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考点 18 说明文类七选五
（解析版）
【命题解读】
实际上，“七选五”的题目选择不是个个都难，难就难在其中 1～3道特别的题目上，
这些题目或是因为蕴含的信息更为丰富，或是选项高度相似，或是逻辑关系相近，总让人
感到很是纠结。那么，此时学生就要学会利用种种重复信息，达到抽丝剥茧的效果。
【解题技能训练思维导图】原 词重复信息
原词复现是指一个句子中的关键词(常为动词、名词、形容词)会反复出现在文中的其他
句子中。这些词会以不同词类、词性、数、格、时态、语态等形式出现。如：“looks”与
“looking”“looked”；“go”与“going”“went”等。根据语言习惯，第一句的宾语往往是第二
句的主语，或者前后句有相同、重叠的词语。因此，要学会寻找空格前后句句中的相同关键
词。
【例】 [2021·全国卷甲]Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. 37.Less people than
that, and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes
uncontrollable.
__38__.They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.
A．Less people than that
B．Hold a clothing swap
C．If two people are competing
D．Just keep music playing throughout
E．Donate whatever clothes are left over
F．Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G．Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
解析：本题考查原词复现。本段空白后“They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to
carry their ‘new’ clothes home.”讲他们还应准备大量的可回收的袋子，来把“新”衣服带回
家。其中的“clothes”原词复现是解题提示，同时“new”表明衣服应该是好的，对应G选项
中的“clean”“in good condition”。
自主解答：________
代词重复信息
为了避免与上文提到的名词重复，用不同的代词指代上文提到的人、事物或事件。如：it指代单数名词、不可数名词、句子；they指代复数名词；ones泛指复数名词。还有反身代
词、指示代词、关系代词等。
【例】 [2021·浙江卷1月]Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all
customers stand in one long，snaking line—called a serpentine line—and serve each person at the
front with the next available register. __34__ This is what they do at most banks and fast-food
restaurants. With a serpentine line，a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people
who lined up behind it. Instead，it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout
overall.
A．Why does this always seem to happen to you?
B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?
C．Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E．How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
F．With three registers，this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G．But sometimes，as on a Sunday afternoon，the system gets particularly busy.
解析：本题考查上下文衔接。前一段提到如果商店中排起了三个结账的队伍，那么结账时
延误情况的出现是随机的。本段提到研究人员为解决这一问题，想出了一个好办法：让所
有人排成一队，排在最前面的人到可用的收银机处结账。F 项能很好地承接上文，同时F
项中的this method是空后This的指代对象，代词重复是一个很好的解题信号。
派生词重复信息
派生词重复信息是指文中选项位置的前后两句中出现意义相关的派生词，因表达的需要
而重复出现一到两次，重复出现的过程中，上下文存在着逻辑关系，起着前后衔接作用，这
有利于做题时锁定关键词，找出正确答案。
【例】 [2021·全国卷乙]And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you're
faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party，the only thing that always gets everyone talkingagain is to give the host a compliment (赞扬). __40__.Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake
is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
A．How do you know the host
B．The first step is to go exploring
C．If you ask the question “How did you get here？”
D．Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F．What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talking
G．He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
解析：考查上下文衔接。本段主要讲面对“dinner-party killer：awkward silence”(晚宴杀手：
尴尬的沉默)时应该怎么办。根据空前的“the only thing that always gets everyone talking again
is to give the host a compliment (赞扬)”可知，解决办法是赞扬晚宴的主人，G项“He or she is
the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most”(他或她是最能感受到这种尴
尬的人)符合语境。G选项中的“He or she”指代the host，“awkwardness”同义复现也是解题
提示。
同义重复信 息
此处的同义多指意义相同或相近的词、词组或句子，如room和space。
【例】 [2021·浙江卷1月]If there are three lines in the store，delays will happen randomly at
different registers. Think about the probability：__33__ So it's not just in your mind：Another line
probably is moving faster.
A．Why does this always seem to happen to you?
B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?
C.Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E．How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
F．With three registers，this method is much faster than the traditional approach.G．But sometimes，as on a Sunday afternoon，the system gets particularly busy.
解析：考查上下文衔接。空前的probability与D项中的chances和one in three呼应，同时D
项与空后一句“So it's not just in your mind：Another line probably is moving faster”呼应，符
合语境。
反 义重复信息
顾名思义，此处指上下文中有互为相反词义的单词、短语或者意思相反的句子。
【例】 [2021·全国卷甲]A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization
of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
·Invite 5 — 10 people so you have a nice selection. __37__， and there may not be enough things
to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
A．Less people than that
B．Hold a clothing swap
C．If two people are competing
D．Just keep music playing throughout
E．Donate whatever clothes are left over
F．Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G．Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
解析：根据本段空白处后文“more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable”，超过5－10人，
则无法控制，可知分号前后是两个相反意义的对比关系，根据反义信息“more than”，可以
推理得知空白处想表达人太少的含义。
【真题 1】【2022年新高考2卷】
Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made
easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
___16___ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to yourpaper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay
loose and free. ___17___ Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique
won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect.
___18___ Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a
wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the
jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway.
The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for
revision. ___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块)
of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is
too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor.
___20___ The resulting blank space invites you to revise.
A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
.
【答案】16 D 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。
【16题详解】
空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay,
put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen
leave the paper. (当你第一次想写一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写10到15分
钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，D选项“First of all,
learn the technique of nonstop writing. (首先，学习不间断写作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要
内容，可作为主题句，故选D。
【17题详解】
空前说“Stay loose and free. (保持宽松和自由。)”，空后说“Don’t worry about grammar orspelling. (不要担心语法和拼写。)”，因此空格处应说按心里想的写，自由发挥，B选项
“Let your pen follow the waves of thought. (让你的笔跟随思想的波浪。)”说明了按自己的思
路和想法来写，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
【18题详解】
空前说“The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect.
(下一个技巧是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说“Yet, by learning to live with
imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱)
paper. (然而，通过学习与不完美共存，你将避免自己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸
篓。)”，E选项“Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time. (太多的作家试图在
第一次就把草稿写好。)”中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write your draft”相呼应，说明了
有很多人想一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E选项承上启下，
符合语境，故选E。
【19题详解】
空前说“The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow
space for revision. (第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。)”，F选项
“Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise. (许多初来乍到的作者没有留出足
够的修改空间。)”中的“revise”和前面的“revision”一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且
其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相互呼应，因此F选项承上启下，
符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
空前说“After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can
enter your changes into your word processor. (当你修改你的草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继
续工作，你可以把你的修改输入到你的文字处理器中。)”，空后说“The resulting blank
space invites you to revise. (由此产生的空白允许您修改。)”，因此空格处应说输入到文字处
理器后应该做什么，G选项“Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on
triple-space. (然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同样将文本设置为三倍行距。)”说的是输入到
你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting blank space”相呼
应，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
【真题 2】【2022年全国乙卷】Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain
(保持) long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and
share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.
___36___.
·More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants
to be contacted and what method works best for you both. ___37___. There are alternatives to
constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
___38___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time
demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be
sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
· ___39___
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although
technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on
special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important
dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don’t rely on technology alone
___40___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious
effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-
face time together whenever possible.
A. Remember important dates
B. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
【答案】36. D 37. E 38. G 39. A 40. F【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。
【36题详解】
上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.”（平日繁忙，很难抽
的
出时间打电话。）讲 是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D项“尽量找个双方
都有空的时间去打电话，并坚持下去” 给出了解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题
意。故选D项。
【37题详解】
上文“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you
wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.”（确保你已经和你的朋友沟
通过，了解你们想要联系的频率，以及哪种方法对你们双方都最有效。）提到异地朋友之
间要商量沟通方式，E项“朋友需要谈论他们喜欢的交流方式”承接上文，进一步提出对
交流的方法的沟通，下文“There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as
leaving voice messages or having a group chat.”（除了持续的文字交流，还有其他选择，比
如留下语音信息或进行群聊。）对E项中的“methods of communication”进行了举例说明，
上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
【38题详解】
下文“The friend who is remaining”（留下来的朋友）和“The one in the new
environment”（在新环境中的那个）提到朋友的两个不同处境，G项“你可能是朋友中离
开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，
其中“the friend who left”和“the one who was left behind”分别对应下文“The one in the
new environment”和“The friend who is remaining”，所以G项符合题意。故选G项。
【39题详解】
分析文章结构可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五段的小标题。下
文“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.”（周年纪
念日和生日对于异地友谊而言是非常重要的。）讲的是诸如周年纪念日和生日等重要的日
子对于维系异地友谊是非常重要的，由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是A项
“记得重要的日子”，所以A项符合题意。故选A项。
【40题详解】设空处所在句子的后半句“but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require
more conscious effort to sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要
更加自觉地去维系。）讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与
设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通
过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句“require more conscious effort to
sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“social media”呼应了该段的小标题“Don’t rely on
technology alone”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technology”。故选F项。
【真题 3】【2022年1月浙江卷】
I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do,but I have made specific choices that allow
me to make the most of every day,and still feel happy and relaxed 31
Pick the most important
32 Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive . I chose the life of an
adviser because I like to work with companies ,but don’t want the life of a big company
CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle I want.
Combine your activities
Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends,family,work,play
,etc 33 Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner .Build your social life around
people in your work environment .Find people in your company who share common interests
and develop your career (职业）around the people and activities you love.
34
You would think learning takes more time from you,but actually there are always new
ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks,freeing you up for the most
important .Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there.
Lighten up
The world won’t come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things
undone .Celebrate progress and keep refining( 改 进 )toward a happy productive
existence 35 . Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.
A.Speed up
B.Be an active learnerC.Stop trying to balance time between them all
D.Make choices about what is meaningful in your life
E.The things you do well usually give you greater joy
F.Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time
G.This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook
【答案】FDCBG
第31题 考查行文逻辑。根据前文: but 1 have made specific choice that allow me to make
the most of every day…以及下文的各个小标题可知，第一段尾句为承上启下。 F意为：或
许这些建议能帮助你充分利用时间。符合逻辑，故答案选F。
第32题 考查行文逻辑。小标题为：选择最重要的东西。空格后说：把时间集中花在对你
来说是有趣和有意的事情上。前后是顺承关系，选项D 中选择有意义的事情。符合前后文
逻辑, 故答案选D。
第33题 考查行文逻辑。前文figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play,
etc._。后文Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.。C 选项中的代词them是承接指
代上下文内容，句意也是别再试图平衡这么多东西。符合行文逻辑，故答案选C。
第34题 考查主旨大意。后文说：你可能会认为学习需要花费你更多的时间，但实际上总
有新的方式可以节省你在日常任务上的时间，让你腾出时间去做最重要的是事情。要一直
寻找新的方式。反复提到的学习新的方式。B 选项意为：做一个积极的学习者。符合题意，
故答案选B。
第35题 考查行文逻辑：前文说：庆祝进步，不断改进。后文说：每一次完成都是一次小
小的胜利。G 选项中的make lists指代的就是清单中每一项完成就是小小的胜利。符合逻辑
故答案选G。
【真题 4】【2021年新高考1卷】My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 1 So the first thing we did was
rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny
that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn't entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the
plumbing （水管）worked. 2 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice
that said, "Ouverture des portes, " in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I
mastered, and it's a shame l don't have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone
noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain
weight. 3 French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in
your mouth like little flavor bombs.
4 On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to
pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little
sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they
cost ＄18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency （效率）. You can
tell this by café life. French cafés are always crowded. 5 When do these people work?
The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously—so seriously that some labor unions
recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that
independent contractors can be on call.
A.Not all the customers are tourists.
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G.The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.【文章大意】作者通过亲身体验，感受了法国高品质的生活：高级公寓，美味食物，舒缓
的生活节奏和每周35小时的工作时间。
【解析】
1 ：F。考查段中空。解题语句：前后句。分析题目可知，空后的 So表明该空与空后句为
因果逻辑关系，又根据空前句作者夫妇在法国度过了一周，可知，他们的目的是想体验法
国当地人的生活，所以他们租了一间公寓。故选F。
2 ：C。考查段中空。解题语句：前后句。分析题目可知，空前的 plumbing，空后的
building, lift是在介绍作者夫妇租住的公寓，与C选项中的kitchen和bed为同话题词复现。
故选C。
3 ：G。考查段中空。解题语句：空前句。分析题目可知，空前一句eat great food and never
gain weight与G选项中so delicious that you don't need much of it构成同义替换。故选G。
4 ：E。考查段首空。解题语句：空后句。分析题目可知，前文提到法国人与你我不同之处
在于他们吃的食物很精致，摄入量很少，所以他们的体重不会增加，空后提到作者夫妇的
一次经历，通过But they cost ＄18可知法国的食物很贵，这也是法国人食物摄入量少的另
外一个原因。故选E。
5 ：A。考查段中空。解题语句：前后句。分析题目可知，空前always crowded提到咖啡馆
里人很多，且French cafés与A选项中的customers为同话题词复现，又根据空后When do
these people work？以及The French可知咖啡馆的顾客中不光有游客，也有法国当地人。故
选A。
【真题 5】【2021年新高考2卷】
If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read
-probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will
appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. ____16____
·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which
supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. ____17____
____18____ Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help
you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten
minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run.
If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time.____19____ A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than
one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the
latter you may only be able to read one page.
Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. ____20____Note also the facts important for
your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You don't have to write these
things in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder .
A. Stop to have a rest now and then.
B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
C. This depends on the type of book you are reading.
D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance.
F. You may find yourself having to leam something by heart.
G. Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read
-probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will
appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly.（如果你唯一的阅读是小说或杂志，
那么你阅读的速度可能并不重要。但是，如果你必须大量阅读来学习，你就会感激能够更
快地阅读的好处。）”可知，接下来要介绍提高阅读速度的方法。D项：Here are some tips
to help improve your reading speed.（这里有一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。）符合语境。故
选D。
【17题详解】
根据本段主题句“Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable.（在你打开书
之前，确保你感到舒服。）”可知，本段主要说明要给自己创造舒适的阅读环境。G项：
Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.（保持房间凉爽而不是温暖以避免
困倦。）符合语境。故选G。
【18题详解】
空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapterheading,etc（查看目录、前言、章节标题等。）”可知，本段主要讲述在阅读一本书之前
要先浏览一下大致内容。B项：Spend a few minutes looking through the book.（花几分钟浏览
一下这本书。）符合语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at
a time.（如果你决定要读完整本书，决定一下你一次能读多少。）”和下文“A history book
which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific
subjects.（以故事形式包含事实的历史书比科学题材的书更容易阅读。）”可知，看书时间
的长短取决于书的类型。C项：This depends on the type of book you are reading.（这取决于
你读的书的类型。）符合语境。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据段落主题句“Always keep a pencil and paper beside you.（总是在身边放一支铅笔和一张
纸。）”可知，本段强调要随时注意记笔记。E项：Make a note of any page which is of special
importance.（把任何有特别重要的一页都记下来。）符合语境。故选E。
【真题 6】【2021年全国甲卷】
You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and
paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources （资源） to make, and buying
loads of new clothing (or throwing out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment. So
what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes
piled on your bedroom floor? 1 . It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score
clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event,
and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
• Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection. 2 , and there may not be enough
things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
• 3 . They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes
home.• Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. 4 . Place a few
mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One
of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they
take them —things always look different when you put them on.
• Set a starting time. Maybe you say "go, " or turn on a certain song, or
whatever. 5 . And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a
party!
A.Less people than that
B.Hold a clothing swap
C.If two people are competing
D.Just keep music playing throughout
E.Donate whatever clothes are left over
F.Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G.Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
【文章大意】：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何进行旧衣服的分类和处理，以使衣服
得到循环利用。
1 ：B。考查过渡句。空后句意为这是最好的方法摆脱你的旧衣服，得分从你的朋友，并有
一个聚会，所有在同一时间。此空前一句作者提出问题：那么如何处理那些状况良好但你
又不喜欢的堆在卧室地板上的衣服呢？再结合下一段开头 "A successful swap一个成功的交
换" ，故这里答案选B（举办服装交换派对）。
2 ：A。考查过渡句。根据分号后面的句式 "more than that, and…" , 说明空格应该选和其一
致的句式， "Less people than that" 正好对应了此句式。带入验证，翻译：人比这少，可能
没有足够的东西可供选择；不仅如此，它变得无法控制。可知正符合。故选A。
3 ：G。考查开头句。根据空后 "They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their
"new" clothes home. " 他们还应该准备大量可重复使用的袋子，把 "新" 衣服带回家。从also可以得知，大家应该把衣服带来，故选G。
4 ：F。考查过渡句。空前句意为把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不同地方。空后句意为在你
的房间周围放几面镜子，这样人们在试穿时就能看到东西的样子。由此推之，这里应该是
让大家把各自的衣服放在房间合适的地方，故选F。
5 ：D。考查过渡句。此空前一句意为 "或许你可以说开始或者打开某首歌曲或者别的什
么"。由此可以推之，这里应该是把音乐循环播放。故选D。
【真题 7】【2021年全国乙卷】
According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it's not difficult to
make yourself interesting at a dinner party.
1 , if you're out of your comfort zone or if you're wandering into somebody's
house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying
different foods and talking to strangers.
People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question
other than "What do you do for a living? ", you'll be able to get a lot more interesting
conversation out of whomever it is you're talking to. 2 , it can bring in "I have this
old, broken-down vehicle" or "I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at
silly jokes in the back." It just opens up conversation.
3 ? If you can't take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away
their soapbox（讲台）. If you're the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen
with something and just remove them from the situation. 4 .
And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you're faced with
an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again
is to give the host a compliment （赞扬）. 5 . Just quickly turn around and say,
"This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it."
So being interesting at a dinner party isn't that hard.
A.How do you know the hostB.The first step is to go exploring
C.If you ask the question "How did you get here?"
D.Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E.Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F.What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talking
G.He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在宴会上如何使自己变得有趣、避免尴尬和
沉默的一些具体做法，如积极地提出问题，赞美主人等。
【解析】
1 ：B。考查段首空。解题语句：空后段落内容。分析题目可知，空后的内容out of your
comfort zone, show up and be adventurous与B选项中go exploring构成同义替换。故选B。
2 ：C。考查段中空。解题语句：空后一句。分析题目可知，空后vehicle和bus均为交通方
式，又结合前文start the conversation with a question可知，该空应为提问客人是如何到达的。
故选C。
3 ：F。考查段首空。解题语句：空后一句。分析题目可知，空后一句 can't take their wine
away与F选项中too much to drink构成同义替换以及take away their soapbox与F选项中won't
stop talking构成同义替换。故选F。
4 ：E。考查段尾空。解题语句：空前一句。分析题目可知，前文 if you're the host, you
can…是在对应付饮酒过量或话很多的一类人提出的一种处理方式，E选项… where they
have little to say是在提出另外一种解决方式。故选E。
5 ：G。考查段中空。解题语句：空前一句。分析题目可知，前文提到碰到大家都沉默的情
况下，缓解尴尬的方式是对主人提出赞扬，空后给出具体方式。空前awkward silence与G
选项awkwardness构成同义替换，G选项中He or she指代前文host。故选G。
【真题 8】【2021年6月浙江卷】
You've got mail…and it's a postcardPaulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his
mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls.
Or China's Great Wall. 1
"I often send postcards to family and friends, " he says to China Daily, "but you can
imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not
everyone is into it, 2 " Seeking other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started
looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online, Many would say the Internet is a place for
people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo's hunch（直觉）paid
off.
Today his hobby has developed into the website postcrossing. com, a social network
that has grown to 575, 217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it
10 years ago. 3 Running the website has almost turned into a full-time job.
Language is certainly a barrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a
common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other.
As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if
one doesn't understand it. 4 So a common language is required and in postcrossing
that's English since it's widely spoken.
"Many people in China have limited exposure to Engish. 5 That said, we know
of many postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their
English skills through their use of postcrossing. " Paulo says.
A.And that's totally fine.
B.That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
C.He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby.
D.Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E.On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.F.Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the
fun away.
G.In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from
someone far away.
【文章大意】一位热爱明信片的电脑工程师把这项热爱发展成了他的全职事业，并介绍了
一些写明信片的困难和益处。
【解析】
1.G。考查与上文的联系。前文以具体形象的例子表现主人公对明信片的喜爱：loves
open…and find a brightly colored picture of…，or…or…，这些brightly colored pictures正是
明信片。因此，下一句进行总结。In short简言之，就是上文的概括，概括为loves
postcards and the excitement…喜欢明信片，喜欢收到远方朋友手写卡片的兴奋感。故选G
项。
2 ：A。考查前后文联系。上文说 "你意识到并不是每个人都喜欢明信片"，下文说 "寻找
其他志同道合的人……" 表示主人公接受上文所讲事实，然后才能和有共同兴趣的人继续
自己的爱好。A项 "这完全没问题" 正是表示主人公接受这一点。故选A项。
3 ：E。考查段落主旨和前后文联系。全段都在写主人公将自己的爱好发展成了一个成功
的社交网站。前文的各项数据也和E项的数据衔接自然，都是在介绍这个网站的成功；同
时，这些数据的量都很大，使得空白后 "运营这个网站几乎成了全职工作" 成为必然的结
果。故选E项。
4 ：F。考查段落主旨和前后文联系。全段都在写对于写明信片来说，语言可能是一个障碍。
4空前是具体的论据 "尽管收到一封用中文写的明信片很酷，但如果收信人不理解中文的
话，这个明信片就没什么意义" 。紧接着加F项 "类似地，如果你只讲中文，收到一封瑞
典语的明信片也会让乐趣大打折扣" 同样都是对段落主旨的论证，而在衔接上用了
similarly也很自然，故选F项。
5 ：B。考查与上文的联系。前文说 "很多中国人对英语的接触有限"，这导致用英语写明
信片比较难，正是B项所说 "那使得学习和练习写英语明信片尤其得难"。选项中That指代上文的句子；而句尾的it指代上一段段尾句English is required in postcrossing。B项与上
文衔接紧密，故选B项。
【真题 9】【2020·全国卷I】
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it… to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out
of reach. 36. Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●37. Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow
them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than
theirs? Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings,
our mistakes and our failures. 38. You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than
getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有
同情心) response? ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to
look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a
job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. 39.
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal.
Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words
back to yourself. 40. Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements.
See how awesome you are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where do you start?
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start?
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。
36.B 根据题目A Few Tips for Self-acceptance(自我接纳的几点建议)及下文的Here's a handfulof ways that will set you in the right direction.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，
选项B. Where do you start? (从哪里开始那？)最合下文语境，故选B项。
37.F 根据下文Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better
than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only one in this world.(你是否希望最终
你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个
世界上是独一无二的。)可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自
己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F. Stop comparing yourself with others.(停止把自己和
别人进行比较。)可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。
38. D根据本文的中心句Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. (原谅自己所犯的错
误。)及下文的You will make mistakes, time and time again. (你会一次又一次地犯错误。)可知
本句是在说明要讲自己看作一个普通人，普通人是会犯错的。选项 D. Remember, you are
only human.(记住，你只是个人。)与上下文衔接最好，故选D项。
39. C根据上文List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your
degree, and you got out of bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今
天你拜托了困境。)可知，这些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝，即没有什么事是太小
而不值得庆祝的。故选C项。
40.A 结合上文Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough. Now, read
these words back to yourself.(用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不
够好。现在，自己读一下这些话。)和下文的 Turn to a page in your journal to your list of
strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are? (翻到你日记本上记下你的优点和成就
的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)可推知本句是在说明“再次感到心烦意乱”的情况。选项A.
Feeling upset again?(再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选A项。
【真题 10】【2020·全国卷II】
Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions,
both at work and play. 36. . It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western
countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and
feeling, keeping intention clear. 37. , encouraging better and more frequent communication.In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common
ground in communication style can be a challenge. 38. . While the younger generations prefer to
communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a
learning curve(曲线). The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone(语气). Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it
ruined an entire day? 39. . Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note
can be softened with an encouraging smile.
40. , and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees
begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in
improving your work culture.
A. Message with emojis feel more conversational
B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E.Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F.Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G.An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。
36.D 根据前句“In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of
millions, both at work and play.(在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅速发展，无论是工作还是娱乐，
都有数亿用户)”和后句“It's been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western
countries are using emojis at work.(据报道，在一些西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情
符号)”可知，前后句都说明了即时通讯平台受欢迎程度。所以选择项D. The popularity of
these platforms is spreading globally. (这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合题意。故选
D。
37. A根据前句“Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear.(使用表情符
号可以增加幽默和感情，保持明确的意图)”和后半句“encouraging better and more frequent
communication.(鼓励更好更频繁的交流)”可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。所以选择
项A. Messages with Emojis feel more conversational. (使用表情符号的信息让人感觉更健谈)
符合题意。故选A。
38.G 根据前句“In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, andfinding common ground in communication can be a challenge. (在任何一间办公室，员工的年
龄从22岁到70岁甚至更大，在交流中找到共同点可能是一项挑战)” 中关键词句
“employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond,”与选择项中“all work generations”是一
致的。故选G。
39.B 根据前句“ Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? (谁没
有收到过毁掉了一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的
缺点。所以选择项B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly. (即使是一封正式的电
子邮件也会显得冷淡和不友好)故选B。
40. F根据后句“and Emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. (并且表情符号可以
直接促成这种积极的结果)”可知，这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的好处。所以选择
项F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace. (研究表明，更友
好的沟通会带来更快乐的工作场所)故选F。
【真题 11】【2020·全国卷III】
A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a
new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the
party. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.
36. And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopeful presents.
37. Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local
stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives
and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to
decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.
38. This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There
are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the
party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a
housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be
asked to help unpack boxes. 39.
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would
actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. 40. Now most homes have central heating and
don’t use fires to keep warm.A. This isn’t usual though.
B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E.It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F.The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G.This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
【文章大意】本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取，活动安排和名称的由
来。
36.E 上句 The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new
home.(这个聚会是朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺
搬新家的人的一次机会，下句 And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and
hopefully presents.(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼物来填补新家了)。介绍这也是给新家装满爱
和希望礼物的好时机。E项：它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的机会。与上下句并列，
都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选E。
37. B下文Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like
knives and things like curtains.和like a piece of art or a plant. 列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，
可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B项：带礼物去
参加乔迁派对是一种传统，概括了本段内容，引出下文，故选B。
38.C 本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据后文This is often appreciated since at a
housewarming there isn' t a lot of food served.(这一点通常是值得赞赏的，因为在乔迁派对上
不会提供很多食物)。指出因为新搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那
么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分享搬家，所以主人不会准备太
丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C项：你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。故选C。
39. A本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚
会是在搬进新家后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚
会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见的，A项：但这并不常见。表达了此意，与上文衔接，故
选A。
40.G 上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据bring firewood to a new home as a gift.可知人们
会带柴火作为礼物，那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G项：这样人们就可以在冬天的时候保持家里温暖。符合语境。故选G。
【真题 12】【2020·山东卷】
Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.16. Do you want to be a good
public speaker? Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when
you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public”at the expense of the”speaking. “ 17.
Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares
about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact,most
people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you
make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.18.
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.19. And like everything else in life, that takes
practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
20. It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer. “On the other hand,
you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go
on forever! “So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than
anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats
waiting for your speech finally to end.
A. Do the opposite.
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E.The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F.Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G.However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章介绍了成为好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则。
16.G 本文主题是介绍成为好的演讲者要掌握的一些原则。上句提到有些人生来就有演讲的
天赋。G项:然而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。与上句
转折，引出本文主题--演讲者要训练。故选G。
17.A 下句Focus on the speaking.是本段主题，建议演讲者把注意力集中在演讲上。上句提到一种常见现象，当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注意力放在”公众”上，而不是”演
讲”上。这是错误的做法，A项Do the opposite.承上启下，说明了上句做法的错误，引出了
下句正确的做法。故选A。
18.C 本段提到即使成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误。上句建议当出错
时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。C项:你不需要为一个小失误道歉。与上句承接，
是对待演讲出错的方法。故选C。
19. B本段是说明练习的重要性。上句提到你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家，下句应该
说明目标是什么。B. You want to be an effective public speaker.与上句衔接，是我们演讲的真
正目的。故选B。
20.D 下文提到观众并不是认为演讲越长越好，根据 Always make your presentation just a bit
shorter than anticipated.可知，作者建议让演讲比预期的短一点，给观众更多的期待胜过让
他们坐立不安地等待演讲结束。D项:公开演讲时，通常少就是多。说明了演讲时，多和少
的辩证关系。故选D。
【真题 13】【2020·浙江卷】
I experienced years of loneliness as a child. 31. His friends teased him about
babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine. With no other kids of my age
in the neighborhood, I had to spend hours by myself.
A bright spot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began early as my
mother read to me every evening. 32. I started reading books on my own before age 5 and my
mother took me to the public library once a week to borrow several books. I quickly graduated
from typical children’s books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened
new worlds to me. 33.
My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted. I tried making toy cars with
cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father
gave me. When my mother saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs were. 34. I
learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them into something new and
useful. It was a trait(特点) others found helpful, and I soon had friends who wanted to make
things with me.
35. My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter theweather or season. My brother, of course, raced off to be with his friends, while I had plenty to do
myself. There was making leaf houses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and so much more.
They’re all memories I treasure today.
A. I wasn't alone any longer.
B. I enjoyed reading stories aloud.
C. I was invited to play with another kid.
D. I loved the colorful photographs in the books.
E. Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.
F.Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things.
G.My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me.
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者养成几个生活习惯的原因。
31.G 设空在段中，应是承前启后句。根据后文“His friends teased him about babysitting his
sister and his interests were far different from mine”可知，设空句应提及“his”的身份，即G
项中的“My elder brother”，且G项“我哥哥懒得和我一起玩”在此起到了承上启下的作用。
故选G项。故选G项。
32. D根据前句提到“我对文字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候”可知，D项“我
喜欢书中的彩色照片”和上句构成进一步说明。同时D项中的“书”指代上句提到的母亲
每天给我读故事的书。D项切题。故选D项。
33.A 根据前句提到“阅读为我打开了新世界”可知，A项“我不在孤独”和上句构成了因
果关系。A项切题。故选A项。
34.F 根据前句“当我的母亲看到我的创作时，她说我的设计很有创意”可知，F项“于是，
我开始对制造东西产生了长久的兴趣”和上句构成因果关系，我正是在听了母亲那句话后
才开始了对制造东西产生兴趣。F项切题。故选F项。
35.E 根据后句“无论天气或季节，我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外”可知，
E项“我很早养成的另一个习惯是去户外”和前句表示因果逻辑。作者有去户外的习惯是
因为后句提到的父母的影响。E项切题。故选E项。【模拟题 1】【2022·河北·模拟预测】
It happens to all of us and can be beyond annoyance, so why do we itch? You know the
feeling: There’s that spot on your arm, leg or back that just itches and begs for a deep, satisfying
scratch. ____1____ No matter how much you scratch, it just can’t be satisfied.
As we all know, itchy skin is a sensation that makes us want to scratch—but as soon as you
satisfy that need, you set off something called the itch-scratch cycle.____2____
The main reason that you feel itchy is that the skin cells or nerve endings near your skin have
become annoyed. ____3____ When you itch, you give yourself a scratch, the area of the body
that you have scratched releases chemicals including histamine, and it makes you itch more.
That’s why we use antihistamines for allergic reactions but they can also help for insect bites and
things like that.
____4____ The drier your skin becomes, the more likely the skin gets itchy. However, it is
sometimes caused not from the skin, but from what you see or hear. When you hear someone else
scratching their skin, or when you see images that suggest itch, like a picture of being bitten by a
mosquito, you get the urge to scratch. People with the allergic condition seem to be more easily
affected than those without the condition.____5____
A．Causes of itchy skin.
B．It is usually caused by dry skin.
C．It means you are going to end up feeling itchier.
D．Fortunately, there are ways you can get rid of it.
E．Being aware of this phenomenon can help interrupt its effect.
F．But you know giving in to that desire will only result in more problems.
G．Once you start scratching, your body creates a chemical reaction that makes you itchier.
1．F 2．C 3．G 4．B 5．E
【解析】
【导语】
本文是说明文。文章介绍了普通皮肤瘙痒的症状以及皮肤越抓越痒的恶性循环、生理机制
和诱因。1．根据上文“It happens to all of us and can be beyond annoyance, so why do we itch? You
know the feeling: There’s that spot on your arm, leg or back that just itches and begs for a deep,
satisfying scratch.(我们每个人都有过这种经历，而且可能忍无可忍，那么为什么我们会痒呢？
你知道这种感觉：你手臂上、腿上或后背上的某个地方发痒，想要深深的、令人满意的抓
挠)”以及后文“No matter how much you scratch, it just can’t be satisfied.(不管你怎么挠，它就
是不能满足)”可知，上文提到了发痒的问题，后文则说怎么挠都不会满足，可见抓挠并不
能解决问题。故F选项“但是你知道向欲望屈服只会导致更多的问题”符合语境，故选
F。
2．根据上文“As we all know, itchy skin is a sensation that makes us want to scratch—but as
soon as you satisfy that need, you set off something called the itch-scratch cycle.(我们都知道，
皮肤发痒是一种让我们想要抓挠的感觉——但一旦你满足了这种需求，你就会启动一种叫
做抓挠循环的东西)”可知，上文提出了“抓挠循环”的概念，本句为本段最后一句，应承
接上文解释这一说法：这意味着你最终会感到更痒。故C选项“这意味着你最终会感到更
痒”符合语境，故选C。
3．根据上文“The main reason that you feel itchy is that the skin cells or nerve endings near
your skin have become annoyed.(你感到发痒的主要原因是你皮肤附近的皮肤细胞或神经末梢
被惹恼了)”以及后文“When you itch, you give yourself a scratch, the area of the body that you
have scratched releases chemicals including histamine, and it makes you itch more. That’s why we
use antihistamines for allergic reactions but they can also help for insect bites and things like that.
(当你发痒时，你会挠自己，被挠的部位会释放包括组胺在内的化学物质，这会让你更痒。
这就是为什么我们使用抗组胺药来治疗过敏反应，但它们也可以帮助治疗昆虫叮咬之类的
事情)”可知，后文提到了被挠的部位会释放包括组胺在内的化学物质，说明抓挠会让身体
产生化学反应，G选项中chemical对应后文中chemicals。故G选项“一旦你开始抓挠，你
的身体就会产生一种化学反应，让你更痒”符合语境，故选G。
4．根据后文“The drier your skin becomes, the more likely the skin gets itchy.(你的皮肤越干燥，
就越容易发痒)”可知，后文提到了皮肤干燥会引起发痒，B选项中dry对应后文中drier。故
B选项“它通常是由皮肤干燥引起的”符合语境，故选B。
5．根据上文“When you hear someone else scratching their skin, or when you see images that
suggest itch, like a picture of being bitten by a mosquito, you get the urge to scratch. People with
the allergic condition seem to be more easily affected than those without the condition.(当你听到别人在挠他们的皮肤，或者当你看到有痒的图片，比如被蚊子咬的图片，你就会有抓痒的
冲动。有过敏症状的人似乎比没有过敏症状的人更容易受到影响)”可知，上文列举了一些
会导致抓痒的情况，且提到有过敏症状的人似乎比没有过敏症状的人更容易受到影响，本
句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明认识到这些现象的作用：帮助打断它的影响。故E选
项“意识到这个现象可以有助于阻断它的影响”符合语境，故选E。
【模拟题2】【2022·辽宁·一模】
There are many costs of having a negative attitude in the workplace. Employees who don't
feel appreciated work less productively. They can have conflicts with other members. Negative
bosses spread their bad feelings to employees. Here are some ways to develop a positive spirit in
your workplace.
Be a model of kindness and respect. Employees look up to their bosses for an example of
how to behave in the workplace. ____6____ It is far better to be patient, kind, and respectful.
This is a great way to bring positivity to the workplace.
____7____ When employees are thanked for their good work, it gives them a warm feeling.
Everyone likes to be appreciated, and employees often toil(辛苦工作) for years without being
thanked for their hard work. Even “thank you” and a hand-shake go a long way toward making an
employee feel appreciated.
Make goals clear for everyone. Having a concrete goal to work toward gives employees
direction and positivity in the workplace. Employees like to know that their hard work is directed
toward a particular end. ____8____ This can be as simple as expressing your pride during a staff
meeting.
Put on a smile. Even if you’re having a difficult day, you can spread positivity by smiling.
When a boss is smiling, their employees find reasons to smile, too.____9____
Have an office wellness program. Have your human resources staff arrange a fitness program
for your employees. ____10____ Don't be punitive(惩罚性的) and tiring. Letting your
employees have a break to relax will make them happier and more productive.
A．Make it fun.
B．Encourage communication.
C．Have an attitude of gratitude.D．When the goals are reached, have a little celebration.
E．When employees are not listened to, they feel unappreciated.
F．If the boss is disrespectful, that will become part of the company culture.
G．Dealing with a boss who is always serious makes the employees difficult to work with.
6．F 7．C 8．D 9．G 10．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了一些在工作场所培养积极精神的方法。
6．根据上文“Be a model of kindness and respect. Employees look up to their bosses for an
example of how to behave in the workplace.(做一个善良和尊重的榜样。员工敬仰老板，将其
作为职场行为的榜样)”以及后文“It is far better to be patient, kind, and respectful. This is a
great way to bring positivity to the workplace.(耐心、善良和尊重是更好的选择。这是一个为
工作场所带来积极情绪的好方法)”可知，上文说明了老板是榜样，可推测本句是在对此无
礼的情况进行假设，故F选项“如果老板无礼，这将成为公司文化的一部分”符合语境，
故选F。
7．根据后文“When employees are thanked for their good work, it gives them a warm feeling.
Everyone likes to be appreciated, and employees often toil for years without being thanked for
their hard work. Even “thank you” and a hand-shake go a long way toward making an employee
feel appreciated.(当员工因为他们的出色工作而被感谢时，这给了他们一种温暖的感觉。每
个人都喜欢被欣赏，而员工们辛苦工作多年却常常得不到感谢。即使是一句“谢谢你”和
一个握手也能让员工感到自己受到了赏识)”可知，本段主要说明了要学会感恩，以及感恩
的重要性。故C选项“要有感恩的态度”符合语境，故选C。
8．根据上文“Employees like to know that their hard work is directed toward a particular end.
(员工喜欢知道他们的努力工作是为了一个特定的目标)”以及后文“This can be as simple as
expressing your pride during a staff meeting.(这可以简单到在员工会议上表达你的骄傲)”可知，
上文提到了为了目标努力工作，可知本句是在说明目标达成的情况。故D选项“当目标达
成时，庆祝一下”符合语境，故选D。
9．根据上文“Put on a smile. Even if you’re having a difficult day, you can spread positivity by
smiling. When a boss is smiling, their employees find reasons to smile, too.(面带微笑。即使你度
过了艰难的一天，你也可以通过微笑传播正能量。当老板微笑时，他们的员工也会找到微笑的理由)”可知，本段说明了老板微笑的重要性，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文说明
老板严肃的不良影响。故G选项“和一个总是很严肃的老板打交道会让员工很难相处”符
合语境，故选G。
10．根据上文“Have an office wellness program. Have your human resources staff arrange a
fitness program for your employees.(制定一个办公室健康计划。让你的人力资源人员为你的
员工安排一个健身计划)”以及后文“Don't be punitive and tiring. Letting your employees have
a break to relax will make them happier and more productive.(不要惩罚别人，也不要让人觉得
累。让你的员工休息放松会让他们更快乐，更有效率)”可知，后文提到了健身计划不要惩
罚别人，也不要让人觉得累，可见要轻松有趣。故A选项“让它变得有趣”符合语境，故
选A。
【模拟题 3】【2022·安徽·模拟预测】
Perhaps all of us want to leave good impressions on others at work. These impressions are
like labels pinned on us, but one of the best may be “knowledgeable”. If you sound
knowledgeable, you’ll be taken seriously at meetings and elsewhere. ____11____ The following
ways may be helpful.
____12____
If you want to sound knowledgeable, form a single idea from the material you’ve gathered,
and deliver it clearly. No mater how much you know on a topic, the secret to audience engagement
is to put it down to a single, convincing idea.
Say, “Here’s what I believe ...” Or “My point is this ...” Be sure to state this idea in one short,
sharply focused sentence. ____13____
Provide a clear structure.
Once you state your idea, make the depth of your knowledge clear by offering proof points
that support your one idea. ____14____ They include Reasons, Ways, Steps in a Process, or a
Challenge/Response. Give your listeners clear signposts as you proceed through your structure.
Use tags like “the first reason,” “the second reason,” or “The challenge we faced ...” and “Our
response was ...
Simplify your language.
The simpler your words and sentences, the more profound you’ll sound. Suppose a colleaguereporting on a project says: “The satisfaction of all parameters implicates the completion of the
project mandate by Q4.” Hearing that, you have every right to be puzzled. A truly knowledgeable
colleague would simply say: “We expect to complete this project by year end.”
____15____ Therefore, you’d better choose simple words and short sentences. As Winston
Churchill said, “Short words are best, and the old words when short are best of all”.
A．Choose proper materials.
B．True wisdom lies in simplicity.
C．Boil it down to one message.
D．But what is a knowledgeable person like?
E．These points can be organized in a variety of ways.
F．But what exactly does it take to sound knowledgeable?
G．it will center your audience on a single meaningful thought.
11．F 12．C 13．G 14．E 15．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何听起来知识渊博，能在会议和其他场合受到重视的方法。
11．由上文“If you sound knowledgeable, you’ll be taken seriously at meetings and elsewhere.
(如果你听起来知识渊博，你会在会议和其他场合受到重视)”和下文“The following ways
may be helpful. (以下方法可能会有所帮助)”可知，上文围绕“sounding knowledgeable (听起
来知识渊博)”的好处展开，而下文则是提供方法，空处的内容应起到承上启下的作用，提
出要想“sounding knowledgeable (听起来知识渊博)”需要怎么做这一问题，承接上下文，F
选项“但要让自己听起来知识渊博，到底需要什么？”切题。故选F项。
12．考查段落主旨。由下文“If you want to sound knowledgeable, form a single idea from the
material you’ve gathered, and deliver it clearly. No mater how much you know on a topic, the
secret to audience engagement is to put it down to a single, convincing idea. (如果你想让自己听
起来知识渊博，从你收集的材料中形成一个想法，并清晰地表达出来。无论你对一个话题
了解多少，让听众参与的秘诀就是把它归结为一个单一的、令人信服的想法)”和“Be sure
to state this idea in one short, sharply focused sentence. (一定要用一句简短、重点突出的句子
来陈述这个想法)”可知，该段落主旨是“用一句简要有重点的话表达观点”，承接下文，C
选项“把要表达的观点浓缩成一句话。”切题。故选C项。
13．考查总结句。由上文“Say, “Here’s what I believe ...” Or “My point is this ...” Be sure tostate this idea in one short, sharply focused sentence. (说，“这就是我所相信的……”或者
“我的观点是……”一定要用一句简短、重点突出的句子来陈述这个想法)”可知，本段讨
论怎么样把自己的意思用精炼的话语传达给听众，该空应该提到这样做的好处和意义，对
本段做出总结承接上文，G选项“它会让你的听众集中在一个有意义的想法上。”切题。
故选G项。
14．由上文“Once you state your idea, make the depth of your knowledge clear by offering
proof points that support your one idea. (一旦你陈述了你的想法，通过提供支持你的一个想法
的证据来明确你的知识深度)”和下文“They include Reasons, Ways, Steps in a Process, or a
Challenge/Response. (包括原因、方式、流程步骤或挑战/响应)”可知，本段的主题是“要让
自己所说的话有清晰的组织结构”，上文中的“offering proof points that support your one
idea”,与选项中的“These points”呼应，而下文中的“include Reasons, Ways, Steps in a
Process, or a Challenge/Response”是在列举使所说的话有组织的方法，承接上下文，E选项
“这些要点可以用多种方式组织。”切题。故选E项。
15．由倒数第二段“The simpler your words and sentences, the more profound you’ll sound. (你
的单词和句子越简单，听起来就越深奥)”和下文“Therefore, you’d better choose simple
words and short sentences. As Winston Churchill said, “Short words are best, and the old words
when short are best of all”. (因此，你最好选择简单的单词和短句。正如温斯顿·丘吉尔所说，
“简短的词是最好的，又短又古老的词最最好。”)”可知，这一部分是在讨论“简化语言
能更好更清晰地传达意思”，承接下文，B选项“真正的智慧在于清晰明了。”切题。故
选B项。
【模拟题 4】【2022·河南洛阳·二模】
Why You Shouldn’t Exercise to Lose Weight
Many of us are starting (or restarting) exercise in hopes of losing unwanted pounds. Aiming
to be more active is good. But if the main reason is to lose weight, your New Year’s resolution
could be very well backfire.
____16____, we often sour on it and stop working out. In a study of 30 overweight people
who participated in a 12-week exercise program and were interviewed afterward, this response
was typical: “It was quite disappointing that I didn’t lose a single pound.____17____.”
Perhaps the biggest problem with exercising to drop pounds is that it turns physical activityinto punishment—a price we have to pay for a slimmer body. How many times have you heard
someone say (or said yourself) “I’ll do extra exercise” after eating too much during the holidays or
at a celebratory dinner?____18____. As a consequence, we’re unlikely to enjoy it or to keep doing
it.
The takeaway is that we see exercise positively and actually do it when we focus on our well-
being rather than our weight. For some, the motivation may be an improved mood or less stress.
Others may find exercise makes them feel physically and mentally stronger.____19____. It can
help reduce the risk of heart disease, cancer, colds, etc. It can also improve sleep, make you
energetic, and prevent aging. What’s more, exercise can prevent weight gain and improve your
appearance.
____20____. It’s perhaps the most important thing you can do for your health. But to
improve the chances of success, focus on how movement helps you feel better physically and
emotionally—and forget about how it moves the needle on the scale.
A．It kind of made me give up
B．So by all means, try to exercise regularly in 2022
C．While it’s not very helpful for melting away pounds
D．When exercise fails to meet our weight-loss expectations
E．The benefits of physical activity are well beyond these aspects
F．We treat exercise as a form of self-punishment for being “bad” in the past
G．For starters, exercise, at least the kind most of us do, is typically ineffective for weight loss
16．D 17．A 18．F 19．E 20．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了锻炼减肥的错误认知并倡导我们有规律地锻炼。
16．根据后文“we often sour on it and stop working out.(我们经常对它感到厌烦，停止锻
炼。)”可知，停止锻炼前提是我们运动没有效果，没达到目标。D选项“When exercise
fails to meet our weight-loss expectations(当运动未能达到我们的减肥期望时)”符合题意，故
选D。
17．根据前文“It was quite disappointing that I didn’t lose a single pound.(我一磅也没减，真
令人失望。)”可知，本句是超重人士未达减肥计划后的感想，可知，他们很想放弃。A选
项“It kind of made me give up(这让我有点放弃了)”符合题意，故选A。18．根据前文“Perhaps the biggest problem with exercising to drop pounds is that it turns
physical activity into punishment—a price we have to pay for a slimmer body.(也许通过锻炼来
减肥的最大问题是它把体育活动变成了一种惩罚——我们为了苗条的身体不得不付出的代
价)”可知，本段介绍的是减肥失败的原因之一是我们把运动当作惩罚。F选项“We treat
exercise as a form of self-punishment for being “bad” in the past(在过去，我们把锻炼当作一种
自我惩罚的方式)”符合题意，故选F。
19．根据前文“For some, the motivation may be an improved mood or less stress. Others may
find exercise makes them feel physically and mentally stronger.(对一些人来说，动机可能会改
善情绪或减轻压力。其他人可能会发现锻炼使他们感到身体和精神上更强壮。)”可知，本
段介绍的是运动的好处。E选项“The benefits of physical activity are well beyond these
aspects(体育活动的好处远远超过这些方面)”符合题意，故选E。
20．根据后文“It’s perhaps the most important thing you can do for your health.(这也许是你能
为你的健康所做的最重要的事情。)”可知，最后一段是重申本文的观点，要有规律地锻炼。
B选项“So by all means, try to exercise regularly in 2022(所以，无论如何，在2022年要有规
律地锻炼)”符合题意，故选B。
【模拟题 5】【2022·广东广州·一模】
How does it feel when you solve your problem by yourself? Things may not always go as
planned, but being resourceful can help you stay calm and work your way out of tricky situations.
Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem, using whatever
resources you have at the time. ____21____ They can also be anything else that’s useful, such as
information, advice or your own experience. It also means trusting your instincts, the ability
you’re born with, rather than through training and being confident about your ability to face
challenges. A resourceful person is not the one getting cross or panicking when something goes
wrong. They’re thinking about how to solve the problem.
_____22_____ when we learn to problem solve for ourselves rather than immediately going
to others for help, it can help to build our confidence, help us feel more independent, and feel
better about making decisions. Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking
creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared
next time. _____23_____ This can boost self-esteem, that is, how you feel about yourself.When you’re facing a challenge, try to focus on the actual problem rather than how you feel
about it. Think about where and when it happened and what the causes are. Next, think up as many
solutions to the problem as you can. ____24____ Finally, review what has and hasn’t worked, so
you’re equipped to deal with a situation next time.
And remember, if you have a tricky problem that you’re unable to solve, then ask a trusted
adult for help. ____25____
A．You also learn what you’re good at.
B．Here is how you can be more resourceful.
C．These may be practical things like pens and paper.
D．No one is expected to solve all problems by themselves.
E．Resourcefulness is a skill that’s good for you in lots of ways.
F．They can be famous mottoes that always inspire us to move on.
G．Weigh up what’s good and bad about each one and choose the best.
21．C 22．E 23．A 24．G 25．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了遇到棘手的问题时的应对方法，要足智多谋，随机应变。
21．根据上一句“Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem,
using whatever resources you have at the time.(足智多谋的意思是找到聪明和创造性的方法来
解决问题，利用你目前所拥有的任何资源)”和下文“They can also be anything else that’s
useful, such as information, advice or your own experience. （它们也可以是任何其他有用的东
西，例如信息、建议或您自己的经验。）”上文提到可以使用拥有的任何资源，下文提到
“也可以是其他有用的东西”可知，设空处需要第一次例举这些有用的东西。C选项：这
些是像纸和笔一样的实用的东西。与下文的“also”相互呼应。故选C。
22．挖空处在段首，有可能是段落的主旨句。而后面“…it can help to build our confidence,
help us feel more independent, and feel better about making decisions.(它可以帮助我们建立信心，
帮助我们感到更独立，在做决定时感觉更好)”及“Being resourceful may not help you avoid
problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less
stressed and more prepared next time.(足智多谋或许不能帮助你避免问题，但创造性地思考如
何处理问题会让你感觉压力更小，下次准备更充分)”主要说的是“being resourceful”带来的
好处， E选项意思就是resourcefulness 能带来很多好处。故选E项。23．该段首句说的是“being resourceful”会对你有好处，前面两句“…it can help to build our
confidence, help us feel more independent, and feel better about making decisions.(...它可以帮助
我们建立信心，帮助我们感到更独立，在做决定时感觉更好)”及“Being resourceful may not
help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you
feel less stressed and more prepared next time.(足智多谋或许不能帮助你避免问题，但创造性
地思考如何处理问题会让你感觉压力更小，下次准备更充分)”具体列举了“being
resourceful”带来的好处，A选项：你还能知道你所擅长的是什么，对自己更加了解，也契
合下一句“This can boost self-esteem, that is, how you feel about yourself.这能提高自尊心。这
是又一个好处，A项最符合语境。故选A项。
24．该段在讨论遇到困难时，要专注于问题本身，并列出了具体的步骤。上一句“Next,
think up as many solutions to the problem as you can.(接下来，想出尽可能多的方法来解决问
题)”讲的是“尽可能多地想出一些解决措施”，G选项：然后衡量它们的好坏，选出最佳
的一个，其中them指代上一句solutions，G项填到此处最合适。故选G项。
25．上一句“And remember, if you have a tricky problem that you’re unable to solve, then ask a
trusted adult for help.(记住，如果你有一个棘手的问题，你无法解决，然后向一个值得信任
的成年人寻求帮助)”表示自己实在解决不了，你还可以求助其他人，D选项意为“没有人
是被期望要独自解决所有问题的”，与上文意义一致。故填D项。
【模拟题 6】【2022·全国·二模】
Confidence is at the heart of every successful person and it holds the key to success.
Regardless of how knowledgeable you are in your professional field, if you lack confidence your
success will be limited. ____26____ The following are 3 key tricks you may learn to increase
your confidence.
Know yourself. Take a long hard look in the mirror and make an honest and accurate
assessment of your strengths and weaknesses. ____27____ as this will increase your confidence.
Meanwhile, take an effective approach toward improving your weaknesses. We all have areas in
our professional and personal lives that need to be improved. Ignoring them does not make them
go away. ____28____
Dress for success. Whether you like it or not, people make judgments about you based upon
how you dress. You only have one chance to make a good first impression. From a confidenceperspective, how you dress directly reflects how you feel about yourself. ____29____ if you are
wearing a business suit or sweat pants and a T-shirt. Therefore, be highly aware of your
appearance. Dress in a manner that reflects who you are and how you want to be perceived.
____30____. You can increase your confidence by seeking out one new challenge at a time.
Research shows confident people consistently seek out new challenges. Move on to the next one
when one challenge is successfully achieved. Success builds upon itself, therefore, success brings
success—all fueled by increased confidence!
A．Steady as you go
B．Put pressure on yourself
C．Continue to build upon your strengths
D．Research shows that you will feel differently about yourself
E．What you wear will unintentionally show your weaknesses to those around you
F．On the contrary, it only holds back your success and keeps your confidence low
G．Actually, confidence isn't what you're born with, but something learned over time
26．G 27．C 28．F 29．D 30．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些建立自信的方法。
26．根据后文“The following are 3 key tricks you may learn to increase your confidence.(你可
以学习以下3个关键技巧来增强自信)”可知，后文提到了建立自信的技巧，可见自信是可
以培养的。故G选项“事实上，自信并不是与生俱来的，而是随着时间的推移学会的”符
合语境，故选G。
27．根据上文“Know yourself. Take a long hard look in the mirror and make an honest and
accurate assessment of your strengths and weaknesses.(了解自己。认真地长时间地照照镜子，
诚实而准确地评估一下自己的优缺点)”以及后文“as this will increase your confidence.(因为
这会增加你的自信)”可知，本句是在说明建立优势来增加自信。故C选项“继续建立你的
优势”符合语境，故选C。
28．根据上文“We all have areas in our professional and personal lives that need to be
improved. Ignoring them does not make them go away.(我们在工作和个人生活中都有需要改进
的地方。忽视它们并不能让它们消失)”可知，上文提到了忽视需要改进的地方不会让它消
失，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文继续说明其影响：恰恰相反，它只会阻碍你的成功，让你保持低信心。故F选项“恰恰相反，它只会阻碍你的成功，让你保持低信心”符合语
境，故选F。
29．根据上文“. Whether you like it or not, people make judgments about you based upon how
you dress. You only have one chance to make a good first impression. From a confidence
perspective, how you dress directly reflects how you feel about yourself.(不管你喜不喜欢，人们
会根据你的穿着来判断你。你只有一次机会留下好的第一印象。从自信的角度来看，你的
穿着直接反映了你对自己的感觉)”以及后文“if you are wearing a business suit or sweat pants
and a T-shirt(如果你穿的是西装或运动裤和T恤)”可知，后文列举了穿西装或运动裤和T恤
两种不同类型的衣服，可知本句旨在说明衣服让自己对自己的不同感觉。故D选项“研究
表明，你会对自己有不同的感觉”符合语境，故选D。
30．根据后文“You can increase your confidence by seeking out one new challenge at a time.
Research shows confident people consistently seek out new challenges. Move on to the next one
when one challenge is successfully achieved. Success builds upon itself, therefore, success brings
success—all fueled by increased confidence!(你可以通过每次接受一个新的挑战来增强自信。
研究表明，自信的人总是寻求新的挑战。当你成功地完成一个挑战时，就可以继续下一个
挑战。成功是建立在自己的基础上的，因此，成功带来成功——这一切都是由更大的信心
所推动的！)”可知，本段主旨是通过一次次挑战来建立自信，即通过过程来慢慢建立自信。
故A选项“慢慢建立自信”符合语境，故选A。
【模拟题 7】【2022·江苏南通·二模】
I am not sure how many books I have reread,but perhaps it is fewer than the average person.
____31____ The source material, though, is of course not.
I used to take the same approach to books as I did to travel: don't go to the same place
twice.Life is too short.____32____Then I realized that the fact that life is short might work the
other way around, too: if you know you enjoy something,or somewhere, then why not return?
Recently I reread Joseph Heller's Catch-22.I was inspired to do so when reminded of how
he'd respond when people rudely asked him why he'd never written anything as good:"Who
has?"Catch-22 pretty much saved my life when I first read it.____33____I had dropped out of
school twice,didn't leave the house at all and didn't have a life.It felt as though I hadn't laughed in
such a long time.____34____It managed to take me out of the dark world, and though its themes are,of
course,serious,its cleverness cheered me greatly.I related to its characters who are themselves
trapped.I am now planning to reread the sort of books that inspired me in my own writing.
I won't take a break altogether from reading the most recent releases.I love the smell of new
books fresh from the printers.____35____
A．Catch-22 had me laughing.
B．My favourites are secondhand editions.
C．There is discomfort in reading recently-released books.
D．At that time I was an extremely depressed 17-year-old.
E．For me, the pleasure of rereading is a newly discovered one.
F．There is so much to read and so much to see and experience.
G．However,I have determined to dip more frequently into the old ones
31．E 32．F 33．D 34．A 35．G
【解析】
【分析】
本文是说明文。文章通过作者读书的经历，表达了虽然喜欢新书的味道，但还是喜欢重读
能够激励自己的旧书的观点。
31．根据上文“I am not sure how many books I have reread, but perhaps it is fewer than the
average person.”(我不知道我重读了多少本书，但可能比一般人少。)提到作者不知道自己重
读了多少书籍可知，后面紧接着要说重读对于作者的意义。E项“For me, the pleasure of
rereading is a newly discovered one.(对我来说，重读的乐趣是新发现的。)”符合语境。故选
E。
32．上文“I used to take the same approach to books as I did to travel: don't go to the same place
twice. Life is too short.”(我过去对待书籍和旅行的态度是一样的：不要去同一个地方两次。
生命太短暂了。)说明之前作者对待书籍和对待旅行的态度是一样的，作者不会去同一个地
方，不读同一本书，是因为生命太短暂，需要经历的东西太多。F项“There is so much to
read and so much to see and experience.(有太多的东西要读，太多的东西要看和经历。)”承接
上文，符合语境。故选F。
33．根据下文“I had dropped out of school twice, didn't leave the house at all and didn't have a
life.”(我曾两次辍学，根本没有离开家，没有生活。)可知，这里作者讲述了自己的故事，D
项“At that time I was an extremely depressed 17-year-old.(当时我17岁，极度抑郁。)”符合语境。故选D。
34．根据下文“It managed to take me out of the dark world, and though its themes are, of
course, serious, its cleverness cheered me greatly.”(它成功地把我带出了黑暗的世界，当然，
尽管它的主题是严肃的，但它的智慧让我大受鼓舞。)可知，本段要介绍一本能够激励作者
的书。A项“Catch-22 had me laughing.(《第二十二条军规》让我笑了。)”符合语境。故选
A。
35．上文“I won't take a break altogether from reading the most recent releases. I love the smell
of new books fresh from the printers.”(我不会完全从阅读最新版本中休息。我喜欢刚从印刷
厂出来的新书的味道。)说道作者喜欢新书的味道，结合倒数第二段最后一句“I am now
planning to reread the sort of books that inspired me in my own writing.”(我现在正计划重读那
些启发我写作的书。)可推测此处应该表转折，表达“自己还是喜欢重读旧书”。G项
“However, I have determined to dip more frequently into the old ones.(然而，我决定更频繁地
使用旧的。)”符合语境。故选G。
【模拟题 8】【2022·内蒙古·包头市第四中学一模】
In the United States and Britain, 70th wedding anniversaries are known as “platinum
anniversaries (铂金婚)”. ____36____ For example, celebrating the first year of marriage is
known as a “paper anniversary”. Fifty years of marriage marks a “gold anniversary”. And the term
“diamond anniversary” is used to describe a marriage that has lasted for 60 years.
____37____ In the US, people give gifts to couples when they reach certain years of their
marriage. The first year anniversary is marked by giving the couple a clock. ____38____ And
they can get musical instruments when they reach their 24th anniversary.
____39____ In Canada, couples can receive a message from the country’s governor-general
(总督) on their 50th anniversary, and on every fifth anniversary after that. In the US, the president
himself will send a greeting to couples that reach their 50th anniversary,and for every anniversary
after that.
____40____ Or perhaps the truly cool thing is celebrating such a long life full of love and
happiness with your special someone.
A．If two people reach their 10th anniversary, they can expect to receive diamond jewelry.
B．People in different countries have their own ways of celebrating wedding anniversaries.C．The 25th wedding anniversary is popularly referred to as the “silver anniversary”
D．In Canada and the US, couples can even receive special congratulations from world leaders on
certain anniversaries.
E．People often celebrate their wedding anniversary by having dinner at an expensive restaurant.
F．In fact, there are many different terms that are used to describe different marriage lengths.
G．How cool would it be to get a letter from the president?
36．F 37．B 38．A 39．D 40．G
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。不同的文化背景下，庆祝结婚纪念日的方式也有所不同。文章介绍了
美国、加拿大人是如何庆祝他们不同阶段的结婚纪念日的。
36．根据上文“In the United States and Britain, 70th wedding anniversaries are known as
“platinum anniversaries (铂金婚)”.(在美国和英国，70周年结婚纪念日被称为“铂金婚”)”及
下文“For example, celebrating the first year of marriage is known as a “paper anniversary”. Fifty
years of marriage marks a “gold anniversary”. And the term “diamond anniversary” is used to
describe a marriage that has lasted for 60 years.(例如，庆祝结婚的第一年被称为“纸婚纪念
日”。 结婚五十年标志着一个“黄金周年”。 而“钻石纪念日”一词则用来形容一段持
续了60年的婚姻)”可知，除了“铂金婚”还有其他结婚纪念日的术语。由此可知，F. In
fact, there are many different terms that are used to describe different marriage lengths.(事实上，
有很多不同的术语用来描述不同的婚姻长度)能够承上启下，符合此处语境。故选F。
37．根据下文“In the US, people give gifts to couples when they reach certain years of their
marriage.(在美国，人们会在夫妻步入婚姻的某一阶段时给他们送礼物)”及“In Canada,
couples can receive a message from the country’s governor-general (总督) on their 50th
anniversary, and on every fifth anniversary after that. In the US, the president himself will send a
greeting to couples that reach their 50th anniversary, and for every anniversary after that.(在加拿
大，夫妻可以在结婚 50 周年时收到该国总督的信息，之后的每五周年都如此。 在美国，
总统本人会向结婚 50 周年的夫妇致以问候，并且包括之后的每个周年纪念日)”可知，此
处介绍的是不同国家的人如何庆祝他们的结婚纪念日。由此可知，B. People in different
countries have their own ways of celebrating wedding anniversaries.(不同国家的人有不同的庆祝结婚纪念日的方式)能够顺承下文，符合此处语境，且B选项中的“different countries”与
下文的the US和Canada相对应。故选B。
38．根据上文“The first year anniversary is marked by giving the couple a clock.(一周年纪念
日的标志是送给这对夫妇一个时钟)”及下文“And they can get musical instruments when they
reach their 24th anniversary.(当他们达到24周年时，他们可以得到乐器)”可知，在不同的结
婚纪念日人们会送不同的礼物。由此可知，A. If two people reach their 10th anniversary, they
can expect to receive diamond jewelry.(如果两个人结婚满10周年，他们可以收到钻石首饰)
符合此处语境，介绍的是结婚10周年时人们送什么礼物。故选A。
39．根据下文“In Canada, couples can receive a message from the country’s governor-general
(总督) on their 50th anniversary, and on every fifth anniversary after that. In the US, the president
himself will send a greeting to couples that reach their 50th anniversary, and for every anniversary
after that.(在加拿大，夫妻可以在结婚 50 周年时收到该国总督的信息，之后的每五周年都
如此。在美国，总统本人会向结婚 50 周年的夫妇致以问候，并且包括之后的每个周年纪
念日)”可知，在加拿大和美国在结婚纪念日时，人们会收到领导人的祝贺。由此可知，D.
In Canada and the US, couples can even receive special congratulations from world leaders on
certain anniversaries.(在加拿大和美国，情侣们甚至可以在某些纪念日收到来自领导人的特
别祝贺)符合此处语境。故选D。
40．根据上文“In Canada, couples can receive a message from the country’s governor-general
(总督) on their 50th anniversary, and on every fifth anniversary after that. In the US, the president
himself will send a greeting to couples that reach their 50th anniversary, and for every anniversary
after that.(在加拿大，夫妻可以在结婚 50 周年时收到该国总督的信息，之后的每五周年都
如此。在美国，总统本人会向结婚 50 周年的夫妇致以问候，并且包括之后的每个周年纪
念日)”可知，在加拿大和美国在结婚纪念日时，人们会收到领导人的祝贺。再根据下文
“Or perhaps the truly cool thing is celebrating such a long life full of love and happiness with
your special someone.(或者，也许真正酷的事情是与你的另一半庆祝充满爱和幸福的一生)”
可知，相比收到国家领导人的祝贺，也许真正酷的事情是与你的另一半庆祝充满爱和幸福
的一生。由此可知，G. How cool would it be to get a letter from the president?(收到总统的信
会有多酷？)能够承上启下，符合此处语境。故选G。
