ARTICLE · 1133895
小学英语语法100期G92 · 主语从句与表语从句
发布时间：2026-10-07 11:09:49 最近访问：2026-10-07 11:09:50
| 本期目标1. 理解主语从句（一个句子充当整个句子的主语）2. 理解表语从句（一个句子充当表语）3. 掌握 it 作形式主语的常见句型4. 学会区分主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句 |
| 主语从句就是一个句子充当整个句子的主语。引导词和宾语从句几乎一样（that / whether / wh- 词）。对比理解：普通主语（一个词）：His success surprised me.（他的成功让我惊讶。）主语从句（一个句子）：That he succeeded surprised me.（他成功了这件事让我惊讶。）第二句里 "That he succeeded" 是一个完整的句子，充当整个句子的主语。 |
| 引导词 | 类型 | 例句 | 分析 |
| that | 陈述 | That he is honest is true. | "他很诚实"这件事是真的 |
| whether | 是否 | Whether he will come is unknown. | "他是否来"还不知道 |
| what | 什么 | What he said is true. | "他说的（话）"是真的 |
| who | 谁 | Who will go doesn't matter. | "谁去"不重要 |
| where | 哪里 | Where he lives is a secret. | "他住哪里"是个秘密 |
| 主语从句的核心规则1. 主语从句必须用陈述语序（和宾语从句一样）2. that 引导主语从句时 不能省略（宾语从句中可以省，主语从句不能！）3. 主语从句作主语，谓语动词通常用单数4. 句首只能用 whether，不能用 if（If he will come is unknown. 是错误的！） |
| 主语从句太长时，英语喜欢用 it 放在句首当"形式主语"，把真正的主语从句放到后面。 |
| 句型 | it 形式主语 | 原句（不常用） |
| It is + adj + that... | It is important that you study hard. | That you study hard is important. |
| It is + adj + to do... | It is easy to learn English. | To learn English is easy. |
| It is + n + that... | It is a pity that you can't come. | That you can't come is a pity. |
| It is + 过去分词 + that... | It is said that he is rich. | That he is rich is said. |
| It seems/appears that... | It seems that she is unhappy. | That she is unhappy seems. |
| 常见 It is... that 句型（背下来很有用！）It is important/necessary/natural that...（重要/必要/自然...）It is clear/obvious/certain that...（清楚/明显/肯定...）It is strange/surprising that...（奇怪/惊人...）It is a pity/a shame/a fact that...（遗憾/丢脸/事实...）It is said/reported/believed/known that...（据说/据报道/据信/众所周知...） |
| 表语从句就是一个句子放在系动词（be/look/seem等）后面充当表语。对比理解：普通表语（词）：The problem is difficult.（问题是困难的。）表语从句（句子）：The problem is that we don't have enough time.（问题是我们没有足够的时间。）第二句里 "that we don't have enough time" 就是表语从句，它说出了"problem"到底是什么。 |
| 引导词 | 类型 | 例句 |
| that | 陈述 | The truth is that he was lying.（事实是他在撒谎。） |
| whether | 是否 | The question is whether he will agree.（问题是他是否同意。） |
| what | 什么 | That is what I want to say.（那就是我想说的。） |
| why | 为什么 | That is why he was late.（那就是他迟到的原因。） |
| because | 因为 | He was late. That was because he missed the bus.（那是因为他错过了公交。） |
| 表语从句的特殊点1. that 引导表语从句时 通常不省略（口语中偶有省略）2. 可以用 because 引导（区别于原因状语从句）3. 最常见的句式：The reason is that...（原因是...）不能说：The reason is because...（reason 和 because 重复！） |
| 从句类型 | 位置 | 例句 | 识别信号 |
| 主语从句 | 句首（或it后） | What he said is true. | 从句在前，后面跟着系动词be |
| 宾语从句 | 动词/介词后 | I know what he said. | 跟在及物动词或介词后面 |
| 表语从句 | 系动词后 | That is what he said. | 跟在 is/are/was/were 后面 |
| 名词性从句口诀主语从句句首站，宾语从句动后面，表语从句be后见，引导词都差不多，陈述语序是王道！ |
| 题号 | 题目 | 选项 |
| 1 | _______ she will come is still a question. | A. IfB. WhetherC. That |
| 2 | The problem is _______ we don't have enough money. | A. whatB. becauseC. that |
| 3 | It is clear _______ he is telling a lie. | A. thatB. whatC. whether |
| 4 | _______ he said at the meeting surprised everyone. | A. ThatB. WhatC. Which |
| 5 | That is _______ I didn't go to school yesterday. | A. becauseB. whyC. that |
| 题号 | 句子 | 主语/宾语/表语从句？ |
| 6 | What you need is a good rest. | _________ |
| 7 | I don't know what you need. | _________ |
| 8 | The problem is what you need. | _________ |
| 9 | That he passed the exam made us happy. | _________ |
| 10 | It is important that you come on time. | _________ |
| 11. If he can finish the work on time is unknown.12. The reason why he was late is because he missed the bus.13. What did he say surprised everyone.14. That is that I want to tell you.15. She asked me what was I doing. |
| 第一关：选择1. B (Whether) — 句首主语从句不能用 if，只能用 whether！2. C (that) — 表语从句表示"问题是..."这个事实，用 that。3. A (that) — It is clear that... 固定搭配，that 引导真正主语。4. B (What) — What he said = 他说的（话），what 在从句中作 said 的宾语。5. B (why) — "那就是我昨天没去上学的原因"，That is why... 表示结果。 |
| 第二关：判断类型6. 主语从句 — "What you need" 是整个句子的主语，后面 is a good rest。7. 宾语从句 — "what you need" 是 don't know 的宾语。8. 表语从句 — "what you need" 跟在 is 后面。9. 主语从句 — "That he passed..." 是整个句子的主语。10. 主语从句 — it 是形式主语，"that you come on time" 是真正主语。 |
| 第三关：改错11. Whether he can finish the work on time is unknown. — 句首不能用 if。12. The reason ... is that he missed the bus. — The reason is because 是错误表达！应该是 The reason is that...13. What he said surprised everyone. — 主语从句用陈述语序，不可以用疑问语序 what did he say。14. That is what I want to tell you. — 表语从句表示"想告诉你的（话）"，用 what，不是 that。15. She asked me what I was doing. — 宾语从句用陈述语序，was I doing 是疑问语序。 |
| 本期核心总结主语从句：句首 / it引导，句首不能用 if表语从句：系动词后，常见 The reason is that...三大名词性从句同根同源，引导词一致但位置不同下期预告：G93 直接引语与间接引语 |
| 小学英语语法100期 · G92 · 主语从句与表语从句 | 从句系列 |