations could be put 6 . But half of gas stations are on petroleum-
polluted land that requires strict 7 . The studio’s design features “tree-like” steel canopies (顶篷) that
8 into their foundation an innovative system that removes ethanol (乙醇) pollution.
The concept also addresses the 9 EV charging process. Filling a tank of gas usually takes around 2
to 5 minutes, 10 the time required for an EV to reach a 11 charge can take up to 4.5 hours.
“Our solution was to create more spaces, to transform the gas station into something that’s more of a destination,”
Lee says. In their design it’s not 12 a charging station. “What does the community need? Can these
spaces also 13 them?” “The design is flexible, so it can be 14 to different sites.”
For now, the team is pursuing leads and is 15 to partnering with interested companies or
development teams to put their Electric Oasis design into practice.
1．A．applicants B．co-founders C．friends D．physicians
2．A．Employing B．Undertaking C．Instructing D．Deciding
3．A．approaches B．privileges C．inventions D．destinations
4．A．angle B．purpose C．shift D．boundary
5．A．rise to B．make up C．take down D．cut down
6．A．at a loss B．out of date C．out of business D．at risk
7．A．coverage B．restoration C．innovation D．distribution
8．A．integrate B．change C．force D．shrink
9．A．lengthy B．delicate C．rough D．smooth
10．A．because B．despite C．though D．while
11．A．rich B．full C．steady D．typical
12．A．necessarily B．casually C．merely D．slightly
13．A．ignore B．serve C．hold D．please14．A．reformed B．justified C．committed D．adapted
15．A．accustomed B．addicted C．equal D．open
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．D 11．B
12．C 13．B 14．D 15．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了2021年成立Level Studio (水平工作室)的密苏里大学建筑系毕业生
Jeffrey Lee (杰弗里·李)及其团队提出“Electric Oasis (电之绿洲)”电动汽车充电站概念，获2023年Forge (锻
造)奖，该设计旨在改造传统加油站，兼具除乙醇污染功能与社区服务属性。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Jeffrey Lee与“水平工作室”联合创始人Christopher Taurasi和Lexi White
的共同努力下，他们提出了电动汽车充电站的概念——“电之绿洲”，该概念荣获了2023年“锻造奖”。
A. applicants申请人；B. co-founders共同创立者；C. friends朋友；D. physicians内科医生。根据后文
“Christopher Taurasi and Lexi White”可知，工作室还有两个人，因此是联合创始人，故选B。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该设计以钢材作为主要建筑材料，将现有的加油站重新构想为电动汽车的
充电站点。A. Employing采用；B. Undertaking承担；C. Instructing指导；D. Deciding决定。根据后文
“steel as the primary building material”指设计采用了钢材作为主要建筑材料，故选A。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该设计以钢材作为主要建筑材料，将现有的加油站重新构想为电动汽车的
充电站点。A. approaches方法；B. privileges特权；C. inventions发明；D. destinations抵达站、终点。根据
上文“the design reimagines existing gas stations as charging”此处指把加油站改为电动汽车的充电站点，后文
“that’s more of a destination”也是提示。故选D。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着燃油汽车的转型——目标是到2030年电动汽车至少占新车销量的50%
——传统加油站可能会停业。A. angle角；B. purpose目的；C. shift转换，转型；D. boundary边界。根据
后文“at least 50% of new car sales by 2030”可知，电动汽车至少占新车销量的50%，即燃油汽车面临转型。
故选C。
5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着燃油汽车的转型——目标是到2030年电动汽车至少占新车销量的50%
——传统加油站可能会停业。A. rise to克服困难；B. make up构成，组成；C. take down记下；D. cut down
砍倒。根据后文“at least 50% of new car sales”指销售占比，用make up。故选B。
6．考查介词短语辨析。句意：随着燃油汽车的转型——目标是到2030年电动汽车至少占新车销量的50%
——传统加油站可能会停业。A. at a loss困惑；B. out of date过时；C. out of business倒闭的、停业的；D.
at risk冒险。上文“at least 50% of new car sales by 2030 — conventional gas stations could be put”提到到2030
年电动汽车至少占新车销量的50%，那么传统加油站可能会停业倒闭。故选C。7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但有一半的加油站位于受石油污染的土地上，这些土地需要进行严格的修
复工作。A. coverage报道；B. restoration修复；C. innovation创新；D. distribution分布。根据上文
“petroleum-polluted land”可知，土地被污染，需要修复。故选B。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该工作室的设计采用了“树状”的钢质顶篷，这些顶篷将消除乙醇污染的
创新系统集成到其它地基融中。A. integrate融合，成为一体；B. change改变；C. force迫使；D. shrink缩
小。根据后文“into their foundation an innovative system that removes ethanol (乙醇) pollution”可知，树状顶
篷将创新系统整合（integrate）到地基中，表示系统被纳入设计。故选A。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该概念还解决了电动汽车充电时间过长的问题。A. lengthy漫长的；B.
delicate脆弱的；C. rough粗糙的；D. smooth顺利的。根据后文“charge can take up to 4.5 hours”可知，电动
汽车充电时间过长。故选A。
10．考查连词和介词词义辨析。句意：给汽车油箱加满油通常需要2到5分钟，而电动汽车充满电所需的
时间则可能长达4.5小时。A. because因为；B. despite尽管；C. though虽然；D. while而，当……时候。根
据上文“Filling a tank of gas usually takes around 2 to 5 minutes”以及后文“charge can take up to 4.5 hours”可
知是将燃油汽车和电动汽车进行对比，while符合语境。故选D。
11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：给汽车油箱加满油通常需要2到5分钟，而电动汽车充满电所需的时间
则可能长达4.5小时。A. rich富有的；B. full满的；C. steady稳定的；D. typical典型的。根据后文“charge
can take up to 4.5 hours”指电动汽车充满电需要4.5小时。故选B。
12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在其设计上，它不仅仅是一个充电站。A. necessarily必要地；B. casually
随意地；C. merely仅仅；D. slightly稍微。根据后文“The design is flexible”可知，设计很灵活，不仅仅是
一个充电站。故选C。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些空间是否也能服务他们呢？A. ignore忽视；B. serve服务；C. hold持
有；D. please取悦。根据上文“What does the community need?”指空间可以服务与社区。故选B。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：设计具有灵活性，因此可以适应不同的场地。A. reformed改革；B.
justified证明；C. committed投入；D. adapted适应。根据上文“The design is flexible, so it can be”可知，设
计灵活，可以适应不同的场地。故选D。
15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：目前，该团队正在追踪潜在机会，并愿意与感兴趣的公司或开发团队合
作，将他们的“电之绿洲”设计付诸实践。A. accustomed习惯的；B. addicted上瘾的；C. equal相等的；D.
open开放的。根据后文“to partnering with interested companies or development teams”指团队对其他公司或
开发团队持开放态度，谋求共同合作。故选D。
5.（2025·江苏省前黄高级中学高三下学期第一次阶段检测）Venice has long suffered under the pressure of overtourism, leading to endangered heritage sites. Nowadays,
it is launching a(n) 1 campaign to inform visitors of a pilot program announced last year.
Day-trippers to the canal city of Venice who fail to pay 5 euros to 2 the city’s historic center will
face 3 starting at 10 times the entrance fee. Officials have avoided calling it a tax, opting for 4
words like contribution, since it also aims to come up with more money to help better 5 the
phenomenon.
Visitors arriving at the main train and bus stations will first be met by stewards (乘务员) who will remind
them of the new requirement and 6 anyone who hasn’t yet downloaded the QR code (二维码) . Payment
places will be 7 for anyone without a smartphone. Anyone 8 beyond designated (指定的)
control places without the required documentation will be 9 to fines. These will 10 from 50
to 300 euros, plus the maximum entrance fee allowed by law, set at 10 euros.
An exemption voucher (免除凭证) will be 11 to people who access the city for work, school or
medical care, as well as to people born in Venice and 12 of the region.
Mayor Luigi Brugnaro hopes the program can reduce crowds on 13 days, encourage longer
visits and improve the quality of life for residents.
The advertising video, 14 Brugnaro speaking a variety of languages aided by artificial
intelligence, has become a 15 .
1．A．recycling B．advertising C．welcoming D．marketing
2．A．enter B．evaluate C．decorate D．promote
3．A．pays B．fines C．rewards D．compensations
4．A．harder B．plainer C．softer D．smarter
5．A．acknowledge B．interpret C．manage D．highlight
6．A．assist B．trace C．monitor D．identify
7．A．set up B．moved away C．torn down D．taken over
8．A．left B．sent C．thought D．found
9．A．ready B．forced C．applied D．subject
10．A．distinguish B．arise C．range D．differ
11．A．made B．issued C．printed D．collected
12．A．students B．workers C．stewards D．residents
13．A．clear B．peak C．gloomy D．ordinary
14．A．opposing B．catching C．anticipating D．featuring15．A．hit B．kick C．strike D．beat
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．D 9．D 10．C 11．B
12．D 13．B 14．D 15．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了威尼斯为缓解过度旅游压力，实施付费进入历史中心计划及相关
管理措施。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今，威尼斯正在发起一场宣传活动，向游客介绍去年宣布的一项试点
计划。A. recycling回收利用的；B. advertising宣传的；C. welcoming欢迎的；D. marketing营销的。根据下
文“campaign to inform visitors of a pilot program announced last year.”以及“The advertising video,
____14____ Brugnaro speaking a variety of languages aided by artificial intelligence, has become a ____15____ .”
可知，此处指的是威尼斯发起一场宣传活动。故选B。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：前往运河城市威尼斯的一日游游客，如果没有支付5欧元进入该市历史中心
的费用，将面临罚款，罚款金额至少是门票价格的10倍。A. enter进入；B. evaluate评估；C. decorate装饰；
D. promote促进。根据上文“Day-trippers to the canal city of Venice”以及语境可知，此处指的是进入该市历
史中心的游客。故选A。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：前往运河城市威尼斯的一日游游客，如果没有支付5欧元进入该市历史中心
的费用，将面临罚款，罚款金额至少是门票价格的10倍。A. pays付款；B. fines罚金；C. rewards奖励；
D. compensations补偿金。根据下文“Anyone ____8____ beyond designated (指定的) control places without
the required documentation will be ____9____ to fines.”可知，此处指的是没有支付进入该市历史中心的费用，
游客将面临罚款。故选B。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：官员们避免称其为税收，而是选择了更温和的词汇，如“贡献”，因为
该计划还旨在筹集更多资金，以帮助更好地管理这一现象。A. harder更难的；B. plainer更简单的；C.
softer更温和的；D. smarter更聪明的。根据上文“Officials have avoided calling it a tax”以及下文“words
like contribution”可知，官员们避免称其为税收，而是选择了更温和的词汇。故选C。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：官员们避免称其为税收，而是选择了更温和的词汇，如“贡献”，因为该
计划还旨在筹集更多资金，以帮助更好地管理这一现象。A. acknowledge承认；B. interpret解释；C.
manage管理；D. highlight强调。根据上文“Venice has long suffered under the pressure of overtourism, leading
to endangered heritage sites.”和“Day-trippers to the canal city of Venice who fail to pay 5 euros
to ____2____ the city’s historic center”以及下文“the phenomenon”可知，此处指的是管理威尼斯过度旅游
这一现象。故选C。6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：抵达主要火车站和汽车站的游客将首先遇到乘务员，他们会提醒他们新的
要求，并帮助任何尚未下载二维码的人。A. assist帮助；B. trace追踪；C. monitor监控；D. identify识别。
根据下文“anyone who hasn’t yet downloaded the QR code (二维码) .”以及常识可知，乘务员会帮助那些尚未
下载二维码的人。故选A。
7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：将为没有智能手机的人设立支付点。A. set up设立；B. moved away搬走；
C. torn down拆除；D. taken over接管。根据下文“for anyone without a smartphone”以及语境可知，此处指
的是为没有智能手机的人设立支付点。故选A。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：任何在没有所需文件的情况下在指定控制区域外被发现的人将被处以罚款。
A. left离开；B. sent发送；C. thought认为；D. found发现。根据下文“beyond designated (指定的) control
places without the required documentation”可知，此处指的是在没有所需文件的情况下，在指定控制区域外
被发现的人。故选D。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：任何在没有所需文件的情况下在指定控制区域外被发现的人将被处以罚
款。A. ready准备好的；B. forced被迫的；C. applied应用的；D. subject可能遭受……的。根据下文“to
fines”以及语境可知，此处指的是可能遭受罚款。故选D。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些罚款将从50欧元到300欧元不等，外加法律允许的最高10欧元的门
票费用。A. distinguish区分；B. arise出现；C. range范围；D. differ不同。根据下文“from 50 to 300 euros,
plus the maximum entrance fee allowed by law, set at 10 euros.”可知，此处指的是罚款的范围。故选C。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因工作、上学或医疗原因进入该市的人，以及在威尼斯出生和该地区的居
民将获得免除凭证。A. made制作；B. issued颁发；C. printed打印；D. collected收集。根据上文“An
exemption voucher (免除凭证)”可知，此处指的是颁发免除凭证。故选B。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因工作、上学或医疗原因进入该市的人，以及在威尼斯出生和该地区的居
民将获得免除凭证。A. students学生；B. workers工人；C. stewards乘务员；D. residents居民。根据上文
“people born in Venice”以及下文“of the region”可知，此处指的是在威尼斯出生的和该地区的居民。故选
D。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：市长Luigi Brugnaro希望该计划能减少高峰日的游客数量，鼓励更长时
间的游览，并提高居民的生活质量。A. clear清晰的；B. peak高峰的；C. gloomy阴暗的；D. ordinary普通
的。根据下文“encourage longer visits and improve the quality of life for residents.”可知，此处指的是减少高
峰日的游客数量。故选B。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这则广告视频以Brugnaro在人工智能的帮助下说多种语言为特色，已经成
为热门。A. opposing反对；B. catching抓住；C. anticipating预期；D. featuring以……为特色。根据下文“Brugnaro speaking a variety of languages aided by artificial intelligence,”可知，此处指的是这则广告视频以
Brugnaro在人工智能的帮助下说多种语言为特色。故选D。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这则广告视频以Brugnaro在人工智能的帮助下说多种语言为特色，已经成
为热门。A. hit受欢迎的人或物；B. kick踢；C. strike罢工；D. beat击败。根据上文“The advertising video”
以及语境可知，此处指的是这则广告视频已经成为热门。故选A。
6.（2025届安徽省滁州市高三下学期第二次教学质量监测）
Ever wondered how many drops of water a single penny can hold before spilling? This seemingly simple
experiment reveals the invisible 1 governing liquids and offers a delightful “wow” moment. Let’s
2 the science adventure with only a penny, a dropper (滴管), water, and a steady hand.
First, clean a copper penny to remove dirt or oils — 3 coins work best. Then fill the dropper with
water and begin 4 droplets onto the penny’s surface, one at a time. Watch closely as the water forms a
dome (圆丘), growing taller with each addition. Here’s 5 things get strange: 6 the penny’s flat
surface, the water won’t spill immediately. Instead, it creates a 7 bubble beyond expectations.
The magic lies in surface tension — water molecules (分子) holding together through cohesive forces. Like
an elastic skin, this tension 8 the liquid until gravity overpowers it. Count the drops until the dome
9 ; most trials yield 25 — 40 drops. 10 like water temperature or cleanliness will affect results
11 , as they change molecular bonds.
Science isn’t just for 12 — it often hides in 13 sight. By engaging with everyday
mysteries, you can cultivate a mindset that questions, explores, and 14 . Who knows? You might
discover a new 15 for physics or chemistry while having fun!
1．A．forces B．intentions C．features D．patterns
2．A．look up B．dive into C．turn into D．show up
3．A．round B．heavy C．thin D．shiny
4．A．blocking B．pouring C．releasing D．withdrawing
5．A．what B．where C．why D．which
6．A．in case of B．in terms of C．in spite of D．in place of
7．A．trembling B．shrinking C．breaking D．flowing
8．A．reflects B．adjusts C．permits D．banks
9．A．bursts B．arises C．attacks D．exposes
10．A．Questions B．Degrees C．Factors D．Barriers
11．A．wrongly B．slowly C．dramatically D．occasionally12．A．rules B．labs C．ideas D．practices
13．A．short B．wide C．distant D．plain
14．A．innovates B．requests C．adapts D．appreciates
15．A．trend B．passion C．chance D．option
【答案】
1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．C
12．B 13．D 14．A 15．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一个简单的科学实验——探究一枚硬币能容纳多少滴水才会溢
出。通过这个实验揭示了表面张力这一无形的力量对液体的作用，说明科学并不只存在于实验室中，还隐
藏在日常生活中，鼓励人们通过探索日常奥秘培养质疑、探索和创新的思维方式。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个看似简单的实验揭示了支配液体的无形力量，并带来一个令人愉悦的
“哇”时刻。 A. forces力量；B. intentions目的；C. features特征；D. patterns模式。根据下文“The magic
lies in surface tension - water molecules (分子) holding together through cohesive forces.”可知，这个实验揭示了
控制液体的无形力量。故选A项。
2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：让我们只用一枚硬币、一个滴管、水和一只稳定的手就投入到这场科学冒
险中吧。A. look up查阅；B. dive into潜入；C. turn into变成；D. show up出现。根据下文“the science
adventure”可知，这里是说开始进行这个科学实验。故选B项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先，清洗一枚铜币以去除污垢或油脂 —— 有光泽的硬币效果最好。
A. round圆的；B. heavy重的；C. thin薄的；D. shiny闪亮的。根据上文“clean a copper penny to remove dirt
or oils”可知，清洗后硬币会更有光泽，所以这里说有光泽的硬币效果最好。故选D项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后将滴管装满水，开始将水滴释放到硬币表面，一次一滴。 A. blocking
阻塞；B. pouring倾倒；C. releasing释放；D. withdrawing撤回。根据下文“one at a time.”可知，用滴管往
硬币上滴水，也就是将水滴释放到硬币表面。故选C项。
5．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：这就是事情变得奇怪的地方：尽管硬币表面很平，但水不会立即溢出。
A. what什么；B. where在哪里；C. why为什么；D. which哪一个。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少地点状语，
故用连接副词where引导。故选B项。
6．考查介词短语辨析。句意：这就是事情变得奇怪的地方：尽管硬币表面很平，但水不会立即溢出。 A.
in case of以防；B. in terms of就……而言；C. in spite of尽管；D. in place of代替。硬币表面平按常理水容
易溢出，但实际上水不会立即溢出，这里表示转折，“in spite of”符合语境，故选C项。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，它会形成一个出乎意料的颤抖的水泡。A. trembling颤抖的；B.
shrinking缩水的；C. breaking破碎的；D. flowing流动的。根据下文“bubble beyond expectations.”和常识可知，随着水滴的增加，水在硬币上形成的水泡会有轻微的颤动。故选A项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像一层有弹性的皮肤，这种张力支撑着液体，直到重力超过它的作用。
A. reflects反映；B. adjusts调整；C. permits允许；D. banks支撑。根据上文“Like an elastic skin, this
tension”可知，表面张力就像有弹性的皮肤一样支撑着液体，使其不会马上溢出。故选D项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：数一下水滴，直到圆丘破裂；大多数试验会得到25到40滴水。A. bursts爆
裂；B. arises出现；C. attacks攻击；D. exposes暴露。随着水滴增多，圆丘最终会破裂，水就会溢出。故选
A项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：像水温或清洁度这样的因素会显著影响实验结果，因为它们会改变分子键。
A. Questions问题；B. Degrees程度；C. Factors因素；D. Barriers障碍。根据下文“like water temperature or
cleanliness”可知，水温或清洁度是影响实验结果的因素。故选C项。
11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：像水温或清洁度这样的因素会显著影响实验结果，因为它们会改变分子键。
A. wrongly错误地；B. slowly缓慢地；C. dramatically显著地；D. occasionally偶尔。根据下文“as they
change molecular bonds.”可知，水温或清洁度这些因素会对分子键产生影响，从而显著地影响实验结果。故
选C项。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学不只是属于实验室的——它常常隐藏在平常的视线中。A. rules规则；
B. labs实验室；C. ideas想法；D. practices实践。根据下文“it often hides in ____13____ sight.”可知，科学
隐藏在平常视线中，因此科学不只是在实验室里。故选B项。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：科学不只是属于实验室的——它常常隐藏在平常的视线中。 A. short短
的；B. wide宽的；C. distant遥远的；D. plain普通的。根据上文“Science isn’t just for ____12____”可知，
科学在日常生活中随处可见。故选D项。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过参与日常奥秘的探索，你可以培养一种质疑、探索和创新的思维方式。
A. innovates创新；B. requests要求；C. adapts适应；D. appreciates欣赏。空处与与“questions（质疑）”
和“explores（探索）”并列，且符合培养思维方式的语境，“innovates（创新）”最合适。故选A项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：谁知道呢？你可能在享受乐趣的同时发现了对物理或化学的新热情！ A.
trend趋势；B. passion热情；C. chance机会；D. option选择。根据下文“while having fun”可知，通过参与
这种有趣的科学实验，可能会让人对物理或化学产生新的热情。故选B项。
7.（2025·黑龙江省新时代高中教育联合体高三下学期4月考）
How tall are you? Do you 1 your friends and family — or are they people you literally have to tower
over? 2 , we’re not all the same, and size doesn’t really 3 . But did you know that there’s a
possibility that we’ re all getting taller?Of course, our height is out of our 4 — it’s a biological fact, 5 partly by genetics. The idea
that being taller gives you more power and authority might be a tall story, but according to David Robson, writing
for BBC Future, “On the basis of first impressions alone, taller people may have the 6 .” He adds that 7
some slight risks to your health, various studies have found that the greater your height, the 8 you score on
measures of happiness and 9 of life.
If this makes you want to become taller, it’s good to know that all of us are taller than we were 150 years ago
— by as much as ten centimeters. Scientists have known for a long time that humans with good diets and 10
access to food tend to grow taller and mature more quickly. Adult height in some countries has 11 as they
transformed into a developed society.
For those 12 to be taller, we need to look at the Dutch, who stand head and shoulders 13 the
rest of us as the tallest people in the world. But, of course tall people have to stoop through doorways and 14
to fit in cars and can have joint problems, so maybe we should be 15 for what we wish for.
1．A．look back on B．look down on C．look up to D．look forward to
2．A．Obviously B．Seriously C．Absolutely D．Hopefully
3．A．matter B．expand C．fold D．contract
4．A．place B．control C．question D．reach
5．A．ignored B．improved C．inspired D．influenced
6．A．pressure B．edge C．difference D．disadvantage
7．A．without B．with C．beyond D．despite
8．A．lower B．tighter C．higher D．shorter
9．A．enjoyment B．entertainment C．disappointment D．embarrassment
10．A．limited B．free C．remote D．reliable
11．A．declined B．varied C．rocketed D．stabilized
12．A．curious B．eager C．concerned D．afraid
13．A．above B．to C．below D．by
14．A．climb B．push C．force D．struggle
15．A．prepared B．responsible C．careful D．grateful
【答案】
1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．D 11．C
12．B 13．A 14．D 15．C
【解析】文的是说明文。文章主要围绕人类身高的变化、身高与权力或权威的关系、身高与幸福感的关系，以及不同国家和地区人们的身高差异进行了说明和解释。
1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：你身高多少？你是仰视着你的亲友——还是需要俯视他们呢？A. look back
on回顾；B. look down on轻视；C. look up to仰望；D. look forward to期待。根据前文“How tall are you?”
以及后文“or are they people you literally have to tower over?”可知，前文问有多高，后文说俯视他们，所以
空处应是仰视他们，形成对比。故选C项。
2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，我们并非都一样高，而且身高其实并不重要。A. Obviously显然；B.
Seriously严肃地；C. Absolutely绝对地；D. Hopefully但愿，有希望地。根据后文“we’re not all the same”可
知，我们不都一样是很显然的事。故选A项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：显然，我们并非都一样高，而且身高其实并不重要。A. matter重要；B.
expand扩展；C. fold折叠；D. contract收缩。根据前文“size doesn’t really”结合选项可知，应是“身高其实
并不重要”符合语境。故选A项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，我们的身高是无法控制的——这是一个生物学事实，部分受基因的
影响。A. place放置；B. control控制；C. question质疑；D. reach到达。根据后文“it’s a biological fact”可知，
身高是一个生物学事实，所以是我们无法控制的。故选B项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，我们的身高是无法控制的——这是一个生物学事实，部分受基因的
影响。A. ignored忽视；B. improved改进；C. inspired激励；D. influenced影响。根据后文“partly by
genetics”结合常识可知，身高部分受基因的影响。故选D项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“越高越有权力和权威”的说法可能听起来很夸张，但大卫·罗布森在为
BBC Future撰写的文章中表示：“单从第一印象来看，越高的人可能更有优势。”A. pressure压力；B.
edge优势；C. difference差异；D. disadvantage劣势。根据前文“The idea that being taller gives you more
power and authority might be a tall story”可知，越高越有权力和权威，所以越高的人可能更有优势。故选B
项。
7．考查介词词义辨析。句意：他补充说，尽管对你的健康有轻微的风险，但各种研究发现，你的身高越
高，你在幸福和享受生活方面的得分就越高。A. without没有；B. with带有；C. beyond超出；D. despite尽
管。根据句意可知，空处表达“尽管”之意，引导让步状语。故选D项。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. lower更低；B. tighter更紧；C. higher更高；D. shorter更短。根
据前文“The idea that being taller gives you more power and authority”可知，越高越有优势。故选C项。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. enjoyment愉快；B. entertainment娱乐；C. disappointment失望；
D. embarrassment尴尬。根据前文“The idea that being taller gives you more power and authority”可知，越高
越有优势，所以也就越快乐。故选A项。10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：科学家们很早就知道，饮食健康、食物来源可靠的人往往长得更高，成
熟得更快。A. limited有限的；B. free自由的；C. remote遥远的；D. reliable可靠的。根据and可知空处和
前文的“with good diets”并列，所以此处应是“可靠的食物来源”符合语境。故选D项。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一些国家，成年人的身高随着他们向发达社会的转变而急剧上升。A.
declined下降；B. varied变化；C. rocketed飙升；D. stabilized稳定。根据后文“as they transformed into a
developed society.”结合前文内容可知，饮食健康、食物来源可靠的人往往长得更高，而发达国家更能保证
这点，所以成年人的身高随着他们向发达社会的转变而急剧上升。故选C项。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于那些渴望长高的人来说，我们需要看看荷兰人，他们是世界上最高
的人，远远高于我们其他人。A. curious好奇；B. eager渴望；C. concerned担忧；D. afraid害怕。根据后文
“we need to look at the Dutch, who stand head and shoulders 13 the rest of us as the tallest people
in the world.”可知，需要看看荷兰人，他们是世界上最高的人，所以应是对于那些渴望长高的人来说。故
选B项。
13．考查介词词义辨析。句意：对于那些渴望长高的人来说，我们需要看看荷兰人，他们是世界上最高的
人，远远高于我们其他人。A. above在……之上；B. to向；C. below在……之下；D. by通过。根据后文
“as the tallest people in the world”可知，他们是世界上最高的人，所以远远高于我们其他人。故选A项。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当然了，高个子的人必须弯腰穿过门口，努力挤进车里，并且可能
有关节问题，所以也许我们应该小心我们的愿望。A. climb攀爬；B. push推动；C. force强迫；D. struggle
挣扎。根据前文“But, of course tall people have to stoop through doorways”可知，此处讲述高个子的缺点，
所以应是“努力挤进车里”符合语境。故选D项。
15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然了，高个子的人必须弯腰穿过门口，努力挤进车里，并且可能有关
节问题，所以也许我们应该小心我们的愿望。A. prepared准备好的；B. responsible负责的；C. careful仔细
的；D. grateful感激的。根据前文“But, of course tall people have to stoop through doorways and 14
to fit in cars and can have joint problems”可知，虽然高个子有优势但是也有缺点，所以应是小心我们的愿望。
故选C项。
8.（江西省上饶市民校考试联盟2024-2025学年高三下学期阶段测试（三））
DeepSeek is a cutting-edge artificial intelligence (AI) assistant designed to revolutionize the way we interact
with technology. Developed by a team of talented engineers and 1 , DeepSeek aims to provide users with
a 2 and efficient experience in various tasks, from answering questions to assisting with complex
problem-solving.
One of the most 3 features of DeepSeek is its ability to understand and process natural language.This means that users can communicate with DeepSeek in the same way they would with a human, making it
4 to use for people of all ages and technical backgrounds. Whether you need help with homework, want to find
information 5 , or simply need a reminder, DeepSeek is always ready to assist.
DeepSeek is also 6 for its adaptability. It can be integrated into various platforms, such as
smartphones, computers, and even smart home devices. This flexibility allows users to 7 its capabilities
wherever they are, making it a truly versatile tool. Moreover, DeepSeek continuously learns from user interactions,
which means it has become 8 over time, providing more accurate and personalized responses.
Another 9 aspect of DeepSeek is its commitment to privacy and security. The developers have
implemented strong measures to 10 that user data is protected at all times. The focus on 11
has made DeepSeek a popular choice for individuals.
In conclusion, DeepSeek represents a significant 12 in AI technology. Its user-friendly interface
(接口界面), adaptability, and strong emphasis on security make it a valuable tool for anyone who 13 to
enhance their productivity and simplify their daily tasks. As AI continues to evolve, DeepSeek is 14 to
remain at the forefront, setting new standards for what AI assistants can achieve. With DeepSeek, the future of
technology is not just 15 ; it’s already here.
1．A．artists B．professors C．scientists D．designers
2．A．complex B．simple C．challenging D．fundamental
3．A．ordinary B．common C．impressive D．usual
4．A．complicated B．consistent C．massive D．easy
5．A．pleasantly B．quickly C．firmly D．gradually
6．A．mature B．familiar C．coherent D．known
7．A．access B．cooperate C．engage D．assess
8．A．smarter B．purer C．tighter D．looser
9．A．astonished B．important C．contrary D．desperate
10．A．collapse B．defend C．ensure D．expose
11．A．unity B．beauty C．identity D．security
12．A．advancement B．announcement C．amusement D．advertisement
13．A．promises B．replies C．looks D．relies
14．A．likely B．friendly C．lovely D．lively
15．A．minor B．near C．neat D．tremendous
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．D
12．A 13．C 14．A 15．B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了DeepSeek这款人工智能助手的特点、优势及应用。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由一群才华横溢的工程师和科学家开发，DeepSeek旨在为用户提供简单高
效的各种任务体验，从回答问题到协助解决复杂问题。A. artists艺术家；B. professors教授；C. scientists科
学家；D. designers设计师。根据前文“Developed by a team of talented engineers”及常识可知，开发
DeepSeek的团队除了工程师还有科学家。故选C。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由一群才华横溢的工程师和科学家开发，DeepSeek旨在为用户提供简单
高效的各种任务体验，从回答问题到协助解决复杂问题。A. complex复杂的；B. simple简单的；C.
challenging有挑战性的；D. fundamental基本的。根据后文“who ___13___ to enhance their productivity and
simplify their daily tasks.”可知，DeepSeek旨在为用户提供简单高效的任务体验。故选B。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：DeepSeek最令人印象深刻的特点之一是其理解和处理自然语言的能力。
A. ordinary普通的；B. common常见的；C. impressive令人印象深刻的；D. usual通常的。根据后文“This
means that users can communicate with DeepSeek in the same way they would with a human,”可知，DeepSeek有
着最令人印象深刻的特点。故选C。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这意味着用户可以用与人类相同的方式与DeepSeek交流，使其易于所有
年龄段和技术背景的人使用。A. complicated复杂的；B. consistent一致的；C. massive巨大的；D. easy容
易的。根据前文“users can communicate with DeepSeek in the same way they would with a human”可知，
DeepSeek易于所有年龄段和技术背景的人使用。故选D。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：无论你需要帮助做作业，想快速找到信息，还是只需要一个提醒，
DeepSeek随时准备提供帮助。A. pleasantly愉快地；B. quickly快速地；C. firmly坚定地；D. gradually逐渐
地。根据前文“find information”可知，此处指想快速找到信息。故选B。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：DeepSeek还以其适应性而闻名。A. mature成熟的；B. familiar熟悉的；C.
coherent连贯的；D. known知名的。根据后文“for its adaptability. It can be integrated into various platforms,
such as smartphones, computers, and even smart home devices.”可知，DeepSeek还以其适应性而闻名。be
known for因……而闻名。故选D。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种灵活性允许用户无论身在何处都能访问其功能，使其成为真正多功能
的工具。A. access访问；B. cooperate合作；C. engage参与；D. assess评估。根据后文“its capabilities
wherever they are, making it a truly versatile tool.”可知，这种灵活性允许用户无论身在何处都能访问其功能。
故选A。8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，DeepSeek不断从用户交互中学习，这意味着随着时间的推移，它
变得更聪明，提供更准确和个性化的响应。A. smarter更聪明的；B. purer更纯净的；C. tighter更紧的；D.
looser更松散的。根据前文“DeepSeek continuously learns from user interactions”可知，DeepSeek随着时间
的推移变得更聪明。故选A。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：DeepSeek的另一个重要方面是其对隐私和安全的承诺。A. astonished惊讶
的；B. important重要的；C. contrary相反的；D. desperate绝望的。根据后文“its commitment to privacy and
security”可知，DeepSeek的另一个重要方面是其对隐私和安全的承诺。故选B。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：开发人员已实施强有力的措施，以确保用户数据始终受到保护。A.
collapse崩溃；B. defend防御；C. ensure确保；D. expose暴露。根据前文“its commitment to privacy and
security.”及后文“that user data is protected at all times”可知，开发人员已实施强有力的措施，以确保用户数
据始终受到保护。故选C。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对安全的关注使DeepSeek成为个人的热门选择。A. unity团结；B. beauty
美丽；C. identity身份；D. security安全。根据前文“its commitment to privacy and security”可知，此处指对
安全的关注使DeepSeek成为个人的热门选择。故选D。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：总之，DeepSeek代表了人工智能技术的重大进步。A. advancement进步；
B. announcement公告；C. amusement娱乐；D. advertisement广告。根据前文语境可知，DeepSeek代表了人
工智能技术的重大进步。故选A。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：其用户友好的界面、适应性和对安全的强烈重视使其成为任何希望提高生
产力和简化日常任务的人的宝贵工具。A. promises承诺；B. replies回复；C. looks看起来，寻找；D. relies
依赖。根据后文“to enhance their productivity and simplify their daily tasks.”可知，此处指任何希望提高生产
力和简化日常任务的人，look to do sth.希望做某事。故选C。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着人工智能的不断发展，DeepSeek很可能继续保持领先地位，为人工
智能助手所能取得的成就设定新的标准。A. likely可能的；B. friendly友好的；C. lovely可爱的；D. lively
活泼的。根据后文“to remain at the forefront”可知，DeepSeek很可能继续保持领先地位，be likely to do
sth.“可能做某事”。故选A。
15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有了DeepSeek，技术的未来不仅仅是近在咫尺；它已经在这里了。A.
minor次要的；B. near近的；C. neat整洁的；D. tremendous巨大的。根据后文“it’s already here”可知，此
处指技术的未来不仅仅是近在咫尺。故选B。
9.（河南省信阳市商城县丰集高级中学2024-2025学年高三下学期开学）
Coming home for winter break always gives me mixed emotions. 1 , I love to see my family andfriends, but after a few weeks it can get somewhat 2 . Even though being home comes with different
emotions, I’ll always love my hometown for many 3 .
Even though my hometown does have a(n) 4 amount of activities, my friends and I always seem to
find something to do. I love communicating with people from home and of course going to parties is always like a
big 5 and nothing short of a good time.
I am me today because of my hometown. I have 6 a lot since I left for college, just like most people
do, but the experiences that I’ve gone through in my hometown have 7 the foundation for whom I have
become.
Being home has made me 8 just how much I love the 9 my hometown offers. There are so
many languages spoken here and so many different types of people. It is always comforting to see different faces
and 10 in one place.
No matter how far I move away or how long I stay away, this is the place where I made my first 11 .
There were so many late night cruises, 12 to McDonald’s, and summer days spent at the pool. I have my
hometown to thank for those great moments.
Even though I plan on 13 away from my hometown after graduating from college, I’ll always come
back home. No matter how boring it can be sometimes or how much I tell myself I love getting away, I will always
be 14 of where I came from, and I will always 15 this place — home.
1．A．Gradually B．Deliberately C．Temporarily D．Obviously
2．A．boring B．astonishing C．exciting D．amazing
3．A．plans B．actions C．reasons D．motivations
4．A．limited B．average C．large D．suitable
5．A．recognition B．membership C．reunion D．dream
6．A．remembered B．observed C．achieved D．changed
7．A．stuck with B．laid out C．knocked on D．put forward
8．A．appreciate B．deserve C．save D．count
9．A．flexibility B．puzzlement C．atmosphere D．diversity
10．A．experiments B．cultures C．sights D．performances
11．A．suggestions B．memories C．decisions D．responses
12．A．trips B．times C．replies D．histories
13．A．fighting B．moving C．putting D．taking
14．A．nervous B．aware C．proud D．worthy15．A．miss B．compare C．announce D．call
【答案】
1．D 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．B
12．A 13．B 14．C 15．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了作者回家的复杂情感，作者喜欢喜欢见到家人和朋友，但几周
后就会变得有些无聊。同时，虽然回家有不同的情感，作者也列举了一些热爱家乡的理由。
1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，我喜欢见到我的家人和朋友，但几周后就会变得有些无聊。A.
Gradually逐渐地；B. Deliberately故意地；C. Temporarily暂时地；D. Obviously显然。根据后文“I love to
see my family and friends”以及“I love communicating with people from home”可知，作者显然是喜欢见到家
人和朋友的，故选D。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：显然，我喜欢见到我的家人和朋友，但几周后就会变得有些无聊。A.
boring无聊的；B. astonishing惊人的；C. exciting令人兴奋的；D. amazing惊人的。根据后文“Even though
being home comes with different emotions(虽然回家有不同的情感)”以及上文but表示转折，推测喜欢见到家
人和朋友，但几周后就会变得有些无聊。故选A。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然回家有不同的情感，但我永远爱我的家乡有很多原因。A. plans计划；
B. actions行动；C. reasons理由；D. motivations动机。根据后文“I love communicating with people from
home”以及“my friends and I always seem to find something to do.”可知，这里主要列举了作者喜爱家乡的原
因。故选C。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我的家乡活动有限，但我和我的朋友们似乎总能找到一些事情做。
A. limited有限的；B. average平均的；C. large大的；D. suitable合适的。根据后文“amount of activities”以
及even though引导让步状语从句，表示转折，可知这里指家乡的活动有限。故选A。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢和家里的人交流，当然参加聚会总是像一个大团聚，没有什么比这
更美好的时光了。A. recognition认可；B. membership会员；C. reunion团聚，聚会；D. dream梦想。根据
上文“I love communicating with people from home and of course going to parties”可知，这里指参加家人的聚
会像是一个大团聚，故选C。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：和大多数人一样，自从我离开家乡上大学后，我改变了很多，但我在家乡
的经历为我的成长奠定了基础。A. remembered记得；B. observed观察；C. achieved成就；D. changed改变。
根据后文“a lot since I left for college, just like most people do”以及常识，可知离开家乡上大学会有很多改变，
其他选项不符合语境。故选D。
7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：和大多数人一样，自从我离开家乡上大学后，我改变了很多，但我在家乡的经历为我的成长奠定了基础。A. stuck with坚持；B. laid out奠定，布置好；C. knocked on敲门；D. put
forward提出。根据上文“the experiences that I’ve gone through in my hometown have”以及后文“the
foundation for whom I have become”可知，作者在家乡的经历为自己以后的成长奠定了基础。故选B。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到家让我意识到我是多么热爱家乡的多样性。A. appreciate欣赏，明白；
B. deserve值得；C. save挽救；D. count重要。根据后文“just how much I love the”可知，回家让作者明白
了自己热爱家乡。故选A。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：回到家让我意识到我是多么热爱家乡的多样性。A. flexibility灵活性；B.
puzzlement困惑；C. atmosphere氛围；D. diversity多样性。根据后文“There are so many languages spoken
here and so many different types of people.(这里说很多语言，有很多不同类型的人)”可知，有很多不同类型的
人和语言，体现了多样性，故选D。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个地方看到不同的面孔和文化总是令人欣慰的。A. experiments实验；
B. cultures文化；C. sights视力；D. performances表演。根据上文“There are so many languages spoken here”
可知，语言不同，体现了不同的文化。故选B。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管我离开多远，离开多久，这里都是我最初回忆的地方。A. suggestions
建议；B. memories记忆；C. decisions决定；D. responses反应。根据上文“this is the place where I made my
first”可知，此处指作者的家乡是作者长大的地方，也是最初回忆的地方。故选B。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有那么多的深夜游船，去麦当劳，夏天在游泳池度过。A. trips旅行，出门；
B. times时间；C. replies回答；D. histories历史。根据后文“to McDonald’s”可知，这里指前往麦当劳，用
trip表示“出门，出行”符合语境。故选A。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我计划大学毕业后离开家乡，但我总会回家的。A. fighting战斗；B.
moving移动；C. putting放置；D. taking带走。根据后文“away from my hometown after graduating from
college, I’ll always come back home”可知，总是回家，说明大学毕业原本打算搬离家乡。故选B。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不管有时候有多无聊，不管我对自己说我多么喜欢离开，我都将永远为
我的家乡感到骄傲，我将永远把这里称为家。A. nervous紧张的；B. aware意识到的；C. proud骄傲的；D.
worthy值得的。根据上文“just how much I love the”以及后文“of where I came from”可知，作者热爱家乡，
为自己的家乡感到骄傲。故选C。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管有时候有多无聊，不管我对自己说我多么喜欢离开，我都将永远为我
的家乡感到骄傲，我将永远把这里称为家。A. miss错过；B. compare比较；C. announce宣布；D. call称为，
打电话。根据后文“this place — home”可知，作者会把家乡这个地方称为“家”。故选D。
10.（2025届安徽省合肥市庐阳区合肥市第八中学高三三模）Sometimes a part of us must die before another part can come to life. This is a natural and necessary stage of
our 1 , yet it can be painful or 2 if we don’t realize what’s happening. Actually, confusion is
often the indication telling us a(n) 3 is happening within us. All humans go through many transitions —
from childhood to adulthood — each requiring us to 4 an old version of ourselves.
With every shift from one stage to another, we must say 5 to the identity we once shaped.
Sometimes, these identities are built in relationships or jobs, and when we change, those areas of our life become
6 . For example, we might spend years building a protective shell to 7 ourselves. However, one day
we may feel 8 , longing to step beyond the limits of that shell. The old shell must fade for the new to
9 .
We may feel a strange 10 of excitement and sadness as we let go of what’s dying and make
11 for a fresh identity come out in its place. Like a snake shedding skin to make room for new growth, we too
must release the 12 . Keeping symbols of change, like a snake’s skin, can 13 us that rebirth
is natural.
By accepting this process — letting go of our past self with gratitude and 14 the new with an open
mind — we prepare for life’s next 15 .
1．A．growth B．escape C．history D．evolution
2．A．moving B．disappointing C．tiring D．puzzling
3．A．idea B．change C．inspiration D．notice
4．A．leave behind B．leave out C．let alone D．let out
5．A．hello B．thanks C．goodbye D．sorry
6．A．hurt B．influenced C．ignored D．deserted
7．A．support B．aid C．establish D．defend
8．A．connected B．required C．trapped D．opposed
9．A．emerge B．suspend C．occupy D．pose
10．A．urge B．relief C．need D．mixture
11．A．time B．way C．sense D．peace
12．A．past B．tension C．future D．energy
13．A．convince B．warn C．remind D．recall
14．A．hoping B．revealing C．welcoming D．suspecting
15．A．youth B．wonder C．harvest D．chapter
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．D 11．B
12．A 13．C 14．C 15．D
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了人成长过程中旧我逝去新我诞生这一自然必要的阶段，指出应接
受这一过程以迎接生活新的篇章。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我们成长过程中一个自然且必要的阶段，但如果我们没有意识到正在
发生什么，它可能会很痛苦或令人困惑。A. growth成长；B. escape逃脱；C. history历史；D. evolution进
化。根据后文“All humans go through many transitions — from childhood to adulthood”可知，从童年到成年
的转变是成长过程的体现，这里强调的是成长阶段。故选A项。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我们成长过程中一个自然且必要的阶段，但如果我们没有意识到正
在发生什么，它可能会很痛苦或令人困惑。A. moving感人的；B. disappointing令人失望的；C. tiring累人
的；D. puzzling令人困惑的。由后文“Actually, confusion is often the indication telling us...”可知，此处提到
的感受与“confusion(困惑)”相关，所以是令人困惑的。故选D项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：实际上，困惑常常是告诉我们内心正在发生变化的迹象。A. idea想法；B.
change变化；C. inspiration灵感；D. notice通知。根据前文“Sometimes a part of us must die before another
part can come to life”以及后文“All humans go through many transitions”可知，人会经历部分消逝和另一部分
诞生的过程，以及许多转变，这都表明内心在发生变化。故选B项。
4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：所有人都会经历许多转变——从童年到成年——每一次都要求我们抛弃过
去的自己。A. leave behind抛弃，留下；B. leave out遗漏；C. let alone更不用说；D. let out放出，泄露。从
前文“from childhood to adulthood”的转变可以看出，每个阶段的过渡都意味着要告别过去的自己，也就是
抛弃过去的自己，符合文意。故选A项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着从一个阶段到另一个阶段的每一次转变，我们必须和曾经塑造的身份
说再见。A. hello招呼；B. thanks感谢；C. goodbye再见；D. sorry抱歉。结合前文提到的成长转变以及
“each requiring us to leave behind an old version of ourselves”可知，阶段转变时要和过去的身份告别。故选
C项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时，这些身份是在人际关系或工作中形成的，当我们改变时，我们生活
中的那些方面就会受到影响。A. hurt伤害；B. influenced影响；C. ignored忽视；D. deserted抛弃。根据前
文“when we change”和常识可知，人改变了，与之相关的在人际关系或工作中形成的身份必然会受到影响。
故选B项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，我们可能会花数年时间建立一个保护壳来保护自己。A. support支持；
B. aid帮助；C. establish建立；D. defend保护。根据“protective shell”这个描述，建立保护壳的目的是保护自己，符合逻辑。故选D项。
8．考查形容词（过去分词）词义辨析。句意：然而，有一天我们可能会感到被困住，渴望超越那个壳的
限制。A. connected有联系的；B. required必需的；C. trapped被困住的；D. opposed反对的。后文“longing
to step beyond the limits of that shell”表明渴望突破限制，说明之前是感觉被困在壳里了。故选C项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：旧的壳必须褪去，新的才能出现。A. emerge出现；B. suspend暂停；C.
occupy占据；D. pose造成。结合前文“one day we may feel trapped”以及“the old shell must fade”，旧壳褪
去后新的才会出现，符合事物发展规律。故选A项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们放下正在消逝的东西，为一个全新的身份腾出空间时，我们可能会
感到一种奇怪的兴奋和悲伤交织的感觉。A. urge强烈的欲望；B. relief宽慰；C. need需要；D. mixture混合。
根据后文“excitement and sadness”可知，兴奋和悲伤是两种不同的情绪，这里表达的是它们混合在一起的
奇怪感觉。故选D项。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们放下正在消逝的东西，为一个全新的身份腾出空间时，我们可能会
感到一种奇怪的兴奋和悲伤交织的感觉。A. time时间；B. way道路；C. sense感觉；D. peace和平。根据
前文“the old shell must fade for the new to emerge”可知，旧的褪去为新的出现创造条件，也就是为新身份
腾出空间；make way for有“为……腾出空间”。故选B项。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像蛇蜕皮为新的生长腾出空间一样，我们也必须放下过去。A. past过去；
B. tension紧张；C. future未来；D. energy能量。因为把人放下旧身份和蛇蜕皮作类比，蛇蜕皮是抛弃旧的
外皮，对应人要放下过去。故选A项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：保留变化的象征，比如蛇蜕，可以提醒我们重生是自然的。A. convince说
服；B. warn警告；C. remind提醒；D. recall回忆。根据前文“Keeping symbols of change, like a snake’s
skin”以及后文“that rebirth is natural”，保留蛇蜕这种变化的象征，目的是提醒我们重生是自然的过程。故
选C项。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过接受这个过程——带着感激之情放下过去的自己，以开放的心态迎接
新的自己——我们为生活的下一个篇章做好准备。A. hoping希望；B. revealing揭示；C. welcoming迎接；
D. suspecting怀疑。前文提到“letting go of our past self”，与之相对，这里应该是以开放心态迎接新的自己。
故选C项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过接受这个过程——带着感激之情放下过去的自己，以开放的心态迎接
新的自己——我们为生活的下一个篇章做好准备。A. youth青春；B. wonder奇迹；C. harvest收获；D.
chapter篇章。结合前文描述的人在不同阶段的转变以及成长过程，这里把生活的不同阶段比喻成不同的篇
章，所以是为下一个篇章做准备。故选D项。11.（2025·安徽省阜阳市临泉县临泉第二中月考）
The history of human beings is naturally a process to pursue happiness, which is the ultimate purpose of life.
Happiness makes us cope with our careers energetically and harmonise life 1 .
However, the word “pursue” evidences that happiness is like a horizon (地平线), when we move further, it
2 away.
Obviously, defining happiness has 3 mankind for thousands of years because individuals all have
their own 4 and, more critically, human desires are almost limitless. 5 is the common standard for
happiness of merchants, yet their dreams of being billionaires and even zillionaires always follow the fulfilment of
the dreams of being millionaires. The process of struggling for may-be happiness always ends in must-be 6 .
Thus, the definition of happiness can hardly be 7 .Nevertheless, although happiness is indefinable, it is still
easy for us to find the 8 examples of happy people, who, in fact, share three features in common: optimistic
mentality, 9 body, and stable income. It is apparent that most of the sufferings are 10 by external
surroundings and they are nearly unavoidable. Thus, one can only change his mentality to 11 them.
Meanwhile, without health one cannot sustain happiness to enjoy the 12 of life.
Furthermore, to be realistic, a beggar, while struggling in poverty, can never be as 13 as a
millionaire sailing on the Pacific Ocean. Hence, stable income is also significant for achieving happiness.
To summarise, to define happiness will not be so hard if humans can understand happiness in a standard way
and eliminate (消灭) their 14 totally. However, before the realization of this 15 , being
optimistic, healthy, and financially independent may be the “keys” to happiness.
1．A．instantly B．definitely C．permanently D．optimistically
2．A．puts B．backs C．gives D．breaks
3．A．helped B．confused C．changed D．interrupted
4．A．directions B．compositions C．solutions D．interpretations
5．A．Fame B．Health C．Wealth D．Liberty
6．A．success B．sacrifice C．motivation D．dissatisfaction
7．A．settled B．copied C．expected D．expanded
8．A．rare B．unique C．walking D．running
9．A．weak B．slim C．sound D．large
10．A．cut down B．held back C．pulled up D．brought about
11．A．clear B．find C．test D．grasp
12．A．cycle B．sunshine C．outcome D．power13．A．peaceful B．careful C．polite D．practical
14．A．fear B．greed C．dream D．poverty
15．A．goal B．value C．cause D．potential
【答案】
1．D 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．D 11．A
12．B 13．A 14．B 15．A
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕“幸福”这一主题展开，提出人类追求幸福是人生的终极目的，探
讨了幸福定义的困难性，并阐述了实现幸福的可能途径。
1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸福让我们精力充沛地应对事业，乐观地调和生活。A. instantly立刻；B.
definitely肯定地；C. permanently永久地；D. optimistically乐观地。根据空前的“cope with our careers
energetically”可判断，空处指的是“乐观地”面对生活。故选D。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，“追求”一词表明，幸福就像地平线，当我们向前迈进时，它却在
后退。A. puts放置；B. backs支持、后退；C. gives给予；D. breaks打破。根据上文“the word “pursue”
evidences that happiness is like a horizon (地平线), when we move further”以及常理可知，幸福就像地平线，你
追求它，它却越来越遥远，也就是仿佛在后退。故选B。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：显然，数千年来，人类对幸福的定义一直感到困惑，因为每个人都有自己
的诠释，而且更重要的是，人类的欲望几乎是无限的。A. helped帮助；B. confused使困惑；C. changed改
变；D. interrupted打断。根据下文“individuals all have their own ___4___ and, more critically, human desires
are almost limitless.”可推测，每个人对幸福都有自己的诠释，因此，人们对定义幸福感到困惑。故选B。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然，数千年来，人类对幸福的定义一直感到困惑，因为每个人都有自己
的诠释，而且更重要的是，人类的欲望几乎是无限的。A. directions方向；B. compositions作文；C.
solutions解决方案；D. interpretations诠释。根据下文“___5___ is the common standard for happiness of
merchants, yet their dreams of being billionaires and even zillionaires always follow the fulfilment of the dreams of
being millionaires.”可知，下文解释了商人的幸福标准就是得到财富。由此可推测，空处指的是对于幸福的
定义，不同的人有不同的诠释。故选D。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：财富是商人幸福的共同标准，但他们成为亿万富翁甚至万亿富翁的梦想总
是在实现成为百万富翁的梦想之后接踵而至。A. Fame名声；B. Health健康；C. Wealth财富；D. Liberty自
由。根据下文“the common standard for happiness of merchants, yet their dreams of being billionaires and even
zillionaires always follow the fulfilment of the dreams of being millionaires.”可推测，商人的幸福就是成为亿万
富翁甚至万亿富翁，由此可知，对于商人而言，财富就是幸福的标准。故选C。6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为可能的幸福而奋斗的过程往往以必然的不满告终。A. success成功；B.
sacrifice牺牲；C. motivation动机；D. dissatisfaction不满。根据上文“human desires are almost limitless”可
知，人类的欲望是无止尽的，由此可知，这样的追逐幸福的过程必然会带来不满，因为，欲望永远无法得
到满足。故选D。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，幸福的定义很难确定。A. settled定居、确定；B. copied复制；C.
expected期待、预料；D. expanded扩大、扩展。根据下文“although happiness is indefinable”可知，幸福难
以定义。故选A。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，尽管幸福难以定义，但我们仍然很容易找到幸福之人的活生生的
例子，他们实际上有三个共同特征：乐观的心态、健康的身体和稳定的收入。A. rare罕见的；B. unique独
特的；C. walking行走的、活生生的；D. running跑步的。根据上文可知，幸福难以定义；再根据空后
“examples of happy people”可知，尽管很难找到幸福，但是也有活生生的找到幸福之人的例子。故选C。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，尽管幸福难以定义，但我们仍然很容易找到幸福之人的活生生的
例子，他们实际上有三个共同特征：乐观的心态、健康的身体和稳定的收入。A. weak虚弱的；B. slim苗
条的；C. sound健康的；D. large大的。根据下文“Meanwhile, without health one cannot sustain happiness to
enjoy the ___12___ of life.”以及“However, before the realization of this ___15___, being optimistic, healthy, and
financially independent may be the “keys” to happiness”可知，幸福的人都有健康的身体。故选C。
10．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：显然，大多数痛苦都是由外部环境造成的，而这些痛苦几乎是不可避
免的。A. cut down消减、减少；B. held back阻止、阻碍；C. pulled up拔起；D. brought about带来、引起。
根据空后的“by external surroundings and they are nearly unavoidable”可知，这些痛苦是由外部环境造成的。
故选D。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，一个人只能通过改变心态来消除这些痛苦。A. clear清除；B. find发
现、找到；C. test测试；D. grasp抓住、理解。根据上文“they are nearly unavoidable”可知，这些痛苦是无
法避免的；再根据“optimistic mentality”可推测，作者认为想要清除痛苦只能改变心态，变得乐观。故选
A。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同时，没有健康，一个人就无法持续享受幸福，无法沐浴生活的阳光。A.
cycle循环；B. sunshine阳光；C. outcome结果；D. power权力、力量。根据空前的“sustain happiness”可推
测，没有健康，一个人就没有幸福，也就是说，没有办法享受生活的阳光。故选B。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，从现实的角度来看，一个乞丐在贫困中挣扎时，绝不可能像百万
富翁在太平洋上航行时那样平静。A. peaceful和平的、平静的；B. careful小心的；C. polite有礼貌的；D.
practical实用的。根据上文“a beggar, while struggling in poverty”中的“struggling”可推测，空处指的是两种情况的比较，乞丐在贫困中挣扎时，百万富翁在太平洋上航行时很平静。故选A。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：综上所述，如果人类能以标准的方式理解幸福并完全消除贪婪，那么定义
幸福就不会那么困难。A. fear害怕；B. greed贪婪；C. dream梦想；D. poverty贫穷。根据上文“human
desires are almost limitless”可推测，一个人无法满足欲望，消除贪婪，就没办法定义属于自己的幸福。故选
B。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在实现这一目标之前，保持乐观、健康和财务独立可能是通往幸福
的“钥匙”。A. goal目标；B. value价值；C. cause事业、原因；D. potential潜力。根据空前的“the
realization”以及空后的“being optimistic, healthy, and financially independent may be the “keys” to happiness.”
可推测，保持乐观、健康和财务独立可以让我们实现幸福这一目标。故选A。
12.（江苏省南通如皋市2024-2025学年高三上学期期中）
Imagining a human being without historical sense is scary. 1 still is the thought of an entire
generation operating from a position of historical ignorance. And yet that is exactly the 2 in which we
find ourselves today.
The people and events of history may be 3 in the past, but how we talk about those things, what
we write about them, and how we 4 them tell us a lot about who we are and what we 5
right now. Thinking of ourselves as a chapter in an unwritten history book is likely to force deep 6 .
Whose stories will we champion? What values will we defend? What models will we offer ensuing (随后的)
generations? No other subject helps us to understand so 7 what it is to be human.
But the 8 isn’t entirely surprising given the downgraded status of history in most schools.
History is 9 its place in the curriculum with geography, but its attention to time, place and context is
what makes it really 10 . In other words, history doesn’t simply tell us how to be good citizens. It
11 us with the knowledge we need to comprehend our world clearly, and the ability to 12 it
accurately.
Clearly, in an age of “fake news”, we need to be 13 thinkers. There is no better subject than
history to develop a(n) 14 of context and an ability to examine evidence. Just as we anticipate a math
curriculum that systematically builds on blocks of knowledge, we should also 15 a logical history
curriculum for our children.
1．A．Funnier B．Scarier C．Rarer D．Harder
2．A．situation B．atmosphere C．relationship D．experience
3．A．transformed B．rooted C．understood D．absorbed4．A．compose B．design C．teach D．record
5．A．abandon B．possess C．witness D．value
6．A．self-awareness B．self-control C．self-reflection D．self-management
7．A．comprehensively B．instantly C．readily D．independently
8．A．argument B．comment C．conclusion D．ignorance
9．A．getting back B．fighting for C．holding onto D．putting aside
10．A．precise B．convincing C．distinct D．boring
11．A．equips B．connects C．motivates D．impresses
12．A．develop B．control C．analyze D．show
13．A．leading B．critical C．modern D．optimistic
14．A．appreciation B．evaluation C．vision D．belief
15．A．admit B．identify C．follow D．expect
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．A
12．C 13．B 14．A 15．D
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了历史教育的重要性，呼吁加强历史课程以培养批判性思维和
理解能力。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：想到整个一代人对历史无知是更让人害怕的事。A. Funnier更滑稽的；B.
Scarier更令人害怕的；C. Rarer更罕见的；D. Harder更困难的。根据上文“Imagining a human being without
historical sense is scary.(想象一个人没有历史感让人害怕)”可知，整个一代人都对历史无知会更加让人害怕。
故选B。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，这正是我们今天所处的状况。A. situation情况；B. atmosphere气氛；
C. relationship关系；D. experience经验。根据空前“And yet that is exactly the”所描述内容可以推断出，这
正是我们当前所面临的状况。故选A。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：历史上的人物和事件可能植根于过去，但我们如何谈论这些事情、我们写
什么以及我们如何教授它们告诉我们很多关于我们是谁以及我们现在看重什么的信息。A. transformed改变；
B. rooted根植；C. understood理解；D. absorbed吸收。根据空后“in the past”以及“The people and events of
history”与“in the past”之间关系可知，此处指历史人物和事件是根植于过去。故选B。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：历史上的人物和事件可能植根于过去，但我们如何谈论这些事情、我们写
什么以及我们如何教授它们告诉我们很多关于我们是谁以及我们现在看重什么的信息。A. compose创作；
B. design设计；C. teach教授；D. record记录。分析句子可知，此处是并列的三个主语从句，上文“talk”和“write”，这里用“教授”更符合语境。故选C。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：历史上的人物和事件可能植根于过去，但我们如何谈论这些事情、我们写
什么以及我们如何教授它们告诉我们很多关于我们是谁以及我们现在看重什么的信息。A. abandon抛弃；
B. possess拥有；C. witness见证；D. value重视。根据句意“what we 5 right now”更符合我们当前所看重
的是什么,所以故选D。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：把我们自己看作是一本未写历史书中的一章，很可能会引发深刻的自我反
思。A. self-awareness自我意识；B. self-control自我控制；C. self-reflection自我反思；D. self-management
自我管理。根据句意以及上文“Thinking of ourselves”文中的深刻指的更加强调反思，故选C。
7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：没有任何其它学科能比历史更全面地帮助我们了解什么是做人。A.
comprehensively全面地；B. instantly立即；C. readily容易地；D. independently独立地。分析句子可知，空
处需要副词修饰前文的understand，这里指比历史全面的没有。故选A。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这种无知并不完全令人感到意外，因为在大多数学校中，历史课程的地
位被降级了。A. argument争论；B. comment评论；C. conclusion结论；D. ignorance无知。根据上文
“historical ignorance”可知，指人们对于历史的无知。故选D。
9．考查动词词组辨析。句意：历史正在为其在课程中的位置与地理课争夺，但历史关注时间，地点和背
景这点正是使其与众不同的原因。A. getting back回来；B. fighting for争斗；C. holding onto紧握；D.
putting aside放一边。根据下文“its place”可知，历史为其在课程中的位置而争斗。故选B。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：历史正在为其在课程中的位置与地理课争夺，但历史关注时间，地点和
背景这点正是使其与众不同的原因。A. precise精确的；B. convincing令人信服的；C. distinct明显的，独特
的；D. boring乏味的。根据上文“its attention to time, place and context”可知，此处指的是历史课程相对于
其他课程是独特的。故选C。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它使我们拥有理解清楚世界所需的知识，以及准确分析它的能力。A.
equips装备；B. connects连接；C. motivates激励；D. impresses打动。根根据上文“tell us how to be good
citizens”以及下文“us with the knowledg”可知，历史课程是用来给予我们知识和能力，用equips最适合。
故选A。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它使我们拥有理解清楚世界所需的知识，以及准确分析它的能力。A.
develop发展；B. control控制；C. analyze分析；D. show展示。根据前文“comprehend our world clearly”可
知，指出这里的是准确分析世界。故选C。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：显然，在“假新闻”时代，我们需要批判性思维者。A. leading领先的；
B. critical批判的，苛刻的；C. modern现代的；D. optimistic乐观的。根据句意指出新闻谣言中需要批判性思维者。故选B。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有任何学科能像历史这样培养对背景的鉴赏能力和寻找证据的能力了。
A. appreciation欣赏；B. evaluation评价，评估；C. vision视野，远见；D. belief信仰。根据上文“critical
thinkers”以及下文“examine evidence”可知，指出这里表示对背景的鉴赏。故选A。
15．考查动词词组辨析。句意：就像我们期望数学课程系统地建立在知识块的基础上一样，我们也应该期
待为我们的孩子制定一个合乎逻辑的历史课程。A. admit承认；B. identify鉴定，确定；C. follow跟随；D.
expect期待。根据上文“anticipate a math curriculum”可知，空处指要期待合乎逻辑的历史课程。故选D。
13.（四川省内江市第六中学2024-2025学年高三上学期入学考试）
Travel is not a reasonable activity. It makes no 1 to squeeze (挤) yourself into a small seat to go
to a distant place where you don’t 2 the language or know the customs. All is at great 3 . If
we 4 to do a cost-benefit analysis, we’d never go anywhere. Yet we do.
That’s one reason why I’m 5 about travel’s future. In fact, I’d argue travel is an essential
activity, like books and hugs, which are food for the 6 . Right now, we’re between courses, enjoying
where we’ve been and anticipating (期盼) where we’ll go.
In our rush to 7 to the world, we should be mindful of the impact of mass 8 on the
planet. Now is the time to accept the fundamental values of 9 tourism and let them guide our future
10 . Go off the beaten path. Stay longer in destinations. And 11 that the whole point of getting
out there is to see the differences that make the world so 12 .
So go ahead and 13 that trip. It’s good. Plotting a trip is 14 as enjoyable as
actually taking one. Anticipation is its own reward. I’ve 15 first-hand the happiness of anticipatory
travel. My wife, not usually a fan of travel photography, now spends hours on Instagram, staring longingly at
photos of mountains and rice fields. “What’s going on?” I asked one day. “They’re just absolutely amazing,” she
replied. “They make me remember that there is a big, beautiful world out there.”
1．A．mistake B．secret C．sense D．attempt
2．A．doubt B．speak C．choose D．teach
3．A．expense B．length C．risk D．speed
4．A．pretended B．promised C．refused D．stopped
5．A．curious B．worried C．confident D．wrong
6．A．family B．soul C．day D．future
7．A．add B．apply C．return D．compare
8．A．tourism B．media C．production D．market9．A．official B．formal C．comfortable D．sustainable
10．A．lectures B．journeys C．meals D．interviews
11．A．regret B．imagine C．reply D．remember
12．A．noisy B．colorful C．common D．dangerous
13．A．plan B．forget C．miss D．admit
14．A．shortly B．formerly C．nearly D．hardly
15．A．witnessed B．researched C．demanded D．promoted
【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．D
12．B 13．A 14．C 15．A
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了旅行的重要性，倡导可持续旅游，并鼓励人们规划旅行以滋
养心灵。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：把自己挤进一个小座位，去一个你既不讲这种语言也不知道习俗的遥远地
方，这毫无意义。A. mistake错误；B. secret秘密；C. sense意义，感觉；D. attempt尝试。根据后文“to
squeeze (挤) yourself into a small seat to go to a distant place where you don’t 2 the language or know the
customs”可知，此处指这种行为毫无意义。故选C。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. doubt怀疑；B. speak说；C. choose选择；D. teach教。根据“or
know the customs”可知，在一个遥远的地方，你不讲当地的语言。故选B。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有这一切都花费很大。A. expense花费；B. length长度；C. risk风险；D.
speed速度。根据后文的“cost-benefit analysis”可知，此处是指旅游花费大。故选A
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们停下来做成本效益分析，我们哪儿也不会去。A. pretended假装；
B. promised承诺；C. refused拒绝；D. stopped停止。根据后文“we’d never go anywhere”可知，此处是指停
下来做成本效益分析的话，就不会去任何地方。故选D。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是我对旅游的未来充满信心的原因之一。A. curious好奇的；B.
worried担心的；C. confident有信心的；D. wrong错误的。根据后文“In fact, I’d argue travel is an essential
activity”可知，作者对旅游的未来充满信心。故选C。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我认为旅行是一种必要的活动，就像书籍和拥抱一样，是滋养灵
魂的食物。A. family家庭；B. soul灵魂，心灵；C. day日子；D. future未来。根据前文的“like books and
hugs”可知，书籍和拥抱都是滋养灵魂的，因此此处是指旅行也是滋养灵魂的食物。故选B。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们急于向世界回归的时候，我们应该意识到大众旅游对地球的影响。
A. add增加；B. apply应用；C. return回归；D. compare比较。根据后文“we should be mindful of the impactof mass 8 on the planet”可知，此处是指人们急于回到世界旅行。故选C。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. tourism旅游；B. media媒体；C. production生产；D. market市场。
根据前文“the impact of”和后文“on the planet”以及下文“tourism”可知，此处是指大众旅游对地球的影响。
故选A。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在是时候接受可持续旅游的基本价值观，让它们指导我们未来的旅程
了。A. official官方的；B. formal正式的；C. comfortable舒适的；D. sustainable可持续的。根据后文“let
them guide our future”可知，此处是指可持续旅游的基本价值观。故选D。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. lectures讲座；B. journeys旅程；C. meals餐食；D. interviews采访。
根据前文“tourism and let them guide our future”可知，此处是指让这些可持续旅游的基本价值观指导我们未
来的旅程。故选B。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：记住出去旅行的全部意义在于看到那些让世界如此多彩的差异。A. regret
后悔；B. imagine想象；C. reply回复；D. remember记住。根据后文的“the whole point of getting out there
is to see the differences”可知，此处是指记住出去旅行的意义。故选D。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. noisy吵闹的；B. colorful多彩的；C. common普通的；D.
dangerous危险的。根据前文的“see the differences”可知，此处是指看到差异让世界多彩。故选B。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，继续计划你的旅行吧。A. plan计划；B. forget忘记；C. miss错过；
D. admit承认。根据前文的“Go off the beaten path. Stay longer in destinations”及后文“Plotting a trip”可知，
此处是指继续计划你的旅行。故选A。
14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：计划一次旅行几乎和真正去旅行一样令人愉快。A. shortly不久；B.
formerly以前；C. nearly几乎；D. hardly几乎不。根据后文的“as enjoyable as actually taking one”可知，此
处是指计划旅行几乎和真正去旅行一样令人愉快。故选C。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我已经亲眼见证了期待旅行的快乐。A. witnessed见证；B. researched研究；
C. demanded要求；D. promoted促进。根据后文的“the happiness of anticipatory travel”可知，此处是指我亲
眼见证了期待旅行的快乐。故选A。
1.（福建省厦门双十中学2025-2026学年高三上学期开学）
Every year, my children participate in their school’s Spirit Week. Each day has a certain 1 :
Monday is Pajama Day, Tuesday is crazy Hair Day, and Wednesday is Dress as Your Favorite Fictional CharacterDay. On Monday, my kids are overflowing with excitement about 2 their costumes. On Tuesday, the
3 is lower, but they are still willing to try. By Thursday, they will no longer be bothered.
What is engaging on Monday becomes 4 by Friday. It’s natural 5 our brains have a
basic feature that governs every nerve cell, called habituation, which is our tendency to respond less and less to the
same 6 . For example, you enter a bakery, and after about 20 minutes, you no longer 7 the
smell of fresh dessert. Just as you’ve got used to the smell of baked goods, you also get used to the 8 of
going to school in costume.
So, even the sparkle of exciting events 9 after a while. But there’s a way to make the good stuff
“resparkle”: 10 the good experiences into bits. For example, think of a song you like. Do you think you
would enjoy a song more if you listened to it 11 or with short interruptions? When surveyed, most people
said they would 12 interruptions. Yet, research has found people appreciate a song more with 13
. The initial joys will last longer since interruptions 14 habituation. From this perspective, schools should
have five “spirit days” scattered throughout the year 15 having a “spirit week”.
1．A．opportunity B．challenge C．theme D．dilemma
2．A．picking out B．storing up C．searching for D．making up
3．A．regret B．standard C．enthusiasm D．pride
4．A．essential B．available C．tricky D．boring
5．A．if B．because C．unless D．so
6．A．delivery B．knowledge C．stimulation D．illustration
7．A．notice B．mind C．preserve D．adjust
8．A．approach B．relief C．issue D．thrill
9．A．returns B．spreads C．fades D．waves
10．A．engage B．divide C．recall D．mix
11．A．continuously B．randomly C．immediately D．rarely
12．A．welcome B．clarify C．record D．avoid
13．A．backgrounds B．popularity C．breaks D．significance
14．A．reduce B．promote C．deepen D．predict
15．A．regardless of B．instead of C．owing to D．thanks to
【答案】
1．C 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．B 11．A
12．D 13．C 14．A 15．B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过作者孩子参与学校“精神周”活动的例子，探讨了人们对于重复活
动的热情如何随着时间逐渐减退的现象。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天都有一个特定的主题：周一穿睡衣日，周二疯狂发型日，周三穿成你
最喜欢的虚构角色日。A. opportunity机会；B. challenge挑战；C. theme主题；D. dilemma困境。根据下文
的“Monday is Pajama Day, Tuesday is crazy Hair Day, and Wednesday is Dress as Your Favorite Fictional
Character Day”可知，每天都有一个特定的“主题”。故选C项。
2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在周一，我的孩子们对挑选他们的服装感到非常兴奋。A. picking out挑选；
B. storing up储存；C. searching for寻找；D. making up组成。根据上文提到的周一的主题“Monday is
Pajama Day”可知，孩子们需要挑选他们的服装。故选A项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：周二，热情有所降低，但他们仍然愿意尝试。A. regret后悔；B. standard标
准；C. enthusiasm热情；D. pride自豪。根据上文的“On Monday, my kids are overflowing with excitement”
和下文的转折“but they are still willing to try”可知，虽然热情有所降低，但孩子们仍然愿意尝试。故选C
项。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：周一觉得有趣的事情到了周五就变得无聊了。A. essential基本的；B.
available可用的；C. tricky狡猾的；D. boring无聊的。根据上文的“On Tuesday, the 3 is lower, but they
are still willing to try. By Thursday, they will no longer be bothered.”可知，孩子们的热情逐渐降低，到了周五
就变得“无聊了”。故选D项。
5．考查连词词义辨析。句意：这是很正常的，因为我们的大脑具有一种基本特性，即“习惯化”，它控
制着每一个神经细胞，这种特性就是我们对相同刺激反应越来越不强烈的倾向。A. if如果；B. because因
为；C. unless除非；D. so因此。根据下文的“our brains have a basic feature that governs every nerve cell”可
知，这里表示因果关系。故选B项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是很正常的，因为我们的大脑具有一种基本特性，即“习惯化”，它控
制着每一个神经细胞，这种特性就是我们对相同刺激反应越来越不强烈的倾向。A. delivery交付；B.
knowledge知识；C. stimulation刺激；D. illustration说明。根据下文的例子“For example, you enter a bakery,
and after about 20 minutes, you no longer 7 the smell of fresh dessert.”可知，这里指“刺激”，面包店气味
是一种刺激。故选C项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，你走进一家面包店，大约20分钟后，你不再注意到新鲜甜点的香味。
A. notice注意到；B. mind介意；C. preserve保护；D. adjust调整。 根据上文的“you enter a bakery, and
after about 20 minutes”和下文的“you’ve got used to the smell of baked goods”可知，这里指因为习惯了面包
店里新鲜甜点的香味，所以不再“注意”它的香味。故选A项。8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如你已经习惯了烘焙食品的气味一样，你也习惯了穿服装去上学的兴奋。
A. approach方法；B. relief缓解；C. issue问题；D. thrill兴奋。根据第一段的“On Monday, my kids are
overflowing with excitement about 8 their costumes.”可知，这里指“兴奋”。故选D项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，即便是那些令人兴奋的事件所带来的光芒，随着时间的推移也会逐
渐消退。A. returns返回；B. spreads传播；C. fades消失；D. waves波动。根据上文的“Just as you’ve got
used to the smell of baked goods, you also get used to the 8 of going to school in costume.”可知，这里指兴
奋逐渐“消失”。故选C项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但有一种方法可以让好事重新焕发光彩：将好的体验分成小块。A. engage
从事；B. divide分开；C. recall回忆；D. mix混合。根据下文的“the good experiences into bits”可知，这里
指“分开”。故选B项。
11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：你认为如果你连续听这首歌，还是有短暂的中断，你会更喜欢这首歌吗？
A. continuously连续地；B. randomly随机地；C. immediately立即；D. rarely很少。与下文的“or with short
interruptions”形成对比，这里指“连续地”听歌。故选A项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被调查时，大多数人说他们避免中断。A. welcome欢迎；B. clarify澄清；
C. record记录；D. avoid避免。根据Yet和下文的“The initial joys will last longer since interruptions”讲中断
能增加最初的快乐形成对比，调查中多数人表示会避免中断。故选D项。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，研究表明，人们更欣赏有中断的歌曲。A. backgrounds背景；B.
popularity流行；C. breaks中断；D. significance重要性。根据上文的“or with short interruptions”可知，这
里指“中断”的歌曲。故选C项。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最初的快乐会持续更久，因为中断减少了习惯化。A. reduce减少；B.
promote促进；C. deepen加深；D. predict预测。根据上文的“The initial joys will last longer”和下文的
“habituation”可知，中断能减少习惯化，从而延长乐趣。故选A项。
15．考查介词短语辨析。句意：从这个角度看，学校应该在一年中分散五个“精神日”，而不是一个“精
神周”。A. regardless of不管；B. instead of而不是；C. owing to由于；D. thanks to多亏。 根据上文的
“schools should have five ‘spirit days’ scattered throughout the year”和下文的“having a ‘spirit week’”可知，作
者建议将精神日活动分散全年，而不是集中在一周。故选B项。
2.（宁夏银川一中2025-2026学年高三上学期第一次月考）
In the thick of (在……繁忙时) graduate studies at the University of Chicago, Constanza Rodriguez
remembers feeling burnt-out. “Nothing was working in the lab, and I was very 1 ,” Rodriguez says. That’s
when she decided to 2 the school’s Ballroom and Latin Dance Association. Soon, she found herself3 nine or more hours a week, 4 making moves on three-inch heels (高跟鞋). Dancing took hours
away from her research, and yet Rodriguez, who’s now a neurobiologist at the University of Alabama, quickly
5 that it was making her a better researcher. “The time I did spend in the lab was so much more 6 ; I
could feel myself thinking 7 and remembering things better.”
Her experience confirmed an increasing number of research findings about the 8 of the brain:
Molecules (分子) produced by muscles in 9 can improve the structure and condition of the brain.
Scientists used to think that the brain 10 the body, while the body worked passively by sending signals of
11 back to the brain, which was always in charge like a ruler.
However, research in the last few years has 12 that belief. More studies have suggested that
exercise has significant effects on the brain, including 13 the brain’s capacity to regenerate neurons (神
经元) and improving neuron-to-neuron communication. “The emerging data really show that the brain is not this
one-way organ that dominates the 14 of the body,” says muscle researcher Christoph Handschin. “
15 , there’s a complex interaction between these systems.”
1．A．frightened B．stressed C．embarrassed D．confused
2．A．join B．organize C．investigate D．interview
3．A．driving B．suffering C．practicing D．teaching
4．A．nervously B．painfully C．fortunately D．cheerfully
5．A．imagined B．realized C．remembered D．predicted
6．A．efficient B．flexible C．appropriate D．accurate
7．A．honestly B．personally C．creatively D．sympathetically
8．A．safety B．health C．size D．problem
9．A．anxiety B．relief C．harmony D．motion
10．A．examined B．controlled C．followed D．ignored
11．A．sensation B．awareness C．emotion D．preference
12．A．accepted B．restated C．emphasized D．shaken
13．A．reflecting B．evaluating C．increasing D．restricting
14．A．weight B．recovery C．rest D．structure
15．A．Otherwise B．Besides C．Therefore D．Rather
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．B 11．A
12．D 13．C 14．C 15．D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍Constanza Rodriguez通过跳舞缓解学业压力并提升科研效率，进而
引出运动对大脑健康有益的研究发现。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“实验室里的研究进展不顺，我压力非常大。”Rodriguez说。A.
frightened害怕的；B. stressed有压力的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. confused困惑的。根据上文“feeling
burnt-out”和“Nothing was working in the lab”可知，Rodriguez处于压力大的状态。故选B项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，她决定加入学校的交谊舞和拉丁舞协会。A. join加入；B.
organize组织；C. investigate调查；D. interview采访。根据下文“the school’s Ballroom and Latin Dance
Association.”以及下文“making moves on three-inch heels (高跟鞋)”可知，她“加入”该舞蹈协会。故选A
项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，她发现自己每周要练习九个小时甚至更久，还开心地穿着三英寸的
高跟鞋跳舞。A. driving驾驶；B. suffering遭受；C. practicing练习；D. teaching教。根据下文“nine or
more hours a week”和“making moves on three-inch heels (高跟鞋)”可知，她在协会“练习”跳舞。故选C项。
4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：很快，她发现自己每周要练习九个小时甚至更久，还开心地穿着三英寸的
高跟鞋跳舞。A. nervously紧张地；B. painfully痛苦地；C. fortunately幸运地；D. cheerfully开心地。下文
“quickly ____5____ that it was making her a better researcher.”提到跳舞让她成为更好的研究者，可推断她跳
舞时是愉悦的，“cheerfully”符合语境。故选D项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：跳舞占用了她大量研究时间，但如今已是阿拉巴马大学神经生物学家的
Rodriguez很快意识到，跳舞让她成为了更优秀的研究者。A. imagined想象；B. realized意识到；C.
remembered记得；D. predicted预测。根据下文“that it was making her a better researcher”以及“I could feel
myself thinking ____7____ and remembering things better.”可知，此处指她“意识到”跳舞所带来的积极影响。
故选B项。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我在实验室里的时间效率高多了；我能感觉到自己思维更有创造性，
记忆力也更好了。”A. efficient高效的；B. flexible灵活的；C. appropriate适当的；D. accurate准确的。根
据下文“I could feel myself thinking ____7____ and remembering things better.”可知，她在实验室的时间“效
率”更高。故选A项。
7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我在实验室里的时间效率高多了；我能感觉到自己思维更有创造性，记
忆力也更好了。”A. honestly诚实地；B. personally在个人看来，亲自；C. creatively创造性地，有创造力
地；D. sympathetically同情地。根据上文“making her a better researcher”以及下文“remembering things
better.”可知，跳舞给她带来了积极的影响，思维更“有创造性”，符合科研所需能力以及跳舞所带来的积
极变化。故选C项。8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的经历印证了越来越多关于大脑健康的研究发现：肌肉在运动时产生的
分子可以改善大脑的结构和状态。A. safety安全；B. health健康；C. size尺寸；D. problem问题。根据下文
“improve the structure and condition of the brain”可知，研究发现是关于大脑的“健康”。故选B项。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的经历印证了越来越多关于大脑健康的研究发现：肌肉在运动时产生的
分子可以改善大脑的结构和状态。A. anxiety焦虑；B. relief宽慰，减轻，消除；C. harmony和谐；D.
motion运动。根据上文“Dancing took hours away from her research, and yet Rodriguez, who’s now a
neurobiologist at the University of Alabama, quickly ____5____ that it was making her a better researcher.”讲述的
Rodriguez通过跳舞（运动）受益，可知此处指“肌肉在运动中”产生的分子，“motion”符合语境。故选
D项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家们过去认为大脑控制着身体，而身体则被动地向大脑发送感觉信号，
大脑始终像统治者一样掌控着一切。A. examined检查；B. controlled控制；C. followed跟随；D. ignored忽
视。根据下文“while the body worked passively by sending signals of ____11____ back to the brain, which was
always in charge like a ruler”可知，过去认为大脑“控制”身体。故选B项。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家们过去认为大脑控制着身体，而身体则被动地向大脑发送感觉信号，
大脑始终像统治者一样掌控着一切。A. sensation感觉，知觉；B. awareness意识；C. emotion情绪；D.
preference偏好。根据空前“sending signals of ”、下文“back to the brain”以及常识可知，此处指身体向大
脑传递“感觉”信号，符合生理机制，“sensation”符合语境。故选A项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，过去几年的研究动摇了这一观点。A. accepted接受；B. restated重申，
重新表述；C. emphasized强调；D. shaken动摇。根据下文“More studies have suggested that exercise has
significant effects on the brain, including ____13____ the brain’s capacity to regenerate neurons (神经元) and
improving neuron-to-neuron communication. ”可知，新的研究发现表明运动对大脑有显著影响，上一段指出
科学家们过去认为大脑像统治者一样掌控着一切，而身体则被动地向大脑发送感觉信号，由此可知，此处
指近几年的研究“动摇”了旧观念。故选D项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：更多研究表明，运动对大脑有显著影响，包括提高大脑再生神经元的能力
和改善神经元间的交流。A. reflecting反映；B. evaluating评估；C. increasing提高；D. restricting限制。根
据下文“improving neuron-to-neuron communication”可知，此处阐述运动对大脑的积极影响，increasing“提
高”符合语境，指提高大脑再生神经元的能力。故选C项。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：肌肉研究员Christoph Handschin说：“新的数据确实表明，大脑并非是控
制身体其他部分的单向器官。”A. weight重量；B. recovery恢复；C. rest其余部分，其他部分；D.
structure结构。根据上文“Scientists used to think that the brain ____10____ the body”以及下文“there’s acomplex interaction between these systems”可知，人们过去普遍认为大脑控制着身体的其他部分。故选C项。
15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“相反，这些系统之间存在复杂的相互作用。”A. Otherwise否则；B.
Besides此外；C. Therefore因此；D. Rather相反。根据下文“there’s a complex interaction between these
systems.”可知，上文否定旧观点（大脑单向主导），下文提出新看法（系统间相互作用），“Rather”表示
“（提出不同或相反的观点）相反”符合语境。故选D项。
3.（江西省上饶中学2024-2025学年高二（新高三）下学期适应演练）
Located in the southern Peloponnesian peninsula, Pavlopetri (the modern name of the site) emerged as a
Neolithic (新石器时代的) settlement around 3500 B．C． and became an important trading center for
Mycenaean Greece (1650 — 1180 B．C．). This area of the Aegean Sea is 1 to earthquakes and
tsunamis, which caused the city to 2 sink. The slow sea level rise in Mediterranean 3 this city
around 3000 years ago.
For millennia, the city's 4 lay unseen below some 13 feet of water. They were covered by a thick
layer of sand 5 the island of Laconia. In recent decades, shifting 6 and climate change have
eroded (侵蚀) a natural barrier that 7 Pavlopetri. In 1967 a scientific survey of the Peloponnesian coast
was 8 data to analyze changes in sea levels 9 British oceanographer Nicholas Flemming first
spotted the sunken 10 . A year later, he returned with a few students to 11 the location and map
the site. Despite the exciting initial finds, the site would lie undisturbed for decades before archaeologists would
return.
In 2009 archaeologists Chrysanthi Gallou and Jon Henderson resumed the excavation of Pavlopetri in
cooperation with the Greek Ministry of Culture. Since the 1960s, underwater archaeology 12 and tools
had made huge advances. The team employed robotics, sonar mapping, and state-of-the-art graphics to survey the
site. From 2009 to 2013 they were able to bring the underwater town to 13 Covering about two and a half
acres, Pavlopetri’s three main roads 14 some 50 rectangular buildings, all of which had open courtyards.
Excavations revealed a large number of Minoan-style loom weights, 15 Pavlopetri was a thriving trade
center with a robust textile industry.
1．A．relevant B．prone C．available D．alien
2．A．accidentally B．frequently C．gradually D．temporarily
3．A．disguised B．submerged C．relocated D．isolated
4．A．legends B．programs C．remains D．surroundings
5．A．across B．off C．under D．via6．A．currents B．rivers C．seasons D．winds
7．A．elevated B．separated C．comprised D．protected
8．A．gathering B．restoring C．updating D．supplying
9．A．when B．until C．after D．once
10．A．belongings B．resources C．products D．structures
11．A．preserve B．select C．display D．examine
12．A．policies B．theories C．documents D．techniques
13．A．effect B．light C．reality D．mind
14．A．crossed B．connected C．blocked D．altered
15．A．expecting B．suggesting C．predicting D．recalling
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．A 10．D 11．D
12．D 13．B 14．B 15．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述帕夫洛彼特里作为新石器时代定居点和贸易中心，因地震海啸等沉入
海底，后经考古发掘展现其面貌。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。 句意：爱琴海的这一地区容易发生地震和海啸，这导致这座城市逐渐下沉。A.
relevant相关的；B. prone易于……的；C. available可获得的；D. alien陌生的。根据下文“to earthquakes
and tsunamis”以及语境可知，这里指爱琴海的这一地区容易发生地震和海啸，be prone to，为固定搭配，意
为“易于……”，符合该地区易受地震和海啸影响的语境。故选B项。
2．考查副词词义辨析。 句意：爱琴海的这一地区容易发生地震和海啸，这导致这座城市逐渐下沉。A.
accidentally偶然地；B. frequently频繁地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. temporarily暂时地。根据下文“slow sea
level rise”可知，这里指城市是逐渐下沉的，gradually与slow相呼应。故选C项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。 句意：大约3000年前，地中海海平面的上升将这座城市淹没。A. disguised伪装；
B. submerged淹没；C. relocated重新安置；D. isolated孤立。根据上文“slow sea level rise”以及语境可知，
这里指城市被上升的海水淹没，submerged符合语境。故选B项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。 句意：数千年来，这座城市的遗迹一直隐藏在约13英尺深的水下。A. legends传
说；B. programs项目；C. remains遗迹；D. surroundings环境。根据下文“lay unseen below some 13 feet of
water”和“excavation”可知，这里指水下是城市的遗迹，remains指遗留的建筑残骸，符合语境。故选C项。
5．考查介词词义辨析。 句意：它们被拉科尼亚岛附近的一层厚厚的沙子覆盖。A. across穿过；B. off
在……附近；C. under在……下面；D. via通过。根据下文“the island of Laconia”以及语境可知，这里指
off the island，表示“在岛屿附近”，符合沙子覆盖在岛屿周边海域的语境。故选B项。6．考查名词词义辨析。 句意：近几十年来，不断变化的洋流和气候变化侵蚀了保护帕夫洛彼特里的自然
屏障。A. currents洋流；B. rivers河流；C. seasons季节；D. winds风。根据上文“shifting”和下文“eroded a
natural barrier”可知，这里指洋流的变化导致屏障被侵蚀，currents符合海洋环境的语境。故选A项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。 句意：近几十年来，不断变化的洋流和气候变化侵蚀了保护帕夫洛彼特里的自然
屏障。A. elevated提升；B. separated分离；C. comprised包含；D. protected保护。根据上文“eroded”可知，
这里指原本自然屏障保护着遗迹，protected与eroded形成对比。故选D项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。 句意：1967年，一项伯罗奔尼撒海岸的科学调查正在收集数据分析海平面变化时，
英国海洋学家尼古拉斯・弗莱明首次发现沉没的建筑。A. gathering收集；B. restoring恢复；C. updating更
新；D. supplying供应。根据下文“data”以及语境可知，这里表示科学调查正在收集数据分析海平面变化，
即“gathering data”，符合科学调查的目的。故选A项。
9．考查连词词义辨析。 句意：1967年，一项伯罗奔尼撒海岸的科学调查正在收集数据分析海平面变化时，
英国海洋学家尼古拉斯・弗莱明首次发现沉没的建筑。A. when当……时；B. until直到；C. after在……之
后；D. once一旦。根据下文“British oceanographer Nicholas Flemming first spotted the sunken 1 0 ”
以及语境可知，这里应用when引导时间状语从句，指在收集数据的过程中发现遗迹。故选A项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。 句意：1967年，一项伯罗奔尼撒海岸的科学调查正在收集数据分析海平面变化
时，英国海洋学家尼古拉斯・弗莱明首次发现沉没的建筑。A. belongings所有物；B. resources资源；C.
products产品；D. structures建筑。根据下文“rectangular buildings”可知，发现的是沉没的“建筑”，
structures为同义词复现。故选D项。
11．考查动词词义辨析。 句意：一年后，他带着几个学生返回该地点进行考察并绘制遗址地图。A.
preserve保护；B. select选择；C. display展示；D. examine考察。根据下文“map the site”可知，这里指返
回的目的是考察遗址，examine符合语境。故选D项。
12．考查名词词义辨析。 句意：自20世纪60年代以来，水下考古技术和工具取得了巨大进步。A.
policies政策；B. theories理论；C. documents文件；D. techniques技术。根据下文“and tools ”以及语境语
境可知，这里指水下考古技术和工具取得了巨大进步，此空与“tools”并列，techniques，表示“技术”，
符合考古进步的语境。故选D项。
13．考查名词词义辨析。 句意：从2009年到2013年，他们得以将水下城镇展现出来。A. effect效果；B.
light光；C. reality现实；D. mind思想。根据上文“bring the underwater town to”以及语境可知，这里指他
们得以将水下城镇展现出来，bring...to light，为固定搭配，意为“揭示、展现”，指通过考古让遗址为人
所知。故选B项。
14．考查动词词义辨析。 句意：帕夫洛佩特里的三条主要道路占地约两英亩半，连接着大约50座长方形建筑，所有建筑都有开放式庭院。A. crossed穿过；B. connected连接；C. blocked阻挡；D. altered改变。
根据下文“some 50 rectangular buildings”以及语境可知，这里指三条主要道路连接着大约50座长方形建筑，
roads connected buildings，表示“道路连接建筑”，符合城市规划的常识。故选B项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。 句意：挖掘出土了大量米诺斯风格的织机砝码，表明帕夫洛彼特里是一个繁荣
的贸易中心，拥有蓬勃发展的纺织业。A. expecting期待；B. suggesting表明；C. predicting预测；D.
recalling回忆。根据下文“Pavlopetri was a thriving trade center with a robust textile industry”以及语境可知，
这里指挖掘出的物品表明表明帕夫洛彼特里曾拥有蓬勃发展的纺织业，suggesting，在此处表示“暗示、表
明”，根据考古发现推断城市的功能。故选B项。
4.（2025届河北省秦皇岛市河北昌黎第一中学高三二轮复习收官检测）
In the well-known classic scene from the movie Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, a young girl becomes
impatient. She 1 her foot and shouts, “I want an Oompa Loompa right away!” as her father rushes to get
her one. The more common situation in daily life is that a kid 2 at the grocery checkout counter, yelling
to get some candy. Other shoppers shake their heads or give a 3 look as they watch the frustrated parent
pick up a candy bar from the shelf and 4 it to the child.
We can 5 such behavior as spoiled, over-loved or entitled. No matter what it is, children who
figure out that their tantrums (脾气) and demands can get them what they desire may 6 not only
managing the family when they’re teenagers but also having 7 in their relationships as adults. Thinking
that the world revolves around them makes others view them as self-centered, 8 and thoughtless of
others. They often face problems at work, and their family life is full of constant conflicts, which makes everyone
feel 9 cautious.
So, how can we prevent 10 a spoiled child? Rewards are always more effective than
punishments. A general principle is to take action and remain as calm as possible when you need to set 11
. And when your child doesn’t throw a tantrum at the checkout and is behaving 12 , it’s time to
celebrate. The problem with constantly 13 and providing few rewards is that the child learns to seek
negative attention, which, for a child, seems better than no 14 at all. Setting aside regular quality time,
like half an hour before bedtime or a weekend outing with a teenager, can have a (n) 15 impact as
well.
1．A．stamps B．kicks C．drags D．jumps
2．A．turns around B．breaks down C．sets off D．blows up
3．A．curious B．disapproving C．frightened D．doubtful4．A．show B．point C．hand D．target
5．A．label B．act C．serve D．function
6．A．rely on B．end up C．aim at D．refer to
7．A．meanings B．differences C．advances D．challenges
8．A．demanding B．flexible C．emotional D．promising
9．A．gradually B．frequently C．extremely D．naturally
10．A．meeting B．raising C．punishing D．ignoring
11．A．limits B．expectations C．deadlines D．budgets
12．A．poorly B．rudely C．appropriately D．successfully
13．A．praising B．blaming C．distancing D．comforting
14．A．interest B．attention C．demand D．strength
15．A．impressive B．renewable C．positive D．considerable
【答案】
1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．A
12．C 13．B 14．B 15．C
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了孩子通过发脾气和提要求来达到目的这种行为的不良影响，以及
如何避免培养出被宠坏的孩子的方法。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她跺着脚喊道：“我现在就想要一个奥帕伦帕人！” 与此同时，她的父亲
急忙去给她找一个。A. stamps跺（脚）；B. kicks踢；C. drags拖，拉；D. jumps跳。根据上文“a young
girl becomes impatient”可知，小女孩变得不耐烦，结合空后的“her foot and shouts”可知，此处表示她“跺
着脚”大喊，stamp one's foot意为“跺脚”，符合语境。故选A项。
2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在日常生活中更常见的情况是，一个孩子在杂货店的收银台前大发脾气，
大喊着要一些糖果。A. turns around转身；B. breaks down分解，出故障；C. sets off出发，引发；D. blows
up爆发（脾气等）。根据下文“yelling to get some candy”可知，孩子大喊着要糖果，由此可推断出，孩子
在收银台前“大发脾气”。故选D项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其他购物者看着沮丧的父母从货架上拿起一块糖果递给孩子时，他们摇
摇头或投以不赞成的目光。A. curious好奇的；B. disapproving不赞成的；C. frightened害怕的；D. doubtful
怀疑的。根据上文“Other shoppers shake their heads”可知，其他购物者摇头，由此可推断出，他们对父母
给孩子拿糖果这种行为是“不赞成的”。故选B项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. show展示；B. point指向；C. hand递给；D. target把……作为目标。
根据上文“the frustrated parent pick up a candy bar from the shelf”可知，父母从货架上拿起糖果，结合空后的“it to the child”可知，此处表示父母把糖果“递给”孩子。故选C项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可以把这种行为称为被宠坏的、被过度溺爱的或认为自己有特权的。
A. label把……称为，贴标签于；B. act行动；C. serve服务；D. function起作用。根据下文“such behavior
as spoiled, over-loved or entitled”可知，此处表示把这种行为“称为”被宠坏的、被过度溺爱的或认为自己
有特权的。故选A项。
6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：不管是什么情况，那些认为自己的发脾气和要求能让他们得到想要的东西
的孩子，最终可能不仅在青少年时期难以管理家庭，而且在成年后的人际关系中也会面临挑战。A. rely on
依靠；B. end up最终成为，最后处于；C. aim at旨在；D. refer to参考，涉及。根据上文“children who
figure out that their tantrums (脾气) and demands can get them what they desire”结合下文“not only managing
the family when they’re teenagers but also having ____7____ in their relationships as adults”可知，那些认为发脾
气和提要求能得到想要东西的孩子，最终会在青少年时期管理家庭和成年后的人际关系方面面临问题。
end up doing sth.意为“最终做某事”，常形容不好的结果，符合语境。故选B项。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. meanings意义；B. differences不同；C. advances进步；D.
challenges挑战。根据上文“children who figure out that their tantrums (脾气) and demands can get them what
they desire”可知，这些孩子习惯用发脾气和提要求来满足自己，结合上文“not only managing the family
when they’re teenagers”可知，这样的孩子在青少年时期管理家庭会有困难，由此可推断，他们在成年后的
人际关系中也会面临“挑战”。故选D项。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：认为世界围着他们转，会让别人认为他们以自我为中心、要求苛刻、不
考虑别人。A. demanding要求高的，苛刻的；B. flexible灵活的；C. emotional情感的；D. promising有前途
的。根据上文“Thinking that the world revolves around them”可知，这些孩子以自我为中心，结合上文
“children who figure out that their tantrums (脾气) and demands can get them what they desire”可知，他们习惯
通过发脾气提要求来满足自己，由此可推断，别人会认为他们“要求苛刻”。故选A项。
9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们在工作中经常面临问题，他们的家庭生活也充满了不断的冲突，这让
每个人都感到非常谨慎。A. gradually逐渐地；B. frequently频繁地；C. extremely非常；D. naturally自然地。
根据上文“They often face problems at work, and their family life is full of constant conflicts”可知，他们工作有
问题，家庭生活也充满冲突，由此可推断，这种情况会让每个人都“非常”谨慎。故选C项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那么，我们怎样才能避免养育出一个被宠坏的孩子呢？A. meeting遇见；
B. raising养育；C. punishing惩罚；D. ignoring忽视。根据上文“They often face problems at work, and their
family life is full of constant conflicts”描述的被宠坏孩子的不良行为和影响，以及后面提出的避免这种情况
的方法可知，此处表示如何避免“养育”出被宠坏的孩子。故选B项。11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一般原则是，当你需要设定界限时，采取行动并尽可能保持冷静。A.
limits界限；B. expectations期望；C. deadlines截止日期；D. budgets预算。根据上文提到的孩子通过发脾
气和提要求来达到目的的不良行为，以及下文“And when your child doesn’t throw a tantrum at the checkout
and is behaving ____12____ , it’s time to celebrate.”可知，当孩子在收银台不发脾气并表现良好时就值得庆祝，
由此可推断，此处表示当需要给孩子设定“界限”时要采取行动并保持冷静。故选A项。
12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当你的孩子在收银台前没有发脾气，表现得恰当时，是时候庆祝了。A.
poorly 糟糕地；B. rudely粗鲁地；C. appropriately恰当地；D. successfully成功地。根据上文“And when
your child doesn’t throw a tantrum at the checkout”可知，孩子在收银台前没有发脾气，由此可推断，此时孩
子的行为是“恰当的”。故选C项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不断指责而很少给予奖励的问题在于，孩子学会了寻求负面关注，对孩子
来说，这似乎总比完全没有关注要好。A. praising表扬；B. blaming指责；C. distancing使远离；D.
comforting安慰。根据上文“Rewards are always more effective than punishments.”以及空后的“and providing
few rewards”可知，此处表示不断“指责”孩子而很少给予奖励。故选B项。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. interest兴趣；B. attention关注；C. demand要求；D. strength力量。
根据上文“The problem with constantly ____13____ and providing few rewards is that the child learns to seek
negative attention”可知，不断指责而很少给予奖励会让孩子学会寻求负面关注，结合空后的“at all”可知，
此处表示对孩子来说，寻求负面关注似乎比完全没有“关注”要好。故选B项。
15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：留出固定的优质时间，比如睡前半小时或和青少年一起周末郊游，也会
产生积极的影响。A. impressive令人印象深刻的；B. renewable可再生的；C. positive积极的；D.
considerable相当大的。根据上文“Rewards are always more effective than punishments.”以及“Setting aside
regular quality time, like half an hour before bedtime or a weekend outing with a teenager”可知，奖励比惩罚更有
效，留出固定的优质时间陪伴孩子，由此可推断，这样做会产生“积极的”影响。故选C项。
5.（2025·山西省晋中市高三下学期4月质量检测）
When we encounter a problem, we often gather a group to brainstorm, with the hope to maximize collective
intelligence. However, many good ideas are lost while few are 1 at such kind of meetings.
In an interview, psychologist Anita Woolley explained why this 2 does not work. “The 3
isn’t the brainstorming sessions themselves. It’s how we 4 them,” said Anita Woolley. “Think about the
brainstorming sessions you’ve attended. You’ve probably seen people 5 their tongues because many of
them don’t want to look stupid or they are under pressure to follow the most 6 people.”
To 7 the hidden potential in teams, instead of brainstorming, Woolley recommended a process calledbrainwriting. It starts by asking everyone to generate ideas 8 . Then the organizer 9 the ideas among
the group without mentioning who have written them. To preserve independent judgment, each member 10
them on their own. Only then does the team come together to 11 the most promising options.
“Collective intelligence begins with individual creativity,” Woolley added. “The brainwriting process makes
sure that all ideas are brought to the table and all 12 are brought into the conversation.”
But it shouldn’t 13 there. Individuals come up with more 14 ideas than groups but also more
terrible ideas than groups. It takes collective intelligence to 15 them.
1．A．tested B．gained C．discouraged D．lost
2．A．plan B．machine C．program D．method
3．A．problem B．interest C．cost D．solution
4．A．see B．avoid C．run D．forget
5．A．bite B．brush C．check D．hurt
6．A．humorous B．powerful C．attractive D．responsible
7．A．ignore B．assess C．unearth D．prove
8．A．fluently B．bravely C．carefully D．separately
9．A．stops B．shares C．criticizes D．accepts
10．A．evaluates B．interviews C．welcomes D．thanks
11．A．refer to B．make up C．adapt to D．focus on
12．A．friends B．mistakes C．voices D．women
13．A．go B．end C．meet D．admit
14．A．funny B．formal C．realistic D．brilliant
15．A．identify B．sign C．defeat D．blame
【答案】
1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．D
12．C 13．B 14．D 15．A
【解析】本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了头脑风暴会议在激发集体智慧方面的局限性，并介绍了一种名为
“书面头脑风暴”的替代方法。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在这样的会议上，许多好主意都失去了，而得到的却很少。A. tested
测试；B. gained得到；C. discouraged使受挫；D. lost丢失。根据上文“many good ideas are lost”可知，能
得到的很少，空格处意为“得到”。故选B。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一次采访中，心理学家Anita Woolley解释了为什么这种方法不起作用。A. plan计划；B. machine机器；C. program程序；D. method方法。根据第一段“we often gather a group to
brainstorm”可知，第一段提到了一种方法，此处表示Anita Woolley解释为什么这种方法不起作用。故选
D。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题不在于头脑风暴会议本身。A. problem问题；B. interest兴趣；C. cost
成本；D. solution解决办法。根据上文“Anita Woolley explained why this method does not work”可知，此处
表示问题不在于头脑风暴会议本身。故选A。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这在于我们进行会议的方式。A. see看见；B. avoid避免；C. run运行，进
行；D. forget忘记。根据上文“the brainstorming sessions”可知，问题在于我们进行会议的方式，空格处用
“进行”。故选C。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可能会看到人们忍住不说话，因为他们中的许多人不想显得愚蠢，或者
他们迫于压力而跟随最有权势的人。A. bite咬；B. brush刷；C. check检查；D. hurt伤害。根据下文
“because many of them don’t want to look stupid or they are under pressure”可知，你可能会看到人们住不说话。
固定搭配bite one’s tongue表示忍住不说。故选A。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你可能会看到人们忍住不说话，因为他们中的许多人不想显得愚蠢，或
者他们迫于压力而跟随最有权势的人。A. humorous幽默的；B. powerful强大的；C. attractive有吸引力的；
D. responsible负责的。根据上文“many of them don’t want to look stupid or they are under pressure to follow
the most”可知，那些人迫于压力而跟随最有权势的人。故选B。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了挖掘团队中隐藏的潜力，伍利推荐了一种叫做“书面头脑风暴”的方
法，而不是头脑风暴。A. ignore忽视；B. assess评估；C. unearth发掘；D. prove证明。根据下文“the
hidden potential in teams”可知，此处是指挖掘潜力。故选C。
8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：首先要求每个人分别产生想法。A. fluently流利地；B. bravely勇敢地；C.
carefully仔细地；D. separately分别地。根据下文“To preserve independent judgment”可知，每个人分别产
生想法。故选D。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后组织者在小组中分享这些想法，而不提及是谁写的。A. stops停止；B.
shares分享；C. criticizes批评；D. accepts接受。根据下文“the ideas among the group without mentioning
who have written them”可知，此处是指分享每个人的想法。故选B。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为保持独立判断，每位成员自行对这些想法进行评估。A. evaluates评估；
B. interviews采访；C. welcomes欢迎；D. thanks感谢。根据上文“To preserve independent judgmen”以及下
文“them on their own”可知，每个成员自己评估这些想法。故选A。
11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：只有这样，团队才会聚集在一起，专注于最有希望的选择。A. refer to提到；B. make up编造；C. adapt to适应；D. focus on专注于。根据下文“the most promising options”可知，团队
聚集在一起，专注于最有希望的选择。故选D。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：书面头脑风暴的过程确保了所有的想法都被提上了台面，所有的声音都被
纳入了对话。A. friends朋友；B. mistakes错误；C. voices声音；D. women女人。根据上文“The
brainwriting process makes sure that all ideas are brought to the table”可知，所有的想法都被提上台面，所有的
声音都被纳入对话。故选C。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但它不应该就此结束。A. go去；B. end结束；C. meet见面；D. admit承认。
根据下文“but also more terrible ideas than groups”可知，这个过程不应该就这么结束。故选B。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：个人比团体能想出更多的好主意，但同时也会想出更多糟糕的点子。A.
funny有趣的；B. formal正式的；C. realistic现实的；D. brilliant极棒的，好的。根据上文“than groups but
also more terrible ideas than groups”可知，人比团体能想出更多的好主意，空格处意为“极棒的,好的”。故
选D。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：识别它们需要集体智慧。A. identify识别；B. sign签名；C. defeat打败；D.
blame责备。根据上文“Individuals come up with more brilliant ideas than groups but also more terrible ideas
than groups”可知，个人比团体能想出更多的好主意，但同时也会想出更多糟糕的点子，所以要识别它们需
要集体智慧。故选A。
6.（2025届河南省高三上学期第一次联考）
Most people love to 1 . Whether it’s a novel, a short story, or even a magazine article, reading can
be a wonderful way to escape from the 2 of everyday life. It can transport you to different 3 ,
introduce you to interesting characters, and even teach you new things. However, for some people, reading can be a
challenge. This is especially true for those who struggle with 4 . Dyslexia is a learning disability that
affects the ability to read, write, and spell. People with dyslexia may have difficulty recognizing 5 and
understanding how sounds relate to letters and words. As a result, reading can feel like a 6 task. Despite
these challenges, many people with dyslexia are able to overcome them and develop strategies to improve their
reading skills. With support from teachers, tutors, and family members, individuals with dyslexia can learn to
7 their reading difficulties and enjoy the benefits of reading.
In addition to helping you relax, reading can also 8 your vocabulary and improve your cognitive
abilities. Research has shown that avid readers tend to have 9 vocabularies and better comprehension
skills than non-readers. Furthermore, reading can stimulate your imagination and 10 creativity. By
exposing yourself to new ideas and perspectives, you can expand your 11 horizons and develop a deeperunderstanding of the world around you.
Even if you don’t enjoy reading, there are 12 ways to access information and learn new things.
You can listen to audio books, watch educational videos, or participate in 13 discussions. The important
thing is to find a method that works best for you and 14 to engage with content that interests you.
In conclusion, reading is a valuable 15 that can enrich your life in many ways. Whether you’re
reading for pleasure or learning something new, the benefits of reading are undeniable.
1．A．swim B．read C．cook D．dance
2．A．peace B．chaos C．boredom D．excitement
3．A．countries B．centuries C．adventures D．challenges
4．A．dyslexia B．memory loss C．insomnia D．amnesia
5．A．shapes B．colors C．numbers D．letters
6．A．enjoyable B．daunting C．familiar D．relaxing
7．A．overcome B．ignore C．hide D．embrace
8．A．expand B．decrease C．limit D．neglect
9．A．limited B．extensive C．narrow D．small
10．A．stifle B．foster C．discourage D．suppress
11．A．narrow B．broad C．limited D．confined
12．A．alternative B．traditional C．familiar D．conventional
13．A．isolated B．solitary C．social D．private
14．A．refuse B．hesitate C．file D．strive
15．A．hobby B．chore C．luxury D．activity
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．B 11．B
12．A 13．C 14．D 15．D
【解析】这是一篇议论文。阅读可逃避日常无聊，带来诸多益处，虽阅读障碍者面临挑战，但有克服办法，
且还有替代方式获取知识 。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数人喜欢阅读。A. swim游泳；B. read阅读；C. cook烹饪；D. dance跳
舞。根据下文“Whether it’s a novel, a short story, or even a magazine article, reading can be a wonderful way”可
知，这里说的是大多数人喜欢阅读，read是原词复现。故选B项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论是小说、短篇小说，甚至是杂志文章，阅读都是一种很好的逃避日常
生活无聊的方式。A. peace和平；B. chaos混乱；C. boredom无聊；D. excitement兴奋。根据上文“escapefrom”以及常识可知，阅读是一种消遣方式，能让人逃避日常生活的无聊。故选C项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它可以带你去不同的国家，把你介绍给有趣的人物，甚至教你新的东西。
A. countries国家；B. centuries世纪；C. adventures冒险；D. challenges挑战。根据上文“transport you to
different”以及阅读的作用可知，阅读可以让人了解不同地方，即不同的国家。故选A项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于那些有阅读障碍的人来说尤其如此。A. dyslexia阅读障碍；B. memory
loss失忆；C. insomnia失眠；D. amnesia健忘症。根据下文“Dyslexia is a learning disability that affects the
ability to read, write, and spell”可知，这里说的是对于有阅读障碍的人，阅读是个挑战，dyslexia是原词复现。
故选A项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有阅读障碍的人可能在识别字母和理解声音与字母和单词之间的关系方面
有困难。A. shapes形状；B. colors颜色；C. numbers数字；D. letters字母。根据上文“Dyslexia is a learning
disability that affects the ability to read, write, and spell”以及下文“understanding how sounds relate to letters and
words”可知，阅读障碍影响读写和拼写，所以在识别字母方面有困难。故选D项。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，阅读可能感觉像是一项艰巨的任务。A. enjoyable令人愉快的；B.
daunting艰巨的，令人畏惧的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. relaxing放松的。根据上文“People with dyslexia may
have difficulty recognizing 5 and understanding how sounds relate to letters and words”可知，有阅读障碍的
人阅读有困难，所以阅读对他们来说是艰巨的任务。故选B项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在老师、导师和家人的支持下，有阅读障碍的人可以学会克服他们的阅读
困难，享受阅读的好处。A. overcome克服；B. ignore忽视；C. hide隐藏；D. embrace拥抱。根据上文
“Despite these challenges, many people with dyslexia are able to overcome them”以及下文“enjoy the benefits
of reading”可知，在他人支持下，有阅读障碍的人能克服困难从而享受阅读。故选A项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了帮助你放松，阅读还可以扩大你的词汇量，提高你的认知能力。A.
expand扩大；B. decrease减少；C. limit限制；D. neglect忽视。根据下文“improve your cognitive abilities”
以及常识可知，阅读能增加词汇量，expand符合语境，即扩大词汇量。故选A项。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，热爱阅读的人往往比不阅读的人拥有更广泛的词汇量和更好
的理解能力。A. limited有限的；B. extensive广泛的；C. narrow狭窄的；D. small小的。根据下文“and
better comprehension skills than non-readers”以及阅读对词汇量的积极影响可知，热爱阅读的人词汇量更广泛。
故选B项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，阅读可以激发你的想象力，培养创造力。A. stifle抑制；B. foster培
养，促进；C. discourage使气馁；D. suppress镇压。根据上文“stimulate your imagination”以及阅读的积极
作用可知，阅读能培养创造力，foster符合语境。故选B项。11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过接触新的想法和观点，你可以拓宽你的视野，对周围的世界有更深
刻的理解。A. narrow狭窄的；B. broad广泛的，宽阔的；C. limited有限的；D. confined受限的。根据下文
“horizons”以及阅读能让人接触新想法和观点可知，这里是拓宽视野。故选B项。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使你不喜欢阅读，也有其他方法可以获取信息和学习新事物。A.
alternative可供替代的；B. traditional传统的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. conventional常规的。根据下文“You
can listen to audio books, watch educational videos, or participate in 13 discussions”可知，这里说的是除了阅
读还有其他获取信息的方法，alternative符合语境。故选A项。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你可以听有声书，看教育视频，或者参加社交讨论。A. isolated孤立的；
B. solitary独自的；C. social社交的；D. private私人的。根据“discussions”以及语境可知，讨论一般是社交
性质的活动，social符合语境。故选C项。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：重要的是找到最适合你的方法，并努力接触你感兴趣的内容。A. refuse拒
绝；B. hesitate犹豫；C. file把……归档；D. strive努力。根据上文“find a method that works best for you”以
及下文“to engage with content that interests you”可知，这里指要找到适合的方法并努力去接触感兴趣的内
容。故选D项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：总之，阅读是一项有价值的活动，它可以在很多方面丰富你的生活。A.
hobby爱好；B. chore琐事；C. luxury奢侈；D. activity活动。根据下文“Whether you’re reading for pleasure
or learning something new, the benefits of reading are undeniable.”以及语境可知，阅读是一种有价值的活动。
故选D项。
7.（江苏省高邮市2024-2025学年高三下学期第一次联考）
Embrace Your Life with Courage
If it is possible to know the life you will be confronted with in advance, will you still have the courage to
embrace it? What you’ve seen and heard often 1 you. In fact, the worldly world is so 2 that
even the thought of making a difference seems 3 . But, if you were given the chance to know your life
lying ahead, knowing that youth is just these days but nothing more than that, will you still 4 about the
things that this worldly world expects you to do?
Like one’s glory depends on how much he or she 5 . Like one must own something in order to be
6 . When you grow up one day, you’ll feel the joy of the green sprout (新芽). You’ll 7 for the rising
sun. You will also bring kindness and warmth to others. However, while giving your praise to others, you always
forget how 8 you are.
May you remember your preciousness to 9 malice (恶意) during hard times. May you haveendless faith in your preciousness when you 10 your way. Love what you love, do what you want to
do, and listen to your own heart. Embrace your life with courage and 11 , knowing that your worth is
not 12 by what you possess, but by who you are. And in the end, you will find it is your 13
that light up the world. So stay true to yourself and 14 the journey, because it is in the smallest
moments that we will find the greatest 15 .
1．A．inspires B．discourages C．surprises D．delights
2．A．solid B．exciting C．fascinating D．challenging
3．A．possible B．easy C．impossible D．difficult
4．A．hesitate B．hear C．care D．think
5．A．possesses B．appreciates C．desires D．anticipates
6．A．noticed B．respected C．loved D．praised
7．A．wait B．cheer C．chase D．look
8．A．valuable B．courageous C．worthless D．special
9．A．ignore B．accept C．approach D．resist
10．A．find B．lose C．make D．take
11．A．confidence B．sympathy C．enthusiasm D．perseverance
12．A．influenced B．accomplished C．determined D．meant
13．A．kindness B．generosity C．authenticity D．honesty
14．A．complete B．embrace C．admire D．start
15．A．faith B．success C．achievement D．joy
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．A
12．C 13．A 14．B 15．D
【解析】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了要勇敢地拥抱生活，坚守自我，生活的价值在于真实的自己，而
非所拥有的东西。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你所见所闻常常使你气馁。A. inspires鼓舞；B. discourages使气馁；C.
surprises使惊讶；D. delights使高兴。上文“If it is possible to know the life you will be confronted with in
advance, will you still have the courage to embrace it?”提出问题“如果提前知道生活的困难，是否仍有勇气面
对”，下文提到“现实世界充满挑战”，所以你的所见所闻会使你气馁，故选B项。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这个世界是如此坚不可摧，以至于哪怕是产生想要做出改变的
想法似乎都是不可能的。A. solid坚实的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. fascinating迷人的；D. challenging有挑战性的。根据下文“But, if you were given the chance to know your life lying ahead”可知下文说的是“但如
果有机会让你提前知晓你的人生轨迹呢？”，可知此处假设了一种情况：有机会让你提前知晓你的人生轨
迹，可推理出此处表达的是你的人生轨迹无法提前知晓，所以世界是坚实的，故选A项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同第2题。A. possible可能的；B. easy容易的；C. impossible不可能的；
D. difficult困难的。根据上文“the thought of making a difference”以及下文“But, if you were given the chance
to know your life lying ahead”可知上文提到了做出改变的想法，下文提到了一种假设的情况：有机会让你提
前知晓你的人生轨迹，可推理出此处说的是产生想要做出改变的想法似乎都是不可能的，故选C项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，如果你有机会提前知道你的人生，知道青春就只是这些日子，再无
其他，你还会在意这个世俗世界期望你做的事情吗？A. hesitate犹豫；B. hear听到；C. care在意；D. think
思考。根据下文“the things that this worldly world expects you to do”可知，在你知道青春就这么点时间后，
你是否还会在意这个世俗世界期望你做的事情，故选C项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像一个人的荣耀取决于他或她拥有多少。A. possesses拥有；B. appreciates
欣赏；C. desires渴望；D. anticipates预期。根据下文“one must own something”可知，世俗认为“荣耀取决
于拥有多少”，故选A项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像一个人必须拥有一些东西才能被爱。A. noticed注意到；B. respected尊
重；C. loved爱；D. praised表扬。根据上文“Like one’s glory depends on how much he or she...(就像一个人
的荣耀取决于他或她拥有多少)”，再结合下文“When you grow up one day, you’ll feel the joy of the green
sprout (新芽). (当你长大的一天，你会感受到绿芽的快乐)”可知这里讲的是一种幸福快乐的情绪，该句呼应
上下文讲世俗的观点认为一个人必须拥有一些东西才能被爱，故选C项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你会为初升的太阳欢呼。A. wait等待；B. cheer欢呼；C. chase追逐；D.
look看。根据下文“for the rising sun”可知下文提到了初升的太阳，可推理出此处说的是为初升的太阳欢呼，
故选B项。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，在赞美别人的时候，你总是忘记自己是多么有价值。A. valuable有
价值的；B. courageous勇敢的；C. worthless无价值的；D. special特别的。根据上文“while giving your
praise to others”中while表对比以及“you always forget”可知，你赞美别人时，会忘记自己的价值，呼应下
文“May you remember your preciousness (愿你记住自己的珍贵)”，故选A项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：愿你在艰难时刻记住自己的珍贵，抵御恶意。A. ignore忽视；B. accept接受；
C. approach接近；D. resist抵御。根据下文“malice during hard times”可知下文提到了艰难时刻的恶意，可
推理出是要抵御恶意，与上文“May you remember your preciousness”形成对比，故选D项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你迷失方向时，愿你对自己的珍贵有无限的信念。A. find找到；B. lose失去；C. make制作；D. take带走。根据上文“May you have endless faith in your preciousness”以及“your
way”可知上文说的是“愿你对自己的珍贵有无限的信念”，下文提到了你的路，可推理出此处说的是当你
迷失方向的时候，故选B项。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：勇敢而自信地拥抱你的生活，要知道你的价值不是由你所拥有的东西决定
的，而是由你是谁决定的。A. confidence自信；B. sympathy同情；C. enthusiasm热情；D. perseverance毅
力。根据上文“Embrace your life with courage”可知上文提到了勇敢地拥抱你的生活，此处需要填一个名词
与上文“courage(勇气)”并列，分析选项，A项“confidence自信”表达的含义符合语境，表示勇敢且自信
地生活，故选A项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同第11题。A. influenced影响；B. accomplished完成；C. determined决定；
D. meant意味着。根据下文“by what you possess, but by who you are”可知下文说的是你所拥有的东西，还
提到了你是谁，可推理出此处说的是你的价值不是由你所拥有的东西决定的，而是由你是谁决定的，故选
C项。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，你会发现是你的善良照亮了世界。A. kindness善良；B. generosity
慷慨；C. authenticity真实性；D. honesty诚实。根据上文“You will also bring kindness and warmth to others.”
以及下文“light up the world”可知上文提到了你给别人带来善良和温暖，下文提到了照亮了世界，可推理
出此处说的是你的善良照亮了世界，故选A项。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，做真实的自己，拥抱旅程，因为在最微小的时刻我们会找到最大的
快乐。A. complete完成；B. embrace拥抱；C. admire钦佩；D. start开始。根据上文“Embrace your life with
courage”可知上文提到了勇敢地拥抱你的生活，可推理出这里是说拥抱旅程，故选B项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同第14题。A. faith信念；B. success成功；C. achievement成就；D. joy快
乐。根据上文“You’ll feel the joy of the green sprout (新芽))”以及“it is in the smallest moments that we will
find the greatest”可知上文提到了你会感受到绿芽的喜悦，可推理出此处说的是在微小的时刻能找到最大的
快乐，故选D项。
8.（2025届河南部分高中青桐鸣大联考2024-2025学年高三下学期开学）
At a recent holiday gathering, I sat behind a row of parents watching dozens of 9-year-olds in ties and
beautiful dresses singing Sleigh Ride. Each of the parents had a 1 in hand, carefully and seriously
recording the 2 . They were working so hard to ensure they didn’t 3 anything — and yet I
worried that they were, in fact, missing out.
Childhood is 4 . This performance or soccer game will never come again. So I understand the
5 to capture (捕捉) everything.Parents have long sought ways to 6 time as their kids grow, starting with baby books containing
footprints and locks of hair. We 7 report cards, Halloween poems, and gold-starred spelling tests. And of
course we have taken photos and videos.
Yet the more I see parents 8 reaching for their phones, the more I come to believe that when we
turn our kids into the subjects of our personal documentaries, we 9 losing an opportunity to really
10 our children.
So the next time you’re at a game or birthday party, try this: take a few photos at the beginning, then put your
phone away. Keep your eyes on your 11 , who will be looking for you. Wait for them to 12 you
in the audience. Maybe they’ll light up. Maybe they’ll cover their face in 13 . Either way, this is the
14 moment: the minute they will know that you really 15 them.
1．A．notebook B．camera C．phone D．computer
2．A．issue B．event C．view D．story
3．A．forget B．ignore C．leave D．miss
4．A．boring B．lonely C．tough D．short
5．A．power B．ability C．urge D．chance
6．A．stop B．freeze C．spend D．waste
7．A．save B．fill C．take D．write
8．A．dramatically B．automatically C．rarely D．patiently
9．A．risk B．appreciate C．avoid D．mind
10．A．connect with B．take control of C．contribute to D．get rid of
11．A．friend B．teacher C．partner D．child
12．A．pick B．hear C．follow D．spot
13．A．embarrassmentB．pride C．anger D．excitement
14．A．brief B．meaningful C．quiet D．historic
15．A．respect B．judge C．see D．criticize
【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．A 11．D
12．D 13．A 14．B 15．C
【解析】本文是议论文。文章通过描述在节日聚会上观察到父母们用手机记录孩子表演的现象，引出了关
于父母如何与孩子真正建立联系的讨论。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个家长手里都拿着手机，仔细认真地记录着这一活动。A. notebook笔记本；B. camera相机；C. phone手机；D. computer电脑。根据后文“So the next time you’re at a game or
birthday party, try this: take a few photos at the beginning, then put your phone away.”可知，每个家长手里拿着
手机在记录。故选C项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个家长手里都拿着手机，仔细认真地记录着这一活动。A. issue问题；B.
event活动；C. view观点；D. story故事。根据前文“At a recent holiday gathering, I sat behind a row of
parents watching dozens of 9-year-olds in ties and beautiful dresses singing Sleigh Ride.”可知，是孩子们打着领
带，穿着漂亮的裙子唱着Sleigh Ride，这是一个活动。故选B项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们非常努力地记录，以确保他们没有错过任何东西——然而我担心他们
实际上错过了什么。A. forget忘记；B. ignore忽视；C. leave离开；D. miss错过。根据后文“and yet I
worried that they were, in fact, missing out”可知，作者担心实际上他们错过了什么，和空处为转折关系，所
以此处是确保他们没有错过任何东西。故选D项。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：童年是短暂的。A. boring无聊的；B. lonely孤独的；C. tough艰难的；D.
short短暂的。根据后文“This performance or soccer game will never come again.”可知，这种表演或足球比赛
不会再来了，因为童年是短暂的。故选D项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我理解那种想要捕捉一切的冲动。A. power力量；B. ability能力；C.
urge冲动；D. chance机会。根据前文“Childhood is 4 .”可知，孩子童年短暂，所以父母
有想要捕捉一切的冲动。故选C项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：长期以来，父母们一直在寻找让孩子成长的时间凝固的方法，从包含脚印
和头发的婴儿书籍开始。A. stop停止；B. freeze冻结；C. spend花费；D. waste浪费。根据后文“starting
with baby books containing footprints and locks of hair. We 7 report cards, Halloween poems,
and gold-starred spelling tests. And of course we have taken photos and videos.”可知，这些都是各个童年时刻留
下的纪念，目的是希望让孩子成长的时间凝固。故选B项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们保存成绩单、万圣节诗歌和金星拼写测试。A. save保存；B. fill填充；
C. take拿走；D. write写。根据前文“starting with baby books containing footprints and locks of hair.”可知，
此处是描述父母留下孩子各个时期的物品，所以应是保存成绩单、万圣节诗歌和金星拼写测试。故选A项。
8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我越是看到父母下意识地拿起手机，我就越相信，当我们把孩子变
成我们个人纪录片的主题时，我们可能会失去与孩子真正联系的机会。A. dramatically戏剧性地；B.
automatically自动地；C. rarely很少；D. patiently耐心地。根据后文“reaching for their phones”结合前文内
容和选项可知，父母总是下意识地拿起手机去纪录孩子。故选B项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我越是看到父母下意识地拿起手机，我就越相信，当我们把孩子变成我们个人纪录片的主题时，我们可能会失去与孩子真正联系的机会。A. risk冒险；B. appreciate欣赏；C.
avoid避免；D. mind介意。根据前文“and yet I worried that they were, in fact, missing out”可知，作者担心当
我们把孩子变成我们个人纪录片的主题时，我们可能会失去与孩子真正联系的机会。故选A项。
10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，我越是看到父母下意识地拿起手机，我就越相信，当我们把孩子变
成我们个人纪录片的主题时，我们可能会失去与孩子真正联系的机会。A. connect with与……联系；B. take
control of控制；C. contribute to贡献；D. get rid of摆脱。根据前文“and yet I worried that they were, in fact,
missing out”可知，作者担心当我们把孩子变成我们个人纪录片的主题时，我们可能会失去与孩子真正联系
的机会。故选A项。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：留意你的孩子，他会找你的。A. friend朋友；B. teacher老师；C. partner伙
伴；D. child孩子。根据前文“So the next time you’re at a game or birthday party, try this: take a few photos at
the beginning, then put your phone away.”可知，应是孩子们的比赛和生日聚会，所以留意您的孩子。故选D
项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：等着他们在观众中认出你来。A. pick挑选；B. hear听到；C. follow跟随；
D. spot发现。根据前文“who will be looking for you.”可知，孩子会寻找父母，所以是等着他们在观众中认
出你来。故选D项。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许他们会尴尬地捂着脸。A. embarrassment尴尬；B. pride自豪；C. anger
愤怒；D. excitement兴奋。根据前文“Maybe they’ll cover their face”可知，孩子捂着脸，应是感到害羞尴尬。
故选A项。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不管怎样，这都是有意义的时刻：他们会知道你真的在看他们。A. brief
简短的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. quiet安静的；D. historic历史性的。根据后文“the minute they will
know that you really 15 them.”可知，孩子们知道你是在看他们，这应是有意义的时刻。
故选B项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管怎样，这都是有意义的时刻：他们会知道你真的在看他们。A. respect
尊重；B. judge判断；C. see看见；D. criticize批评。根据前文“Keep your eyes on your 11
”可知，应是看孩子们。故选C项。
9.（2025·河北省秦皇岛市山海关区高三联考）
In a terrible environment, most people will probably lose the battle eventually with their willpower becoming
weaker. It’s only a matter of time. So we should correctly 1 the power of the environment around us.
Take my parents as an example. Neither of them were smokers when they entered a 2 , but it didn’t
take long for them to join their smoking co-workers. At first, they resisted it, but as the days turned into weeks,their 3 to say no when everyone else was saying yes became weaker. Probably in order to 4 the
community around them, they finally gave in. Decades later, quitting smoking proved nearly 5 when they
turned to willpower because everyone around them still smoked. The very same force that encouraged them to start
was preventing them from 6 . They were able to 7 the habit only when they changed their
environment. They had to find new friends whose behavior was what my parents were 8 .
Rules or regulations are often a carefully created environment to encourage certain behaviors. If someone is
trying his best to use the willpower to 9 the environment, no doubt that’s a poor choice. People with the
best behavior are 10 the ones with a beneficial environment. Sometimes it’s carefully chosen, and
sometimes it’s just a kind of 11 . Either way, it’s easier for you to behave in the right environment. So if
you’re not that fortunate, it is significant to create a favourable environment 12 . If you want to read
more, be in 13 with book lovers. If you want to 14 effectively, hire a fitness trainer.
A good environment allows you to get twice the 15 with half the effort but you should put yourself
there first.
1．A．recognize B．test C．suspect D．abandon
2．A．tent B．field C．factory D．truck
3．A．failure B．permission C．standard D．determination
4．A．fit into B．appeal to C．look on D．make for
5．A．temporary B．impossible C．significant D．unnecessary
6．A．panicking B．complaining C．applying D．stopping
7．A．form B．kick C．share D．keep
8．A．in charge of B．strict in C．in favour of D．particular about
9．A．go against B．take possession of C．make up for D．depend on
10．A．unfortunately B．abruptly C．professionally D．typically
11．A．humour B．lie C．luck D．trick
12．A．naturally B．secretly C．distinctly D．purposefully
13．A．comparison B．company C．conflict D．sympathy
14．A．concentrate B．resign C．exercise D．assist
15．A．security B．effect C．virtue D．inspiration
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．D 11．C
12．D 13．B 14．C 15．B【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了在不良环境中，人们的意志力可能很快变得薄弱，环境影响着我们
的行为，因此，为了更好地成就自己，我们需要有意识地创造出有利的环境来帮助自己实现目标。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们应该正确认识我们周围环境的力量。A. recognize认识；B. test
测试；C. suspect怀疑；D. abandon放弃。根据上文“In a terrible environment, most people will probably lose
the battle eventually with their willpower becoming weaker.”可知，应该正确认识我们周围环境的力量。故选
A。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们俩刚进工厂时都不吸烟，但没过多久他们就加入了吸烟的同事行列。
A. tent帐篷；B. field领域；C. factory工厂；D. truck卡车。根据下文“co-workers.”可知，父母进入的是工
厂。故选C。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，他们很抗拒，但随着时间一天天过去，当其他人都说“是”的时候，
他们说“不”的决心变得越来越弱。A. failure失败；B. permission允许；C. standard标准；D. determination
决心。根据上文“they resisted it,”可知，这里强调在抵抗诱惑下的决心逐渐变得薄弱。故选D。
4．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：可能是为了融入周围的社区，他们最终屈服了。A. fit into融入；
B .appeal to吸引；C. look on旁观；D. make for导致。根据下文“they finally gave in.”可知，父母为了融入
社区的行为，最终屈服了。故选A。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几十年后，当他们发现仅靠意志力戒烟几乎是不可能的，因为他们周围
的人都还在吸烟。A. temporary短暂的；B. impossible不可能的；C. significant重要的；D. unnecessary不必
要的。根据下文“when they turned to willpower because everyone around them still smoked.”可知，戒烟几乎
不可能，故选B。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：鼓励他们开始吸烟的力量同样阻碍了他们戒烟。A. panicking恐慌；B.
complaining抱怨；C. applying应用；D. stopping停止。根据上文“The very same force that encouraged them
to start”可知，鼓励他们开始吸烟的力量同样阻碍了他们戒烟，故选D。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们只在改变环境之后才成功戒烟。A. form形成；B .kick戒除坏习惯；C.
share分享；D. keep保持。根据下文“when they changed their environment.”可知，在改变环境之后才成功戒
烟。kick the habit是习惯用语，意为“戒除坏习惯”。故选B。
8．考查短语词义辨析。句意：他们必须找到新朋友，他们的行为举止和我父母的一致。A.in charge of负责；
B. strict in对……严格；C. in favour of支持……的；D. particular about对……挑剔。根据上文“They were
able to _____ the habit only when they changed their environment.”可知，环境改变了，行为就改变了，所以新
环境中的人们和父母的举止是一致的。故选C。
9．考查短语词义辨析。句意：如果试图依靠意志力去对抗环境，毫无疑问是糟糕的选择。A. go against反对；B. take possession of占有；C. make up for弥补；D. depend on依赖。根据下文“no doubt that’s a poor
choice.”可知，试图依靠意志力去对抗环境，毫无疑问是糟糕的选择。选择go against。故选A。
10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：行为最好的人通常都有一个有益的环境。A. unfortunately不幸地；B.
abruptly突然地；C. professionally职业性地；D. typically通常。根据下文“with a beneficial environment.”可
知，行为最好的人通常都有一个有益的环境，选D。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时是精心选择的，有时只是一种运气。A. humour幽默；B. lie谎言；C.
luck运气；D. trick诡计。根据上文“Sometimes it’s carefully chosen”可知，有时是精心选择的，有时只是一
种运气。故选C。
12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你不那么幸运，能够有意创造一个有利环境是很重要的。A. naturally
自然地；B. secretly秘密地；C. distinctly清晰可辨地；D. purposefully有目的地。根据上文“So if you’re not
that fortunate”可知，果你不那么幸运，能够有意创造一个有利环境是很重要的，选D。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你想读更多书，请与书迷为伴。A. comparison对比；B. company陪伴；
C. conflict冲突；D. sympathy同情。根据上文“If you want to read more”可知，喜欢读书的书迷应该以书为
伴，故选B。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你想有效地锻炼，请雇佣一位健身教练。A. concentrate专注；B.
resign辞职；C. exercise锻炼；D. assist协助。根据下文“hire a fitness trainer.”后文提到健身教练，所以指
锻炼，选C。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：良一个好的环境可以让你事半功倍，但你应该把自己放在第一位。A.
security安全；B. effect效果；C. virtue美德；D. inspiration灵感。根据上文“A good environment”可知，良
一个好的环境可以让你事半功倍，故选B。
10.（山东省德州市德城区德州市第二中学2024-2025学年高三月考）
Twenty-five years ago, I was a fairly new school administrator. I was 1 by Thomas Armstrong’s
book, Awakening Genius in the Classroom. In it, he writes, “Joy is the spark that can ignite (点燃) every child’s
potential genius.” 2 linking genius to IQ scores or standardized test results, he offers a(n) 3
perspective (视角). Combining the Greek word “genesis”, meaning “birth”, and the Latin word “genial”, signifying
“joyful”, Armstrong created a novel 4 of genius as “the birth of joy”.
As Armstrong sees it, joy 5 Picasso’s creative expressions on canvases (画布) and Michael
Jordan’s mid-air technique on the basketball court. While both undoubtedly spent countless hours 6
their skills, joy was the 7 force that pushed them towards excellence. And yet, joy is not only 8
for the extraordinarily accomplished. It can also exist in common 9 where a first-grader reads a bookand a middle schooler solves a math puzzle.
Throughout my years as a school administrator, I’ve held fast to Armstrong’s 10 that genius
begins with joy; however, I want to 11 something new. Joy must be sustained by purpose. For joy to
12 in the face of challenge and difficulty, it must be 13 at a deep level. In my experience,
joy continues when people recognize they have done something or are making contributions to the world.
Armstrong asks us 14 to motivate students’ potential, and, just as 15 , to reawaken
our own joy for intellectual and personal growth.
1．A．admired B．acknowledged C．inspired D．advertised
2．A．In terms of B．With regard to C．Apart from D．Instead of
3．A．refreshing B．widespread C．conventional D．unpredictable
4．A．talent B．definition C．example D．standard
5．A．explained B．challenged C．proved D．fueled
6．A．introducing B．sharpening C．assessing D．exchanging
7．A．primary B．normal C．cultural D．flexible
8．A．tested B．supported C．reserved D．practised
9．A．values B．sense C．origin D．scenes
10．A．approach B．belief C．promise D．story
11．A．learn B．translate C．add D．investigate
12．A．move on B．put off C．stand by D．hold back
13．A．conveyed B．illustrated C．polished D．felt
14．A．writers B．parents C．educators D．pioneers
15．A．skillfully B．importantly C．positively D．surprisingly
【答案】
1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．B 11．C
12．C 13．D 14．C 15．B
【解析】这是一篇议论文。本文讲述了作者作为一名学校管理员，受到Thomas Armstrong著作《唤醒教室
中的天才》的启发，认识到喜悦对于激发儿童潜在才能的重要性。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被Thomas Armstrong的书《唤醒教室中的天才》所启发。A. admired敬佩；
B. acknowledged承认；C. inspired启发；D. advertised宣传。 根据本文最后的句子“Armstrong asks us
___14___ to motivate students’ potential, and, just as __15__, to reawaken our own joy for intellectual and personal
growth.”可知，Armstrong要求我们激发学生的潜能并且重新唤醒我们自己对智力和个人成长的喜悦，因此“我”因为这本书受到了某种积极的“影响，启发”最为合适。故选C项。
2．考查介词短语词义辨析句意：他没有将天才与智商分数或标准化测试结果联系起来，而是提供了一种
令人耳目一新的视角。A. In terms of就……而言；B. With regard to关于；C. Apart from除了；D. Instead of
代替。 根据前文的“Joy is the spark that can ignite every child’s potential genius.”可知，Armstrong提出了一
个新的观点，而不是传统的IQ分数或标准化测试，这里强调的是Armstrong不同于传统的观点。故选D项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他没有将天才与智商分数或标准化测试结果联系起来，而是提供了一种
令人耳目一新的视角。A. refreshing令人耳目一新的；B. widespread广泛传播的；C. conventional传统的；
D.unpredictable不可预测的。 根据上文的“Joy is the spark that can ignite every child’s potential genius.”，可
知Armstrong的观点不同于传统，因此是“耳目一新”的。故选A项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：结合希腊语单词“genesis”，意思是“出生”，拉丁语单词“和蔼”，意为
“快乐”，Armstrong创造了一种天才的新定义——“喜悦的诞生”。A. talent天才；B. definition定义；C.
example例子；D. standard标准。根据本句中的“the birth of joy”可知，“喜悦的诞生”是Armstrong对天
才的新定义。故选B项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：按照Armstrong的看法，喜悦点燃了毕加索在画布上的创作表达和迈克尔·
乔丹在篮球场上的空中技巧。A. explained解释；B. challenged挑战；C. proved证明；D. fueled点燃。根据
前文“Joy is the spark”，可知这里指的是喜悦作为灵感的火花，即“点燃”毕加索的创作表达和迈克尔·乔
丹的空中技巧。故选D项。
6．考查动名词词义辨析。句意：虽然他们都无疑花费了无数的时间来磨练他们的技能，然而，喜悦是推
动他们走向卓越的主要力量。A. introducing介绍；B. sharpening锐化，磨练；C. assessing评估；D.
exchanging交换。根据前文提到“both undoubtedly spent countless hours”，可知这里指的是花无数的时间来
磨练技能。故选B项。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然他们都无疑花费了无数的时间来磨练他们的技能，然而，喜悦是推
动他们走向卓越的主要力量。A. primary主要的；B. normal正常的；C. cultural文化的；D. flexible灵活的。
根据下文的“that pushed them towards excellence”，可知这里指的是主要的动力。故选A项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，喜悦不仅仅是为那些非凡成就的人所保留的。A. tested测试；B.
supported支持；C. reserved保留；D. practised实践。根据下文的“also exist in”可知，这里指的是不仅仅限
于某些人，即不仅仅是为那些非凡成就的人所保留的。故选C项。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它也可以存在于一年级学生阅读书籍和中学生解决数学难题的场景中。A.
values价值；B. sense感觉；C. origin起源；D. scenes场景。 根据下文的“where a first-grader reads a book
and a middle schooler solves a math puzzle”可知，这里指的是一年级学生阅读书籍和中学生解决数学难题的“场景”。故选D项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我担任学校管理人员的这些年里，我一直坚信Armstrong的观点，即天
才是从喜悦开始的。A. approach方法；B. belief信念；C. promise承诺；D. story故事。根据下文的“genius
begins with joy”，可知作者坚信的是“天才始于喜悦”这一信念。 故选B项。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我想补充一点新的东西。A. learn学习；B. translate翻译；C. add添
加；D. investigate调查。根据本句中的“however”和“something new”可知，这里作者是想增加一点新的想
法。故选C项。
12．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：为了让喜悦在面对挑战和困难时继续存在，它必须在深层次上被感受
到。A. move on继续前进；B. put off推迟；C. stand by坚守；D. hold back抑制。根据下文的“joy
continues”可知，这里指的是喜悦需要持续存在，即坚守。故选C项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了让喜悦在面对挑战和困难时继续存在，它必须在深层次上被感受到。
A. conveyed传达；B. illustrated描述；C. polished磨光；D. felt感受到。 根据上文的“Joy must be sustained
by purpose”可知，作者提到喜悦必须故意地保持，即喜悦能被感受到。故选D项。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Armstrong要求我们作为教育工作者激发学生的潜能，并且，同样重要的
是，重新唤醒我们自己对智力和个人成长的喜悦。A. writers作家；B. parents父母；C. educators教育工作
者；D. pioneers先驱。根据本句中的“motivate students’ potential”，可知这里的“我们”指的是教育工作者。
故选C项。
15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Armstrong要求我们作为教育工作者激发学生的潜能，并且，同样重要的
是，重新唤醒我们自己对智力和个人成长的喜悦。A. skillfully熟练地；B. importantly重要地；C. positively
积极地；D. surprisingly惊讶地。根据上文的“motivate students’ potential”可知，这里强调“重新唤醒我们
自己对智力和个人成长的喜悦”和“激发学生的潜能”同等的重要。故选B项。
1. [2022·全国乙卷] （改编）
Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something
highly exciting about 4 1 someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 42 at hiding. They often cover
only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies 4 3 .
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 44 as evidence that children are hopelessly
“egocentric”(自我中心的) creatures. But our 45 research results in child developmental psychologycontradicted that idea.
We brought young children aged 2—4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.Each child sat
down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 4 6 . We then asked the child if she could 4 7
or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same 48 happened when the
adult covered her own mouth: 4 9 children said that they couldn’t speak to her.
A number of 5 0 ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The
results were clear: our young subjects comprehended the questions and knew 5 1 what was asked of
them. Their responses to the questions reflected their true 5 2 that “I can see you only if you can
see me, too.” They simply 5 3 mutual(相互的) recognition and regard. Our 5 4 suggest when a
child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children
consider this method 5 5 when others use it.
( )41. A.following B.taking C.escaping D.directing
( )42. A.clever B.bad C.scared D.quick
( )43. A.exposed B.examined C.untouched D.imbalanced
( )44. A.supported B.guaranteed C.imagined D.interpreted
( )45. A.disappointing B.mixed C.surprising D.desired
( )46. A.feet B.nose C.hands D.ears
( )47. A.see B.help C.reach D.fool
( )48. A.event B.thing C.action D.accident
( )49. A.yet B.now C.soon D.once
( )50. A.instructions B.descriptions C.experimentsD.assumptions
( )51. A.partly B.honestly C.vaguely D.exactly
( )52. A.ability B.belief C.identity D.purpose
( )53. A.hold back B.relate to C.insist on D.make up
( )54. A.limitations B.requirements C.theories D.findings
( 55. A.tentative B.impressive C.creative D.effective
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。我们总认为孩子们在捉迷藏时,只遮住自己的眼睛是自我中心主义的结
果,其实这是孩子们在坚持相互的承认和尊重。
41.C 根据上文“Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.”可知,小孩子喜
欢玩捉迷藏,即他们喜欢避开别人的目光,避免被看到。故选C。follow跟随;take取走;escape避开;direct指导。
42.B 根据下文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies…”可
知,他们捉迷藏就是用手捂着眼睛,身子还在外面,由此可见儿童不擅长隐藏,be bad at sth表示“不擅长某
事”。故选B。clever聪明的;bad不擅长的;scared害怕的;quick迅速的。
43.A 根据本句“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies…”可
知,儿童只是用手遮住了眼睛,所以身体的其余部分是暴露在外的。故选 A。exposed 暴露的,无遮蔽
的;examined已检查过的;untouched未触及的,未受影响的;imbalanced不平衡的。44.D 根据下文“…as evidence that children are hopelessly ‘egocentric’(自我中心的) creatures.”可知,此处
表示这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为某种证据,证明儿童是以自我为中心的。故选 D。support支持;guarantee
保证;imagine想象;interpret解释,口译。
45.C 根据下文的结果可知,研究结果与之前的观点相矛盾,所以研究结果是令人惊讶的。故选 C。
disappointing令人失望的;mixed混合的;surprising令人惊讶的;desired渴望的,想要得到的。
46.D 根据下文“or hear the adult”可知,在这个实验中,儿童被询问是否能听到成年人的声音,所以此处表示
成年人捂住了自己的耳朵。故选D。foot脚;nose鼻子;hand手;ear耳朵。
47.A 根据上文“an adult who covered her own eyes”可知,成年人遮住了自己的眼睛,所以此处儿童被询
问是否能看见成年人。故选A。see看见;help帮助;reach到达;fool欺骗。
48.B 根据下文“…children said that they couldn􀆳t…to her.”可知,此处指同样的事情发生了,孩子们表示不
能和捂住嘴的成年人说话。故选B。event大事,赛事;thing事情;action行动;accident事故。
49.B 此处表示当成年人捂住自己的嘴时,这时孩子们说不能和成年人说话了。文中表达的就是指这一刻。
故选B。yet然而;now此刻;soon很快;once一次,曾经。
50.C 此处表示上文中的许多实验排除了孩子们会误解问题这一情况。故选 C。instruction 说明,命
令;description描述;experiment实验;assumption假设。
51.D 根据下文“…what was asked of them. Their…to the questions reflected their true…”可知,孩子们确
切地明白自己被问了什么,他们的答案反映了他们真实的看法。故选 D。partly 部分地;honestly 诚实
地;vaguely含糊不清地;exactly确切地。
52.B 根据下文“I can see you only if you can see me, too.”可知,此处表示孩子们真正的看法。故选
B。ability能力;belief看法,信心;identity身份;purpose目的。
53.C 根据上文“I can see you only if you can see me, too.”可知,孩子们的看法体现了他们坚持相互的
承认和尊重。故选C。hold back阻止,控制,隐瞒;relate to有关联,谈到;insist on坚持;make up构成,编造,化
妆。
54.D 根据上文“We brought young children aged 2—4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可
知,此处表示实验的研究结果表明孩子的这种隐藏方式并不是自我中心主义的结果。故选 D。limitation限制;
requirement要求,必要条件;theory理论;findings调查发现,调查结果。
55.D 根据上文“They simply…mutual(相互的) recognition and regard.”可知,孩子们坚持相互的承认和尊
重,所以当其他人使用这种方法时,孩子们认为它是有效的。故选 D。tentative 不确定的,暂定的,踌躇
的;impressive令人印象深刻的;creative创造性的;effective有效的。
2.（2022年6月浙江改编）Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they ___36___ it.
“Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He
throws his arms and legs out ___37___ he were flying, his eyes wide with excitement. His trust in me is absolute
which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ___38___ .
I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets ___39___ , it will need more effort and
sound judgment on my part. Trust is such an important part of a parent-child relationship that it’s something thatcan’t ___40___ to lose. Every time I introduce Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and
feels ___41___ in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt .___42___ , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to
___43___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down.
___44___ in the workplace, trust is important for strong ___45___ . It is something that every manager
should work hard to ___46___ among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to ___47___ your
directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A ___48___ of trust can make people work against
you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be ___49___ you their best. Good
___50___, like good parenting, is a long-term commitment.
36. A. deserve B. miss C. love D. know
37. A. as if B. in case C. even though D. so that
38. A. relief B. satisfaction C. achievement D. responsibility
39. A. older B. busier C. quieter D. healthier
40. A. afford B. choose C. wait D. expect
41. A. safe B. happy C. proud D. grateful
42. A. Above all B. In addition C. At first D. For example
43. A. admit B. believe C. suggest D. imagine
44. A. However B. Therefore C. Similarly D. Fortunately
45. A. affection B. determination C. friendship D. leadership
46. A. assess B. organize C. develop D. understand
47. A. repeat B. follow C. change D. forget
48. A. gesture B. measure C. bond D. lack
49. A. telling B. giving C. selling D. sending
50. A. management B. personality C. communication D. education
【解析】
36. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓住——而且他们喜欢这样做。A. deserve值
得；B. miss错过；C. love爱；D. know知道。根据空后“‘Again, Daddy, again!’ Jacky shouts ...”可
知，孩子们非常喜欢（love）被抛举起来然后再被接住的游戏。故选C。
37. A 考查连词短语词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。A. as
if 好像；B. in case以防；C. even though即使；D. so that以便。根据空前“He throws his arms and legs
out ...”可知，作者的儿子张开双臂和双腿的样子就好像（as if）飞起来了一样。故选A。
38. D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了我巨大的
责任感。A. relief宽慰；B. satisfaction满意；C. achievement成就；D. responsibility责任。根据空前“...
but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ...”可知，该空与上文儿子对父亲的信任相呼应，因此，此处作者产生的应该是一种强大的责任感（responsibility）。故选D。
39. A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望杰基能永远完全信任我，但我知道，随着他长大，这需要我付
出更多努力和做出正确的判断。A. older年龄较大的；B. busier较为忙的；C. quieter较安静的；D.
healthier较健康的。根据上文“I hope Jacky will always trust me fully ...”，再结合下文“it will
need more effort and sound judgment ...”可知，随着儿子长大（gets older），作者未来需要付出更多
努力才能让儿子一直信任自己。由此可知older符合语境。故选A。
40. A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，它是一种不能失去的东西。A.
afford支付得起；B. choose选择；C. wait等待；D. expect期望。根据句意可知，本句强调亲子关系中信
任对作者的重要性，是作者不能丢失的东西，因此afford符合语境。故选A。
41. A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，觉得安
全，因为他知道自己不会受伤。A. safe安全的；B. happy快乐的；C. proud自豪的； D. grateful感激
的。根据上文“... he’ll do it only because he trusts me ...”可知，每次作者让儿子接触新鲜事物，儿子都
会因为信任作者而照做。由此可推知，这是因为儿子确信（safe in the knowledge that）自己不会受到
伤害。下文用游泳举例也证实了儿子对作者的信任。故选A。
42. D 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果
他溺水，我能去救他。A. Above all首先重要的是；B. In addition除此之外；C. At first首先；D. For
example例如。根据下文可知，作者举了教儿子游泳的例子。for example符合语境。故选D。
43. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺
水，我能去救他。A. admit承认；B. believe相信；C. suggest建议；D. imagine想象。根据上文可知，作
者的儿子非常信任父亲，再结合下文“... when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his
doggy paddle lets him down.”可知，believe符合语境。故选B。
44. C考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A. However然
而；B. Therefore因此；C. Similarly相似地；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据空后“... in the workplace, trust
is important ...”可知，作者在下文中类比了工作场合中信任的重要性。similarly意为“同样地，类似
地”，符合语境。故选C。
45. D考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A. affection感
情；B. determination决定；C. friendship友谊；D. leadership领导力。根据下文“It is something that every
manager should work hard ...”可知，作者这里提到的对象指的是管理者。leadership意为“领导力”，
符合语境。故选D。
46. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是每个管理者都应该努力在团队中培养的品质。A. assess评估；B.
organize组织；C. develop发展，培养；D. understand理解。根据句意可知，信任是每位管理者在团队中
应该努力培养（develop）的东西。故选C。
47. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示，并不愿意成为忠诚
的团队成员。A. repeat重复；B. follow跟随；C. change改变； D. forget忘记。根据句意可知，如果人
们不信任管理者，那么他们就不会追随（follow）管理者，也不会成为忠诚的团队成员。故选B。
48. D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：缺乏信任会让人们与你作对，而不是帮助你。A. gesture 姿势；B.
measure测量；C. bond纽带；D. lack缺少。根据空白后“... make people work against you rather than foryou.”可知，缺乏（a lack of）信任会使人们与你作对，而不是支持你。故选D。
49. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：至少，这意味着人们不会给你最好的回应。A. telling告诉；B. giving
给；C. selling卖；D. sending发送。根据上文可知，缺乏信任会给工作带来阻碍，由此可知，这意味着
人们不会付出最大努力去工作。give符合语境。故选B。
50. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：好的管理，就像好的育儿一样，是一种长期的承诺。A. management管
理；B. personality个性；C. communication交流；D. education教育。根据上文可知，该段讲的是工作中的
信任对管理者的重要性，management意为“管理”，符合语境。上文every manager亦有提示。故选A。
3.（2021年天津卷）
For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got ____16____
when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his ____17____ took a turn.
After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy ____18____.
For Pruitt, a keen bicyclist, the first thing to do was ____19____ his stolen bike. But when he went bike
shopping, he found few available, which got him thinking: What if the ____20____ of bikes was Covid-19 related,
and what if the person who'd taken his bike really needed ____21____ to get to work?
With that thought in mind, Pruitt ____22____ a plan and posted it on the community website. He
____23____ to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for unwanted bikes, which he
would repair-again ____24____. And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn't have
the ____25____ to buy one.
The day the post went live, Pruitt received thirty ____26____ bicycles. Then came more than 500
____27____ for detailed information. By the end of 2020, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 for donation or to be
____28____ to their owners.
Pruitt tries to give his donations to families that are ____29____ struggling. ____30____ simply satisfying a
material need, he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes.
In addition to ____31____ skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings
of community. ____32____, the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment.
"It's a really great ____33____ for kids,“ said a neighbor in an interview with the local newspaper. "Pruitt is
certainly providing a ____34____, but it's not just the bikes. It's the relationships in the community. It's the
____35____ that he can make on people."
16. A. amazed B. mad C. curious D. frightened
17. A. emotions B. career C. opinions D. route
18. A. ever B. together C. instead D. yet19. A. ride B. lock C. repair D. replace
20. A. lack B. variety C. increase D. quality
21. A. instruction B. qualification C. transportation D. permission
22. A. came up with B. stuck to C. gave up D. broke away from
23. A. remembered B. refused C. hesitated D. offered
24. A. by accident B. in advance C. for free D. on credit
25. A. profit B. budget C. courage D. excuse
26. A. shared B. used C. expensive D. modern
27. A. enquiries B. advertisements C. notices D. announcements
28. A. exported B. sold C. lent D. returned
29. A. hardly B. slightly C. truly D. instantly
30. A. Without B. Beyond C. Upon D. Among
31. A. practical B. commercial C. mathematical D. social
32. A. Otherwise B. However C. Somehow D. Meanwhile
33. A. promise B. celebration C. comfort D. experience
34. A. competitionB. service C. ceremony D. suggestion
35. A. compromise B. impression C. impact D. progress
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. A 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26.
B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了Robbie Pruitt在自己的自行车被偷后，想出了给人免费修车的计
划。他把这一计划发布到了网上，主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。他还想要一些没人要的自行
车，他愿意再免费修理一次。然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们但没有预算买的人。他还教授邻居的
孩子们免费修车，得到了邻居的赞赏。
16.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Robbie Pruitt承认，去年9月发现他的山地车被盗时，他很生气。A.
amazed惊讶的；B. mad生气的；C. curious好奇的；D. frightened害怕的。根据后文“letting go of his anger”
可知发现车被偷，Robbie Pruitt当时很生气。故选B。
17.考查名词词义辨析。句意：但很快，他的情绪发生了变化。A. emotions情绪；B. career事业；C.
opinions观点；D. route路线。结合后文“After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a
road to sympathy”可知Robbie Pruitt从生气沮丧变成了同情，情绪发生了变化。故选A。
18.考查副词词义辨析。句意：在放下愤怒和沮丧之后，他发现自己走上了同情之路。A. ever曾经；B.
together一起；C. instead相反；D. yet然而。结合上文“he found himself on a road to sympathy”可知，发现
自己的车被偷，Robbie Pruitt放下愤怒和沮丧，反而走上了同情他人的道路。故选C。
19.考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于热衷于骑自行车的Pruitt来说，第一件要做的事就是取代他被偷的自行
车。A. ride骑车；B. lock锁上；C. repair修理；D. replace取代。根据后文“his stolen bike. But when hewent bike shopping”可知车被偷，Pruitt要买车来取代被偷的自行车。故选D。
20.考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当他去买自行车时，发现几乎没有自行车，这让他想到：如果缺少自行车
与Covid-19有关，如果骑他自行车的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. lack缺乏；B. variety多样；C.
increase增加；D. quality质量。根据上文“he found few available”可知商店里也缺少自行车。故选A。
21.考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当他去买自行车时，发现几乎没有自行车，这让他想到：如果缺少自行车
与Covid-19有关，如果骑他自行车的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. instruction指令；B. qualification资
格；C. transportation运输工具；D. permission允许。根据前后文“needed … to get to work”可知，Pruitt猜
测偷自己自行车的人是因为确实需要交通工具去上班。故选C。
22.考查动词短语辨析。句意：带着这个想法，Pruitt想出了一个计划，并把它发布在了社区网站上。A.
came up with提出；B. stuck to坚持；C. gave up放弃；D. broke away from突然逃跑。根据后文“a plan and
posted it on the community website”指想出了一个计划，come up with符合语境。故选A。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。A. remembered记得；B.
refused拒绝；C. hesitated犹豫；D. offered提议。结合后文“to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed
it”指Pruitt提议为他人免费修车，offer to do sth.“主动提出做某事”。故选D。
24.考查固定短语辨析。句意：他还想要一些没人要的自行车，他愿意再免费修理一次。A. by accident偶
然；B. in advance提前；C. for free免费；D. on credit赊账。呼应上文“fix bikes free of charge”他的修车都
是免费的。故选C。
25.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们但没有预算买的人。A. profit利润；
B. budget预算；C. courage勇气；D. excuse借口。根据前后文“folks who could truly use them but didn't have
the…to buy one”可知，Pruitt捐车的对象是那些需要车但是预算不够，买不起的人，but表示转折，说明预
算紧张。故选B。
26.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一帖子发布当天，Pruitt收到了30辆二手自行车。A. shared共享的；B.
used二手的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. modern现代的。根据上文“He also asked for unwanted bikes”可知，
Pruitt也回收不想要的二手车，所以在帖子发布当天收到了30辆二手自行车。故选B。
27.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后就来了500多个询问详细信息的询问。A. enquiries询问；B.
advertisements广告；C. notices通知；D. announcements公告。根据后文“for detailed information”可知有询
问详细信息的询问。故选A。
28.考查动词词义辨析。句意：到2020年底，Pruitt已经修复了140多件自行车，这些自行车要么捐赠，要
么返还原主。A. exported出口；B. sold出售；C. lent借给；D. returned返回，返还。结合后文“to their
owners”指修好的车返还给主人，return符合语境。故选D。
29.考查副词词义辨析。句意：Pruitt试图把他的捐赠捐给那些真正生活困难挣扎的家庭。A. hardly几乎
不；B. slightly轻微地；C. truly真实地；D. instantly立即。此处呼应上文“folks who could truly use them”指
Pruitt的捐赠都是给那些真正生活有困难的家庭的。故选C。
30.考查介词词义辨析。句意：在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上，他为邻居的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修理
自行车的机会。A. Without除了；B. Beyond越过；C. Upon在……上；D. Among在……中间。结合后文
“simply satisfying a material need”表示“在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上”应用介词upon。故选C。
31.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了实用技能，Pruitt的课程还教授团队合作，鼓励自我价值，促进社区感觉。A. practical实际的；B. commercial商业的；C. mathematical数学的；D. social社会的。根据上文“he
has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes.”可知，Pruitt为邻居
的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修理自行车的机会，即教授他们实用技能。故选A。
32.考查副词词义辨析。句意：同时，孩子们也有了一种成就感。A. Otherwise否则；B. However然而；C.
Somehow不知怎么；D. Meanwhile同时。根据前后文语境，可知孩子们通过参加Pruitt的课程，学到了实
用技能，同时还有了一种成就感，Meanwhile符合语境。故选D。
33.考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位邻居在接受当地报纸采访时说：“对孩子们来说，这真是一次很棒的经
历。”A. promise承诺；B. celebration庆祝；C. comfort安慰；D. experience经历。根据语境，参与Pruitt的
课程对孩子们来说，是一次经历。故选D。
34.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Pruitt当然会提供服务，但不仅仅是自行车。A. competition比赛；B. service
服务；C. ceremony典礼；D. suggestion建议。结合上文可知，Pruitt为人们免费修车，还为社区的孩子教授
如何修车，所以他提供的是服务。故选B。
35.考查名词词义辨析。句意：而是他能对人们产生的影响。A. compromise妥协；B. impression印象；C.
impact影响；D. progress进步。根据后文“he can make on people”可知为短语make impact on“对……产生影
响”。故选C。
4.（2015年安徽卷）
In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The 71 is that
countries around the world have growing mountains of 72 because people are throwing out more rubbish
than ever before.
How did we 73 a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to 74 an object than to
spend time and money to repair it. 75 modern manufacturing (制造业)and technology, companies are able
to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and 76 .
Another cause is our 77 of disposable (一次性的) products. As 78 people, we are always
looking for 79 to save time and make our lives easier. Companies 80 thousands of different
kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.
Our appetite for new products also 81 to the problem. We are 82 buying new things.
Advertisements persuade us that 83 is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The
result is that we 84 useful possessions to make room for new ones.
All around the world, we can see the 85 of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep
getting bigger. To 86 the amount of rubbish and to protect the 87 , more governments are
requiring people to recycle materials. 88 , this is not enough to solve (解决) our problem.
Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions 89 throwing them away. We also
need to rethink our attitudes about 90 . Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits maybe the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.
71．A．key B．reason C．project D．problem
72．A．gifts B．rubbish C．debt D．products
73．A．face B．become C．observe D．change
74．A．hide B．control C．replace D．withdraw
75．A．Thanks to B．As to C．Except for D．Regardless of
76．A．safe B．funny C．cheap D．powerful
77．A．love B．lack C．prevention D．division
78．A．sensitive B．kind C．brave D．busy
79．A．ways B．places C．jobs D．friends
80．A．donate B．receive C．produce D．preserve
81．A．adapts B．returns C．responds D．contributes
82．A．tired of B．addicted to C．worried about D．ashamed for
83．A．newer B．stronger C．higher D．larger
84．A．pick up B．pay for C．hold onto D．throw away
85．A．advantages B．purposes C．functions D．consequences
86．A．show B．record C．decrease D．measure
87．A．technology B．environment C．consumers D．brands
88．A．However B．Otherwise C．Therefore D．Meanwhile
89．A．by B．in favour of C．after D．instead of
90．A．spending B．collecting C．repairing D．advertising
【答案】71．D 72．B 73．B 74．C 75．A 76．C 77．A 78．D 79．A
80．C 81．D 82．B 83．A 84．D 85．D 86．C 87．B 88．A 89．D
90．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是堆积如山的垃圾给环境带来的影响。随着社会的发展，人们
倾向于扔掉用旧了的东西，以新物品取而代之。而且，包装盒等一次性产品给人们带来方便的同时，也给
环境带来很大的压力。
71．考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是，世界各国的垃圾堆积如山，因为人们扔出的垃圾比以往任何时候
都多。A. key答案；B. reason原因；C. project项目；D. problem问题。根据上文In our modern world,
when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one.可知，此处指带来的问题。故选D。
72．考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是，世界各国的垃圾堆积如山，因为人们扔出的垃圾比以往任何时候
都多。A. gifts礼物；B. rubbish垃圾；C. debt债务；D. products产品。根据下文中的throwing out more
rubbish可知，此处指如山的垃圾。故选B。
73．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们如何成为一个一次性的社会的？A. face面对；B. become成为；C.observe观察；D. change改变。根据语境可知，此处在问我们如何成为了一个一次性的社会。故选B。
74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，现在替换一个物体要比花时间和金钱来修复它更容易。A. hide隐
藏；B. control控制；C. replace代替；D. withdraw撤退。根据下文than to spend time and money to
repair it.可知，我们可以更容易地替换一个物体。故选C。
75．考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于现代制造业和技术，公司能够迅速而廉价地制造产品。A. Thanks to
幸亏，由于； B. As to至于，关于；C. Except for除……之外；D. Regardless of不管，不顾。根据句意
可知，此处表示原因。故选A。
76．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：产品丰富多样并且廉价。A. safe安全的；B. funny滑稽可笑的；C.
cheap便宜的；D. powerful强大的，强有力的。根据上文 5 modern manufacturing (制造业)and
technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively.可知，产品丰富多样并且廉
价。故选C。
77．考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一个原因是我们对一次性产品的喜爱。A. love爱；B. lack缺乏；C.
prevention预防，阻止；D. division部门，分割。根据下文As 8 people, we are always looking
for 9 to save time and make our lives easier.可知，我们喜爱一次性产品。故选A。
78．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为忙碌的人，我们总是在寻找节省时间和使我们的生活更容易的方
法。A. sensitive敏感的；B. kind和蔼的；C. brave勇敢的；D. busy忙碌的。根据下文to save time and
make our lives easier可知，忙碌的人总是在寻找节省时间和使我们的生活更容易的方法。故选D。
79．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为忙碌的人，我们总是在寻找节省时间和使我们的生活更容易的方法。
A. ways方法；B. places地方；C. jobs工作；D. friends朋友。根据语境可知，此处指我们总是在寻找节
省时间和使我们的生活更容易的方法。故选A。
80．考查动词词义辨析。句意：公司生产成千上万的不同种类的一次性产品：纸盘子、塑料杯、照相机等
等。A. donate捐赠；B. receive收到；C. produce生产；D. preserve保护，维持。根据语境可知，此处指
公司生产成千上万的不同种类的一次性产品。故选C。
81．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们对新产品的需求也导致了这个问题。A. adapts to适应；改编；B.
returns to返回；回复；C. responds to对……做出反应；D. contributes to有助于，导致。根据语境可知，
此处指导致了这个问题。故选D。
82．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：我们热衷于购买新东西。A. tired of对……厌倦；B. addicted to对……
上瘾，迷恋于……；C. worried about担心；D. ashamed for为……感到惭愧。根据上文Our appetite for
new products also 1 1 to the problem.可知，我们热衷于购买新东西。故选B。
83．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：广告说服我们，越新越好，我们会更乐于使用最新产品。A. newer更新
的；B. stronger更强的；C. higher更高的；D. larger更大的。根据下文that we will be happier with the
latest products.可知，广告说服我们，产品越新越好。故选A。
84．考查动词短语辨析。句意：结果是，我们扔掉有用的东西，为新的物品腾出空间。A. pick up捡起，
学会；B. pay for付款；赔偿；C. hold onto紧紧抓住，抓住不放，保持住；D. throw away扔掉，丢弃。
根据下文to make room for new ones.可知，此处指扔掉有用的东西，为新的物品腾出空间。故选D。
85．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在世界各地，我们可以看到这种一次性生活方式的后果。A. advantages优
势，优点；B. purposes目的；C. functions功能；D. consequences后果，结果。根据下文Mountains ofrubbish just keep getting bigger.可知，此处指一次性生活方式的后果。故选D。
86．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了减少垃圾的数量和保护环境，越来越多的政府要求人们回收材料。A.
show显示，表明；B. record记录，记载；C. decrease减少；D. measure测量，权衡。根据下文more
governments are requiring people to recycle materials.可知，此处指为了减少垃圾的数量。故选C。
87．考查名词词义辨析。句意：A. technology技术；B. environment环境；C. consumers消费者；D.
brands品牌。根据下文more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.可知，此处指保护环
境。故选B。
88．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这并不足以解决我们的问题。A. However可是，然而；B.
Otherwise否则；C．Therefore所以；D. Meanwhile与此同时。根据语境可知，前后是转折关系。故选A。
89．考查介词（短语）辨析。句意：我们需要修复我们的财产而不是丢弃。A. by通过；B. in favour of
支持，赞成；C. after在……之后；D. instead of而不是。根据语境可知，前后是对比关系。故选D。
90．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们还需要重新思考我们对消费的态度。A. spending消费；B. collecting
收集；C. repairing修复；D. advertising作广告。根据语境可知，此处指重新思考我们对消费的态度。故选
A。
5.（2013年广东卷）
Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a 21 , in number. Human beings
are born with this ability. 22 , experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds
have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not 23 However, if you
remove two, the bird 24 leaves. This means that the bird knows the 25 between two and three.
Another interesting experiment showed a bird's 26 number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of
a crow(乌鸦)that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not 27
until the man left the tower. The man had an 28 . He took another man with him to the tower. One man left
and the other stayed, but they did not 29 the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The
experiment was 30 with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all
the men were 31 . It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were 32
able to fool the crow.
How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old
almost always notice if something is taken away from a 33 group. But when the number goes beyond three
or four, the children are 34 fooled.
It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our
human 35 is not much better than a crow's.
21．A．rise B．pattern C．change D．trend
22．A．Importantly B．Surprisingly C．Disappointedly D．Fortunately23．A．survive B．care C．hatch D．notice
24．A．generally B．sincerely C．casually D．deliberately
25．A．distance B．range C．different D．interval
26．A．amazing B．annoying C．satisfying D．disturbing
27．A．relax B．recover C．react D．return
28．A．appointment B．excuse C．idea D．explanation
29．A．fool B．hurt C．catch D．kill
30．A．reported B．repeated C．designed D．approved
31．A．confused B．gone C．tired D．drunk
32．A．gradually B．luckily C．strangely D．finally
33．A．single B．small C．local D．new
34．A．seldom B．temporarily C．merely D．often
35．A．sight B．nature C．ability D．belief
【答案】21．C 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．C 26．A 27．D 28．C 29．A
30．B 31．B 32．D 33．B 34．D 35．C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过实验证明了鸟类在一定范围内也有和人类一样的感知数字变化的能
力。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是意识到在数字方面改变的一种能力。A. rise上升；B. pattern模式；C.
change改变；D. trend趋向。 根据下文的“For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four
eggs and you remove one”可知，此处是指意识到数字方面改变的一种能力。故选C。
22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人吃惊的是，很多动物也有这方面的能力。A. Importantly重要地；B.
Surprisingly令人吃惊地；C. Disappointedly失望地；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据上下文句意，此处表示惊
讶，居然动物也具有这种能力。故选B。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果一个巢里面有4个蛋，你拿走了一个，鸟是不会注意到的。A. survive
幸存；B. care关心，在乎；C. hatch孵化；D. notice注意到。根据下文的“For example, babies about
fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a 1 3 group.”可知，此处是
指拿走一个蛋，鸟不会注意到。notice是原词复现。故选D。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当你拿走两个时，鸟普遍会离开。A. generally普遍；B. sincerely衷
心地；C. casually随意地；D. deliberately故意地。根据句意可知，此处是指如果被拿走的鸟蛋较多，鸟会
注意到，遇到这种情况，鸟普遍会离开巢。故选A。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这意味着鸟知道二和三的不同。A. distance距离；B. range范围；C.
difference不同；D. interval间隔。结合上文给出的例子可知，鸟知道巢里面是两个还是三个蛋，即它们能
分出二和三的不同。故选C。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：另外一个有趣的实验展示了鸟惊人的数字感。A. amazing令人吃惊的；
B. annoying令人生气的；C. satisfying令人满意的；D. disturbing令人烦恼的。 结合下文给出的例子可知，鸟类有一个令人吃惊的数字感，它们能辨别出小范围内数字的改变。故选A。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到这个人离开塔这只鸟才返回巢穴。A. relax放松；B. recover恢复；C.
react反应；D. return返回。根据下文的“But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were 1 1
”可知，此处是指等人离开了塔，鸟才返回巢中。故选D。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：此人有了一个主意。A. appointment约会；B. excuse借口；C. idea主意；
D. explanation解释。根据下文的“He took another man with him to the tower.”可知，这是此人的一个主意。
故选C。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个人离开，而另一个留下来，但他们没有骗到这只鸟。A. fool愚弄；B.
hurt伤害；C. catch抓住；D. kill杀死。结合语境和根据下文的“It was not until five men went into the tower
and only four left that they were 1 2 able to fool the crow.”可知，他们这样做是为了骗这只鸟。故选A。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该实验用三人和四人又重复了两次。A. reported报道；B. repeated重复；C.
designed设计；D. approved赞同。结合上文可知，先是一个人参与实验，然后是两个人，现在是三个人和
四个人，因此是重复该实验。故选B。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但乌鸦直到所有人都离开后才回到巢穴。A. confused困惑的；B. gone消
失的；C. tired劳累的；D. drunk喝醉的。根据上文“The crow stayed away until the second man left, too.”可
知，此处只是等人离开乌鸦才回到巢穴。故选B。
32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：直到五个人进入塔内，四个人离开时他们才最终骗到这只乌鸦。A.
gradually逐渐地；B. luckily幸运地；C. strangely奇怪地；D. finally 最终。结合上文提到的几次实验可
知，此处是指到最后一次实验时，他们才最终骗到乌鸦。故选D。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，如果某物从一小部分东西中被拿走时，14个月左右大的孩子总是
可以注意到。A. single单一的；B. small小的；C. local当地的；D. new 新的。根据下文的“But when the
number goes beyond three or four, the children are 14 fooled.”可知，此处是指东西数量较小时，数字的
变化14个月左右大的孩子可以注意到。故选B。
34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但当数字超过三或四时，这些孩子常常被骗。A. seldom很少；B.
temporarily暂时；C. merely仅仅；D. often常常。根据but表示转折，上文说孩子总是可以注意到小部分数
字变化，可知，此处是指如果数字超过三或四，孩子常常就注意不到变化了。故选D。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：似乎数字感是我们和动物在这个世界上共有的东西，并且我们人类的能力
并不比一只乌鸦强多少。A. sight视线，视野；B. nature自然，本性；C. ability能力；D. belief信念。根据
上文的“Human beings are born with this ability.”可知，此处是指人类感知数字变化的能力。故选C。
6.（2010年安徽卷）
Most people give little thought to the pens they write with, especially since the printers in modern homes and
offices mean that very 36 things are handwritten. All too often, people buy a pen based only on 37 ,
and wonder why they are not satisfied 38 they begin to use it. However, buying a pen that you’ll enjoy is not
39 if you keep the following in mind.
First of all, a pen should fit comfortably in your hand and be 40 to use. The thickness of the pen is themost important characteristic (特征) 41 comfort. Having a small hand and thick fingers, you may
comfortable with a thin pen. If you have a 42 hand and thicker fingers you may 43 a fatter pen. The
length of a pen can 44 influence comfort. A pen that is too 45 can easily feeltop heavy and
unstable.
Then, the writing point of the pen should 46 the ink to flow evenly(均匀的) while that pen remains in
touch with the paper. 47 will make it possibly for you to create a 48 line of writing. The point
should also be sensitive enough to 49 ink from running when the pen is lifted. A point that does not
block the 50 may leave drops of ink, 51 you pick the pen up and put it down again.
52 , the pen should make a thick, dark line. Fine line pens may 53 bad handwriting, but
fine, delicate lines do not command 54 next to printed text, as, 55 , a signature on a printed
letter. A broader line, on the other hand, gives an impression of confidence and authority (权威)。
36．A．many B．few C．pleasant D．important
37．A．looks B．reason C．value D．advantages
38．A．once B．if C．because D．though
39．A．convenient B．practical C．strange D．difficult
40．A．heavy B．easy C．hard D．safe
41．A．taking B．finding C．determining D．seeking
42．A．strong B．weaker C．smaller D．larger
43．A．prefer B．recommend C．prepare D．demand
44．A．hardly B．also C．never D．still
45．A．thick B．light C．long D．soft
46．A．change B．allow C．reduce D．press
47．A．they B．one C．this D．some
48．A．thin B．rough C．black D．smooth
49．A．prevent B．free C．protect D．remove
50．A．way B．sight C．flow D．stream
51．A．so B．as C．and D．yet
52．A．Meanwhile B．Generally C．Afterwards D．Finally
53．A．show up B．differ from C．break down D．compensate for
54．A．attention B．support C．respect D．admission
55．A．at most B．for example C．in brief D．on purpose【答案】36．B 37．A 38．A 39．D 40．B 41．C 42．D 43．A 44．B
45．C 46．B 47．C 48．D 49．A 50．C 51．B 52．D 53．D 54．A
55．B
【解析】本文是说明文。许多人在使用钢笔的时候不知道什么样的笔才是好笔,在购买的时候只注重其外
表,忽略了好的钢笔所需的重要特点。本文给你在选购钢笔时提出了几点建议。
36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们忽视了对钢笔的使用，尤其是当现代家庭和办公室内打印机的使用
意味着将几乎没有什么东西是手写的时候。A. many许多；B. few很少的；C. pleasant令人高兴的；D.
important重要的。根据上文“Most people give little thought to the pens they write with”可知，人们忽视对钢
笔的使用，说明人们没多少时候要用钢笔。故选B。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现实中，人们仅为了追求外表好看而买钢笔，想知道为什么他们一旦开始
使用它就不满意。A. looks外貌；B. reason原因；C. value价值；D. advantages好处。根据下文“they begin
to use it”可知，人们买钢笔的时候只是追求外表好看，但是用的时候又不满意了。故选A。
38．考查连词词义辨析。句意：见第2题详解。A. once一旦；B. if如果；C. because因为；D. though尽
管。根据这句话 “wonder why they are not satisfied 3 they begin to use it”上下文的意思可知，应该
使用once引导条件状语从句。故选A。
39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，只要遵循以下几点，你将会发现买一支你喜欢的钢笔并不是什么
难事。A. convenient方便的；B. practical实用的；C. strange奇怪的；D. difficult困难的。根据下文“if you
keep the following in mind.”可知，如果按照下文的建议，买到满意的钢笔就不难。故选D。
40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先，一支钢笔握在手中要感觉比较舒服，并且用起来不费力。A.
heavy重的；B. easy不费力的；容易的；C. hard困难的；D. safe安全的。根据上文“a pen should fit
comfortably in your hand”可知，这里指好的钢笔应该有的特点，所以是用起来很好用，不费力。故选B。
41．考查代词词义辨析。句意：钢笔的粗细程度是决定舒适程度的最重要的特征。A. taking带走；B.
finding找到；C. determining决定；D. seeking寻找。根据下文“comfort”可知，这里指决定舒适度的是钢笔
的粗细程度。故选C。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你有一只较大的手，并且手指较粗，你或许更喜欢用一支粗大的铅
笔。A. strong强壮的；B. weaker弱的；C. smaller小的；D. larger大的。根据上文“Having a small hand and
thick fingers, you may comfortable with a thin pen.”可知，这句话是和上文构成对比，上文是小手，所以这里
应该是大手。故选D。
43．考查代词词义辨析。句意：见第7题详解。A. prefer更喜欢；B. recommend推荐；C. prepare准备；D.
demand要求。根据上文“Having a small hand and thick fingers, you may comfortable with a thin pen.”可知，
这句话是和上文构成对比，所以应该是小手粗指头的适合用细笔，大手更粗指头的更喜欢用粗笔。故选
A。
44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：钢笔的长度也影响使用的舒适度。A. hardly几乎不；B. also也；C. never
从不；D. still仍然。根据上文“The thickness of the pen is the most important characteristic (特征)
comfort.”可知，上文提到钢笔的粗细，后文说的是其长度问题，所以上下文应是并列关系。故选B。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：钢笔太长的话就很容易让人感到顶端过于沉重，写字时也不稳定。A.
thick厚的；B. light轻的；C. long长的；D. soft软的。根据上文“The length of a pen can 9 influencecomfort.”可知，上文提到钢笔的长度，所以接下来应该解释为什么适合的长度也很重要。故选C。
46．考查代词词义辨析。句意：然后，当钢笔和纸接触时，其笔尖应该是能让墨水流畅地流出。A. change
改变；B. allow允许；C. reduce减少；D. press按压。根据下文“the ink to flow evenly”可知，这里指一支好
的钢笔的笔尖应该是允许墨水流畅地流出。故选B。
47．考查代词词义辨析。句意：这将使得你可以顺畅的书写变得可能。A. they他们；B. one一个；C. this
这个；D. some一些。根据下文“will make it possibly for you to create a 1 3 line of writing.”可知，能
完成这个要求的是上文提到的“Then, the writing point of the pen should 1 1 the ink to flow evenly(均
匀的) while that pen remains in touch with the paper.”，指代上文的一句话，用动词this。故选C。
48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第12题详解。A. thin薄的；B. rough粗糙的；C. black黑色的；D.
smooth顺畅的，均匀的，光滑的。根据下文“line of writing”可知，这是指要在写字的时候，写出的线条是
连贯的，流畅的，均匀的。故选D。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：好的钢笔的笔尖应该灵敏到一旦笔被提起来就可以阻止墨水继续流出来。
A. prevent阻止；B. free释放；C. protect保护；D. remove挪开，移走。根据下文“ink from running when
the pen is lifted.”可知，这里指不写字的时候好钢笔应该有的特点：一旦笔尖离开纸面就能控制住墨水的流
出，而不是肆意的继续滴落在纸上。故选A。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你提起笔或者把它再次放下时，笔尖若是不能阻止墨水的流出就会使墨
水滴在纸上。A. way方法；B. sight视线；C. flow流动；D. stream溪流。根据下文“may leave drops of ink”
可知，如果墨水继续往下滴，说明笔尖不能阻止墨水的流动。故选C。
51．考查连词词义辨析。句意：见第15题详解。A. so因此；B. as当；C. and并且；D. yet但是。根据这句
话的上下文意思可知，下文“you pick the pen up and put it down again”是指时间，用as引导时间状语。故
选B。
52．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，好钢笔应该写出来粗黑线条。A. Meanwhile同时；B. Generally大体
上看；C. Afterwards后来；D. Finally最后。根据上文提到“First of all”和“Then”可知，上文讲述了许多好
钢笔的特点这句话仍然是它的特点之一，是最后一点。故选D。
53．考查动词短语辨析。句意：好的行文线条也许可以弥补坏的书写，但是，细腻、精致的行文能引起丝
毫不亚于印刷字体比如签名那样的注意。A. show up出现；B. differ from不同于；C. break down坏掉，垮
掉；D. compensate for弥补。根据下文“bad handwriting”可知，这里指书写不好的话，如果钢笔写出来的
行文很好，可以弥补一下不好看的书写。故选D。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第18题详解。A. attention关注；B. support支持；C. respect尊敬；D.
admission允许。根据下文“A broader line, on the other hand, gives an impression of confidence and authority”
可知，作者认为优美的书法足以引起人们丝毫不亚于对印刷文字的关注——好的书法一样能够使人给予重
视。故选A。
55．考查介词短语辨析。句意：见第18题详解。A. at most最多；B. for example例如；C. in brief简单的
说；D. on purpose故意。根据下文“a signature on a printed letter”可知，作者是以签名为例来说明书法的重
要性。故选B。
7.（2009年江苏卷）The requirements for high school graduation have just changed in my community. As a result, all students
must 1 sixty hours of service learning, 2 they will not receive a diploma. Service learning is
academic learning that also helps the community. 3 of service learning include cleaning up a polluted river,
working in a soup kitchen, or tutoring a student. 4 a service experience, students must keep a journal and
then write a 5 about what they have learned.
Supporters claim that there are many 6 of service learning. Perhaps most importantly, students are
forced to think 7 their own interests and become 8 of the needs of others. Students are also able to
learn reallife skills that 9 responsibility, problemsolving, and working as part of a team. 10
students can explore possible careers 11 service learning. For example, if a student wonders what
teaching is like, he or she can choose to work in an elementary school classroom a few afternoons each month.
12 there are many benefits, opponents 13 problems with the new requirement. First, they
14 that the main reason students go to school is to learn core subjects and skills. Because service learning is
timeconsuming, students spend 15 time studying the core subjects. Second, they believe that forcing
students to work without 16 goes against the law. By requiring service, the school takes away an
individual’s freedom to choose.
In my view, service learning is a great way to 17 to the community, learn new skills, and explore
different careers. 18 , I don’t believe you should force people to help others — the 19 to help
must come from the heart. I think the best 20 is one that gives students choices: a student should be able
to choose sixty hours of independent study or sixty hours of service. Choice encourages both freedom and
responsibility and as young adults, we must learn to handle both wisely.
1．A．spend B．gain C．complete D．save
2．A．and B．or C．but D．for
3．A．Subjects B．Ideas C．Procedures D．Examples
4．A．With B．Before C．During D．After
5．A．diary B．report C．note D．notice
6．A．courses B．benefits C．challenges D．features
7．A．beyond B．about C．over D．in
8．A．careful B．proud C．tired D．aware
9．A．possess B．apply C．include D．develop
10．A．Gradually B．Finally C．Luckily D．Hopefully
11．A．through B．across C．of D．on12．A．So B．Thus C．Since D．While
13．A．deal with B．look into C．point out D．take down
14．A．argue B．doubt C．overlook D．admit
15．A．much B．full C．less D．more
16．A．cost B．pay C．care D．praise
17．A．contribute B．appeal C．attend D．belong
18．A．Therefore B．Otherwise C．Besides D．However
19．A．courage B．desire C．emotion D．spirit
20．A．decision B．purpose C．solution D．result
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．B
11．A 12．D 13．C 14．A 15．C 16．B 17．A 18．D 19．B 20．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人们对高中生是否应该参加社会服务学习的不同看法。
1．C考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，所有学生必须完成60小时的社会服务学习，否则他们将得不到文
凭。A. spend 花费，度过；B. gain 获得；C. complete完成；D. save节约。根据上文“The requirements for
high school graduation”可知，这是高中毕业的一个条件，因此所有的学生必须完成60小时的社会服务学
习，故选C。
2．B考查连词词义辨析。句意同上。A. and而且，和；B. or 否则；C. but但是； D. for为。否则他们就
得不到毕业证。 根据语境可知，社会服务学习是高中毕业的一个条件，因此所有的学生必须完成60小时
的社会服务学习，否则就得不到毕业证，故选B。
3．D考查名词词义辨析。句意：服务学习的例子包括清理被污染的河流、在厨房里帮厨或辅导学生。A.
Subjects课程； B. Ideas观点；C. Procedures程序；D. Examples例子。下文“cleaning up a polluted
river, working in a soup kitchen, or tutoring a student.”都是服务学习的具体例子，故选D。
4．C考查介词词义辨析。句意：在一次服务学习期间，学生必须写日志，然后写一份关于所学内容的报
告。A. With随着，和；B. Before在…之前；C. During在……期间； D. After在…之后。空后说的写日志
和报告是学生在服务学习期间应该干的事，故选C。
5．B考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. diary日记；B. report报告； C. note笔记；D. notice注意。根据语
境可知，学生必须写完日志后，还要就他们学到了什么写一篇报告，故选B。
6．B考查名词词义辨析。句意：支持者声称服务学习有很多益处。A. courses 课程；B. benefits益处； C.
challenge挑战；D. features特征。社会服务学习的支持者肯定会说它有很多好处，故选B。
7．A考查介词词义辨析。句意：也许最重要的是，学生们被迫要跳出自己的兴趣去思考，去意识到别人的
需要。A. beyond 超出……范围；B. about关于； C. over超过，在……之上；D. in在……里面。根据常识
和语境可知，学生们选择的社会服务项目不可能完全符合自己的兴趣爱好，他们被迫要跳出自己的兴趣去
思考，故选A。
8．D考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. careful小心的；B. pround骄傲的；C. tired疲惫的；D. aware意
识到的。空前一句说学生们被迫要跳出自己的兴趣去思考，因此他们要去意识到别人的需要，故选D。9．C考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生们还能够学习现实生活中的技能，包括责任感、解决问题和团队合
作。A. possess拥有；B. apply应用； C. include包括；D. develop发展；空后提到的责任感、解决问题的能
力和责任感都是现实生活中的技能所包括的方面，故选C。
10．B考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，学生可以通过服务学习探索可能的职业。A. Gradually逐渐地；B.
Finally最后；C. Luckily幸运地；D. Hopefully有希望地。根据本段第二句“Perhaps most importantly”及第
三句的“also”可知本段讲服务学习的好处，本句是最后一个，故选B。
11．A考查介词词义辨析。句意同上。A.through通过；B.across穿过；C. of……的；D. on在……上面。根
据空后的“service learning”可知此处指“通过服务学习”，故选A。
12．D考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管有很多好处，反对者指出了新要求的问题。A. So所以；B. Thus这
样；C. Since自从；D. While虽然。空后说反对者指出新要求的问题，因此前后是让步关系，故选D。
13．C考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. deal with处理；B. look into调查；C. point out指出；D. take down
记下。根据空后的“problems with the new requirement”可知，反对者指出了新要求的问题，故选C。
14．A考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，他们认为（争论说）学生上学的主要原因是学习核心学科和技
能。A. argue争论；B. doubt怀疑； C. overlook忽视；D. admit承认。空后的“that the main reason students
go to school is to learn core subjects and skills”是反对者（争论）的观点，故选 A。
15．C考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为服务学习是要花时间的，所以学生用在主要科目的学习时间就更
少了。A.much很多；B. full满的；C. less更少；D. more更多。空前一句说服务学习是要花时间的，学生
用在主要科目的学习时间自然就更少了，故选C。
16．B考查名词词义辨析。句意：其次，他们认为强迫学生无偿工作是违法的。A. cost花费；B. pay付报
酬；C. care关心；D. praise 表扬。根据下半句“goes against the law.”可知，让学生工作而不付报酬是违法
的，故选B。
17．A考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我看来，服务学习是一种很好的方式，可以为社区做出贡献，学习新
技能，探索不同的职业。A. contribute to促进、有助于；B. appeal to呼吁；C. attend to照顾；D. belong to
属于。此处contribute to是固定搭配，促进，有助于。空后提到了学习新技能和探索不同的职业，此处与
之并列，应该是为社区做贡献，故选A。
18．D考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我不认为你应该强迫一个人去帮助他人——帮助别人的愿望必须
发自内心。A. Therefore因此；B. Otherwise否则；C. Besides除此之外；D. However然而。空前一句说服务
学习可以为社区做出贡献，学习新技能，探索不同的职业，空后又说我不认为你应该强迫一个人去帮助他
人，前后是转折关系，故选D。
19．B考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. courage勇气；B. desire愿望；C. emotion情绪；D. spirit精神。与
被强迫去帮助别人形成对比，帮助别人的愿望应该是发自内心的，故选B。
20．C考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为解决问题的最好办法是让学生自己选择。A. decision决定；B.
purpose目的；C. solution解决办法；D. result结果。上文介绍了支持者和反对者的观点，再结合空后的内
容可知此处是说解决问题的最好办法是让学生自己选择，故选C。