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第二讲：语法篇
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1.熟练掌握第一单元词组和重点句型
2.语法：复习六种时态
一．重点句型
1. agree with sb 同意某人 agree to do sth 同意做某事
2. would like to do sth 想要做某事
3. in +一段时间 在.....（多长时间）之后，常用于回答How soon 的提问
4. have been/gone to 以及have been in 的区别
5. because of+名词 因为。。。。。
6. without doing sth 没有做某事
7. be afraid of doing sth. / be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事
8. one of +the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数 最......的.....之一
9. look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事
二．六种时态
英语的六种时态
一、一般现在时：
概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
时间状语：often，usually，always，sometimes，every week（day，year，month．．．），once a
week，on Sundays，etc．
基本结构：①be 动词；②行为动词
否定形式：① am ／is ／are ＋not；②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't，如主
语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①把be 动词放于句首；②用助动词 do 提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同
时，还原行为动词。
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二、一般过去时：
概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
时间状语：ago，yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week（year，night，month．．．），in
1989，just now，at the age of 5，one day，long long ago，once upon a time，etc．
基本结构：①be 动词；②行为动词
否定形式：① was／were ＋not；②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①was 或were 放在句首；②用助动词do 的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。
三、现在进行时：
概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
时间状语：now，at this time，these days，etc．
基本结构：am／is／are ＋doing
否定形式：am／is／are ＋not＋doing
一般疑问句：把be 动词放在句首
四、过去进行时：
概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
时间状语：at this time yesterday，at that time 或以when 引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
基本结构：was／were ＋doing
否定形式：was／were ＋not＋doing
一般疑问句：把was 或were 放在句首
五、现在完成时：
概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动
作或状态。
时间状语：recently，lately，since．．．，for．．．，in the past few years，etc．
基本结构：have／has ＋done
否定形式：have／has ＋not＋done
一般疑问句：have／has 放于句首
六、一般将来时：
概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
时间状语：tomorrow，next day（week，month，year．．．．），soon，in a few minutes，
by．．．，the day after tomorrow，etc．
基本结构：①am／is／are／going to ＋do；②will／shall＋do
否定形式：①am／is／are ＋not＋going to ＋do；② will／shall＋not＋do
一般疑问句：①be 放于句首；② will／shall 提到句首
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1..Look！Little Tom ____ the table.
A.is lying
B．is laying
C．lies D．lays
2..John didn't give up looking for a job ____ A he got an offer from a German company.(2014，上海)
A.until
B．since
C．because D．if
3. Peter said that he _____home the next day.
A. was going to B. will go C. would go D. had gone
4. He ____with us since he returned last month.
A. lives B. lived C. had lived D. has lived
5. They ___to help but could not get here in time.
A. had wanted B. have wanted C. was wanting D. want
基础演练
I.词汇练习
1.wonder n. 奇观；奇迹 v. __________ (adj.)_________
2. discuss v. 讨论；商讨（ n. ）______________
3.electricity n. 电 （adj.）_______________
4. natural adj. 大自然的，合乎情理的；合理的
（n.）_________大自然
5. east n. 东方 (adj.)_________ (在东边的；来自东边的)
6. loud adj. 响亮的 （adv.）_______________
7. though 虽然；尽管 （同义词）_____________ 不能与but 通用在同一个句型当中
8. grey adj. 灰色的；形容天气时，译为：________________
9. silent adj. 寂静的 （adv.）________ in silent ________
10. nearly 几乎；差不多 （近义词）_________________
II.词组汉译英
1.参加_______________ 2.世界奇观____________
3.自然奇观_____________ 4.我不能确定_____________
5.赞同_________________ 6.多数------_______________
7.几百米________________ 8.在------沿岸____________
9.甚至更壮观____________ 10.1，700 米宽_____________
11.数千米远_____________ 12.按某人的意见____________
13.超过_________________ 14.在顶端_______________
15.数百万的；无数的 ______________
III.用所给词的适当形式填空。
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1.—— How _______ (do) your brother ___________ (go) to school every day ?
—— By bike . But next term we _________( take ) the school bus .
2.Last night we _________( arrive )there late , but most shops_______( be ) still open at midnight .
3.Sally _______ ( look )happy . Perhaps she _________ ( know )the good news .
4.The teacher said “The sun _______( go )around the earth .”
5.Don’t_______ ( do )it like this .
6. Every year _______(million) of foreigners come to visit China .
7. I _________(not read ) the story , so I’m not sure what it tells .
8. Do you think man-made wonders are more exciting than the natural ______(one) .
9. They will have a _______ (discuss) on where to have a picnic .
10. I wonder if Shanghai can become an _________(east) Hollywood .
IV.用方框中短语的适当形式填空
A
all kinds of; look forward to; thousands of; listen up; too ... to ...; on the edge of; write down
Hello, everyone! I know you're all 1 our visit to Egypt. It's a fascinating country and
there are 2 things to see there. Of course, like 3 other tourists, we'll visit
the pyramids. The pyramids are4 the Sahara Desert. We'll spend as much time as possible
there, but there is 5 much see in one visit. We'll also visit the museum in
Cairo. We'll be able to see some of the important treasures coming out of the Valley of the Kings. Now,6
, because I'm going to give you a lot of information. Please 7 the most important points, so
you don't forget.
B
on the edge of , huge , at the bottom of, light, side, distance, disappear, path, rise, face
I had an unforgettable experience in 1999. I went to the Grand Canyon! It was not big, but 1.
.On that misty(有雾的)morning, I walked along the 2. carefully together with the guide.
Before the sun 3. we arrived there. Suddenly, the clouds cleared and it became4. .I
found I was 5. the famous canyon. I walked closer and looked down, then I found there was a
river 6. the canyon. The guide asked me to look across to the other 7. of the
canyon. (We were 8. the west.) I couldn’t imagine how wide it was! I also looked to my left
and right and saw the canyon 9. into the 10. .What a wonderful gift from the
nature!
巩固提高
V.单项选择
1. The Great Wall is one of the great man-made _____ in the world .
A place
B events
C experience D wonders
2. We want to travel to some ________ places such as Mount Tai and the West Lake .
A natural
B high C man-made D warm
3.After a few minutes’ _____ ,the children knew how to use the word .
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A meeting B fight C question D discussion
4. — Would you like some milk ?
No, thanks .I don’t like it ,______ I know it’s good for my health .
A though B because C if D so
5.You can choose to take a plane there . But ____,it’s better to take a coach .
A in my opinion B on the other hand C that’s to say
6.—— Dave ，it’s dangerous to swim here . Look at the sign .
—— Oh, I ______ it . Thank you .
A didn’t notice B won’t notice C hadn’t noticed D don’t notice
7. —— Sam , what will the weather be like tomorrow ?
—— Sorry ,Mun . I didn’t watch the weather forecast just now . I_____ a football match .
A would watch B will watch C am watching D was watching
8. Your foreign teacher Miss Smith ______ us English since five years ago .
A teach B in teaching C has taught D teaches
9.You______ . Don’t talk on the phone .
A will drive B are driving C were driving D have driven
10. — I called you yesterday evening , but nobody answered the phone .
— Oh, I ______ a walk with my parents at that time .
A took B was taking C am taking D take
I.单选选择
1. He said that honesty _____the key to success.
A. was B. will be C. is D. is being
2. She _____in London till nest Monday.
A. will have stayed B. has stayed C. is staying D. has been staying
3. We _____each other since I left Shanghai.
A. haven’t seen B. hadn’t seen C. didn’t see D. wouldn’t see
4. I’ll return the book to the library as soon as I_ __it .
A. will finish B. am going to finish C. finished
D. have finished
5. She has bought some cloth, she ____herself a dress.
A. makes B. is going to make C. would make D. has made
6. Don’t go and bother him. He _____in the room.
A. writes B. has written C. is writing D. has been writing
7. ___you ___?
A. Do, marry B. Have, married
C. Have, been married D. Are, married
8. Tom: This is a terribly heavy box.
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John: I ____you to carry it.
A. will help B. am going to help C.had better to help D. had rather help
9. She told me that her father _____to the post office when I arrived
A. just went B. has just gone
C.had just gone D. had just been going
10. Don’t get off until the bus _____.
A. stopped B. will stop C. will have stopped D. stops
11. The fence ____near the window.
A. stand
B. is standing C. have stood
D. stands
12.. They _____here for more than a month.
A. have arrived B. have reached C. have come D. have been
13. We ___a meeting from 2 to 4 yesterday afternoon.
A. had had B. would have
C. were having D. had
14. She told us she had met you in London last year. _____ you _____her since ?
A. Had—met B. Did —see C. Would—meet D. Have—seen
15. If it ____tomorrow, we won’t go to the school farm.
A. is to rain B. will be raining
C. will rain D. rains
II.完形填空
Welcome to Grand Canyon National Park! The Grand Canyon is famous as a wonder of the natural
world, and it
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is. Here are some tips for enjoying the Grand Canyon.
●
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on the paths. Don’t stand on the edge of the cliff (悬崖) for a better
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. We saw
people doing this! Don’t run around in dangerous areas. 21·世纪*教育网
● Bring enough 19
. The Grand Canyon has a very dry climate, especially in summer. You will
drink
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than you can possibly imagine.
● Wear the right shoes.
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you’re going to walk any distance on the Rim Trail, you’d better
wear closed-toe (不露趾的) shoes.
● Weather. During July and August, storms can
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.
The South Rim is open all year round, and in winter and early spring, bring more clothes to stay
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.
● Don’t feed the animals. Some animals here are really lovely and they are not
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humans
(人类), but don’t feed them. Some animals can bite if you get too close. Human food is bad for many of the
animals.
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may die! So let the animals feed themselves.
16.A. hardly
B. already
C. really
D. Almost
17.A. Jump
B. Stay
C. Work
D. Dance
18.A. life
B. reason
C. look
D. trip
19.A. water
B. food
C. clothes
D. money
20.A. more carefully B. more
C. more slowly
D. better
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21.A. Although
B. So
C. Because
D. If
22.A. come up
B. take off
C. go away
D. look out
23.A. awake
B. warm
C. happy
D. safe
24.A. afraid of
B. interested in
C. angry with
D. proud of
25.A. You
B. It
C. We
D. They
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
I.单项选择
1. Xi’an is ancient city with long history.21 教育网
A. a; a
B. an; a
C. the; an
D. /; the
2. It’s so cold! The temperature must be zero.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
A. on
B. with
C. below
D. between
3. — What’s the of Mount Tai?
— It’s about 1,530 metres.
A. price
B. height
C. number
D. distance
4. Mr Green is very rich. He lives in a house. 2-1-c-n-j-y
A. huge
B. small
C. safe
D. dangerous
5. There are many man-made wonders in the world. One of them Stonehenge.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
6. Everyone knows that the sun in the east.【出处：21 教育名师】
A. rises
B. falls
C. stays
D. lives
7.— Have you ever been to the Summer Palace?
— No, but I it some day.
A. visit
B. will visit
C. visited
D. have visited
8. The diary is not mine. It’s .
A. anyone else
B. someone else
C. anyone else’s
D. someone else’s
9. The radio says that the clouds will and it will be sunny.
A. clear
B. appear
C. grow
D. Develop
10. — Who is at maths, Tony, Toby or Jim?【版权所有：21 教育】
— Toby. He always gets good grades.
A. better
B. best
C. worse
D. worst
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11. I’ll do an interview with Mrs Black if she busy tomorrow.
A. is
B. will be
C. isn’t
D. won’t be
12. — When you the ticket?
— Two days ago.
A. do; buy
B. did; buy
C. have; bought
D. had; bought
13. ! I have something important to tell you.
A. Look at
B. Listen to
C. Listen up
D. Look across
14. — Excuse me, is the post office?
— About 500 metres away.
A. how far
B. how high
C. how deep
D. how soon
15. — I think we can make a poster for the concert. 21*cnjy*com
—
A. Good luck!
B. Thanks a lot.
C. Have a good trip.
D. That’s a fantastic idea!
II.阅读理解
A
Red Rock Canyon lies about 15 miles west of Las Vegas. When you first get there, there is a visitors’
centre for you to learn about some history of the canyon. You can also learn about animals and plants in the
canyon.
The canyon is famous for rock climbing. There are many paths that you can stop and hike.
Of course, you can travel around the canyon by car. The greatest thing is that you can see the sights
without ever leaving your car. If you are a little adventurous (爱冒险的), you can choose one of the paths
and make your way a little off the road. Even though you are just in Las Vegas, a trip to Red Rock Canyon
is a great escape from the noise of the city.
根据短文内容，判断句子的正误。正确为“A”，错误为“B”。
( )1. Red Rock Canyon is in the centre of Las Vegas.21·cn·jy·com
( )2.People can learn about animals and plants at the visitors’ centre.
( )3. Red Rock Canyon is famous for skating.
( )4. People can visit the canyon only on foot.
( )5. Red Rock Canyon is quiet.
B
Are you learning English as a second language?
If you are, Easy English Times is the right newspaper for you. It’s written in plain English, so it’s
perfect for those who are learning English as a second language. Easy English Times helps you improve
your language skills. It comes out (出版) ten times a year. Each copy has an extra page of interesting
classroom activities.www.21-cn-jy.com
Are you teaching English as a second language?
If you are, you can walk into the classroom and start teaching now. We are happy to give you advice
on how to use the newspaper in class. 21 教育名师原创作品
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Are you interested in Easy English Times?
If you are, we can send it to you by first-class mail. For more information, please call 707-253-9641.
根据材料内容，选择正确的答案。
1. The underlined word “plain” means “ ”.
A. 易懂的
B. 老套的
C. 无聊的
D. 腐朽的
2. How often does Easy English Times come out?
A. Once a week.
B. Once a month.
C. Once a year.
D. Ten times a year.
3. The passage is mainly about a .
A. book
B. magazine
C. newspaper
D. dictionary
4. Each copy of Easy English Times has a page of activities.
A. outdoor
B. classroom
C. family
D. business
5. If you want to learn more about Easy English Times, you can .
A. make a call
B. send an e-mail
C. send a letter
D. visit its website
C
Lester was walking in the street with a huge box. A stranger walked up to him and asked, “Have you
got the time?”
Lester stopped, put down the box, looked at his watch and said, “It’s 5:45.”
“Hey, what a nice watch!” said the stranger.
Lester smiled and said, “It’s very special.” Then he pressed a button and a voice told the time in
Chinese. Lester continued, “It can ‘speak’ many languages.” The stranger seemed very interested in the
watch. Lester then pressed another button and a small map appeared on the watch.
“I want to buy your watch!” said the stranger.
“Oh, no, I’m not selling it,” said Lester.
“I’ll give you $1,000!”
“Oh, no.”
“I’ll give you $5,000!” The stranger quickly took much money out of his bag and said. “Here is the
money. Take it or leave it.”
Finally, Lester took off the watch and gave it to the stranger. When the stranger was about to leave,
Lester pointed to the huge box and said, “Don’t forget your battery (电池).”
根据材料内容，选择正确答案。
6. Lester stopped in the street because .www-2-1-cnjy-com
A. he felt too tired
B. the box was too heavy
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C. a stranger wanted to buy his watch
D. someone asked him what the time was
7. What did the stranger think of the watch at first?
A. Nice.
B. Special.
C. Heavy.
D. Expensive.
8. The stranger paid for the watch.
A. $100 B. $1,000
C. $500 D. $5,000
9. What was in the box?
A. The watch’s battery.
B. Another watch.
C. The watch’s map.
D. Lots of money.
10. Which is the BEST title for the passage?
A. Time Is Money
B. A Rich Stranger
C. A Special Watch
D. How to Sell a Watch
D
My aunt Cindy has her own cake shop. She can make nice cakes for special occasions, such as
weddings. I spent a week last summer helping her in the shop. Making a nice cake is harder than I thought
it would be.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
I practised for hours in Aunt Cindy’s shop. I made little coloured dots (圆点) on a piece of wax
paper (蜡纸). Unluckily, I could not get the dots to be the same shape or size.
I decided to take a break from making the dots, so I helped move cakes. However, that was not easy
for me, either. I dropped a cake when trying to take it out of the freezer (冷冻箱) by myself. Luckily one
of Aunt Cindy’s assistants (店员) was there. He saved the cake from hitting the floor.
It takes a whole team to make a huge cake. That’s one of the most important things I learned. Each
person on the team has to be great at his or her job. Aunt Cindy designs the cakes on paper, Larry does the
mixing and baking, and assistants carve and put frosting on the cakes. Aunt Cindy and Larry do most of the
decorating while the assistants help make small parts like flowers and figures. Building a big cake is like
playing a team sport. If one person doesn’t do his or her job well, the whole team pays for that.
Even though I was not much help to my aunt, I’m glad I spent the week in Aunt Cindy’s shop.
Designing cakes takes more than just baking skills. It takes art and painting skills too. Now when I see a
really nice cake, I don’t think of eating it first. Instead, I look at it and wonder how many hours it took to
make.
11.What does the underlined word “occasions” mean in this passage?
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A. events
B. needs
C. places
D. ideas
12.Why did the writer take a break from putting coloured dots on wax paper?
A. Because she practised for hours and became bored.
B. Because she could not make the dots good enough for a cake.
C. Because Aunt Cindy did not want her to make any more dots.
D. Because Aunt Cindy wanted her to help somewhere else.
13.Who designs the cakes on paper?
A. Aunt Cindy.
B. Larry.
C. Assistants. D. The writer.
14.What was the main reason the writer was glad to have spent a week in her aunt’s shop?
A. She got to practise making coloured dots.
B. She learned the importance of teamwork.
C. She got to take a cake out of the freezer.
D. She learned art and painting skills.
15.What is this passage mainly about?
A. Helping an aunt design cakes.
B. Spending a week in a cake shop.
C. Working as the assistant to a cake decorator.
D. Discovering that making a nice cake is difficult.
III.综合填空 （10 小题，每小题1 分，共10 分）
A. 单词拼写：根据句子意思及所给的中文提示完成单词。每空只能填一词。
1. In my (看法), the greatest wonder of the world is the Great Wall.
2. My grandmother’s hair has turned (灰色的).
3. What a fine day! The sun is (照耀) brightly.
4. Can you tell me what the (讨论) is about?
5. Now I can’t imagine the life without (电).
B. 选词填空：根据短文内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词完成短文。所有单词在填入前不需进
行词形转换。每个单词只能用一次，每空只能写一词。21 世纪教育网版权所有
appear, natural, walking, become, million
Many visitors to the UK only go to visit famous buildings and shops in London. It’s a pity if you
don’t visit some of (6) wonders there.
The Cairngorms are a group of mountains in Scotland. They are popular for (7)
and climbing. In winter, the mountains (8) silver because of the snow. So
you can go there to ski. There are many kinds of wild animals too. Eagles (鹰) and deer (鹿) sometimes
(9) there.
Snowdonia is a region in north Wales and a national park of 823 square miles. Over six (10)
tourists visit it very year and mountain walking is very popular.
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IV.句子翻译 （本大题共5 小题，每小题1 分，共5 分）
根据中文意思完成句子。每空词数不限。
1. 琳达不在家，她去机场了。
Linda isn’t at home. She the airport. 2·1·c·n·j·y
2. 你要是恐高就呆在这儿。
Stay here if you heights.
3. 汤姆太小，还不能独自坐飞机。
Tom is take the plane by himself. 21cnjy.com
4. 我刚刚在操场看见贝蒂了，她正在弹吉他。
I saw Betty in the playground just now. She the guitar.
5. —— 我听说你考试成绩优异。
—— 真的吗？我怎么不知道！
— I hear you’ve got excellent grades in your exams.
— Really? !
V.书面表达 （满分15 分）
假设上周末你和父母去北京游玩。请根据下面的提示，以A trip to Beijing 为题，写一篇80 词
左右的短文（标题已给出，不计入总词数）。
A trip to Beijing
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