高一英语必修一 语言能力全景解读:9 语言能力专项训练(70 题)

按"语音 → 词汇 → 语法 → 语篇 → 语用 → 写作"六个板块编排。

A · 语音与拼读（8 题）

A1. 选出重音位置与其他三个不同的单词。

A. volunteer　B. debate　C. challenge　D. police

（提示：先标出每个词的重音音节）

答案：C。challenge 重音在第一个音节 /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/；其余三个重音均在第二个音节：volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə/、debate /dɪˈbeɪt/、police /pəˈliːs/。

A2. 写出下列单词的重音所在音节（用下划线标出重读音节）。

① accommodation　② destination　③ determination　④ electricity

① ac-commo-DA-tion（/əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃn/）　

② DES-ti-na-tion（/ˌdestɪˈneɪʃn/）

③ de-ter-mi-NA-tion（/dɪˌtɜːmɪˈneɪʃn/）　

④ e-lec-TRI-ci-ty（/ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/）

规律：-tion 结尾的词，重音落在其前一个音节。

A3. 找出每组中画线部分读音不同的一个。

① A. think　B. this　C. three　D. breath

② A. very　B. love　C. well　D. drive

① B。this 的 th 读浊音 /ð/，其余读清音 /θ/。

② C。well 的 w 读 /w/，其余为 /v/。这是典型的 /v/–/w/ 不分。

A4. 判断正误：单词重音改变时，词性也可能改变。请各举一例。

正确。典型例子：

REcord /ˈrekɔːd/ n. 唱片　↔　reCORD /rɪˈkɔːd/ v. 录制

PREsent /ˈpreznt/ n. 礼物 / adj. 出席的　↔　preSENT /prɪˈzent/ v. 呈现

INcrease /ˈɪnkriːs/ n. 增加　↔　inCREASE /ɪnˈkriːs/ v. 增加

规律：双音节的同形词，名词/形容词重音多在前，动词重音多在后。

A5. 下列短语在连贯语流中，哪些会发生连读？选出所有符合的项。

A. turn off　B. black board　C. an apple　D. sit down　E. look at it

A、C、E 会发生连读（前词以辅音结尾，后词以元音开头）： turn_off、an_apple、look_at_it。

B 的 blackboard 与 D 的 sit down 属于失去爆破（两个爆破音相邻，前一个只做口型不发音：bla(ck)board、si(t) down），不是连读。二者常被混淆。

A6. 用升调还是降调？请为下列句子标注（↑ 或 ↓）。

① It's a fine day, isn't it ___?（说话人真的想确认）

② It's a fine day, isn't it ___?（说话人只是想对方附和）

③ What is your name ___?

① ↑（附加疑问句用升调表示"真的在问、没有把握"）

② ↓（附加疑问句用降调表示"胸有成竹，只求附和"）

③ ↓（特殊疑问句用降调）

这是 U3 附加疑问句的语音考点，也是听力态度推断题的常见线索。

A7. 标出句子重音：下面这句话在正常语速下，通常只有三个词重读，请圈出来。

I have been learning English for almost ten years.

重读词：learning、English、ten（I have been 与 for almost 均弱读）。

原理：实词（名、动、形、副、数词）重读，虚词（代、冠、介、助动词、be 动词）弱读。抓住重读词就抓住了句子的信息核心——这是听力提速的关键。

A8. 给下列必修一词标注重音所在的音节（只需写第几个音节）。

① athlete　② unique　③ symbol　④ disaster　⑤ rescue

① 第 1 音节 /ˈæθliːt/　② 第 2 音节 /juˈniːk/　③ 第 1 音节 /ˈsɪmbl/　④ 第 2 音节 /dɪˈzɑːstə/　⑤ 第 1 音节 /ˈreskjuː/

易错：unique 的重音在第二音节（ju-nique），很多同学误读成第一音节。

B · 词汇与词块（18 题）

B1–B8. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空（词性转换）。

B1. He was seriously __________ (injure) in the accident and was sent to hospital at once.

B2. The task is so __________ (challenge) that few students can finish it on time.

B3. She speaks English so __________ (fluent) that everyone admires her.

B4. We should face the difficulties with courage and __________ (determine).

B5. It's __________ (suit) for beginners to start with short passages.

B6. He is a __________ (care) boy, so he always makes careless mistakes.（提示：注意句意方向）

B7. Chinese __________ (civilise) has continued all the way through into modern times.

B8. The city lay in __________ (ruin) after the earthquake.

B1. injured（be + adj. 作表语）　

B2. challenging（修饰事物用 -ing）　

B3. fluently（修饰动词 speak 用副词）　

B4. determination（与 courage 并列，需名词）

B5. suitable（be suitable for 固定搭配）　

B6. careless（句意为"粗心的"，加 -less）　

B7. civilisation / civilization（作主语，需名词）　

B8. ruins（in ruins 固定搭配，必须用复数）

要点：B6 是典型的"意义定正反"题，不能只看词形。

B9–B13. 选词填空（注意词块搭配）。供选词块：sign up for / be addicted to / make a difference / date back to / in ruins

B9. More and more teenagers __________ their smartphones, which worries their parents.

B10. The small act of kindness can __________ to someone's whole life.

B11. This tradition can __________ the Tang Dynasty, over a thousand years ago.

B12. After the earthquake, the whole town lay __________.

B13. I've decided to __________ the advanced literature course next term.

B9. are addicted to　

B10. make a difference　

B11. date back to　

B12. in ruins　

B13. sign up for

注意：B9 需按主语变位（teenagers 为复数 → are）；B11 情态动词 can 后接动词原形；B12 中 ruin 必须用复数形式 ruins。

B14–B18. 单项选择：选出可以替换画线部分且句意基本不变的一项。

B14. The rescue team arrived at last after a long and difficult journey.

A. in the end　B. at least　C. at first　D. at once

B15. I prefer staying at home to going out on rainy days.

A. would rather...than　B. like...better than　C. enjoy...as well as　D. hate...more than

B16. His hard work led to his success.

A. resulted from　B. resulted in　C. came from　D. lay in

B17. Written Chinese is an important means by which China's present is connected with its past.

A. method　B. tool　C. way　D. symbol

B18. Don't give up halfway, and you will make it.

A. stop doing it　B. put it off　C. try it out　D. take it up

B14. A（at last = in the end = finally）　

B15. B（prefer A to B = like A better than B）　

B16. B（lead to = result in 导致；注意 A 的 result from 意为"由……引起"，方向相反）　

B17. C（means = way 方式；means 单复数同形）　

B18. A（give up = stop doing）

易错：B16 的 result from 与 result in 方向完全相反，是高考高频辨析点。

C · 语法专项（30 题）

C1–C5. 判断下列句子属于哪种基本句型（填序号）。

A. S+V　B. S+V+O　C. S+V+P　D. S+V+IO+DO　E. S+V+O+C

C1. The sun rises in the east. __________

C2. This book is very interesting. __________

C3. My mother bought me a new backpack. __________

C4. We elected him our monitor. __________

C5. I enjoy listening to English songs. __________

C1. A（rise 为不及物动词）　

C2. C（is 为系动词）　

C3. D（me 为间接宾语，a new backpack 为直接宾语）　

C4. E（our monitor 补充说明 him）　

C5. B

判别法：C3 中 "bought me" 与 "bought a backpack" 都能成立 → 双宾语；C4 中 "elected him" 不成立 → 宾补。

C6–C9. 指出下列句子中画线短语的类型（NP / AdjP / AdvP）。

C6. The cute boy in blue jeans is my brother. __________

C7. The bottle is full of water. __________

C8. He spoke so quickly that nobody could understand him. __________

C9. I have three close friends. __________

C6. NP（限定词 + 形容词 + 中心名词 + 介词短语后置）　

C7. AdjP（形容词 + 介词短语，作表语）　

C8. AdvP（副词 + 副词，修饰动词 spoke）　

C9. NP（数词 + 形容词 + 中心名词）

C10–C13. 用括号内动词的适当形式填空（现在进行时 / 其他将来表达）。

C10. Look! The students __________ (discuss) their after-school clubs now.

C11. I __________ (fly) to Beijing tomorrow to take part in a competition.

C12. Hurry up! The train __________ (leave) at 8:30 and it's already 8:25.

C13. He __________ always __________ (complain) about the food in the dining hall, which annoys everyone.

C10. are discussing（Look! 提示此刻正在进行）　

C11. am flying（已安排好的近期行程，用现在进行时表将来）　

C12. leaves（时刻表上的固定时间，用一般现在时表将来）　

C13. is...complaining（be always doing 表示抱怨）

易错：C12 有同学会写 is leaving——语法上不算错，但"按时刻表运行"用一般现在时更地道，且若填空只允许一词则只能填 leaves。

C14. 单句改错（每句一处）。

① He is often playing basketball on weekends.

② We go to the cinema this evening.

③ I am knowing him very well.

① is often playing → often plays。often 表示习惯性动作，用一般现在时。

② go → are going。表示已计划好的出行安排，用现在进行时表将来。

③ am knowing → know。know 是状态动词，一般不用进行时。

C15–C20. 完成下列附加疑问句。

C15. It's not a real sport, __________ __________?

C16. That sounds interesting, __________ __________?

C17. He hardly ever skips exercise, __________ __________?

C18. Let's have a break, __________ __________?

C19. Don't stay up late, __________ __________?

C20. Nothing is serious, __________ __________?

C15. is it（前否后肯）　

C16. doesn't it（陈述部分是肯定句，sounds 为实义动词三单，主语 That → it）　

C17. does he（hardly 为隐形否定词 → 后肯）　

C18. shall we（Let's 永远配 shall we）　

C19. will you（否定祈使句只用 will you）　

C20. is it（Nothing 为否定词，且为指物的不定代词 → it）

口诀回顾：前肯后否、前否后肯、前名后代、时态一致。

C21–C22. 回答下列附加疑问句（注意中文与英文的"是/不"相反）。

C21. — You don't like cycling, do you?　

        — __________, __________ __________.（不，我喜欢。）

C22. — They didn't win the match, did they?　

        — __________, __________ __________.（是的，他们没赢。）

C21. Yes, I do.（事实是"喜欢" → 用 Yes + 肯定结构；中文译作"不，我喜欢"）

C22. No, they didn't.（事实是"没赢" → 用 No + 否定结构；中文译作"是的，他们没赢"）

核心原则：回答只看客观事实，不看问句形式。

C23–C28. 用适当的关系代词填空（who / whom / which / that / whose）。

C23. The girl __________ is standing there is my deskmate.

C24. This is the most interesting book __________ I have ever read.

C25. The house __________ windows face south is my grandma's.

C26. Do you know the boy __________ father is a scientist?

C27. All __________ you need is more practice.

C28. They talked about the persons and things __________ they still remembered.

C23. who（先行词是人，作主语）　

C24. that（先行词被最高级修饰 → 只用 that）　

C25. whose（表示"房子的窗户"，作定语）　

C26. whose（"男孩的父亲"）　

C27. that（先行词是 All → 只用 that）　

C28. that（先行词既有人又有物 → 只用 that）

口诀：只用 that 的五种情况——不（不定代词）、序（序数词）、最（最高级）、唯（the only/the very）、人（既有人又有物）。

C29–C34. 用适当的关系词填空（关系副词或"介词 + 关系代词"）。

C29. I will never forget the day __________ I joined the English club.

C30. The factory __________ my uncle works is far away from our town.

C31. The reason __________ he was late is that he missed the bus.

C32. This is the place __________ (= in which) the famous writer was born.

C33. You may get into a situation __________ you have to make a quick decision.

C34. The man __________ __________ I spoke just now is our new teacher.

C29. when（= on which，先行词是 day，从句成分完整）　

C30. where（= in which，"在工厂工作"，从句完整）　

C31. why（= for which，先行词只有 reason 才用 why）　

C32. where　

C33. where（抽象地点：situation）　

C34. to whom（speak to sb → 介词 to；指人且位于介词后 → 只能用 whom，不能用 that/who）

判断口诀：从句缺主语、宾语、表语 → 关系代词；从句成分完整只缺状语 → 关系副词。

C35. 单句改错（定语从句）。

① This is the house where I visited last year.

② He is one of the students who has passed the exam.

③ The man to who I spoke is my teacher.

④ I don't like the way which he talks to his parents.

① where → which/that（visit 是及物动词，缺宾语 → 用关系代词，也可省略）

② has → have（one of the + 复数名词作先行词，从句谓语用复数）

③ who → whom（介词后指人只能用 whom）

④ which → that / in which，或删去（先行词是 the way 时，用 that / in which 或省略关系词）

D · 语篇与衔接（5 题）

D1–D5. 七选五（改编自必修一话题）。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to Get Used to Senior High School Life

Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge. The courses are harder, the schedule is tighter, and everyone seems busier than before. D1. ______

First, make a plan and stick to it. Senior high school gives you much more free time, which can be a good thing or a bad thing. D2. ______ A weekly plan helps you see what really matters and keeps you from wasting time on things of little importance.

D3. ______ Joining a club is one of the easiest ways to meet people who share your interests. Whether you love debating, basketball or photography, there is almost always a club for you.

Third, don't be afraid to ask for help. D4. ______ Your teachers and school adviser are there exactly for this purpose, and talking to them often solves in ten minutes what might trouble you for a week.

Finally, be patient with yourself. Nobody gets everything right in the first month. D5. ______ Before long, you will look back and find that the challenge has made you stronger.

A. Second, get involved in school activities.

B. Many students find it hard to balance study and rest.

C. Here are some suggestions that may help.

D. Without a plan, it is easy to feel lost and fall behind.

E. It is a sign of weakness to turn to others for help.

F. Keep trying, and you will gradually find your own rhythm.

G. Asking questions is not a sign of weakness but a way to learn.

D1. C　D2. D　D3. A　D4. G　D5. F；多余选项：B、E。

解析：

D1 —— 位于第一段结尾，是承上启下的总起句；C 中 "some suggestions" 预告下文的分点结构。

D2 —— 空前说"自由时间多可能是好事也可能是坏事"，空后说"周计划的好处"，中间需要一个"没有计划的坏处"，D 完美衔接（plan 为原词复现）。

D3 —— 位于段首，是主题句；格式上应与 First / Third / Finally 并列，A 的 "Second" 直接给出答案。

D4 —— 空前"不要害怕求助"，G 正面承接并与空后内容一致；E 说"求助是软弱的表现"，与段意相反，是典型干扰项。

D5 —— 空前"对自己耐心些"，F 的 "Keep trying" 语义一致，rhythm 与 "find your own" 呼应。

E · 语用与得体（5 题）

E1–E5. 选择最恰当的表达（注意场合与对象）。

E1. 你想请校长为你的社团活动写推荐信，最得体的是：

A. Can you write a recommendation letter for me?

B. I'd appreciate it if you could write a recommendation letter for me.

C. Write a recommendation letter for me, will you?

D. You must write a recommendation letter for me.

E2. 朋友告诉你他考试没考好，你回应：

A. That's your problem.　

B. Cheer up! You'll do better next time.

C. It doesn't concern me.　

D. You should have studied harder.

E3. 下列哪一句是中式英语，应避免？

A. Please turn off the light before you leave.

B. I like English very much.

C. In my opinion, this plan is worth trying.

D. Although he is young, but he is very responsible.

E4. 你收到外国友人的礼物，最得体的回应是：

A. You're welcome.　B. Thank you so much! It's exactly what I wanted.

C. No, I can't accept it.　D. It's not expensive, is it?

E5. 你要在正式邮件中向笔友说明建议信的目的，最合适的是：

A. I'm writing to give you some suggestions on how to learn Chinese.

B. Hey, I've got some ideas for you.

C. You'd better listen to me.

D. Why not do what I say?

E1. B（对象越不熟悉、请求越麻烦，语气越要间接。A 太随意，C 像命令，D 无礼。）

E2. B（安慰功能，应当正面、鼓励。D 属于"马后炮"，语用上不礼貌。）

E3. D（Although 与 but 不能同时使用，应删去其一。）

E4. B（收到礼物应直接致谢。A 的 You're welcome 只用于回应感谢；C 的生硬拒绝在跨文化场景中易被误解为不友好；D 询问价格不礼貌。）

E5. A（正式邮件的建议功能句。B 过于口语，C、D 语气强硬。）

F · 写作（2 题）

F1. 应用文（15 分）

假定你是李华，你的英国笔友 Peter 刚升入高中，来信说他在适应新环境方面遇到了困难。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：

表示理解与安慰；

提出两条具体建议并说明理由；

表达祝愿。

要求：词数 80 左右；可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。

Dear Peter,

I'm sorry to learn that you are having trouble adapting to your new school life. Actually, it is quite natural to feel that way at first.

First of all, I suggest you join a school club, because it offers you a chance to meet people who share your interests. Besides, why not turn to your school adviser whenever you feel lost? They are there exactly for this purpose. Most importantly, be patient with yourself — nobody gets everything right in the first month.

I sincerely hope my advice will be of help to you. Wish you a happy high school life!

Yours,

Li Hua

亮点解析：

结构：三段式。第一段"共情 + 写信目的"，第二段"建议 + 理由"，第三段"祝愿"。要点齐全，层次分明。

衔接：First of all → Besides → Most importantly，逻辑清晰，是应用文连贯分的保证。

句式：宾语从句（that you are having trouble...）、定语从句（who share your interests）、状语从句（because / whenever）、祈使句（why not...）交替使用，避免通篇简单句。

词块：have trouble doing sth. / adapt to / be of help to / be patient with，全部来自必修一。

F2. 读后续写微写作（15 分）

情境：地震过后，救援队在一片废墟中发现了一名被困的小女孩。续写两段，每段约 60–80 词。

已给出段首句：

Paragraph 1：The rescue workers began to dig carefully through the rubble.

Paragraph 2：Hours later, the girl was finally pulled out safely.

Paragraph 1

The rescue workers began to dig carefully through the rubble. Hardly daring to breathe, they removed the broken bricks piece by piece, afraid that any careless move might cause the walls to fall again. Beneath the darkness, a weak voice came — it was the girl, still alive. A wave of relief swept over the workers. "Hold on! We're coming!" one of them shouted, his voice shaking with excitement.

Paragraph 2

Hours later, the girl was finally pulled out safely. Tears welled up in her eyes as she looked around at the strangers who had risked their lives for her. The crowd burst into cheers, and some people hugged each other tightly, unable to say a word. It was at that moment that everyone believed — no matter how cruel the disaster was, kindness would always find its way through the ruins.