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2 0 2 5 年 全 国 教 师 资 格
主讲老师 李婉君
粉笔教师教育 粉笔教师P43
形 容 词 、 副 词
、
adjective adverbP43
一 、形容 词（一 ）形容 词 作定 语
P44
形容词作定语通常前置， 但在下列情况后置：
① 修饰 some, any, every, no 和 body, thing, one 等构成的复合不定代词时
• nobody absent, everything possible
② 以-able, -ible 结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only 修饰的名词之后
• the best book available；the only solution possible
③ alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep 等可以后置
• the only person awake
④ 和空间、时间、纪录、计量单位等连用时 a bridge 50 meters long
⑤ 成对的形容词可以后置 a huge room simple and beautiful
定语较长
⑥ 形容词短语一般后置 a man difficult to get on with（二 ）多 个 形容 词 修饰同 一 个 名 词
P44
记忆口诀：县官叔叔美小圆旧黄，法国木书房
Ø two beautiful new green silk dress
Ø an old brick dining hall• One day they crossed the _________ bridge behind the palace.
A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone
C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old
• The program of the channel was so _________. You can tell by everyone’s _________ face.
A. boring; boring B. bored; boring
C. boring; bored D. bored; bored二 、副 词
P44
了解即可三 、形容 词 和副词 的比较 等 级
P45
同 级比较
比较 级比较
最 高 级比较
无 比较 级和最 高 级的词1. 同 级比较
P45
(1) 肯定句“as+形容词/副词原级+as”
【例】She is as beautiful as her sister.
(2) 否定句“not so/as +形容词/副词原级+as”
【例】I am not so/as good a player as you are.
(3) the same...as （和……一样），as后一般接名词、介词或相关短语等
【例】This is the same pen as I lost last week.
(4) A is to B what/as C is to D
【例】Reading is to the mind what/as exercise is to the body.比较 级比较
2.
P45
五多 得多
much, a lot, a great deal, far, by far “.. ”
三少 ， 一点儿
a bit, a little any “ ”
三更加 更，更加
still, even, yet “ ”最 高 级常 见 用 法
3.
P46
（1）表示“在……范围之内，最……”最高级与介词短语 in/of 连用 This is the oldest theater in London.
（2）• 【巩固提升2】If we had followed his plan, we could have done the job better with ________
money and ________ people.
A. less; less B. fewer; fewer
C. less; fewer D. fewer; less• 【巩固提升3】This is not ________ they had expected after years of painstaking research.
A. a result as bad as B. as a result as bad
C. as bad as a result D. as bad a result as
• 【巩固提升4】The black horse is ________ of the pair.
A. the strongest B. the stronger
C. the strong D. quite strong部分 形容 词 无 比较 级和最 高 级
4.
P46
表示“最高程度”和“比较”的形容词没有最高级和比较级。
如：favorite, excellent, extreme, perfect , senior, junior，superior， inferior等。
这些形容词沒有比较级和最高级的形式。
•
He is superior/inferior to the other boys in his class.（二 ）固 定 结 构用 法 归 纳
P46
与数词连用，表示“多于”“超
I’ve known him for more than twenty years.
过”=over
通常后接名词,表示“不只是，不仅
He is more than a father to her.
仅是”
more
后接adj. adv. 表示“极其，非常”，相
He was more than upset by the accident.
than
当于副词very/much
“难以，完全不能”（后常连情态动词
That is more than I can tell (=I can’t tell that).
can）
与动词 like,love 等连用，表示“更，更
I like tennis more than I like football.
加“（二 ）固 定 结 构用 法 归 纳
P47
表示“比……更多”(more 是many/much Last year there were more births
的比较级) than deaths.
表示“比…更” （此时 more后接多音节
Travelling by train is more relaxing
形容词或副词，构成比较级，表示对两
than by driving.
more... 者进行比较）
than...
表示“与其说B……不如说A”
more A than B
（此时不是对两个对象进比 He is more lucky than clever.
较，而是对同一个人或物两
个不同方面进行比较或取舍）• -Don't you think Carl was brave to go wingsuit flying?
-Personally, I think he was ______. He shouldn't have risked his life to do so.
A. as mad as brave B. madder than braver
C. more mad than brave D. brave rather than mad倍数表达法
• A+be+倍数+ 形容词（或副词）的比较级+than+B
【例】This hall is five times bigger than our classroom.
• A+be+倍数+as+形容词（或 much）或副词+as+B
【例】This big stone is three times as heavy as that one.
• A+be+倍数+the+size(length,height...)+of+B
【例】This hill is four times the height of that small one.
• The+size(length,height...)of+A+be+ 倍数+that+of+B
【例】The height of this hill is four times that of that small one.【巩固提升1】After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced ________
tractors in 1988 as the year before.
A. as twice many B. as many twice
C. twice as many D. twice many asP48
介 词
Preposition一 、介 词 的分 类
P48
了解即可二 、常 用 介 词 的用 法（一 ）表 示时 间
1.后接时间点，即钟点、时刻等; (1) He will arrive at six.
at 2.表示“在...岁时”。 (2) She got married at twenty.
3.在一些时间短语中，表时间段 (3) at Christmas
(1) We met each other on Monday.
(2) on September 20th
at/on/in
1.具体的日期、星期几;
on (3) on Friday afternoon/on a cold
2.某日的上午、下午、晚上。
winter morning
(4) on Christmas day
in 表示具体的某个年份/月份/季节 We came to Guangzhou in July, 2009.• 【2018上初中】Out of everyone’s expectation, Johnson suddenly returned _______ a rainy
night.
A. at B. in C. on D. during
• Children get gifts __________ Christmas and ___________ their birthdays.
A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on（二 ）表 示地点
P50
1. 表示地理位置的 in, at, on, to
in+大地点 When did your father arrive in Hebei/China?
at+小地点 When did your father arrive at the airport/bus station?
2. 与方位词east,west,south,north等连用时， on 强调接邻， in 表示“在内部”，to 表示相离
Mongolia lies on the north of China.(毗邻)
Fujian lies in the southeast of China. ( 范围之内 )
to
in on
Japan lies to the east of China.(范围之外）
3.表示物体位置的 on, in
The apple is on the table./Fish swim in the sea.P50
4. 表示“穿过”: through, across, over
• through表示从内部“穿过”，与in有关。
They are driving through the forest.
The bird is flying through the window.
• across表示在表面上“跨过”， 与on有关。
The child will go across the road after the lights turn green.
• over表示从上面“越过”。
They climbed over the hill.• 【巩固提升1】Qingdao lies _______ the south of Shandong Province, _______ the north of
Shanghai, and _______ the eastern coast of China.
A. on; in; off B. in; to; on C. in; on; off D. to; off; on
• Sean has formed the habit of jogging ________ the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day.
A. between B. along C. below D. with（三 ）表 示方 式 、手 段 、工 具
P50
还可加身体器官，with both hands（四 ）表 示材 料
P50
•
make A of / from B
•
A is made of / from B（五 ）表 示穿 着
P51• 【巩固提升3】This table is made ________ four legs. Each leg is made ________ wood.
A. from; of B. up of; of
C. up of; from D. of; from
• 【2017上高中】The man ______ the dark glasses fled away from the spot very rapidly.
A. in B. at C. of D. by三 、其 他介 词 的区 别 与 用 法
P51
一 、
except, except for, besides
与
1. except except for
• ：同类事物的排除，不用于句首，可接 等引导的从句
except that, what, when
• 从整体中排除一个细节（与主语非同类 可用于句首
except for ),
【例 】
1 Every one of us, except Jim, went to watch the basketball match.
【例 】
2 Except for one old lady, the bus was empty.
【例 】
3 He’s good-looking except when he smiles.P51
与
2. besides except
表示一种累加关系，表示“除了 外， 还有 ”；
besides ..... ......
则表示一种排除关系， 意指“除了 之外， 不再有 ”
except .... .....
Besides his wife, his daughter also went to see him.
Nobody went to see him except his wife.【巩固提升2】—All the students in the class went to the Great Wall _______ Jack. Why?
—Because he was ill in hospital.
A. for B. besides
C. with D. except（二 ） 的用 法
beyond
P52
表示“（时间）过了，比 晚，迟于”。
1. ……
【例】
They arrived beyond nine o’clock.
表示“（位置）在 的那边，在 以外”。
2. …… ……
【例】
The small village is 20 miles beyond the town.
表示“（范围）超过，为 所不及”。
3. ……
【例】
The book is beyond me.
常见搭配：
4.
赞美不已 难以言表
beyond praise beyond expression
无法形容 毋庸置疑
beyond description beyond doubt
无法控制 无与伦比
beyond control beyond comparison• 【巩固提升4】—I wonder whether you can help me with the problem.
—Sorry, but it is ________ my power.
A. within B. in
C. to D. beyond
• Your composition is very good ______ a few spelling mistakes.
A. except for B. except
C. besides D. but for
