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北师大版 选择性必修第三册 Unit 9 Human biology
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．phenomenon n．现象
2．lung n．肺
3．atom n．原子
4．camel n．骆驼
5．cattle n．牛
6．goat n．山羊
7．gene n．基因
8．ape n．猿
9．inferior adj.低级别的，下级的；差的，次的
10．bacteria n．细菌
11．zone n．地区，地带
12．artificially adv.人为地，人工地
13．clue n．线索，提示
14．arbitrary adj.任意的
15．intake n．摄入量，摄取量
16．embryo n．胚；胚胎；萌芽时期
17．hatch vt.& vi.孵出；孵化
18．ethical adj.伦理的；合乎道德的
19．organ n．器官20．curse n．祸端，祸根；诅咒；咒语
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．twin n．双胞胎中的一个
2．forever adv.永远；长久地
3．mere adj.仅仅，只不过
4．breakthrough n．突破，重大进展
5．bother vt.打扰 vi.操心 n．烦扰
6．trial n．试验；审判，审理
7．symptom n．症状；征兆，征候
8．crucial adj.至关重要的，关键性的
9．bound adj.很有可能，肯定会
10．private adj.私有的，自用的；私营的，民营的
11．infer vt.(inferred；inferred)推断，推定
12．widespread adj.分布广的，广泛流传的
13．outbreak n．(战争或疾病)爆发，突然发生
14．underline vt.强调，使突出；在……之下画线
15．clone vt.克隆，使无性繁殖 n．克隆动物或植物，无性繁殖的个体
16．pose vt.造成，引起，产生(问题、危险、困难等) n．(为画像、拍照等而摆的)姿势，姿
态
17．scan vt.(scanned；scanned)细看；浏览；扫描检查(物体或身体部位等)；(机器或计算机
程序)扫描
18．abuse vt.滥用，妄用；虐待 n．滥用；虐待
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．wholly adv.完全地→whole adj.完整的；全部的
2．differ vi.不同；相异→different adj.不同的→difference n．不同；差异
3．estimate vt.& n．估计，估算→estimation n．估计；估算；判断
4．capable adj.有能力的；有才干的→capability n．(完成困难事情的)能力，才能
→incapable adj.无能力的；不能胜任的
5．calculate vt.计算，核算→calculation n．计算→calculator n．计算器
6．edit vi.& vt.编辑，编校；剪辑，剪接→editor n．编辑；主编→edition n．版(本)
7．innovate vi.& vt.革新，创新，改革→innovation n．创新；改革
8．compare vt.& vi.比较，相比，比作 n．比较→comparison n．比较
9．contain vt.包含，容纳；控制→container n．容器；集装箱
10．regulation n．规则；规章；法规→regulate vt.调节；管理
11．identical adj.完全相同的，同一的→identity n．身份；同一性；一致12．classify vt.将……分类；把……归入一类→classification n．归类，分类，分级
13．accumulate vi.(数量)逐渐增加 vt.积攒→accumulation n．积累，堆积；堆积物，堆积量
14．object vi.反对；不赞成 n．物体；对象→objection n．不赞成；反对；异议→objective
adj.客观的；无偏见的 n．目标
15．oppose vt.反对；反抗→opposed adj.反对的；对立的→opposition n．反对
16．blessing n．福气，幸运→bless v．祝福；使有幸……→blessed adj.神圣的；幸福的
17．treat vt.治疗；对待→treatment n．治疗；疗法；对待方式
18．bury vt.埋葬，安葬；埋藏→burial n．埋葬，葬礼
19．physicist n．物理学家→physical adj.身体的；物质的；物理(学)的；根据自然规律的
→physically adv.肉体地，身体上地；依据自然规律，根本上
1．provoke vt.激起，引起
2．primate n．灵长目动物
3．betterment n．(个人社会和经济地位的)改良，改善，提高
4．reproductive adj.繁殖的，生殖的
5．constitution n．体质；身体素质；宪法；章程
6．impulse n．(神经)冲动；(电)脉冲
7．corresponding adj.相应的；对应的
8．skyrocket v．激增；猛涨
9．commercialize v．使商业化；利用……牟利
10．compulsory adj.必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．die of死于……
2．suffer from遭受……
3．be bound to必定
4．according to根据
5．a form of...一种……形式
6．have the potential to do sth有潜能做某事
7．a number of许多，大量的
8．be devoted to致力于……
9．be buried in埋头于/专心于……
10．apply to适用于；应用于
11．identify...as...确认……是……12．differ from sb/sth in...在……方面与某人/某物不同
13．suspect sb of (doing) sth 怀疑某人(做)某事；怀疑某人有罪
14．get through用完，耗尽；接通；(设法)处理；完成；度过，熬过
15．depend on/upon 取决于
16．carry out履行；执行
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．that 引导表语从句
The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die，but others will
survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.
其优点是如果出现某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉，而另一些却能存活下来，
并把抵抗这种疾病的能力传给下一代。
2．过去分词短语作定语
The first successfully cloned animal was a sheep named Dolly in 1996，which got a lot of
attention.
第一个成功克隆的动物是1996年一只名叫多莉的绵羊，这引起了很多关注。
3．while引导让步状语从句
While some people believe it is crucial for scientific advancement，others raise moral concerns.
虽然有些人认为这对科学进步至关重要，但另一些人提出了道德上的担忧。
4．insist that...
Researchers insist that the science of cloning should be further explored and advanced.
研究人员坚持认为克隆科学应该被进一步探索和发展。
5．形容词短语作状语
Enthusiastic about the research of cloning technology，he often goes to the library to browse
books on this topic.
热衷于克隆技术的研究，他经常去图书馆翻阅这方面的书籍。
Natural cloning has taken place for generations.An example of this is identical twins.A
sheep 1.____________(call) Dolly was the first mammal to be cloned 2.____________(success) in
1996.Since Dolly，more than 20 mammal species 3.______________(clone) including camels，
cattle and goats.In 2018 ， China 4.____________(announce) that two monkeys had been
cloned.In comparison 5.____________ other species，scientists had to work hard to break the
technical barrier to get primates with edited genes.Scientists say that this major breakthrough
offers the potential 6.____________(create) monkeys with identical genes,7.____________ gives
more accurate research results and perhaps leads to 8.____________(effect) treatments for
various diseases.While scientists insist 9.____________ is crucial to continue the research，
others raise moral concerns and worry that the technology might 10.____________(abuse) by
some organizations.differ vi.不同；相异；意见相左(difference n．不同之处 different adj.不同的)
•differ from＝be different from与……不同
•make a difference to对……起作用/产生影响
make no difference to对……不起作用，没有影响
(1)美式英语和英式英语在许多细微之处都有差异，但这些差异对沟通没有影响。(话题写作
之语言学习)
American and British English ___________________________________ each other in many small
ways，but the differences ____________________________________ communication.
(2)科技的发展对我们的生活产生了极大的影响。
The development of science and technology ____________________________________ our life.
oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量(opposed adj.反对的；对立的 opposition n．反对；
对手；竞争者)
•oppose (doing) sth 反对(做)某事
oppose sb/sb’s doing sth 反对某人做某事
•be opposed to (doing) sth 反对(做)某事
(1)The mayor is strongly opposed to ____________(build) new greenhouses，which may cost a lot
of money.
(2)Many educators strongly oppose ____________(protect) children too much.
(3)虽然许多人反对克隆技术，但另外一些人认为这是保护濒危物种的一种有效方式。
__________________________，others believe that it can be an effective way of protecting
endangered species.
treatment n．诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式(treat n．招待；款待 v．对待；款待；请
客；治疗)
·under treatment在治疗中
·treat sb as...把某人看作……
treat sb to sth 招待某人吃……
treat sb with...以……方式对待某人
(1)The host ____________ his guests warmly and treated them ____________ a big dinner.The
guests were quite satisfied with the ____________ because they __________ well ____________there.(用treat的适当形式或适当的词填空)
(2)The physician treated the patient ____________ drugs before the operation.
(3)在这项生物学研究上取得突破后，他被同事们视为英雄。
After making a breakthrough in this biological research，____________________________.
bury vt.埋葬，安葬；埋藏；隐藏；使沉浸；使专心(burial n．埋葬，葬礼)
bury...in...把……埋到……里
bury one’s face in one’s hands双手掩面
be buried in＝bury oneself in埋头于；专心于；沉浸于
(1)这个女孩坐在那里，双手捂着脸。
The girl was sitting there，___________________________________________________.
(2)由于埋头于研究，这位生物学家对外界一无所知。
___________________________________，the biologist knew nothing about the outside world.
形容词短语作状语 Enthusiastic about the research of cloning technology，he often
goes to the library to browse books on this topic.热衷于克隆技术的研究，他经常去图书馆翻
阅这方面的书籍。
形容词(短语)作状语：
•说明谓语动词表示的动作发生时，主语所处的状态。
•表示行为方式、伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等。
(1)____________(concern) about the environmental problem of our country ， the authority
encourages the companies to make use of solar energy.
(2)____________(scare) of the fierce wolf，the child froze on the spot，unable to utter a word.(读
后续写之恐惧心理描写)
(3)很高兴得知你对中国画感兴趣，我写信真诚地邀请你参观我们学校正在举行的展览。(应
用文写作之邀请信)
____________________________，I am writing to sincerely invite you to visit the exhibition
being hosted in our school.
Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．bother
(1)Sorry to bother you，but the manager is on the line.________
(2)—Shall I order a taxi for Sarah to go to the airport tonight?—Don’t bother.I’ll drive her there.(2020·天津)________
(3)Don’t be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you.(2020·新课标
Ⅱ)________
2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)Despite，or perhaps because of，the epidemics the world has faced in recent years ，
governments worldwide have underlined the fact...________
(2)She is not the only expert to issue a warning about the threat posed by solar storms.________
(3)It’s obvious that his mere presence made all the workers feel afraid.________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．Almost drowned，the seaman is now ____________ treatment in a local hospital.
2．The successful experiment has led to worldwide praise as ____________ huge breakthrough
that might lead to cures for various diseases.
3．When he heard the news that the two long-tailed monkeys were successfully rescued，he could
hardly contain ____________(he)．
4．In ____________(compare) with other species，cloning primates has proved to be “much
harder”，and doing so with non-reproductive cells was even more complicated.
5．The advantage of this kind of robot is __________ it can provide some assistance in new plant
species and medical research on animals.
6．Before birth，babies can tell the ____________(differ) between loud sounds and voices.
7．Many students and parents oppose ____________(separate) students into science and art
students.
8．They wonder whether clones should ____________(treat) as objects or as individuals with their
own identity.
9．With the development of science and technology，drones have been applied ____________
many fields in the world.
10．The arguments ____________(cause) by AI had a great impact on the media and public
imagination.
11．________________________ some people believe it is a major breakthrough in scientific
development，others raise moral concerns.
假设你是李华，最近你班就“人类是否应该开展克隆研究”进行了讨论，请根据讨论结
果，给某英文报社的记者写一封信报道此事。
完成句子
1．最近，我们班讨论了是否应该进行克隆研究。(clone；carry out)_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
2．一些学生认为克隆的好处是有助于拯救濒危动物。(that 引导的表语从句)
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
3．更重要的是，如果我们掌握了克隆的知识，我们就有潜力生产出用于移植手术的器官。
(have the potential to do；organ)
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
4．然而，有一些学生强烈反对。(be opposed to)
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
5．虽然克隆可以提高生活质量，但它可能会带来一些伦理问题，并产生一些不良的身体影
响。(while引导让步状语从句)
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
6．就我个人而言，政府应该谨慎对待克隆，并密切监测，因为我们对克隆未来会对世界产
生什么影响还不够了解。(treat)
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
语料积累 情感细节描写：失望与遗憾
disappoint v．使失望→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointed adj.失望的
→disappointment n．失望；扫兴；令人失望的人/事 regret v．后悔，对……
单词
感到遗憾/抱歉 n．遗憾，失望→regretful adj.后悔的；失望的 sorry adj.遗憾
的feel extremely disappointed感到失望极了 weep bitter tears of disappointment失
望地痛哭流涕
hide one’s disappointment掩饰某人的失望
a look of disappointment/loneliness flashed across/spread over one’s face某人脸
上露出失望/孤独的表情
词块
be overcome/consumed with disappointment＝be overwhelmed by disappointment
非常失望
to one’s disappointment令某人失望的是 a ripple of regret welled up inside sb
某人心中泛起了一阵遗憾的涟漪 tears of regret run/stream down one’s cheeks
后悔的眼泪顺着某人的脸颊流下来
1.Overcome with bitter disappointment at his failing to win a prize，he locked
himself up in his room.
(分词作状语)他对未能获奖感到极度失望，于是把自己锁在房间里。
2.His heart sank when he heard the news that he failed to win a prize.当得知没有
获奖时，他的心一沉。
3.The news that he didn’t win a prize immediately threw him into low spirits.
句型 他没有获奖的消息立刻使他精神不振。
4.Seeing the disappointing result，he was extremely disappointed，tears of regret
running/streaming down his cheeks.(独立主格结构)看到令人失望的结果，他
非常失望，遗憾的眼泪顺着脸颊流下来。
5.It was at that moment that a ripple of regret welled up inside me.How I
wished I hadn’t said those words！(强调句式，无灵主语句)
就在那时，我的心中泛起了一阵遗憾的涟漪。我真希望我没有说那些话！
语料运用 Edith is keen on science and invention.When she heard there was going to be a
competition about invention and innovation，she ①_________________________.Edith spared
no effort to prepare for it and she was sure ②___________________________.However，during
the competition ， when Edith slowly turned on the machine ， it didn’t work as
expected.③_____________________________ at her failing to invent the machine.When she
looked around，④___________________________(动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语)．Lowering her
head，she was extremely frustrated，⑤______________________________(独立主格)．She
was about to leave when a judge approached her and
⑥_______________________________，“Don’t lose heart，honey.Failure is the mother of
success.Bear in mind that ⑦____________________________(定语从句)．”
伊迪丝热衷于科学和发明。当她听说有一个关于发明和创新的比赛时，她毫不犹豫地报名参
加了。伊迪丝不遗余力地准备，她相信每个人都会对她的发明感到惊讶。然而，在比赛中，
当伊迪丝慢慢地打开机器时，它并没有像预期的那样工作。由于没能成功发明这台机器，她感到极度失望。当她环顾四周时，她发现一些评委的脸上掠过失望的表情。她低下头，沮丧
极了，心中泛起一阵遗憾的涟漪。她正要离开时，一位评委走过来，用温柔的声音安慰她：
“亲爱的，别灰心。失败是成功之母。记住，成功属于那些永不放弃的人。”
语境 33
填词语境词汇串记
1．called 2.successfully 3.have been cloned 4.announced 5.with 6.to create 7.which
8.effective 9.it 10.be abused
核心考点突破
1．(1)differ from/are different from；make no difference to (2)makes a great difference to
2．(1)building (2)protecting (3)While/Although/Though many people oppose/are opposed to
clone technology
3．(1)treated；to；treatment；were；treated (2)with
(3)he was treated as a hero by his fellow workers
4．(1)burying her face in her hands (2)Burying himself in his research/Buried in his research
5．(1)Concerned (2)Scared (3)Glad/Delighted to know that you are interested in Chinese
paintings
巩固基础知识达标
Ⅰ.1.(1)C (2)A (3)B
2．(1)强调 (2)造成，引起 (3)只凭……就足以
Ⅱ.1.under 2.a 3.himself 4.comparison 5.that 6.difference 7.separating 8.be treated
9.to 10.caused 11.While/Although/Though
主题写作提能
应用文增分练
参考范文
Dear Editor，
Recently our class has had a discussion about whether the clone research should be carried
out.
Some students think the advantage is that cloning is helpful in detecting the cures for many
diseases，which is also useful in saving the endangered animals.More importantly，if we have a
good command of the knowledge of cloning，we will have the potential to produce organs for
transplant surgeries.Nevertheless，there are some students who are strongly opposed to it.While
cloning would improve the quality of life，it might bring about some ethical issues and have somebad physical effects.
Personally ， cloning should be treated with caution and monitored closely by the
government，because we do not understand enough what effects cloning will have on the world in
the future.
Yours，
Li Hua
续写积累提能练
语料运用
①signed up for it without hesitation ②everyone would be amazed at her invention ③She was
overcome with bitter disappointment ④ she found a look of disappointment flashing
across/spreading over some of the judges’ faces ⑤ a ripple of regret welling up inside her
⑥comforted her in a gentle voice ⑦success belongs to those who never give up
