热点话题02 阿尔忒弥斯二号宇航员成功溅落——
宇宙探索
目录
时文精读------------------------------------------------------------精选外刊原创语法填空
【原创·语法填空】
【课标词汇积累】
【课标词汇训练】
【参考译文】
好题精练----------------------------------------------------------精选名校及联考话题专练
【阅读理解】
【阅读7 选5】
【完形填空】
【语法填空】
【话题·导语】
Artemis II astronauts have splashed down on Earth 阿尔忒弥斯二号航天员已成功溅落地球
【原文·时文阅读】
文章来源：https://www.npr.org/2026/04/10/nx-s1-5781327/nasa-artemis-ii-return-earth-splashdown-moon
After a nearly 10-day journey that took the Artemis II astronauts around the moon, in front of an eclipse
and farther away from Earth than any humans before them, the crew of four have made a dramatic return
home.
NASA astronauts Reid Wiseman, Victor Glover and Christina Koch and Canadian Space Agency
astronaut Jeremy Hansen were ensconced in the Orion space capsule when they dropped into the Pacific
Ocean off the coast of San Diego at 8:07 p.m. Friday. The USS John P. Murtha is stationed near the
splashdown zone to help recover the crew.
To get back to Earth, the space capsule had to withstand predicted temperatures of about 5,000 degrees
Fahrenheit and slow down from nearly 25,000 miles per hour — or more than 30 times the speed of sound —
to a gentle 19 mph or so before splashdown.
读时文精读
The roughly 13-minute journey from the top of the atmosphere to the surface is like "riding a fireball
through the atmosphere," NASA astronaut and Artemis II crew member Victor Glover said before the
maneuver.
But, he said, it's also a necessary one.
"We have to get back," Glover said. "There's so much data that you have seen already, but all the good
stuff is coming back with us."
The crew of four, who looped around the far side of the moon on Monday April 6, took photos and
made observations as they passed over the lunar surface. The crew is set to bring that data and more back to
the team on the ground.
【原创·语法填空】(255words)
After a nearly 10-day journey that took the Artemis II astronauts around the moon, in front of an eclipse
and farther away from Earth than any humans before them, the crew of four have made a 1._______
（drama）return home.
NASA astronauts Reid Wiseman, Victor Glover and Christina Koch and Canadian Space Agency
astronaut Jeremy Hansen were ensconced in the Orion space capsule when they dropped into the Pacific
Ocean 2._______ the coast of San Diego at 8:07 p.m. Friday. The USS John P. Murtha is stationed near the
splashdown zone 3._______（help）recover the crew.
To get back to Earth, the space capsule had to withstand 4._______（predict） temperatures of about
5,000 degrees Fahrenheit 5._______ slow down from nearly 25,000 miles per hour — or more than 30 times
the speed of sound — to a gentle 19 mph or so before splashdown.
The 6._______（rough）13-minute journey from the top of the atmosphere to the surface is like
"riding a fireball through the atmosphere," NASA astronaut and Artemis II crew member Victor Glover said
before the maneuver.
But, he said, it's also 7._______ necessary one.
"We have to get back," Glover said. "There's so much data that you 8._______（see）already, but all
the good stuff is coming back with us."
The crew of four, 9._______ looped around the far side of the moon on Monday April 6, took
10._______（photo） and made observations as they passed over the lunar surface. The crew is set to bring
that data and more back to the team on the ground.
【课标词汇积累】
1.eclipse n. 日食；月食；丧失，黯然失色 v. 遮住…的光；使黯然失色
During the school science fair, the brilliant project presentation by the class monitor temporarily eclipsed the other
exhibits, drawing everyone's attention.
在学校科技节上，班长的精彩项目展示暂时使其他展品黯然失色，吸引了所有人的注意。
2.crew n. (飞机、轮船等上的)全体工作人员；技术团队；一组人；划船队；赛船运动 v. 当船员
As a member of the school broadcasting crew, he was responsible for editing the daily news segments that kept
everyone informed about campus events.
作为学校广播站的一员，他负责编辑每日新闻片段，让所有人了解校园动态。
3.station n. 车站；局；电台；岗位；驻军 v. 派驻；把…安置到
The newly established tutoring station in the library provides after-class assistance for students struggling with math
and physics.
图书馆新设立的辅导站为在数学和物理学习上遇到困难的学生提供课后帮助。
4.splashdown n. 溅落
Her innovative idea for the environmental project made a splashdown in the school's annual innovation contest,
earning her the first prize.
她为环保项目提出的创新想法在学校的年度创新大赛中引起轰动，为她赢得了一等奖。
5.recover v. 康复；复原；重新获得；恢复
After failing the midterm exam, he developed a detailed study plan to recover his grades and successfully improved by
the end of the semester.
在期中考试失利后，他制定了详细的学习计划来恢复成绩，并在学期末成功提升。
6.withstand v. 经受住；承受
She had to withstand tremendous pressure from multiple exams and extracurricular activities, but she managed her
time effectively to succeed.
她必须承受来自多次考试和课外活动的巨大压力，但她通过有效管理时间取得了成功。
7.temperature n. 温度；体温；氛围
The temperature in the crowded school cafeteria during lunch break often rises, making the air conditioning system
essential for comfort.
午休期间拥挤的学校食堂温度常常升高，使得空调系统对保持舒适至关重要。
8. atmosphere n. 大气层；空气；氛围，环境；魅力
The friendly and cooperative atmosphere in our study group encourages everyone to share ideas and solve problems
together.
我们学习小组中友好合作的氛围鼓励每个人分享想法并共同解决问题。
9.loop n. 圈，环；回路；弯曲部分 v. （使）成环，（使）成圈
To memorize historical events, she created a mind map that put the key dates in a chronological loop, making revision
easier.
为了记忆历史事件，她创建了一个思维导图，将关键日期按时间顺序循环排列，使复习更容易。
10. stuff n. 材料，原料，资料；填充物；素材资料 vt. 塞满；填塞；让吃饱 vi. 吃得过多
The school storage room contains old stuff like outdated computers and broken chairs, which are scheduled for
recycling.
学校储藏室里存放着过时的电脑和坏掉的椅子等旧物品，这些物品计划进行回收处理。
【课标词汇训练】
根据语境，从上面的“课标词汇”中选用合适的单词及其正确形式将句子补充完整。
1.Her outstanding performance in the final exams ____________ her previous modest grades, surprising both teachers
and classmates.
她在期末考试中的出色表现超越了她以往普通的成绩，令老师和同学都感到惊讶。
2.The cleaning ____________ composed of our class volunteers worked diligently after school to ensure the campus
remained spotless for the upcoming sports meet.
由我们班志愿者组成的清洁小队放学后辛勤工作，确保校园为即将到来的运动会保持一尘不染。
3.During the fire drill, each class quickly gathered at their designated assembly ____________ on the playground,
demonstrating excellent discipline.
在消防演习中，每个班级迅速聚集到操场上指定的集合点，表现出极佳的纪律性。
4.The basketball team's triumphant ____________ in the championship pool after winning the inter-school tournament
was met with cheers from the entire school.
篮球队在校际锦标赛获胜后，在冠军池中胜利溅落，迎来了全校的欢呼。
5.The school garden, damaged by a heavy storm, was carefully ____________ by the biology club, who replanted all the
flowers and vegetables.
被暴雨破坏的学校花园在生物俱乐部的精心恢复下重新焕发生机，他们重新种植了所有花卉和蔬菜。
6.The sturdy new desks in the classroom can ____________ the daily wear and tear of energetic students, ensuring long-
term use.
教室里坚固的新课桌能够承受精力旺盛的学生们的日常磨损，确保长期使用。
7.The chemistry teacher emphasized the importance of controlling the ____________ precisely during experiments to
ensure accurate results.
化学老师强调在实验中精确控制温度以确保结果准确的重要性。
8.The school strives to create an ____________ of respect and inclusivity where every student feels valued and accepted.
学校努力营造一种尊重和包容的氛围，让每个学生都感到被重视和接纳。
9.The video tutorial on the school's online platform is stuck in a continuous ____________, repeating the same lesson
until the teacher fixes it.
学校在线平台上的视频教程卡在连续循环中，不断重复同一课程，直到老师修复它。
10.Her school bag is always filled with all sorts of ____________, from textbooks and notebooks to art supplies and
snacks.
她的书包总是塞满了各种各样的东西，从课本和笔记本到美术用品和零食。
【参考译文】
经过近10 天的漫长旅程，阿耳忒弥斯二号飞船的宇航员们环绕月球飞行，目睹了日食奇观，且
距离地球的距离远超以往任何人类宇航员。如今，四人乘组已成功完成壮丽的返航任务。
周五晚8 时07 分，美国国家航空航天局（NASA）宇航员里德·怀斯曼、维克多·格洛弗和克里斯
蒂娜·科赫，以及加拿大航天局宇航员杰里米·汉森，成功进入位于圣地亚哥海岸外太平洋海域的猎户座太
空舱。为协助乘组人员回收，美国海军约翰·P·默萨号驱逐舰已部署在溅落区域附近待命。
为重返地球，太空舱需承受约5000 华氏度（约2730 摄氏度）的极端温度，并从近25000 英里/小时
（超音速30 倍以上）的高速减速至约19 英里/小时（约30 公里/小时），最终实现安全着陆。
NASA 宇航员、阿尔忒弥斯二号任务组成员维克多·格洛弗在执行机动前表示，从大气层顶到地表这段
约13 分钟的旅程，就像‘乘坐火球穿越大气层’。但他表示，这也是必要的。
“我们必须重返赛场，”格洛弗表示，“虽然已有大量数据可供参考，但所有有价值的数据都将随我
们一同回归。”
4 月6 日星期一，四人航天员乘飞船环绕月球背面运行，在飞越月球表面时拍摄了照片并进行了观
测。该团队将把这些数据及其他相关信息传回地面。
Passage1 阅读理解
（2026·云南省昆明市五华区云南师范大学附属中学等学校高三模拟预测）Astronomers have just
spotted one of the biggest spinning structures ever seen. A string of 14 galaxies spanning 5.5 million light-years is
rotating (旋转) together, located inside a spinning chunk of the cosmic web (宇宙网). Such a consistent direction of
spin is unexpected and could complicate major upcoming surveys.
Scientists found the structure in data from the MeerKAT radio telescope. Later, they saw that members on
one end of the string were moving toward us, while those on the other end were moving away. They also found that
outside its central line, the main part races around at some 250,000 mph (400,000 km/h). The galaxies are full of
neutral hydrogen, the raw material for star formation. Because hydrogen is easily disturbed, it acts like a sign,
revealing the flow of gas and momentum ( 动量). That makes this structure a live demo of how galaxies grow,
acquiring material and spinning up over time.
What surprised the team is that most of the galaxies are also turning around their own center in the same
direction as the whole structure is spinning. Astronomers generally think galaxies rotate randomly. But in this case,
“We believe this is caused by the gravitational interaction between the galaxies and the structure,” says Madalina
Tudorache, the leading researcher. More specifically, the structure is passing its spin on to the galaxies through “a
transfer of angular momentum (角动量).” This provides important clues to how a galaxy’s environment affects its
formation and evolution.
Giant spinning structures such as this could throw a wrench into current and future cosmological surveys.
Present projects study the universe by exploiting the fact that light from cosmic objects is bent to Earth by the
gravity of matter it passes, which can make galaxies appear to be lined up. But if galaxies are actually lined up, it
could produce a false signal, making our maps incorrect. “This structure breaks our assumption that all galaxies are
randomly oriented,” says Naomi Robertson, a research associate at the University of Edinburgh, adding that such
observations help astronomers test data analysis methods and explore the cosmic web more fully by combining
multiple datasets.
1．What do we know about the newly discovered structure?
A．It is the largest spinning structure ever found.
练好题精练
B．It consists of 14 galaxies moving in random directions.
C．Its galaxies spin in the opposite direction of the structure.
D．Its galaxies contain neutral hydrogen uncovering gas flow.
2．What can be learned from Tudorache’s words about the discovery?
A．It happens by chance and has little scientific significance.
B．It results from the structure transferring its spin to the galaxies.
C．It proves that galaxies always spin in the same direction.
D．It challenges all existing theories about galaxy formation.
3．What does the underlined phrase “throw a wrench into” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Completely destroy.
B．Cause problems for.
C．Slightly enhance.
D．Provide support for.
4．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．How do Galaxies Get Their Spin?
B．Will Lined-up Galaxies Ruin Space Surveys?
C．Giant Spinning Galaxies Found in Cosmic Web
D．Studying Galaxies Through the Cosmic Web
Passage2 阅读理解
（2026·贵州六盘水市下学期一模高三英语素养卷）Our solar system orbits the Milky Way galaxy’s
center once about every 210 million years, traveling along at around 240 kilometers per second — an astonishing
rate we don’t feel because the entire system moves at the same constant speed. But a new study suggests our solar
system is a laggard in the universe compared with one system in our galaxy that was somehow accelerated to a
speed of 541 kilometers a second, making it the swiftest planetary system ever found. “This speed was extremely
high and kind of shocking,” says astrophysicist Terry. It introduces a series of questions about the survivability of
these types of systems.
This galactic speed “monster” appears to center on a red dwarf star (红矮星) which is smaller and less bright
than our sun. It’s about 24,500 light years from Earth and some 1,500 light years away from our galaxy’s center.
Astronomers discovered the star and a suspected accompanying planet after a 2011 “microlensing” event called
MOA-2011-BLG-262, when the system passed in front of a background star and bent the latter’s light. Terry and
his colleagues observed the system again in 2021. They found that its known planet is most likely a gas giant with
about 29 times Earth’s mass that orbits its star at a distance between those at which Venus and Earth orbit our sun.
The researchers also mapped the system’s position in the 2021 data relative to where it was about a decade
prior, revealing how fast it traveled. It might be a hyper-speed star system, an example of a rare class of
astronomical objects that have been sped up by past encounters with other stars’ gravity — or even by a
gravitational slingshot (弹弓) from the supermassive black hole at the center of our galaxy. These objects travel
faster than 500 kilometers a second, and the speediest known one travels at over 2,000 kilometers a second.
“It’s an extraordinary category of stars,” Terry says, estimating that the system in this study more than
doubled its speed after its own dramatic encounter. “No previous hyper-speed stars have been found with planets.
This might open up a new study of the origin and evolution of planets around very high-speed stars,” he adds.
5．What does the underlined word “laggard” in the first paragraph refer to?
A．Something moving slowly.
B．Something becoming famous.
C．Something traveling endlessly.
D．Something looking incomparable.
6．What can we learn about the “monster” from paragraph 2?
A．Its star is much brighter than our sun.
B．Its planet’s mass is identical to Venus’s.
C．It’s a system discovered through its own light.
D．It’s closer to the galactic center than Earth.
7．What does Terry think of the discovery?
A．It is accidental. B．It is common.
C．It is pioneering.
D．It is strange.
8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．The Milky Way Galaxy’s Center
B．The Solar System’s Bright Stars
C．The Fastest Astronomical Objects
D．The Planetary System Speed Record
Passage 3 阅读七选五
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China published the world’s first high-definition lunar geologic atlas on April 21. This is the first major
update of this fundamental lunar data since NASA’s Apollo Program in the 1960s and early 1970s.
According to the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), the lunar geologic maps are available in both
Chinese and English.
1
“Current moon research still depends on the atlas developed during the Apollo era. However, those maps can
no longer meet future needs as studies advance,” the CAS said.
The new maps of the moon are provided on a 1:2.5 million scale.
2
On the main map, 14 types of
structures and 17 types of rocks can be seen on the moon. A total of 12,341 impact craters and 81 impact basins
are also labeled.
The atlas has been uploaded to the digital lunar cloud platform built by Chinese scientists, according to the
CAS. It will help in landing site selection, resource exploration and path planning for China’s future efforts to
explore the moon.
3
“The lunar geologic atlas will also play a role in selecting a site for a planned lunar station,” said leading
researcher Ouyang Ziyuan. He is considered the “founding father” of China’s lunar program.
“It can also help us better understand the Earth and other planets in the solar system, such as Mars,” he
added.
Ouyang started the lunar mapping project in 2012, along with fellow geologist Liu Jianzhong. The research
team also includes scientists from several research institutions (机构)and universities in China.
4
Since 2014, the country has sent a series of orbiters (轨道飞行器), landers (着陆器)and rovers
(月球车)to the moon. In addition, the scientists referenced previous data and research from outside China.
Liu stressed that the atlas is an “exemplary” achievement in the field of lunar science.
“This represents China's contribution to the study of the origin and evolution of the moon,” he said. “
5
”
A．The work is mainly built on data from China’s Chang’e program.
B．Every question in geology starts with looking at a geological map.
C．Apart from such scientific purposes, it will also serve as a tool for science education.
D．Compared with the previous versions on a scale of 1:5 million, they offer more details.
E．They will provide up-to-date scientific references for future lunar research and exploration.
F．It provides useful information for setting scientific goals and carrying out the lunar exploration projects.
G．He says the atlas provides insight into the moon's history, its resource distribution and possible future
exploration.
Passage 4 完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2026·重庆市沙坪坝区重庆市第八中学校2 入学考试） Six years as a space reporter taught me that
chaos rules everything. Nothing is completely predictable or controlled. I have watched enough go wrong to know
that no view of a celestial (天空的) event is ever truly promised to us
1
on the Earth.
So when my mother and I decided to drive out to Erie, Pennsylvania, to see the April 8 total solar eclipse (日
全食) this year, I knew this would be a trip of two
2
attitudes. I’d be
3
about the weather and
convinced we’d be victims of the randomness that governs the world while my mom would have strong faith that
order would
4
and the skies would let us glimpse an eclipse like this for the first time in our lives. I told
her not to
5
the universe for this one; she told me she wouldn’t depend on anything else.
I was once again humbled into a
6
I’ve learned time and time again — Mama knows best. Erie’s
forecast that morning was looking
7
, but by the time first contact between the sun and the moon began a
little after 2 p.m., the clouds over the city’s bay began to clear. The pale yellow sun under the eclipse lenses rapidly
crested (达到顶峰), concentrating into a
8
orange glow.
The eclipse
9
at 3:16 p.m. A thin white glow pierced out from the edge of a clean black circle. The
sunset-like
10
glowed and bloomed in the distance. I could spot solar prominences (日珥) sticking out
from the sides of the
11
in slightly bright red and pink. Jupiter and Venus also played roles in this
performance. It felt like bearing
12
to something close to a miracle.
Four minutes later, the eclipse
13
. The sun brightened again. And the clouds
14
violently, swallowing up the moon and the sun and the sky in gray. But for four incredible minutes, the universe
seems to have
15
a promise to my mother.
1．A．analysts
B．investigators
C．astronauts
D．observers
2．A． consistent
B．amusing
C．conflicting
D．agreeable
3．A．pessimistic
B．confused
C．optimistic
D．curious
4．A．lose
B．delay
C．fail
D．win
5．A．feed on
B．take on
C．settle on
D．count on
6．A．plan
B．lesson
C．practice
D．skill
7．A．usual
B．terrible
C．average
D．beautiful
8．A．dull
B．faint
C．weak
D．fierce
9．A．disappeared
B．struck
C．died
D．exploded
10．A．colors
B．shapes
C．circuits
D．scenes
11．A．sky
B．sun
C．moon
D．star
12．A．witness
B．tolerance
C．relation
D．reference
13．A．continued
B．progressed
C．ended
D．ticked
14．A．returned
B．quit
C．left
D．faded
15．A．lost focus on
B．lived up to
C．took account of
D．kept track of
Passage 5 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On February 11, 2026, China successfully
1
(carry) out a key flight test for its manned lunar
exploration program at the Wenchang Space Launch Site in Hainan Province. During the test, the Long March-10
completed a low-altitude
2
(demonstrate) flight. When reaching the conditions at maximum dynamic
pressure, the Mengzhou return capsule received the command from the rocket and successfully separated as
3
(plan). It was China’s first successful at-sea recovery of both a rocket stage and a crewed spacecraft capsule.
The test marked the first flight of the Long March-10 in its prototype (原型) form.
4
called a “low-
altitude test”, the first stage literally reached about 105 kilometers — well above the Karman line (卡门线), the
recognized boundary of space. That’s
5
same altitude it will reach in real lunar missions. The test proved
that the rocket's first stage could fly and land as designed. It also showed that the spacecraft’s escape system
worked
6
(reliable) under difficult flight conditions. In addition, the test demonstrated smooth
cooperation among the rocket, spacecraft, ground control,
7
sea recovery system.
This important success lays a solid technical foundation
8
the development of future flight models
and
9
(bring) China closer to its goal of
10
(send) astronauts to the moon before 2030.
