1
第12 讲 Unit 6 语法篇
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
总结和理解if 条件状语从句。
Grammar: If 从句 (2)
一、引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if，常见的if 条件状语从句表示在某条件
下，某事很可能发生。
e.g. If you ask him, he will help you．
如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。
If he does not work hard, he will fail his exams．
如果他不努力，考试就要不及格了。
二、If 从句的时态
1. if 从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。
e.g. If he runs, he’ll get there in time.
如果他跑着去，他就会及时赶到那儿。
2. if 从句用一般现在时，主句用情态动词+动词原形。
e.g. She may come with us if she arrives in time.
如果她来得及时，就可以和我们一道去。
三、if 引导的条件状语从句位置灵活，可直接放在主句后面，也可以放在句首。放在句首
时，从句后面要用逗号和主句隔开。
e.g. I’ll go to see you if I have time.
如果有时间，我就去看你。
If it rains tomorrow, we’ll stay at home.
2
如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。
四、同义句转换
用“祈使句 ＋ and / or ＋ 一般将来时的句子”转换。
e.g. If you work hard, you’ll pass the exam easily.
→ Work hard, and you’ll pass the exam easily.
努力学习，你将很容易通过考试。
If you don’t hurry up, you’ll miss the train.
→ Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train.
快点儿，否则你就赶不上火车了。
1.Boys and girls, calm down and focus on the paper ________ you begin to think about the answers. Be
confident. You can do it!
A.as if
B.as soon as C.although
D.but
2.I was late for class yesterday ________ there was something wrong with my bike.
A.when
B.that
C.until
D.because
3.—He lost his new pen.
—_________.
A.That’s right
B.That’s a shame C.Good luck
D.All right
4.I am sure he will ________ pass the exam.
A. can
B. be able to C. able
D. could
5.If Tom _________ the game ,we will give him a surprise .
A.win
B.wins
C.won
D.winning
解析：
1.B as if“好像”；as soon as“一……就……”；although：虽然，尽管“；but“但是”。
由句意“…… 你们一开始考虑答案就要平静下来并把精力集中在试卷上……”
2..D 由前半句句意“我昨天上课迟到了”和后半句句意“我的自行车出故障了”可知，前后两部
分 在逻辑上是因果关系，故选D。
3.B That’s right.“对。”；That’s a shame.“真遗憾。”；Good luck.“祝你好远。”；All right.“好的；
可以。”由上句句意“他把新钢笔弄丢了”可知选B。
4.B 本题可用排除法来做。can 与could 不能与will 连用，排除A、D 两项；而able 是形容词，will
后接动词原形，故选B。
5.B 在含有if 引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句中，若主句为一般将来时，if 引导的条件状语从句
用一般现在时表示将来。从句的主语为Tom,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故选B。
3
基础演练
I.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. If you ___ (be) late for school, my teach er ______ (be) angry.
2. If she ____ (win) the prize, we ______ (be) happy for her.
3. If you ___ (tell) the truth, it _________ (prove) you are honest.
4. If I ________ (not eat) so much, I ______ (get) thinner.
5. If you ___ (tell) them, they ___________ (not believe) you.
6 ______ (stay) at home, if it _____ (rain).[来源:学科网ZXXK]
7. If it ___________ (not rain), I ______ (go) cycling in the open air.
8. We ________ (play) football, if it is _____ (sun) tomorrow.
9. He _________ (watch) TV, if he ___ (be) free.
10. If I ____ (play) games on this computer, it ______ (go) wrong.
II.语法专练：
1.如果明天不下雪，我们会很开心
If it ___________(not snow)tomorrow, we will feel happy.
2.如果他下周过来，我会把书给他
I’ll ______ if he ______here next week.
3.你如果抄同学的作业就不能学好各科功课。
You ____ ____ good at all the subject if you _____ the other students’ homework.
4.如果明天不下雨，我会和你一起去公园。
_______________________________________________
5. Tell him the truth, and you will show that you are honest. (同义句转换)
________________________________________________
答案：
I.1.are will be 2.wins will be 3.tells will prove 4.don’t eat will get 5.tell will not believe
6.stay rains 7.doesn’t rain will go 8.will play sunny 9.will watch is 10.play will go
II.
1.doesn’t snow 2.give the book to him comes 3 won’t be copies, if it doesn’t rain 4.i’ll go to the park
with you 5.if you tell the truth, you will show that you are honest.
巩固提高
1. Now my father __ his bike to work every day instead of driving.
A. ride B. rode
C. rides
D. will ride
2. When you _____ at a restaurant, please order just enough food.
4
A. eat
B. will eat
C. ate
D. haven eaten
3. Our geography teacher told us the Moon ____ around the Earth every 28 days.
A. move
B. moved
C. will move
D. moves
4. ---What did you do last night?
---I ___ TV and read a magazine.
A.watch
B.will watch
C.watched
D.have watched
5. Linda was just going out for shopping when the telephone ____.
A. rings
B. rang
C. is ringing
D. has rung
6. Look! So many passengers___ with their smartphones on the underground.
A. played
B. will play
C. are playing
D. have played
7 --Hey, Tom! Let’s go swimming.
--Just a moment. I _____ a message.
A.send B. sent
C. have sent
D. am sending
8. –I can’t find David. Where is he?
- He ___ for tomorrow’s test at home.
A. studies
B. is studying
C. studied
D. will study
9. ---I called you at about 3 yesterday afternoon.
--- Oh, I ___ the yard at that time.
A,was cleaning up B. will clean up
C. am cleaning up D. have cleaned up
10. Sally took a photo of her friends while they__the computer game.
A.play
B.are playing
C.have played
D.were playing
II. 根据汉语意思及括号里的英语提示翻译句子。
1. 仔细点，别跟我犯同样的错误。(make a mistake )
[来源:学科网]
Be careful. _______________________________________________________________
2. 徐刚生病了，因此他不得不放弃计划。(give up)
________________________________________________________________________
3. 如果你努力工作，你就会取得进步。(make progress)
________________________________________________________________________
4. 他中午只吃了点点心，难怪这么快就饿了。(get hungry)
He only had a snack at lunchtime. ____________________________________________
5. 我不确定爸爸是否会为我送行。(whether … or not)
_______________________________________________________________________
答案：
I.CADCB ADBAD
II. 1. Don’t make the same mistake as I did.
2. Xu Gang is sick, so he has to give up the plan.
3. If you work hard, you will make progress. / You will make progress if you work hard.
4. No wonder he gets hungry so quickly. / It is no wonder that he gets hungry so quickly.
5
5. I’m not sure whether Dad will see me off or not.
I.单项选择
1. —Oh, it’s bad. The radio doesn’t work.
—Didn’t you ________ the radio before you bought it?
A. count down B. try out
C. tidy up D. point out
2. —When does the early bus start?
—You ________ it if you get up at 6:00 am.
A. catch B. catches
C. will catch D. caught
3. Jenny may go with us if she ________ her work before 5:00 pm.
A. finish B. finishes
C. will finish
D. finished
4. —Can I play games on iPad after I finish the housework, Mum?
—________ It’s against the rules at home.
A. That’s amazing! B. Have a good time!
C. No deal. D. That’s a shame.
5. I will stay in bed ________.[来源:学科网]
A. if it won’t rain tomorrow B. if it doesn’t rain tomorrow
C. if it rains tomorrow D. if it will rain tomorrow
6 You can go to work by bike instead of _________ a bus or a taxi.[来源:Z§xx§k.Com]BCBC
A. takes B. to take C. taking D. Took
7.Danny ___ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is so popular.
A. works
B. would work
C. was working D. has worked
8.We __ our new neighbours yet, so we don’t know their names.
A. don’t meet
B. won’t meet
C. haven’t met
D. hadn’t met
9. – Where is your mother?
-- She _ Australia and she _ Sydney for two weeks.
A.has been to; has been in B.has gone to; has been to
C. has been in; has been to D. has gone to; has been in
10. –The plane is leaving right now, but Jim hasn’t arrived yet.
-- Well, he said he ___ here on time.
A. would come B. can be C. will be D. is coming
II.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. The doctor warned Mr Li __________ (not work) so hard every day.
2. — Tina, would you like to visit Victoria Falls?
— No, I’ve visited it three __________ (time).
3. We __________ (not go) fishing if it __________ (rain) tomorrow.
6
4. — Do you enjoy singing? — Yes, I also enjoy __________ (act).
5. — What’s the matter, Sara? — My watch is __________ (break).
6. Gina came __________ (four) in the high jump.
III.完形填空
Many kids want to offer their help in keeping the environment healthy but don’t know where to start.
1
, even the simplest everyday activities can make a real difference to the envi ronment. Here is how:
1. Don’t litter. Litter can 2
our water and that could do harm to us and to wildlife.
2. Always recycle bottles, cans, paper and plastic. This is a good
3
to develop early on and can
really make a difference.
3. Save 4
by switching off lights and electronic devices (电子设备) when they are not being
used.
4. Talk to your parents about
5
your home’s incandescent bulbs (白炽灯) with energy-saving
bulbs.
5. Use your bike
6
walk to nearby locations rather than riding in a car. Encourage your friends
and family to
7
the same.
6. Don’t throw your old clothes and toys away. Give them to a local charity (慈善机构) or a friend
that may be able to use them.
7.
8
wasting plastic bags by bringing your own reusable cloth bags to stores.
8.
9
you see litter, pick it up.
By following these tips and using them in your everyday life, you will make the world a greener place.
It’s
10
too late to start, and what better time is there than right now?
1.A. At first
B. Above all
C. In fact
D. As a result
2.A. pollute
B. Save
C. clean
D. waste[来源:学,科,网]
3.A. interest
B. plan
C. character
D. habit
4.A. space
B. money
C. energy
D. time
5.A. selling
B. replacing
C. making
D. comparing
6.A. but
B. and
C. so
D. or
7.A. do
B. look
C. say
D. wear
8.A. Keep
B. Try
C. Enjoy
D. Avoid
9.A. Before
B. If
C. Since
D. As
10.A. still
B. Actually
C. never
D. already
答案：
I.BCBCC CDCDA
II.1.not to work 2.times 3.won’t go rains 4.acting 5.broken 6. fourth
III.CADCB DADBC
7
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
I.单项填空
1. – Jack, ____ you ride a bike? （2015 北京中考）
–Yes, I can.
A.can
B.may
C.need D.must
2. – Mum, where is Dad?（2015 北京中考）
– He ____ flowers in the garden now.
A.planted
B.plants
C.will plant D.is planting
3. My grandparents____ in that city since 2008. （2015 北京中考）
A.will live
B.live
C.have lived D.were living
4.These model cars ____ in China in 2013. （2015 北京中考）
A.are made
B.were made
C.make
D.made
5. My father __ TV in the living room when I __ home just now.（2015 外研单元基础测试）
A. watched; get
B. watched; was getting C. was watching; got D.was watching; was getting
6. My brother is an actor. He_ in several film so far.
A.appears
B.appeared
C.is appearing
D.has appeared
7. Population experts predict (预言，预测 )that most people __ in cities in the near future.
A.live
B. would live
C. will live
D. have lived
8. The coffee is wonderful ! It doesn’t taste like anything I ___ before.
A. have
B. was having
C. have ever had
D. had ever had
9. If the weather___ fine, we__bike riding this weekend.
A.is; will go
B. was; would go
C. will be; would go
D. will be; will go
10. ---Has Wendy handed in her homework?
---I’m sure. She told me that she wanted to check it again and __ it in soon.
A.will hand
B. would hand
C. has handed
D. had handed
II. 完形填空
Keeping traditions alive (继续存在) is never an easy thing. Chen Zunkai is the founder (创办者) of
Baoyuan Dumpling House. She has spent over 17 years 1 one of the most traditional Chinese foods:
dumplings.
8
Her dumplings are not the white ones simply filled with meat, 2 colourful ones using more than
150 kinds of fillings.
“What I try to do is to make dumplings have a taste of 3 ,” says Chen. “I hope every customer —
northerners or southerners, vegetarians (素食者) or non-vegetarians, Chinese people or foreigners — can
4 something familiar (熟悉的).”
Chinese dumplings are believed to be more than 2,000 years old. 5 , people in North China make
and eat dumplings at some 6
such as the Spring Festival.
For Chen, her idea came after she found that there were not many 7 for those who prefer lighter
fillings. Most vegetarian dumplings have a filling of only two kinds of ingredients ( 原料), and not one
restaurant in Beijing has more than 10 kinds of vegetarian fillings.
“I thought 8 could do better,” says Chen.
Baoyuan Dumpling House has 9
done it. Customers can find basic meat dumplings at this
restaurant, and it also 10
quite a lot of other choices with different colours and exciting taste.
1. A. shopping
B. improving
C. collecting
D. comparing
2. A. because
B. but
C. so
D. if
3. A. home
B. knowledge
C. success
D. health
4. A. smell B. hear
C. touch
D. taste
5. A. Immediately
B. Luckily
C. Traditionally
D. Finally
6. A. parties
B. meetings
C. activities
D. festivals
7. A. choices
B. symbols
C. sizes
D. chances
8. A. I
B. he
C. she
D. they
9. A. again
B. also
C. hardly
D. certainly
10. A. returns
B. offers
C. teaches
D. explains
III.阅读理解
A
Dear Ms White,
I used to have a lot of problems and I always tried to fix them. I used to do badly in English. To fix it, I
read English newspapers and went to the school English corner to improve it. Now I’m quite good at it. I
used to be weak. To fix it, I ate right and joined a sports club. Now I’m strong and healthy. I used to be
afraid of speaking in public. To fix it, I took part in all kinds of school activities. Now I’m outgoing and
everyone likes making friends with me.
But now I have a problem that I can’t fix. I have the ugliest nose in the whole world! It’s not only fat but
also big! I want to have a nose job (鼻子整形), but how can I get my parents to agree?
Yours,
Ann, 12
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
9
Dear Ann,
It sounds like you’re a really proactive (积极主动的) person, always fixing problems. That’s good, but
when it comes to things like your nose, you have to stop. It sounds to me that you’re looking for things that
are wrong with your body. That’s very dangerous. Also, I’d like to point out that nobody is perfect. A nose
doesn’t reflect who you are, so there’s no need for you to feel bad about yourself at all.
In my opinion, as a student, you should pay more attention to your schoolwork inst ead of your looks.
Best wishes,
Ms White
1. What did Ann use to do when she had a problem?
A. She cried a lot.
B. She tried to solve it.
C. She did nothing.
D. She asked others for help.
2. We can infer that Ann used to be ______.
A. shy
B. lazy
C. rude
D. silly
3. What’s Ann’s new problem?
A. Her English is bad.
B. She has few friends.
C. She often gets sick.
D. She doesn’t like her nose.
4. From the reply, we can learn that Ms White ______.
A. advises Ann not to worry about her looks
B. advises Ann to have an operation on her nose
C. thinks Ann should learn to be a perfect person
D. thinks schoolwork is less important than looks
5. In which column of a newspaper can you probably find the above reading?
A. NEWS.
B. ADVICE.
C. SCIENCE.
D. ADVERTISEMENTS.
B
A new study shows that workers should take their full vacation time. There are two reasons. First, when
workers take breaks, they are less stressed (有压力的) and happier on the job. Second, workers will
actually work harder when they come back. The study says that managers should take their full vacation
time too. That’s because if workers see their managers at work all the time, they think they are expected to
do the same.
Canadians are usually offered two to three weeks of paid vacation (带薪假期) when they start a job.
10
However, one fourth of Canadian workers don’t take their full vacation time because they are afraid of h
aving too much work to do when they get back. And most of them think they will be better workers in their
managers’ eyes by ▲ .
In the USA, the situation is even worse. Over a half of working Americans don’t use all of their vacation
time. One of the biggest reasons is that they have too much work . It’s surprising that the United States is
the only developed country in the world without a law (法规) to make employers (雇主) offer their
workers paid vacation. Some other countries, for example, Germany, Australia and Japan, make employers
offer their workers at least four weeks of paid vacation.
1. According to the new study, it’s ______ for both workers and managers to take full vacation time.
A. bad
B. easy
C. helpful
D. impossible
2. Which of the following can be put in ▲ ?[来源:学科网]
A. asking for less
B. working at home
C. taking less vacation time
D. listening to them all the time
3. Many working Americans don’t take full vacation time. What’s the main reason?
A. They love their jobs a lot.
B. There’s too much work to do.
C. They want to make more money.
D. Their managers are always working.
4. Alice, a Canadian, has got a job in Germany. The job should include at least ______ paid vacation.
A. four weeks’ B. three weeks’
C. two weeks’
D. one week’s
5. The above reading is probably ______.
A. a story
B. a notice
C. a play
D. a piece of news
C[来源:学科网ZXXK]
At the beginning of the first class on Friday, Mr López told the whole class that the governor (州长)
would visit the classroom on Monday. He wanted to honour (给予表扬) the students in Mr López’s class
because they had read so many books over summer vacation.
Mr López chose Mark, Nicole, and Kim-Zu to plan a programme for the governor. Nicole suggested
they each give a report on a book they had read.
Mark liked Nicole’s plan but felt it would take too long. He suggested a short play. The class could
vote (投票) on its favourite book and then act out one of the scenes.
Kim-Zu said there was not enough time to prepare for Mark’s programme. She thought the best idea
was t o choose one or two students to talk about the importance of reading. Then they could have a
reception. Kim-Zu liked the idea of talking about books and ea ting at the same time!
“Let’s vote on the best programme,” Mark said.
But Mark, Kim-Zu, and Nicole each voted for their own idea.
11
Then Nicole had a good idea. “I’ve got it!”
She suggested that they combine (融合) all three ideas. Students would wear outfits (特别的服装)
on Monday representing characters from their favourite books. Mr López would have a list on the board of
all the books they had read. Two students would give a talk about the fun of reading. Then everyone would
eat!
Everyone in the class liked Nicole’s plan. Mr López was glad to see they had worked together to find
the perfect programme for the governor.
1.The story happened days before the governer visited the classroom.
A. three
B. four
C. five
D. six
2.The governor planned a visit to Mr López’s classroom because .
A. Mr López had once been the governor’s teacher
B. Mr López had given money for the reading programme
C. Mr López and the governor were best friends
D. Mr López’s students had read so many books
3.In this passage, a reception is most like a .
A. book
B. party
C. play
D. list
4. We can learn that Mark .
A. had written a book
B. liked to dance
C. was interested in plays
D. enjoyed eating
5.This passage is mainly about .[来源:Z&xx&k.Com]
A. enjoying cookies and fruit with the governor
B. planning a programme for the governor
C. putting on a play based on a book
D. reading a lot of books during the summer
D
Do you enjoy visiting a museum? Did you ever make a plan before a
visit? Every museum must have something that attracts you. And there are
many possible ways to enjoy yourself in a museum.
If you follow these steps below, you'll know what is worth seeing and
doing, so that you can make the most of your time at the museum.
Decide what museum you will visit. There are so many different kinds of museums and you first
need to find one that you like. It's easy for you to choose one and start an enjoyable visit!
Do some research online. Every museum now has a website which allows you to look through the
information about it. On the website, you may look for such things as:
•The exhibits(展品)–See what is on show at the museum at all times, and what special exhibitions are
12
held for a short time.
•The history of the museum –There will often be very interesting stories about the exhibits and the
benefactors(捐赠者). That can make your visit mor e interesting.
•Activities –See whether there are talks, tours our special activities on the day when you visit. Many
museums hold some activities that meet the interests of all age groups.
•Cost,food or shortage–It's important how much the visit will cost. You have to decide whether or not
you can eat there. You might also need to find out transportation needs, as well as storage for coats, bags
etc.
Learn at least one thing on your visit. It is always good to take away something new from your
visit.
Plan breaks into your visit. When you walk around, standing here and studying exhibits there, you
may become very tired. So it is important to take breaks. A break is a good opportunity for you to think of
what you have seen and what else you might wan t to do in museum.
Take a friend or two. Visiting museums is always a lot more fun when you are with someone else.
You can talk over what you’re seeing. A friend also brings another way of thinking when you talk about the
exhibit.
1. According to the passage, we should first ____.
A. do some research online B. make a plan for lunch
C. decide on a museum to visit D. choose a friend to go with
2. To make our visit more interesting, we can____.
A. organize activities like special shows and talks
B. read the stories about exhibits and benefactors
C. learn about the interests of all age groups
D. walk around the museum without breaks
3. If we visit a museum with friends, we can____.
A. share the experience with them B. come up with strange ideas
C. cut down the cost of the visit D. discuss the next visit plan
IV 阅读与表达
阅读短文，根据其内容回答问题。
In 1990, Debbie Spaide and a group of children volunteered to water the garden for an elderly
neighbour (邻居) in New Canaan, CT. A few weeks later, the same kids made 150 bag lunches for a soup
kitchen (a place where people with no money and no homes c an get free food). Debbie Spaide told her
friends about her experiences. After just a few weeks, the group grew to over 50 young people. That was
the beginning of GenerationOn Kids Care Clubs.
GenerationOn Kids Care Clubs are groups of young people who work together to help people in need in
their communities and around the world. GenerationOn Kids Care Clubs can be found in schools, churches,
13
volunteer centres and many other centres. Today there are more than 1,800 registered ( 已注册的)
GenerationOn Kids Care Clubs in the world and 80,000 kids in the United States and countries including
Australia, Canada and China.
Anywhere that there are kids working together to help others, there is a GenerationOn Kids Care Club in
the making. If you are interested in starting a GenerationOn Kids Care Club, go to www.kidscare.org.
1. What did Debbie Spaide and the kids do for the soup kitchen?
__________________________________________
2. What did Debbie Spaide’s friends probably think of her experiences?
__________________________________________
3. Why do members of GenerationOn Kids Care Clubs work together?
__________________________________________
4. Are there any GenerationOn Kids Care Clubs in China?
__________________________________________
5. Why did the writer write this passage?
__________________________________________
V.完成句子
根据中文意思完成句子（每空词数不限）。
1.新鲜的空气对我们的健康有好处。
Fresh air our health.
2.在这儿，我们每天都能学到新东西。
Here we can learn every day.
3.有规律地锻炼身体非常重要。
to exercise regularly. [来源:学_科_网Z_X_X_K]
4. 妈妈告诉我不要在那条河里游泳。
Mum told me .
5.迈克希望爷爷会尽可能住久一点。
Mike hopes Grandpa will stay .
VI. 书面表达
下面是某报刊登的一封读者来信，请你以编者Serina 的身份给这位同学回信，并针对她的问题给
出合理的建议。80 词左右，信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Serina,
Lisa and I are in the same class and she sits next to me. She is an excellent student and I can learn a lot
from her. However, she talks so much that sometimes I can’t pay attention to my studies. I want to change
seats with another girl, but I’m afraid it will hurt Lisa’s feelings. What should I do?
Yours,
Winnie
Dear Winnie,
_____________________________________________
14
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________[来源:学科网]
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
Yours,
Serina
答案：
I.ADCBA DCDAB
II.. BBADC DAADB
III.BADAB CCBAD ADBCB CBA
IV.
1. They made 150 bag lunches.
2. Good. / Interesting. (此答案不唯一)
3. To help people in need.
4. Yes, there are.
5. To tell us about GenerationOn Kids Care Clubs.
V.1. does good to / is good for
2. something new
3. It’s important
4. not to swim in the river
5. as long as possible
VI.One possible version:
Dear Winnie,
I’m sorry to learn that Lisa is making it difficult for you to pay attention to your studies. However, I think
Lisa talks to you because she likes you. What’s more, she can help you with your studies.
In my opinion, you should get to know her better. Once you become close friends, it will be easier for you
to talk to her and tell her how you feel about the problem. I’m sure she will understand you.
I hope you like my suggestion.
Yours,
Serina
课程顾问签字： 教学主管签字：
