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人大附中通州校区九年级上开学调研
听力部分（共30分）
一、听后选择（每题1.5分,共19.5分）
听对话或独白,根据对话或独白的内容,从下列各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项。
每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
请听一段对话,完成第1至第2题。
1. What's the matter with the boy?
A. He has a headache. B. He cut himself. C. He has a fever.
2. What does the woman advise the boy to do?
A. To see a doctor. B. To get some sleep. C. To take some medicine.
请听一段对话, 完成第3至第4题。
3. What does the man want to buy for his son?
A. A toy car. B. A child's bike. C. ACD player.
4. How long has the girl's father had the CD player?
A. For 3 years. B. For 5 years. C. For 15 years.
请听一段对话, 完成第5至第6题。
5. Where will the speakers meet?
A. At the city park. B. At the water park. C. At the amusement park.
6. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Places to buy skates. B. Ways to save money. C. Plans for the afternoon.
请听一段独白, 完成第7至第8题。
7. What can we learn from the speech?
A. Steve wrote the play with Amy.
.
B Linda volunteered to choose music.
C. Chris organized practices for the play.
8. Why does the speaker make the speech?
A. To describe a special teacher.
B. To introduce a fair competition.
C. To share a successful experience.
请听一段对话, 完成第9题。
9. What is the girl reading?
A. A book about birds. B. A book about pictures. C. A book about interesting facts.
第1页/共20页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司请听一段对话, 完成第 10 题。
10. When did the girl go to a summer camp?
A. In 2009. B. In 2019. C. In 2090.
请听一段对话, 完成第11题。
11. What can we learn from the dialogue?
A. The woman Mary knew where the accident happened at first.
B. The man was near the hospital when the accident happened.
C. It was lucky that the two drivers didn't get hurt.
请听一段对话, 完成第12题。
12. What does Mom tell the boy to do first?
A. To clean his room. B. To empty the bin. C. To make the bed.
请听一段对话, 完成第 13 题。
13. Why does the boy talk to the girl?
A. To ask her to bring a pen and a notebook.
B. To invite her to go to the museum tomorrow.
C. To inform her of a visit to the art museum.
二、听后填空（每题1.5分,共10.5分）
听短文, 根据所听内容和提示信息, 将所缺信息填写在相应位置上。其中, 14—18为单词, 19—20为短语或
短句（省略号部分补全）, 短文你将听两遍。
How to get over nervousness
●take a deep breath in and slowly count to 5
Take a breath ●let it out and count to 5 again
●do that several times 19……
●look al 5 things and think about their ___________
Use the 5-4-3-2-1
●listen for 4 sounds and touch 3 things
___________
●notice 2 smells and list 1 thing you can ___________
●go for a little walk 20……
Get out of the ___________
●talk to a ___________ friend or a loved one
笔试部分（70分）
三、单项选择（共6分, 每小题0.5分）
从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. My brother and I like museums. ________ often visit them on weekends.
A. I B. We C. They D. You
第2页/共20页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：我哥哥和我喜欢博物馆。我们经常在周末去参观。
考查代词辨析。I我；We我们；They它们；You你们。根据“My brother and I like museums”和“visit”可知，
空处指“我和我哥哥”，所以用we指代。故选B。
2. Beihai Park is so quiet that people can hardly believe it’s ________ the city center.
A. on B. to C. in D. of
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：北海公园静谧得让人不敢相信它就在市中心。
考查介词辨析。on在……边/端，侧重与另一个物体表面相接触；to在……面，表示一个地方在另一个地
方的范围之外；in在……里面，表示在范围之内；of属于……的。根据“...the city center.”可知，此处是指
在市中心，用介词in。故选C。
3. — Tim, have you ever heard the song Together for a Shared Future?
— Yes, it ________ beautiful.
A. smells B. sounds C. feels D. looks
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——蒂姆，你听过《一起向未来》这首歌吗？ ——是的，听起来很美。
考查系动词。smells闻起来；sounds听起来；feels摸起来；looks看起来。根据“have you ever heard the
song Together for a Shared Future?”可知，《一起向未来》是一首歌曲，应该是听起来很美。故选B。
4. —Emma, ________ have you been in Beijing?
—For about two years.
A. how far B. how often C. how long D. how soon
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——艾玛，你在北京多长时间了？——大概两年了。
考查疑问词。how far多远，对距离提问；how often多久一次，对频率提问；how long多长时间，对时间
段提问；how soon多久，对将要用多长时间提问。根据“For about two years.”可知此处对时间段提问，故
用疑问词how long。故选C。
5. The Yangtze River is almost as ________ as the Amazon River.
A. longer B. longest C. the longest D. long
【答案】D
第3页/共20页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司【解析】
【详解】句意：长江几乎和亚马逊河一样长。
考查固定用法。 as+形容词或副词的原级+as是固定结构，表示“和……一样”，long是形容词，as long as
表示“和……一样长”，在句中作表语。故选D。
6. So far China ________ nine manned spaceships into space.
A. sends B. will send C. has sent D. sent
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：到目前为止，中国已经向太空发射了九艘载人飞船。
考查现在完成时。由提示词So far 可知，这里用现在完成时，其结构是：助动词have/has+动词的过去分词。
故选C。
7. The cute dog caught my eyes ________ I walked into the pet store.
A. as soon as B. ever since C. although D. unless
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：我一走进宠物店，那只可爱的狗就吸引了我的注意。
考查连词辨析。as soon as一……就；ever since从那时起；although虽然；unless除非。根据句意可知，“I
walked into the pet store”是“The cute dog caught my eyes”的时间状语，表示一走进去，就被吸引住了，故选
A。
8. I ________ my mom do the dishes when Jimmy called in at eight last night.
A. help B. helped C. will help D. was helping
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：昨晚八点Jimmy来访时，我正在帮妈妈洗碗。
考查过去进行时。根据“when Jimmy called in at eight last night.”可知描述的是昨晚八点正在发生的动作，
因此句子应用过去进行时。故选D。
9. Our class ________ in an old people’s home next summer vacation.
A. volunteer B. volunteered C. have volunteered D. will volunteer
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：明年暑假，我们班要去敬老院参加志愿工作。
考查动词时态。根据“next summer vacation”可知，此处应用一般将来时。故选D。
10. —________ you explain to me how to do this math problem, Tom?
第4页/共20页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司—Sure, no problem.
A. Must B. Could C. Should D. May
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——汤姆，你能给我解释一下怎么做这道数学题吗？——当然没问题。
考查情态动词。must必须；could（礼貌地请求别人做事）能，能否；should应该；may可以（征求同意或
表示允许），常与第一人称I连用。根据“you explain to me how to do this math problem, Tom”可知，此处
是礼貌地请求别人帮忙，应用委婉语气，主语是you，所以用could。故选B。
11. The government ________ a new road near our school in 2020.
A. build B. built C. has built D. will build
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：政府于2020年在我们学校附近修了一条新路。
考查动词时态。根据“in 2020”可知，此句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故选B。
12. — Could you please tell me ________?
— Next Friday.
A. when we visit the Science Museum
B. when do we visit the Science Museum
C. when will we visit the Science Museum
D. when we will visit the Science Museum
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我我们什么时候参观科学博物馆吗？——下周五。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除B和C；根据答语“Next Friday.”可知，问句从句用一般将来时。
故选D。
四、完形填空。（共8分, 每题1分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Never Stop Trying
第5页/共20页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司Martha was born in a poor family in the countryside in Africa, and people need to pay much money for school.
As a result, it was never ____13____ for her to have a life that she wanted. However, at the age of 14, she
____14____ to get an education(教育).
Martha believed that if she held her head high and had enough training, she would achieve the goal (实现目
标) that other people only dreamed of. At the age of 15, she started looking for ways to make money for her
education. Her father left his family, leaving his children with no other choices but to ____15____ out of school.
Martha was ready to show the world that she would not be broken and nothing was going to stop her from being a
respected(受人尊敬的) member of society. She found a way of ____16____ a hair product but there wasn’t much
money she made. ____17____, the little money she had would go a long way.
At the age of 16, Martha managed to put herself through high school. After high school, her uncle put her
through college where she studied science for 2 years. At 22, she graduated and worked for the Red Cross and her
life changed for the ____18____ . A few years later, one of the best companies in her country heard about her
ability(能力) and graduate hard work and asked her to work for them.
Today, Martha is one of the most ____19____ women in her family. Martha has also changed the lives of her
family members just as she planned. She never gave up and today she is able to walk with her ____20____ high
and she is telling you that with an education and a clear goal, you can achieve anything.
13. A. hard B. boring C. secret D. easy
14. A. hurried B. happened C. dreamed D. refused
15. A. move B. drop C. run D. jump
16. A. buying B. hiding C. creating D. borrowing
17. A. Luckily B. Suddenly C. Sadly D. Strangely
18. A. poorer B. healthier C. worse D. better
19. A. humorous B. successful C. careful D. patient
20. A. head B. arm C. hand D. foot
【答案】13. D 14. B 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. A
【解析】
第6页/共20页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司【导语】本文主要讲述了玛莎通过自己的努力，从不放弃，最终达成了自己的目标的故事。
【13题详解】
句意：因此，她要过上自己想要的生活从来都不容易。
hard困难的；boring无聊的；secret秘密的；easy容易的。根据“Martha was born in a poor family in the
countryside in Africa,”可知，对她来说，拥有自己想要的生活是很不容易的。故选D。
【14题详解】
句意：然而，在14岁的时候，她碰巧接受了教育。
hurried匆忙；happened碰巧；dreamed梦想；refused拒绝。根据“if she held her head high and had enough
training, she would achieve the goal (实现目标) that other people only dreamed of.”可知，此处是指她碰巧在14
岁时接受教育。固定短语happen to do sth.“碰巧做某事”。故选B。
【15题详解】
句意：她的父亲离开了家，让他的孩子们别无选择，只能辍学。
move移动；drop落下；run跑步；jump跳。根据“leaving his children with no other choices”可知，她除了辍
学别无选择。drop out of school“辍学”。故选B。
【16题详解】
句意：她找到了一种制作护发产品的方法，但她赚的钱不多。
buying买；hiding隐藏；creating创造；borrowing借。根据“a hair product but there wasn’t much money she
made. ”可知，此处是指她开发了一种护发产品。故选C。
【17题详解】
句意：幸运的是，她仅有的一点钱将大有帮助。
Luckily幸运地；Suddenly突然地；Sadly难过地；Strangely奇怪地。根据“the little money she had would go
a long way.”可知，此处是指她仅有的钱将有大帮助，这是一件很幸运的事。故选A。
【18题详解】
句意：22岁时，她毕业并在红十字会工作，她的生活变得更好。
poorer更贫穷的；healthier更健康的；worse更糟糕的；better更好的。根据“At 22, she graduated and
worked for the Red Cross and her life changed for the...”可知，她的生活变得更好了。故选D。
【19题详解】
句意：如今，玛莎是家里最成功的女性之一。
humorous幽默的；successful成功的；careful小心的；patient耐心的。根据上文的描述可知，玛莎现在是她
的家庭里最成功的女士之一。故选B。
【20题详解】
句意：她从未放弃，今天她能够昂首挺胸地走路，她告诉你，只要有教育和明确的目标，你就可以实现任
第7页/共20页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司何目标。
head头；arm胳膊；hand手；foot脚。根据“if she held her head high...”可知，此处是指昂首挺胸地走路。
故选A。
五、阅读理解（共26分, 每题2分）
阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
My favorite cartoon
I always love watching cartoons and connect myself with the cartoon heroes.
Me and My Winter Games
It shows us the wonderful adventures (冒险) of the Beijing 2022 mascots Bing Dwen
Dwen and Shuey Rhon Rhon. They play lots of winter sports with some classic cartoon heroes.
For example, they even go skiing (滑雪) with the Monkey King.
How amazing! I have learnt a lot about winter sports.
Vivo
,
The music-loving kinkajou (蜜熊) Vivo, starts the journey of a lifetime to realize his
dream. Vivo spends his days playing music in a square with his beloved owner Andrés. Though
they don’t speak the same language, they are the perfect partners (伙伴) through their common
love of music.
Clifford the Big Red Dog
Emily is an eight-year-old girl. She is friendly and helpful. She loves her dog, Clifford, the
biggest and reddest dog on her street. Though his larger-than-life size sometimes gets him into
trouble, Clifford always helps his friends in their times of need and gives them amazing and
friendly advice.
Oswald
A blue octopus (章鱼) Oswald and his dog Weenie live in Big City with all kinds of
talking animals and walking things. It’s great fun to see him roller-skate. Oswald is kind-
hearted and careful. Whenever crossing the road, he looks both ways twice. Safety first is what
I learnt from Oswald!
21. If you are interested in adventures of Bing Dwen Dwen, you can watch ________.
A. Vivo B. Clifford the Big Red DogC. Oswald D. Me and My Winter
Games
22. Oswald is careful because ________.
第8页/共20页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司A. he looks both ways when crossing the road
B. he often helps the big red dog out of trouble
C. he always goes skiing with the Monkey King
D. he plays music with Vivo in a square all day
23. What makes Vivo become the perfect partner of Andrés?
A. Going skating with Andrés. B. Speaking the same language.
C. Having a common love of music. D. Giving Andrés some good advice.
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C
【解析】
【导语】本文作者介绍最喜欢的几部卡通片。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Me and My Winter Games It shows us the wonderful adventures of the Beijing 2022 mascots
Bing Dwen Dwen and Shuey Rhon Rhon.”可知，如果你对冰墩墩的冒险感兴趣，你可以看《我和我的冬季运
动会》。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Oswald is kind-hearted and careful. Whenever crossing the road, he looks both ways twice.”
可知，奥斯瓦尔德善良又细心，每次过马路时，他都朝两边看两眼。故选A。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Vivo spends his days playing music in a square with his beloved owner Andrés. Though they
don’t speak the same language, they are the perfect partners through their common love of music.”可知，Vivo每
天都和他心爱的主人Andrés在广场上玩音乐，虽然他们说着不同的语言，但他们对音乐的共同爱好使他们
成为完美的伴侣。故选C。
B
In December 2004, as a new professional photographer, I began to work on a project about communities who
live on the sea in Southeast Asia.
I went out to sea with them regularly. On the morning of 26 December, I was due, to set out with a group of
six fishermen in a small boat. It was about 8 am, and the sea looked different. The water was totally still. I could
tell from the way the fishermen were behaving that something wasn’t right. They seemed to be discussing whether
or not we should set off, but the eldest, who operated the boat, gave the go-ahead order.
About 20 minutes later, one of the fishermen pointed to a small white spot far in the distance. It looked like a
football. It was getting bigger and bigger very quickly. We had no idea that this was a tsunami wave speeding
through the ocean like a tornado（龙卷风）.
第9页/共20页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司With a big wave, you would usually try to get as far out as possible into the open sea. The deeper the water,
the weaker the wave. But we weren’t far enough out to be safe, nor close enough to the shore to make it back
before the wave would hit the land. We were trapped.
When I realized that the fishermen, who were born on the sea, were afraid, I began to feel really scared. At
some point the elder took control. No one panicked or screamed. The captain told the six of us where to sit, so we
would balance out the boat.
I was sitting on one of the benches in the middle, with my back facing the five-to-seven-meter-high wave. I
took hold of my seat firmly, closed my eyes and said goodbye to the world, my family and friends, in my mind.
Suddenly there was a huge noise and a sudden movement. The wave had hit the boat, but in the very second of
impact, the incredibly skilled captain got it right. He managed to sail up and on to the wave. Then the boat glided
（滑动）from the tip of the wave down behind it, into safe waters. He had saved us all.
Surviving gave me a deep understanding of how short life can be. I’ve been going back to southeast Asia
almost every year to thank the people who saved my life.
24. Before setting out to the sea, the author and the fishermen ___________.
A. talked about the route B. felt something unusual
C. predicted a coming tsunami D. made insufficient preparations
25. What can we learn about the author from the story?
A. It was his first time to explore the sea.
B. He felt scared because of his inexperience.
C. He thought he would die from the tsunami.
D. He was confident that all on board would survive.
26. Which of the following words can best describe the captain?
A. Kind and determined. B. Smart and generous.
C. Calm and skillful. D. Brave and honest.
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者作为一名摄影师在拍摄一个关于东南亚海上社区的项目时，和渔民们遇上海
啸，最后脱险的惊险故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据“ I could tell from the way the fishermen were behaving that something wasn’t right. They
seemed to be discussing whether or not we should set off, but the eldest, who operated the boat, gave the go-ahead
order.”可知，从渔民们的行为举止，作者可以看出有些事情不对劲，由此可知在出发前作者和渔民们感觉
第10页/共20页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司到一些不寻常的事，故选B。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据“ I took hold of my seat firmly, closed my eyes and said goodbye to the world, my family and
friends, in my mind.”可知，作者以为自己要死了，闭上眼睛跟这个世界和家人告别，故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据“The captain told the six of us where to sit, so we would balance out the boat.”及“the
incredibly skilled captain got it right. He managed to sail up and on to the wave. Then the boat glided（滑动）
from the tip of the wave down behind it, into safe waters. He had saved us all.”可知，船长在面临危险的情况，
临危不惧，告诉船上的人坐在不同的位置来保持船的平衡，最后在他娴熟的技术下，船上的人的救了，所
以可以用“冷静的和熟练的”来形容他，故选C。
C
Absence of evidence is not the same thing as evidence of absence. But if you try to find the difference and
keep failing to get it, you can be forgiven. And so it is with the complicated subject of explicit(明确的) grammar
teaching in schools, and its link with improved writing ability.
A recent study, like nearly all previous studies on this subject, found that teaching kids how to label(标注) the
bits and pieces in a sentence does not make them better writers. Other observers may begin to wonder whether the
National Curriculum, which since 2014 has made grammar such a central part of its English program, might have
gone down a blind alley.
The promoter of the curriculum, a former secretary of education, Michael Gove, insisted on the insertion of
personal preference into the grammar curriculum, notably the subjunctive form, “If I were”. Mention of his name
alone wrinkles many teachers’noses—partly because some of them were hardly prepared to teach the new material
themselves after decades in which grammar was largely absent from classrooms.
In reflection, it seems unsurprising that learning to underline a modal verb, such as “can”, “should” and
“may”, does little to help students use them effectively in their own writing. These words are anyway grasped by
tiny children without the need to know what they are called. This may lead to the conclusion that the teaching of
grammar should be shelved(搁置) altogether. However, it shouldn’t be abandoned, though it should be reformed.
There are practical reasons for teaching and learning grammar. One is that an explicit knowledge of it will
make learning a foreign language easier. If you did intuit(直觉上知道) how to make subordinate clauses in your
mother tongue, getting to grasp them in a foreign language in later years is simpler if you know how to define and
spot them.
For grammarians keen on the jobs of the future, the field of natural language processing is booming.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司Technological talents have invented programs for automated translation, speech recognition and other services that
are actually usable, even if far from perfect. These tools may rely more on knowledge of AI than of grammar, but
grammar still matters.
Grammar could still be taught better. One small study showed improvement in some students when concepts
were linked concretely to writing tasks. Therefore, the science of how words combine to make meaning is
fascinating as well as fundamental.
27. What do many teachers think of Michael Gove’s idea?
A. They are in support of his claim.
B. They show disagreement with his idea.
C. They have no comments on his philosophy.
D. They are prepared to teach the new materials.
28. What can we learn from this passage?
A. Mother tongue grammar contributes to foreign language learning.
B. Grammar is taught better in writing than in other areas of teaching.
C. Natural language processing is strongly supported by grammarians.
D. Grammar knowledge is no longer needed with the development of AI.
29. What can be the best title of the passage?
.
A Grammar—To Teach or Not to Teach
B. How Could Grammar Be Taught Better
C. Why Learn Foreign Language Grammar
D. Mother Tongue Grammar—Important or Not
【答案】27. B 28. A 29. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了现如今语法教学面临的情况和学习语法的优势，最后指出：语法教学
不应该被抛弃，而是被改革。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Michael Gove, insisted on the insertion of personal preference into the grammar
curriculum；Mention of his name alone wrinkles many teachers’ noses...which grammar was largely absent from
classrooms.”可知，老师对Michael Gove嗤之以鼻，且语法课已经数十年没有出现在课堂上，几乎对教授语
法没有准备，因此是反对Michael Gove。故选B。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据“One is that an explicit knowledge of it will make learning a foreign language easier. If you
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司did intuit(直觉上知道) how to make subordinate clauses in your mother tongue, getting to grasp them in a foreign
language in later years is simpler if you know how to define and spot them”可知，母语语法对外语学习是有帮助
的。故选A。
【29题详解】
最佳标题题。根据“found that teaching kids how to label(标注)...does not make them better writers；Other
observers may...might have gone down a blind alley；it seems unsurprising...‘can’, ‘should’ and ‘may’...in their
own writing. These words are anyway grasped by tiny children without the need to know what they are called. This
may lead to the conclusion that the teaching of grammar should be shelved(搁置) altogether. However, it shouldn’t
be abandoned”可知，教会孩子在句子里做标注不能让孩子成为好的作家；一些观察者怀疑很多教授英语语
法的英语国家已经陷入死胡同；很多小孩虽然不知道“can”，“should”和“may”是情态动词，但并不影响
他们使用，为此引出了抛弃语法教学的观点，但是作者表示反对，认为语法教学需要的是改革，而不是被
抛弃，因此“语法——教或不教”符合最佳标题。故选A。
D
If you’re reaching for the last piece of pizza at a party, and meanwhile see another hand going for it, your next
move probably depends on how you feel and whom the hand belongs to. Your little sister—you might just grab the
pizza. Your boss—you probably will give up. But if you’re hungry and feeling particularly confident, you might go
for it.
Now researchers have made progress in understanding how mammals’ brain encodes social rank and uses this
information to shape behaviours—such as whether to fight for that last pizza slice. They discovered that an area of
the brain called the medial prefrontal cortex(mPFC) was responsible for representing social rank in mammals;
changes to a mouse’s mPFC affect its dominance(支配) behaviour. But it was unknown how the mPFC represented
this information and which neurons(神经元) were involved in changing dominance behaviour.
In the new study, Professor Kay Tye let groups of four mice share a cage, allowing a social hierarchy(等级) to
naturally develop—some mice became more dominant and others more subordinate(从属的). As soon as the mice
were paired up, he discovered, the activity of their mPFC neurons could predict—with 90 percent certainty—the
rank of their opponent.
“We expected animals might only signal rank when they are in a competition,” says co-researcher Nancy. “But
it turns out animals walk around with this representation of social rank all the time.”
When the researchers next asked whether the activity of the mPFC neurons was associated with behavior, they
found something surprising. The brain activity patterns were linked with slight changes in behavior, such as how
fast a mouse moved, and they also could predict—a full 30 seconds before the competition started— which mouse
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司would win the food reward.
,
The winner was not always the more dominant but the one engaged in a “winning mindset”. Just as you
might sometimes be in a more competitive mood and be more likely to snatch that pizza slice before your boss, a
subordinate mouse might be in a more “winning mindset” than a more dominant mouse and end up winning.
The areas of the mPFC associated with social rank and “winning mindset” are next to one another and highly
connected. Signals on social rank impact the state of the brain involved in “winning mindset”. In other words, a
subordinate mouse’s confidence and “winning mindset” may partially decrease when faced with a dominant one.
“This is further evidence to suggest that we are in different brain states when we are with others compared to
when we’re alone,”says Tye. “Regardless of who you’re with, if you’re aware of other people around you, your
brain is using different neurons.”
30. The author writes Paragraph 1 in order to ___________.
A. tell an interesting story B. present a typical example
C. introduce a major topic D. provide a convincing proof
31. What does the underlined word “ they” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A. The mPFC neurons. B. The researchers.
C. The brain activity patterns. D. The changes in behaviour.
32. What can we learn from the new study?
A. mPFC neurons change dominance behavior.
B. Brain activities can influence social hierarchy.
C. Dominant opponents make “winning mindset” better.
D. Social rank and “winning mindset” affect behavior.
33. What can we infer from the passage?
A. A subordinate mouse can never be a winner. B. When alone, we are more confident.
C. Social rank guides competitive behavior. D. “Winning mindset” establishes dominance.
【答案】30. C 31. A 32. D 33. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究人员对前额叶内侧皮质（mPFC）进行了研究，发现mPFC能预测对手
等级，改变并且支配自己的行为，从而发现一个结论：拥有“胜利心态（Winning mindset）”的人比统治
者更容易获胜。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“If you’re reaching for the last piece of pizza at a party... whom the hand belongs to；
But if you’re hungry and feeling particularly confident, you might go for it”和第二段“Now researchers...such as
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司whether to fight for that last pizza slice；They discovered... cortex(mPFC) ”可知，作者描写第一段拿披萨的场
景是为了引出话题——mPFC对社会等级，塑造行为方面的影响，因此C选项“介绍一个主要话题”符合
题意。故选C。
【31题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“the activity of their mPFC neurons could predict...opponent；When the researchers next
asked whether the activity of the mPFC neurons was associated with behavior；and they also could predict —a full
30 seconds...reward.”可知，研究人员已经发现了mPFC可以预测出对手的等级，从而想进一步了解mPFC
神经元与行为的关系，之后还发现mPFC也能预测出哪只老鼠会获得食物，因此“they”指代mPFC。故选
A。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Signals on social rank impact the state of the brain involved in “winning mindset”. In other
words, a subordinate mouse’s confidence and “winning mindset” may partially decrease when faced with a
dominant one.”可知，当从属老鼠面对主导老鼠时，自信心和“获胜心态”可能会下降，也就是说当对方的
级别比你高时，你的“获胜心态”可能会大打折扣，即社会等级和“获胜心态”会影响行为。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据“The winner was not always the more dominant, but the one engaged in a “winning mindset；
a subordinate mouse might be in a more ‘winning mindset’ than a more dominant mouse and end up winning”可知，
胜利者并不总是更具主导地位的，而是拥有“获胜心态”的人。一只拥有“获胜心态”的从属老鼠可能会
战胜级别更高的老鼠，因此是“获胜心态”建立主导优势。故选D。
六、阅读表达（共10分, 每题2分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
So, it’s test time again. Have you done enough work to get good scores? Sleeping with the textbook under the
pillow doesn’t work.
The best way is to space your practice out, not to put it all together. Just as a scientist called Tom Stafford
advises, if you organize (组织) five hours of study into one hour a day, you will remember more than if you study
for five hours on one day.
Don’t depend on memory alone. Get pens and paper and start working! By testing themselves earlier, students
will be better at getting back the knowledge (知识) from the memory and keep it in the long run. John Dunlosky, a
researcher in the US, suggests that “you start by reading a textbook with your favorite pens and colors, and then
write down the important ideas on small cards. While doing so, you try to test yourselves on them in fact.”
Going over what you have learned carefully should give you confidence, but if you are still worried, it’s not
harmful to follow some special customs (习俗). For example, it seems to be a tradition for Japanese students to eat
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司Katsudon before a test. This is a bowl of rice with egg and meat pieces. The name of the dish makes people think of
the word “katsu”, meaning “winning”. For some students in South Korea, the key to success is not washing their
hair before a test, because they believe they could wash all the knowledge out of their heads.
The bottom line is that you need to study, eat a good meal, sleep well at night before the test, and believe that
what you have tried to do will bring you success. Good luck in your test!
34. Does sleeping with the textbook under the pillow help to get good scores?
________________________________________________________.
35. What is the best way to get good scores according to the passage?
________________________________________________________.
36. How will students be better at getting back the knowledge from the memory?
________________________________________________________.
37. Who eats Katsudon before a test as a tradition?
_______________________________________________________.
38. What will you do if you want to get good scores?
_______________________________________________________.
【答案】34. No, it doesn’t
35. The best way is to space your practice out, not to put it all together
36. By using paper and pen
37. Japanese students
38. I should study hard and eat well, sleep well in the night before the exam, and believe that everything I do will
bring me success
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了学生们考试前应该做的准备，以及世界上一些地区考试前的特殊习俗等相关信息，
【34题详解】
根据“Sleeping with the textbook under the pillow doesn’t work.”（把课本放在枕头下睡觉是没有用的。）可
知，这样做是没用的，所以作否定回答。故填No, it doesn’t。
【35题详解】
根据“The best way is to space your practice out, not to put it all together.”可知，最好的方法是将练习分开，而
不是将它们放在一起。故填The best way is to space your practice out, not to put it all together。
【36题详解】
根据“Don’t depend on memory alone. Get pens and paper and start working! By testing themselves earlier,
students will be better at getting back the knowledge (知识) from the memory and keep it in the long run.”可知，
学生可以通过用纸笔更好地从记忆中获取知识。故填By using paper and pen。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司【37题详解】
根据“it seems to be a tradition for Japanese students to eat Katsudon before a test.”可知，对于日本学生来说在
考试前吃Katsudon是一个传统。故填Japanese students。
【38题详解】
根据“The bottom line is that you need to study, eat a good meal, sleep well at night before the test, and believe
that what you have tried to do will bring you success. Good luck in your test!”可知，如果想取得好成绩就要好好
学习并且好好吃饭，在考试前晚上睡好觉，并相信所做的一切会给带来成功。故填I should study hard and
eat well, sleep well in the night before the exam, and believe that everything I do will bring me success。
七、词汇运用（共10分, 每题1分）
用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
39. I find it very hard to stay ___________（wake）in the afternoon.
【答案】awake
【解析】
【详解】句意：我发现下午很难保持清醒。stay awake“保持清醒”，形容词作表语，故填awake。
40. The storm ________（blow）fiercely last night.
【答案】blew
【解析】
【详解】句意：昨晚，暴风吹得很猛。根据“last night”可知，时态为一般过去时，所以将动词变为过去式
blew。故填blew。
41. He was so ___________ (drink) that he could not even stand.
【答案】drunk
【解析】
【详解】句意：他酩酊大醉，以至于连站都站不起来了。drunk“酒醉的”，形容词作表语。故填drunk。
42. A great number of students want to go abroad for ________（far）study.
【答案】further
【解析】
【详解】句意：许多学生想去国外进修学习。分析句子可知，去国外进行深造，所以应是“far”的比较级，
表示意义上的深远，应是further。故填further。
43. We saw a lot of ___________（goose）swimming in the lake.
【答案】geese
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们看见很多鹅在湖里游泳。a lot of后接名词复数或不可数名词，goose的复数为geese。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司故填geese。
44. Joe sent me an ___________（invite）to his party.
【答案】invitation
【解析】
【详解】句意：乔邀请我参加他的聚会。根据an可知，此空应填名词单数形式，invite的名词是
invitation“邀请”，故填invitation。
45. ___________（like）his short father, Mike is tall and thin.
【答案】Unlike
【解析】
【详解】句意：不像他矮个子的父亲，迈克又高又瘦。根据“his short father, Mike is tall and thin”可知，他
父亲个子矮，而Mike又高又瘦，所以他并不像他父亲，unlike“不像”，为介词，故填Unlike。
46. Do you mind ___________（offer）your help when someone is in trouble?
【答案】offering
【解析】
【详解】句意：当别人有困难时，你介意伸出援手吗？mind doing sth“介意做某事”，动名词作宾语，故
填offering。
47. It is ___________（polite）to ask about other people’s income.
【答案】impolite
【解析】
【详解】句意：询问别人的收入是不礼貌的。is后接形容词作表语，根据“ask about other people’s income”
及常识可知，询问别人的收入是不礼貌的，impolite“不礼貌的”，故填impolite。
48. Are you ___________（please）with your new flat?
【答案】pleased
【解析】
【详解】句意：你对你的新公寓满意吗？be pleased with“对……满意”，故填pleased。
八、书面表达（共10分）
从下面两个题目中任选一题, 根据中文和英文提示, 完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出的内容
不计入总数。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
题目①
49. 北京是一座蕴含着丰富文化的城市，这里的建筑、戏曲、美食、服饰、手工艺品等，都有文化的
印记。
假如你是李华，你校英语社团正在开展线上国际交流活动，其公众号计划做关于北京文化的系列推送，
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司现就 “Cultural Symbols of Beijing(北京文化标志)”这一话题在校内收集素材。请你用英语给公众号留言，推
荐一个你眼中的北京文化标志，对其作简要介绍，并说明推荐理由。
提示词语：show, traditional, love, treasure, important
提示问题：In your opinion, what’s the cultural symbol of Beijing?
Please describe it.
Why do you think it can be a symbol?
I’m Li Hua, from Class I, Grade 9.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
I hope my idea can be taken. Thanks!
【答案】例文
I’m Li Hua. from Class I, Grade 9. I believe that Jingju is a cultural symbol of Beijing. Jingju tells time-
honored stories through singing and movements, showing us what life was like in the past. The performers are in
beautiful clothes and with colorful faces.
Jingju is a traditional art form loved by people of all ages. Besides, as a national treasure, it plays an important
role in Chinese culture. That’s why I think Jingju can be a cultural symbol of Beijing.
I hope my idea can be taken. Thanks!
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】1.题目解读：本文是一篇材料作文，要求介绍北京文化标志，根据提示介绍什么是北京的文化标
志，并叙述原因。注意理由合理，内容符合客观事实。
2.写作指导：本文采用第一人称书写，时态是一般现在时。可使用宾语从句和非谓语动词，为文章增色，
上下文多使用连词或副词，使行文流畅。
题目②
50. 现实中，大到自然环境和社会环境，小到个人生活和学习，变化无处不在，面对变化，唯有积极
适应，才能有所进步和收获。
某英文网站正在开展以“适应变化”为主题的征文活动，假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈
谈你生活中的一个变化，你是如何应对这个变化的,以及有什么收获。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司提示词语：help, enjoy, new, challenge, take action
提示问题：What is the change that happened in your life?
How did you deal with it?
What have you learned from the experience?
.
There are many changes in a person’s life
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
There are many changes in a person’s life. When I entered middle school, I felt lonely. I missed my old
friends, but I knew I had to fit in. I offered help to my class, joined in the after-school activities and invited my
classmates to my birthday party. Gradually, I made some friends and enjoyed the company of my new classmates.
From this experience, I get to know change brings challenges as well as opportunities. When change comes,
we should face it and take action.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】1. 题干解读：题目要求根据提示词语和问题，写出自己在生活中的一个变化，以及如何应对这个
变化，有什么收获等，可以适当的发挥，写作时要运用正确的英语表达，要选用恰当的词汇和短语。
2. 写作指导：写作时要与已给出的开头融合起来，用第一人称和其他人称相结合来写作，时态以一般过去
时和一般现在时为主，要做到要点齐全，无单词拼写和语法错误。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司
