专题11 现在分词
目录
01 知识脑图·学科框架速建
02 考点精析·知识能力全解
【知能解读01】现在分词形式多样化
【知能解读02】现在分词短语作定语
【知能解读03】现在分词短语作表语
03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破
【重难点突破01】现在分词短语作补足语
【重难点突破02】现在分词短语作插入语
04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗
【易混易错01】现在分词短语作状语
05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解
【方法技巧】现在分词与状语从句的省略
01 现在分词形式多样化
现在分词的被动式、完成式和否定式（以动词do 为例）
内容
主动
用法
否定式
not doing
Not knowing his address, I couldn’t visit him.
因为不知道他的地址，我没法去拜访他。
一般式
doing
He stormed out, slamming the door.
他气冲冲摔门而去。
被动式
being done
Being treated
in the hospital
, he missed the exam.
由于正在医院接受治疗，他错过了考试。
完成式
having done
Having read
the book
, he wrote a review.
读完这本书后，他写了一篇评论。
完成被动式
having been done
Having been told
the news
, she burst into tears.
被告知那个消息后，她大哭起来。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. (try) many times already, Mr. Brown still couldn’t solve the problem.
2. Not (know) her address or phone number, we couldn't get in touch with her.
3. With crowds of journalists (surround) him, he was at a loss what to say.
4. (tell) many times, he still made the same mistake.
5. The matter (discuss) now is of vital importance and it concerns our plan.
02 现在分词短语作定语
1. 现在分词作定语，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作，单个现在分词作前置定语。
The sleeping child is only five years old.
正在睡觉的孩子只有五岁。
We followed the winding path through the forest.
我们沿着蜿蜒的小路穿过森林。
2. 现在分词短语修饰名词作后置定语，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作。
The girl sitting by the window is my sister.
坐在窗边的女孩是我妹妹。
I know the boy playing football on the playground.
我认识那个在操场上踢足球的男孩。
3. measure, weigh 表示“测量起来……长”，“称起来……重”，作定语只能用现在分词形式。
We need a rope measuring at least 50 meters for this climbing task.
这项攀爬任务需要一根至少 50 米长的绳子。
The box weighing 20 kilograms was too heavy for the child to carry.
那个重 20 公斤的箱子太重了，孩子搬不动。
4. belong to 属于, date from=date back to 追溯到, consist of 由……组成, arise from 由……引起，take place
举行, break out 爆发, 等短语常用现在分词形式作定语。
We visited a temple dating from the Ming Dynasty during our trip.
旅行中我们参观了一座始建于明代的寺庙。
The painting belonging to a private collector was exhibited last month.
那位私人收藏家的画作上个月展出了。
5.易错提醒：having done 不能作定语；being done 作定语，表示一个被动的、正在进行的动作。
The experiment being conducted
in the lab
now
requires careful observation.
实验室里正在进行的实验需要仔细观察。
The novel being written
by the famous author currently
will be published next year.
那位著名作家正在写的小说将于明年出版。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. An exhibition (feature)Chinese civilisation was held at the Palace Museum, with more than 130
pieces or sets of precious cultural relics displayed.
2. The Yangtze River, (originate) from the “roof of the world”, is about 2.7 times the length of the
Pearl River.
3. The matter (discuss) now is of vital importance and it concerns our plan.
4. The equipment (measure) only 3 millimeters in length can detect the electronic signals.
5. A medical team (consist) of 5 doctors and 2 nurses set off for the earthquakestricken area.
6. Ian has a brother (work) in a bank in London and a sister (study) economics at
university in Manchester.
7. Lots of students (stand) outside of the office are waiting for their examination results.
8. The smart window, (function) as a solar panel, generates electricity while allowing natural light
to flood the room.
9. It is said that the treasured painting (belong) to the City Museum was secretly stolen.
10. We’re excited that a satellite (weigh) 10 tons was successfully placed in orbit yesterday.
03 现在分词短语作表语
1. 现在分词作表语，放在系动词之后，说明主语的身份、性质或情况，常翻译为“令人……”。
The idea sounds exciting. 这个主意听起来很令人兴奋。
The situation is becoming alarming.局势正变得令人担忧。
2. 过去分词作表语，表示“感到……”，主语多为人。
The tiger was frightening and he was too frightened to move.
老虎很可怕，他吓得不敢动了。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. So he remained (stand) upright, and since he was tired, he yawned.
2. The guests came in, but she remained (sit) by the desk.
3. (sit) in the armchair is an old man in his eighties.
4. Progress is always (motivate); any small progress can inspire positive emotions that will make you work
harder.
5. The plot of the drama was so (absorb) that the girl was attracted by it.
01 现在分词短语作补足语
1.观感使役类动词接现在分词作宾补，表示与宾语之间主动关系。
妙记--注意让迈克听听看看这块表有啥感觉（汉语谐音）
(notice, let, make, hear, listen to, see, observe, watch, have, feel)。
I noticed a group of children playing in the park.
我注意到一群孩子正在公园里玩耍。
He felt his heart beating fast when he saw her.
看到她时，他感觉自己的心跳得很快。
2. 现在分词用于“with+名词/代词+ doing”结构，表示与宾语之间主动关系。
We sat on the grass with children laughing around us.
我们坐在草地上，孩子们在周围嬉笑着。
She stood there with tears rolling down her cheeks.
她站在那里，眼泪顺着脸颊滚落。
3.易错提醒：上述结构用过去分词表示与宾语之间被动关系。
With the problem solved, we all felt a sense of relief.
问题解决后，我们都松了一口气。
She couldn’t go to the party with her leg broken.
因为腿断了，她不能去参加派对。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. I suddenly woke up at midnight when I heard someone (knock) at the door.
2. He stood on the sidewalk with his hands (bury) in the pockets of his dark overcoat.
3. In 1943, a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke (rise) from a small part of his land.
4. The earthquakes that happened recently around the globe leave us (wonder) if there will be more
trouble ahead.
5. With the guide (show) us around these scenic spots, we are sure to have a merry time.
02 现在分词短语作插入语
现在分词短语作插入语时，通常与句子主体用逗号隔开，独立于句子的语法结构之外，用于补充说明说话
人的态度、看法，或提供额外的背景信息、解释说明等。
frankly/honestly/strictly speaking 坦率地/如实地/严格地说
judging from/by 根据…来判断
talking of 谈到
considering 考虑到……
Honestly speaking, the movie wasn’t as good as I expected.
老实说，这部电影没我预期的那么好。
Judging from his accent, he must be from the south of China.
从他的口音判断，他一定来自中国南方。
Talking of travel, have you been to Japan?
说到旅行，你去过日本吗？
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. (compare) traditional guidebooks with digital planners, travelers have found the latter more user-
friendly.
2. Generally (speak), he is a talented student.
3. (judge) from your grades, you’ve been putting a lot of effort into your studies.
4. (judge) from the current situation, a new plan should be put forward as soon as possible.
5. (talk) of travel, have you ever been to Beijing?
01 现在分词短语作状语
1. 现在分词短语作状语用来修饰主句的动作或状态，通常表示时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随、方式、
结果等逻辑关系。其逻辑主语通常与主句的主语一致，且与主句之间常用逗号隔开。
Walking along the street, I met an old friend.
在街上走的时候，我遇到了一位老朋友。
They walked in the park, talking and laughing.
他们在公园里散步，有说有笑。
2. having done 作状语，表示该动作早于谓语动词动作发生。
Having finished his homework, he started watching TV.
完成作业后，他开始看电视。
Having lived in China for years, he still can’t speak Chinese well.
虽然在中国住了多年，他还是说不好中文。
3.现在分词短语的否定式是在其前边加上否定词not。
Not knowing his address, I can’t send him the letter.
由于不知道他的地址，我没法给他寄信。
Not having studied hard, he failed the final exam.
因为没有努力学习，他期末考试没通过。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Jessica and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, ________ (stop) everywhere from
Paris to Singapore.
2. He sat there for two hours, ________ (consider) how to design the advertisement.
3. ________ (stare) at the stars, she felt a sense of peace wash over her, as if all the worries had suddenly faded
away.
4. ________ (tell) many times, he still made the same mistake.
5. ________ (wait) in the queue for an hour, the man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.
现在分词与状语从句的省略
状语从句含有it is 或者主从句主语一致且含有be 动词时，省略主语和be 动词。如果用“从属连词+现在分
词”，强调从句谓语动词与句子主语之间的主动关系；“从属连词+过去分词”强调二者之间被动关系。
While
(I am) studying
, I always listen to light music. 学习时，我总听轻音乐。
When
(he was) asked
about the accident, he kept silent.
★易错提醒：before 和after 后接动词，只能接动名词作宾语。
He became more confident after winning
the competition
. 赢得比赛后，他变得更自信了。
The document needs to be reviewed before being submitted.文件在提交前需要审核。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. I was taught by my tai chi coach how to relax my muscles and focus on peace of mind while ____________
(perform) the routine.
2. When ____________ (serve) in the army during the Second World War, he carried six chapters of the book.
3. While ____________ (hike) in the mountains, they often stop to admire the scenery.
4. If ____________ (paint) green, the door might look more beautiful.
5. When ____________ (compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without
noticing the similarities.
一、单句填空
在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. (2025 北京卷)When (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences.
2.（2023 全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful
existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old
fables.
3.（2023 新课标I 卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am
always left ___________ (want) more next time.
4.（2023 全国乙卷） (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of
old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
5.（2023 天津3 月卷）________(date) back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of
history.
6.（2023 新课标II 卷）They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 40 (visit) Chinese
zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
7.（2022 新课标I 卷） ___________ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the
GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
8.（2022 全国甲卷）Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He
flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on seat 20, ___________ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
9.（2022 新课标II 卷）When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry
现在分词综合能力提升
ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the __________ (fall) child.
10.（2022 全国乙卷）To strengthen the connection with young people, the event included a number of public
promotional activities on social media, ___________ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world
to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
11.（2021 新课标II 卷）I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ___________ (think)it is
food.
12.（2021 北京卷）From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, ___________
(result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss.
13.（2021 新课标I 卷）Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the
whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ___________ (ache) legs.
14.（2021 浙江1 月卷）This may be due to some disadvantages for people ___________ (live) in the countryside,
including lower levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
15. （2020 全国III 卷）And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds, ___________
(surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
二、现在分词助力读后续写
1. (2025 全国一卷)一天晚上，我拿起电话给他留了条语音信息，问我们能不能见个面。
________________________________________________________________________________________
2. (2025 全国一卷)我的同学们围着我，他们的问题像潮水般涌了出来。
________________________________________________________________________________________
3. (2024 浙江1 月卷)作为一名大一新生，她经常在6 层楼的迷宫中迷路，这让她非常无助。
________________________________________________________________________________________
4. (2023 新高考I 卷)当我读到那封宣布我的文章获得第一名的贺信时，我的心跳加速！
________________________________________________________________________________________
5. (2023 新高考I 卷)泪水几乎模糊了我的视线，我给了他一个大大的拥抱。
________________________________________________________________________________________
6. (2023 新高考I 卷) “祝贺你！”我的老师骄傲地说，眼里噙满了泪水。
________________________________________________________________________________________
7. (2023 新高考I 卷)当我走进办公室时，他从办公桌上抬起头来，脸上洋溢着自豪的笑容。
________________________________________________________________________________________
8. (2023 新高考I 卷)有人叫我去参加写作比赛的颁奖典礼，我惊讶得目瞪口呆。
________________________________________________________________________________________
9. (2023 新高考I 卷)他拍了拍我的肩膀，深情地笑了笑：“最重要的是你的努力。”
________________________________________________________________________________________
10. (2023 新高考I 卷)每当回首这件事，我都对他感激不尽。
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