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考点 18 说明文类七选五
（原卷版）
【命题解读】
实际上，“七选五”的题目选择不是个个都难，难就难在其中 1～3道特别的题目上，
这些题目或是因为蕴含的信息更为丰富，或是选项高度相似，或是逻辑关系相近，总让人
感到很是纠结。那么，此时学生就要学会利用种种重复信息，达到抽丝剥茧的效果。
【解题技能训练思维导图】原 词重复信息
原词复现是指一个句子中的关键词(常为动词、名词、形容词)会反复出现在文中的其他
句子中。这些词会以不同词类、词性、数、格、时态、语态等形式出现。如：“looks”与
“looking”“looked”；“go”与“going”“went”等。根据语言习惯，第一句的宾语往往是第二
句的主语，或者前后句有相同、重叠的词语。因此，要学会寻找空格前后句句中的相同关键
词。
【例】 [2021·全国卷甲]Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. 37.Less people than
that, and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes
uncontrollable.
__38__.They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.
A．Less people than that
B．Hold a clothing swap
C．If two people are competing
D．Just keep music playing throughout
E．Donate whatever clothes are left over
F．Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G．Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
解析：本题考查原词复现。本段空白后“They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to
carry their ‘new’ clothes home.”讲他们还应准备大量的可回收的袋子，来把“新”衣服带回
家。其中的“clothes”原词复现是解题提示，同时“new”表明衣服应该是好的，对应G选项
中的“clean”“in good condition”。
自主解答：________
代词重复信息
为了避免与上文提到的名词重复，用不同的代词指代上文提到的人、事物或事件。如：it指代单数名词、不可数名词、句子；they指代复数名词；ones泛指复数名词。还有反身代
词、指示代词、关系代词等。
【例】 [2021·浙江卷1月]Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all
customers stand in one long，snaking line—called a serpentine line—and serve each person at the
front with the next available register. __34__ This is what they do at most banks and fast-food
restaurants. With a serpentine line，a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people
who lined up behind it. Instead，it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout
overall.
A．Why does this always seem to happen to you?
B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?
C．Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E．How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
F．With three registers，this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G．But sometimes，as on a Sunday afternoon，the system gets particularly busy.
解析：本题考查上下文衔接。前一段提到如果商店中排起了三个结账的队伍，那么结账时
延误情况的出现是随机的。本段提到研究人员为解决这一问题，想出了一个好办法：让所
有人排成一队，排在最前面的人到可用的收银机处结账。F 项能很好地承接上文，同时F
项中的this method是空后This的指代对象，代词重复是一个很好的解题信号。
派生词重复信息
派生词重复信息是指文中选项位置的前后两句中出现意义相关的派生词，因表达的需要
而重复出现一到两次，重复出现的过程中，上下文存在着逻辑关系，起着前后衔接作用，这
有利于做题时锁定关键词，找出正确答案。
【例】 [2021·全国卷乙]And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you're
faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party，the only thing that always gets everyone talkingagain is to give the host a compliment (赞扬). __40__.Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake
is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
A．How do you know the host
B．The first step is to go exploring
C．If you ask the question “How did you get here？”
D．Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F．What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talking
G．He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
解析：考查上下文衔接。本段主要讲面对“dinner-party killer：awkward silence”(晚宴杀手：
尴尬的沉默)时应该怎么办。根据空前的“the only thing that always gets everyone talking again
is to give the host a compliment (赞扬)”可知，解决办法是赞扬晚宴的主人，G项“He or she is
the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most”(他或她是最能感受到这种尴
尬的人)符合语境。G选项中的“He or she”指代the host，“awkwardness”同义复现也是解题
提示。
同义重复信 息
此处的同义多指意义相同或相近的词、词组或句子，如room和space。
【例】 [2021·浙江卷1月]If there are three lines in the store，delays will happen randomly at
different registers. Think about the probability：__33__ So it's not just in your mind：Another line
probably is moving faster.
A．Why does this always seem to happen to you?
B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?
C.Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E．How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
F．With three registers，this method is much faster than the traditional approach.G．But sometimes，as on a Sunday afternoon，the system gets particularly busy.
解析：考查上下文衔接。空前的probability与D项中的chances和one in three呼应，同时D
项与空后一句“So it's not just in your mind：Another line probably is moving faster”呼应，符
合语境。
反 义重复信息
顾名思义，此处指上下文中有互为相反词义的单词、短语或者意思相反的句子。
【例】 [2021·全国卷甲]A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization
of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
·Invite 5 — 10 people so you have a nice selection. __37__， and there may not be enough things
to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
A．Less people than that
B．Hold a clothing swap
C．If two people are competing
D．Just keep music playing throughout
E．Donate whatever clothes are left over
F．Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G．Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
解析：根据本段空白处后文“more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable”，超过5－10人，
则无法控制，可知分号前后是两个相反意义的对比关系，根据反义信息“more than”，可以
推理得知空白处想表达人太少的含义。
【真题 1】【2022年新高考2卷】
Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made
easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
___16___ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to yourpaper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay
loose and free. ___17___ Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique
won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect.
___18___ Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a
wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the
jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway.
The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for
revision. ___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块)
of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is
too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor.
___20___ The resulting blank space invites you to revise.
A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
【真题 2】【2022年全国乙卷】
Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain
(保持) long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and
share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.
___36___.
·More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants
to be contacted and what method works best for you both. ___37___. There are alternatives to
constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.·Practise empathy (共情)
___38___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time
demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be
sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
· ___39___
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although
technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on
special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important
dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don’t rely on technology alone
___40___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious
effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-
face time together whenever possible.
A. Remember important dates
B. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
【真题 3】【2022年1月浙江卷】
I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do,but I have made specific choices that allow
me to make the most of every day,and still feel happy and relaxed 31
Pick the most important
32 Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive . I chose the life of an
adviser because I like to work with companies ,but don’t want the life of a big company
CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle I want.
Combine your activities
Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends,family,work,play
,etc 33 Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner .Build your social life aroundpeople in your work environment .Find people in your company who share
common interests and develop your career (职业）around the people and activities you
love.
34
You would think learning takes more time from you,but actually there are always new
ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks,freeing you up for the most
important .Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there.
Lighten up
The world won’t come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things
undone .Celebrate progress and keep refining( 改 进 )toward a happy productive
existence 35 . Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.
A.Speed up
B.Be an active learner
C.Stop trying to balance time between them all
D.Make choices about what is meaningful in your life
E.The things you do well usually give you greater joy
F.Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time
G.This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook
【真题 4】【2021年新高考1卷】
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 1 So the first thing we did was
rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny
that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn't entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the
plumbing （水管）worked. 2 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice
that said, "Ouverture des portes, " in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I
mastered, and it's a shame l don't have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone
noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gainweight. 3 French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in
your mouth like little flavor bombs.
4 On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to
pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little
sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they
cost ＄18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency （效率）. You can
tell this by café life. French cafés are always crowded. 5 When do these people work?
The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously—so seriously that some labor unions
recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that
independent contractors can be on call.
A.Not all the customers are tourists.
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G.The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
【真题 5】【2021年新高考2卷】
If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read
-probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will
appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. ____16____
·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which
supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. ____17____
____18____ Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help
you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten
minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run.
If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time.____19____ A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than
one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the
latter you may only be able to read one page.
Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. ____20____Note also the facts important for
your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You don't have to write these
things in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder .
A. Stop to have a rest now and then.
B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
C. This depends on the type of book you are reading.
D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance.
F. You may find yourself having to leam something by heart.
G. Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.
【真题 6】【2021年全国甲卷】
You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and
paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources （资源） to make, and buying
loads of new clothing (or throwing out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment. So
what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes
piled on your bedroom floor? 1 . It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score
clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event,
and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
• Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection. 2 , and there may not be enough
things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
• 3 . They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes
home.
• Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. 4 . Place a few
mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. Oneof the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they
take them —things always look different when you put them on.
• Set a starting time. Maybe you say "go, " or turn on a certain song, or
whatever. 5 . And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a
party!
A.Less people than that
B.Hold a clothing swap
C.If two people are competing
D.Just keep music playing throughout
E.Donate whatever clothes are left over
F.Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G.Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
【真题 7】【2021年全国乙卷】
According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it's not difficult to
make yourself interesting at a dinner party.
1 , if you're out of your comfort zone or if you're wandering into somebody's
house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying
different foods and talking to strangers.
People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question
other than "What do you do for a living? ", you'll be able to get a lot more interesting
conversation out of whomever it is you're talking to. 2 , it can bring in "I have this
old, broken-down vehicle" or "I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at
silly jokes in the back." It just opens up conversation.3 ? If you can't take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away
their soapbox（讲台）. If you're the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen
with something and just remove them from the situation. 4 .
And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you're faced with
an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again
is to give the host a compliment （赞扬）. 5 . Just quickly turn around and say,
"This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it."
So being interesting at a dinner party isn't that hard.
A.How do you know the host
B.The first step is to go exploring
C.If you ask the question "How did you get here?"
D.Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E.Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F.What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talking
G.He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【真题 8】【2021年6月浙江卷】
You've got mail…and it's a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his
mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls.
Or China's Great Wall. 1
"I often send postcards to family and friends, " he says to China Daily, "but you can
imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not
everyone is into it, 2 " Seeking other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started
looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online, Many would say the Internet is a place forpeople who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo's hunch（直觉）paid
off.
Today his hobby has developed into the website postcrossing. com, a social network
that has grown to 575, 217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it
10 years ago. 3 Running the website has almost turned into a full-time job.
Language is certainly a barrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a
common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other.
As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if
one doesn't understand it. 4 So a common language is required and in postcrossing
that's English since it's widely spoken.
"Many people in China have limited exposure to Engish. 5 That said, we know
of many postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their
English skills through their use of postcrossing. " Paulo says.
A.And that's totally fine.
B.That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
C.He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby.
D.Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E.On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F.Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the
fun away.
G.In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from
someone far away.
【真题 9】【2020·全国卷I】
A Few Tips for Self-AcceptanceWe all want it… to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out
of reach. 36. Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●37. Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow
them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than
theirs? Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings,
our mistakes and our failures. 38. You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than
getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有
同情心) response? ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to
look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a
job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. 39.
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal.
Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words
back to yourself. 40. Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements.
See how awesome you are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where do you start?
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start?
【真题 10】【2020·全国卷II】
Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions,
both at work and play. 36. . It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western
countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and
feeling, keeping intention clear. 37. , encouraging better and more frequent communication.In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common
ground in communication style can be a challenge. 38. . While the younger generations prefer to
communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a
learning curve(曲线). The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone(语气). Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it
ruined an entire day? 39. . Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note
can be softened with an encouraging smile.
40. , and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees
begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in
improving your work culture.
A. Message with emojis feel more conversational
B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E.Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F.Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G.An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
【真题 11】【2020·全国卷III】
A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a
new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the
party. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.
36. And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopeful presents.
37. Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local
stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives
and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to
decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.
38. This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There
are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the
party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a
housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may beasked to help unpack boxes. 39.
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would
actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. 40. Now most homes have central heating and
don’t use fires to keep warm.
A. This isn’t usual though.
B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E.It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F.The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G.This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
【真题 12】【2020·山东卷】
Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.16. Do you want to be a good
public speaker? Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when
you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public”at the expense of the”speaking. “ 17.
Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares
about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact,most
people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you
make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.18.
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.19. And like everything else in life, that takes
practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
20. It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer. “On the other hand,
you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go
on forever! “So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than
anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats
waiting for your speech finally to end.
A. Do the opposite.
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E.The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F.Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G.However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
【真题 13】【2020·浙江卷】
I experienced years of loneliness as a child. 31. His friends teased him about
babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine. With no other kids of my age
in the neighborhood, I had to spend hours by myself.
A bright spot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began early as my
mother read to me every evening. 32. I started reading books on my own before age 5 and my
mother took me to the public library once a week to borrow several books. I quickly graduated
from typical children’s books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened
new worlds to me. 33.
My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted. I tried making toy cars with
cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father
gave me. When my mother saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs were. 34. I
learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them into something new and
useful. It was a trait(特点) others found helpful, and I soon had friends who wanted to make
things with me.
35. My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the
weather or season. My brother, of course, raced off to be with his friends, while I had plenty to do
myself. There was making leaf houses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and so much more.
They’re all memories I treasure today.
A. I wasn't alone any longer.
B. I enjoyed reading stories aloud.
C. I was invited to play with another kid.
D. I loved the colorful photographs in the books.
E. Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.
F.Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things.G.My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me.
【模拟题 1】【2022·河北·模拟预测】
It happens to all of us and can be beyond annoyance, so why do we itch? You know the
feeling: There’s that spot on your arm, leg or back that just itches and begs for a deep, satisfying
scratch. ____1____ No matter how much you scratch, it just can’t be satisfied.
As we all know, itchy skin is a sensation that makes us want to scratch—but as soon as you
satisfy that need, you set off something called the itch-scratch cycle.____2____
The main reason that you feel itchy is that the skin cells or nerve endings near your skin have
become annoyed. ____3____ When you itch, you give yourself a scratch, the area of the body
that you have scratched releases chemicals including histamine, and it makes you itch more.
That’s why we use antihistamines for allergic reactions but they can also help for insect bites and
things like that.
____4____ The drier your skin becomes, the more likely the skin gets itchy. However, it is
sometimes caused not from the skin, but from what you see or hear. When you hear someone else
scratching their skin, or when you see images that suggest itch, like a picture of being bitten by a
mosquito, you get the urge to scratch. People with the allergic condition seem to be more easily
affected than those without the condition.____5____
A．Causes of itchy skin.
B．It is usually caused by dry skin.
C．It means you are going to end up feeling itchier.
D．Fortunately, there are ways you can get rid of it.
E．Being aware of this phenomenon can help interrupt its effect.
F．But you know giving in to that desire will only result in more problems.
G．Once you start scratching, your body creates a chemical reaction that makes you itchier.
【模拟题2】【2022·辽宁·一模】There are many costs of having a negative attitude in the workplace. Employees who don't
feel appreciated work less productively. They can have conflicts with other members. Negative
bosses spread their bad feelings to employees. Here are some ways to develop a positive spirit in
your workplace.
Be a model of kindness and respect. Employees look up to their bosses for an example of
how to behave in the workplace. ____6____ It is far better to be patient, kind, and respectful.
This is a great way to bring positivity to the workplace.
____7____ When employees are thanked for their good work, it gives them a warm feeling.
Everyone likes to be appreciated, and employees often toil(辛苦工作) for years without being
thanked for their hard work. Even “thank you” and a hand-shake go a long way toward making an
employee feel appreciated.
Make goals clear for everyone. Having a concrete goal to work toward gives employees
direction and positivity in the workplace. Employees like to know that their hard work is directed
toward a particular end. ____8____ This can be as simple as expressing your pride during a staff
meeting.
Put on a smile. Even if you’re having a difficult day, you can spread positivity by smiling.
When a boss is smiling, their employees find reasons to smile, too.____9____
Have an office wellness program. Have your human resources staff arrange a fitness program
for your employees. ____10____ Don't be punitive(惩罚性的) and tiring. Letting your
employees have a break to relax will make them happier and more productive.
A．Make it fun.
B．Encourage communication.
C．Have an attitude of gratitude.
D．When the goals are reached, have a little celebration.
E．When employees are not listened to, they feel unappreciated.
F．If the boss is disrespectful, that will become part of the company culture.
G．Dealing with a boss who is always serious makes the employees difficult to work with.
【模拟题 3】【2022·安徽·模拟预测】
Perhaps all of us want to leave good impressions on others at work. These impressions are
like labels pinned on us, but one of the best may be “knowledgeable”. If you soundknowledgeable, you’ll be taken seriously at meetings and elsewhere. ____11____ The following
ways may be helpful.
____12____
If you want to sound knowledgeable, form a single idea from the material you’ve gathered,
and deliver it clearly. No mater how much you know on a topic, the secret to audience engagement
is to put it down to a single, convincing idea.
Say, “Here’s what I believe ...” Or “My point is this ...” Be sure to state this idea in one short,
sharply focused sentence. ____13____
Provide a clear structure.
Once you state your idea, make the depth of your knowledge clear by offering proof points
that support your one idea. ____14____ They include Reasons, Ways, Steps in a Process, or a
Challenge/Response. Give your listeners clear signposts as you proceed through your structure.
Use tags like “the first reason,” “the second reason,” or “The challenge we faced ...” and “Our
response was ...
Simplify your language.
The simpler your words and sentences, the more profound you’ll sound. Suppose a colleague
reporting on a project says: “The satisfaction of all parameters implicates the completion of the
project mandate by Q4.” Hearing that, you have every right to be puzzled. A truly knowledgeable
colleague would simply say: “We expect to complete this project by year end.”
____15____ Therefore, you’d better choose simple words and short sentences. As Winston
Churchill said, “Short words are best, and the old words when short are best of all”.
A．Choose proper materials.
B．True wisdom lies in simplicity.
C．Boil it down to one message.
D．But what is a knowledgeable person like?
E．These points can be organized in a variety of ways.
F．But what exactly does it take to sound knowledgeable?
G．it will center your audience on a single meaningful thought.
【模拟题 4】【2022·河南洛阳·二模】
Why You Shouldn’t Exercise to Lose WeightMany of us are starting (or restarting) exercise in hopes of losing unwanted pounds. Aiming
to be more active is good. But if the main reason is to lose weight, your New Year’s resolution
could be very well backfire.
____16____, we often sour on it and stop working out. In a study of 30 overweight people
who participated in a 12-week exercise program and were interviewed afterward, this response
was typical: “It was quite disappointing that I didn’t lose a single pound.____17____.”
Perhaps the biggest problem with exercising to drop pounds is that it turns physical activity
into punishment—a price we have to pay for a slimmer body. How many times have you heard
someone say (or said yourself) “I’ll do extra exercise” after eating too much during the holidays or
at a celebratory dinner?____18____. As a consequence, we’re unlikely to enjoy it or to keep doing
it.
The takeaway is that we see exercise positively and actually do it when we focus on our well-
being rather than our weight. For some, the motivation may be an improved mood or less stress.
Others may find exercise makes them feel physically and mentally stronger.____19____. It can
help reduce the risk of heart disease, cancer, colds, etc. It can also improve sleep, make you
energetic, and prevent aging. What’s more, exercise can prevent weight gain and improve your
appearance.
____20____. It’s perhaps the most important thing you can do for your health. But to
improve the chances of success, focus on how movement helps you feel better physically and
emotionally—and forget about how it moves the needle on the scale.
A．It kind of made me give up
B．So by all means, try to exercise regularly in 2022
C．While it’s not very helpful for melting away pounds
D．When exercise fails to meet our weight-loss expectations
E．The benefits of physical activity are well beyond these aspects
F．We treat exercise as a form of self-punishment for being “bad” in the past
G．For starters, exercise, at least the kind most of us do, is typically ineffective for weight loss
【模拟题 5】【2022·广东广州·一模】
How does it feel when you solve your problem by yourself? Things may not always go as
planned, but being resourceful can help you stay calm and work your way out of tricky situations.Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem, using whatever
resources you have at the time. ____21____ They can also be anything else that’s useful, such as
information, advice or your own experience. It also means trusting your instincts, the ability
you’re born with, rather than through training and being confident about your ability to face
challenges. A resourceful person is not the one getting cross or panicking when something goes
wrong. They’re thinking about how to solve the problem.
_____22_____ when we learn to problem solve for ourselves rather than immediately going
to others for help, it can help to build our confidence, help us feel more independent, and feel
better about making decisions. Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking
creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared
next time. _____23_____ This can boost self-esteem, that is, how you feel about yourself.
When you’re facing a challenge, try to focus on the actual problem rather than how you feel
about it. Think about where and when it happened and what the causes are. Next, think up as many
solutions to the problem as you can. ____24____ Finally, review what has and hasn’t worked, so
you’re equipped to deal with a situation next time.
And remember, if you have a tricky problem that you’re unable to solve, then ask a trusted
adult for help. ____25____
A．You also learn what you’re good at.
B．Here is how you can be more resourceful.
C．These may be practical things like pens and paper.
D．No one is expected to solve all problems by themselves.
E．Resourcefulness is a skill that’s good for you in lots of ways.
F．They can be famous mottoes that always inspire us to move on.
G．Weigh up what’s good and bad about each one and choose the best.
【模拟题 6】【2022·全国·二模】
Confidence is at the heart of every successful person and it holds the key to success.
Regardless of how knowledgeable you are in your professional field, if you lack confidence your
success will be limited. ____26____ The following are 3 key tricks you may learn to increase
your confidence.
Know yourself. Take a long hard look in the mirror and make an honest and accurateassessment of your strengths and weaknesses. ____27____ as this will increase your confidence.
Meanwhile, take an effective approach toward improving your weaknesses. We all have areas in
our professional and personal lives that need to be improved. Ignoring them does not make them
go away. ____28____
Dress for success. Whether you like it or not, people make judgments about you based upon
how you dress. You only have one chance to make a good first impression. From a confidence
perspective, how you dress directly reflects how you feel about yourself. ____29____ if you are
wearing a business suit or sweat pants and a T-shirt. Therefore, be highly aware of your
appearance. Dress in a manner that reflects who you are and how you want to be perceived.
____30____. You can increase your confidence by seeking out one new challenge at a time.
Research shows confident people consistently seek out new challenges. Move on to the next one
when one challenge is successfully achieved. Success builds upon itself, therefore, success brings
success—all fueled by increased confidence!
A．Steady as you go
B．Put pressure on yourself
C．Continue to build upon your strengths
D．Research shows that you will feel differently about yourself
E．What you wear will unintentionally show your weaknesses to those around you
F．On the contrary, it only holds back your success and keeps your confidence low
G．Actually, confidence isn't what you're born with, but something learned over time
【模拟题 7】【2022·江苏南通·二模】
I am not sure how many books I have reread,but perhaps it is fewer than the average person.
____31____ The source material, though, is of course not.
I used to take the same approach to books as I did to travel: don't go to the same place
twice.Life is too short.____32____Then I realized that the fact that life is short might work the
other way around, too: if you know you enjoy something,or somewhere, then why not return?
Recently I reread Joseph Heller's Catch-22.I was inspired to do so when reminded of how
he'd respond when people rudely asked him why he'd never written anything as good:"Who
has?"Catch-22 pretty much saved my life when I first read it.____33____I had dropped out of
school twice,didn't leave the house at all and didn't have a life.It felt as though I hadn't laughed insuch a long time.
____34____It managed to take me out of the dark world, and though its themes are,of
course,serious,its cleverness cheered me greatly.I related to its characters who are themselves
trapped.I am now planning to reread the sort of books that inspired me in my own writing.
I won't take a break altogether from reading the most recent releases.I love the smell of new
books fresh from the printers.____35____
A．Catch-22 had me laughing.
B．My favourites are secondhand editions.
C．There is discomfort in reading recently-released books.
D．At that time I was an extremely depressed 17-year-old.
E．For me, the pleasure of rereading is a newly discovered one.
F．There is so much to read and so much to see and experience.
G．However,I have determined to dip more frequently into the old ones
【模拟题 8】【2022·内蒙古·包头市第四中学一模】
In the United States and Britain, 70th wedding anniversaries are known as “platinum
anniversaries (铂金婚)”. ____36____ For example, celebrating the first year of marriage is
known as a “paper anniversary”. Fifty years of marriage marks a “gold anniversary”. And the term
“diamond anniversary” is used to describe a marriage that has lasted for 60 years.
____37____ In the US, people give gifts to couples when they reach certain years of their
marriage. The first year anniversary is marked by giving the couple a clock. ____38____ And
they can get musical instruments when they reach their 24th anniversary.
____39____ In Canada, couples can receive a message from the country’s governor-general
(总督) on their 50th anniversary, and on every fifth anniversary after that. In the US, the president
himself will send a greeting to couples that reach their 50th anniversary,and for every anniversary
after that.
____40____ Or perhaps the truly cool thing is celebrating such a long life full of love and
happiness with your special someone.
A．If two people reach their 10th anniversary, they can expect to receive diamond jewelry.
B．People in different countries have their own ways of celebrating wedding anniversaries.
C．The 25th wedding anniversary is popularly referred to as the “silver anniversary”D．In Canada and the US, couples can even receive special congratulations from world leaders on
certain anniversaries.
E．People often celebrate their wedding anniversary by having dinner at an expensive restaurant.
F．In fact, there are many different terms that are used to describe different marriage lengths.
G．How cool would it be to get a letter from the president?
