第15 讲 动词时态之进行时
目录
01
考情解码·命题预警
3
02 体系构建·思维可视.................................................................................................................................................3
03 核心突破·靶向攻坚.................................................................................................................................................4
考点一 现在进行时.............................................................................................................................................4
知识点1 现在进行时的构成及具体用法...........................................................................................................4
知识点2 现在分词的规则与不规则变化...........................................................................................................5
知识点3 现在进行时的特殊用法........................................................................................................................5
考向1 考查现在进行时......................................................................................................................................6
考点二 过去进行时.............................................................................................................................................6
知识点 过去进行时的构成及具体用法............................................................................................................6
考向2 考查过去进行时......................................................................................................................................7
考点三 现在完成进行时.....................................................................................................................................8
知识点 现在完成进行时的构成及具体用法....................................................................................................8
考向3 考查现在完成进行时..............................................................................................................................9
考点四 将来进行时.............................................................................................................................................9
知识点 将来进行时的构成及具体用法............................................................................................................9
考向4 考查将来进行时....................................................................................................................................10
考点五 过去完成进行时...................................................................................................................................11
知识点 过去完成进行时的构成及具体用法..................................................................................................11
考向5 考查过去完成进行时............................................................................................................................11
考点六 易混时态辨析.......................................................................................................................................12
知识点1 过去进行时与一般过去时辨析.........................................................................................................12
知识点2 现在完成进行时与现在完成时辨析.................................................................................................12
知识点3 将来时与将来进行时辨析..................................................................................................................13
04 真题溯源 考向感知................................................................................................................................................13
年份
卷别
现在时
过去时
将来时（含被动）
2025
新高考I 卷
are revealed
新高考II 卷
is
北京卷
are achieved
浙江卷1 月
was painted
2024
新高考I 卷
walks
新高考II 卷
were
全国甲卷
were
浙江卷1 月
have started
北京卷
gives
was named; jogged
2023
新高考II 卷
wished
全国甲卷
become 改为becomes
make → made
(can) be employed
全国乙卷
was amazed
浙江卷1 月
featured
北京卷
has established
had arrived
would throw
考情
分析
从近三年高考试题来看，时态一直是高考的重要考点。集中在语法填空题型和阅读句意的
精准化理解以及写作中的正确运用。高考中常考的时态：一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时
（占近年试题80%以上）。中频时态：过去进行时、过去完成时。低频时态：将来时、进行时。
从命题思路上看强化语境理解：通过时间状语、并列谓语、固定句式等线索判断时态。
突出实际运用：结合环境保护、传统文化（如太极拳、年糕）、科技发展等真实语境命题。
复习过程中熟记常见一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时等高考高频时态的构成和用法。
【复习目标】
1.
1. 系统复习并掌握时态的基本知识
2.
2. 熟练运用各种时态尤其是一般现在时、一般过去式和现在完成时。
3.
3. 掌握几种易混时态的区别。
4.
4. 强化在复杂语境中辨别时态的能力。
考点一 现在进行时
知识点1 现在进行时的构成及具体用法
构成：谓语动词＋doing
1.表示此刻正在进行的动作或存在的状态，常与时间状语now，at the moment，at present 等连用。
He is watching a football match on TV at home now.
他现在正在家里看电视上的足球赛。
2. 一些特定的表示动作趋向性的短暂性动词come, go, leave, get, start, open, arrive, begin, return 等常用现在
进行时表将来。
I am leaving for Shanghai to attend an important international meeting.
我要出发去上海参加一个重要的国际会议。
3. 现在进行时态与频率副词always，constantly 连用表达某种感情色彩，如不满、厌恶、赞赏等。
You are always forgetting the important thing.
你总是把重要的事情忘掉。(表达出不满的情绪)
She is always complaining. 她总是抱怨。
知识点2 现在分词的规则与不规则变化
情况
规则
例词
一般情况
加-ing
try→trying; cry→crying
以不发音的e 结尾的动词，
去掉e，加ing
hate→hating；date→dating
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动
词，
双写辅音字母加ing
regret→regretting；ban→banning
知识点3 现在进行时的特殊用法
下列动词习惯上不用于进行时。
1. 感觉类：look, feel, smell, sound, taste, hear
2. 情感类：like ,love, prefer, admire, hate, fear, adore 等。
3. 心态类：hope, wish, want, need, expect, believe, think ,understand, agree, know, remember 等。
例1. I love my dad and mom. 我爱我的爸爸妈妈。
例2. These books belong to Jim.这些书属于吉姆。
考向 考查现在进行时
例1 As well as expanding renewable energy generation, EU member states (seek) fossil fuels from
other nations, such as gas from Qatar and oil from Saudi Arabia.
例2 We know that paper is made from trees. But as simple as that may sound, the paper manufacturing process is
actually very complicated, and it causes pollution. That’s why scientists (try) to modify the process to
reduce the harmful effects it brings to the environment now.
【变式训练1·变载体】Our vacation (approach), but we still can’t decide where to go.
名师点睛：本题考查现在进行时的特殊用法，用现在进行时表示将来含义。
【变式训练2·变情景】Professor Smith, along with his assistants, (work) on the project day and night
to meet the deadline these days.
考点二 过去进行时
知识点 过去进行时的构成及具体用法
构成：＋doing
1. 过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作或者存在的状态。
He was playing basketball with his friends on the playground at 3：00 pm yesterday.
昨天下午3 点他正在操场与他的朋友们一起打篮球。
2. 表示过去一个动作发生时另外一个动作正在进行。
She was watching TV when a burglar broke into her house.
她正在看电视，这时一个盗贼闯入她家。
3. 表示过去按计划、安排将要发生的动作，此用法常见动词有go，begin，leave，arrive，come，return
等。
I was coming to visit you later that day，but I had to phone and cancel.
我本打算那天晚些时候去看你，但是我不得不打电话取消了。
4. 表示礼貌 在这种用法中，过去进行时并不表示过去的情况，而是表示客气或礼貌。这类动词主要有
“hope, wonder, think”等。
I was wondering if you could help me look up the word “ergonomics”.
不知道你是否能帮我查一下ergonomics。
5. 用于描写故事情景，或提供故事发生的时间背景。
It was a dark night and it was snowing heavily.
那是一个漆黑的夜晚，雪下的很大。
考向2 考查过去进行时
例1 His family (rush) him to hospital in a vehicle when they came across an ambulance attending to
another callout and flagged it down.
例2 He spent a lot of time meeting with people throughout the company and trying to figure out how the
company________ (try) to handle issues and what those problems were.
【变式训练1·变载体】I (turn) the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn
caused the spare pages to fall off the stand.
【变式训练2·变情景】4．The manager as well as the staff (chat) cheerfully during the tea break
when the boss came in.
考点三 现在完成进行时
知识点 现在完成进行时的构成及具体用法
构成：been＋doing
1. 常用来表示开始于过去某个时间，一直持续到现在并且会继续进行下去的动作。常和下列时间状语this
month, all this time, this week, all the morning 等连用。
例1. For days the kids have been looking for others we can help.
几天以来，孩子们一直在找我们能够帮助的其他人。
例2. Chinese people have been coming here for more than a hundred year.
一百多年来，中国人一直来这里。
2. 表示到目前为止的一段时间里一直在反复进行的动作。
例1. I have been calling him many times this morning，but there's no answer.
今天早晨我一直给他打了很多电话，但是没人接。
例2. I feel a little tired because I have been playing basketball.
我有些累，我刚才一直在打篮球。
3.表示感情色彩。
例1. I have been wanting to meet you for a long time.
和你见面是我盼望已久的事情。
例3. Too much has been happening today.
今天真是一个多事的日子。
考向3 考查现在完成进行时
例1 For the past two years, they (study) ways to kill bacteria under zero gravity.
例2 It’s good to have a different focus. People (bring) their children in to see the hens and residents
come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something
useful.
【变式训练1·变载体】This organic farm (produce) fine Italian olive oil since 1917. It will provide
more high-quality olive oil in the future.
【变式训练2·变载体】I think Martin (do) some experiments these days. He has to finish a paper
before the end of this month.
考点四 将来进行时
知识点 将来进行时的构成及用法
构成：will be doing
1. 表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作，或按预测将来会发生的事情。
例1. This time next week I'll be lying on the beach，enjoying the sunshine.
下星期这个时候，我正躺在海滩上，享受着阳光。
例2. In the future, we will be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about
everything in our home.
在未来， 我们每天都会使用先进技术对家中几乎所有东西进行自动化控制。
2. 表示在将来某一时刻开始并持续下去的动作，强调动作的持续性。
例. It’s raining. I hope it won’t be raining tomorrow. 下雨了。我希望明天不要下了。
3. 表示客气地询问别人的打算。
例.Will you be passing the cinema when you are out?
你出去时会经过电影院吗？
4. 表示安排将要做的事情。
例.We will be spending the winter in Hainan.
我们将在海南过冬。
考向4 考查将来进行时
例1 Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They (move) on the
track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously.
例2We (hold) a free taster session on 23rd May, at 10 am, to demonstrate the variety of effective and
active exercises.
【变式训练1·变情景】Next weekend at this time, the entire family (gather) at our grandparents’
house, enjoying a delicious homemade meal.
【变式训练2·变载体】I’ll (start) a new job next month, however, so maybe things will get easier.
考点五 过去完成进行时
知识点 过去完成进行时的构成及用法
构成：had been＋doing
表示一直持续到过去某一时间的动作，这一动作可能刚结束，也可能仍在进行。过去完成进行时必须以一
个过去的时间为前提。
例1.He had been working in a factory before he came to Beijing.
他来之前一直在工厂上班。
例2.She had been living here before she went to Shanghai.
她去上海之前一直住在这里。
考向5 考查过去完成进行时
例1The book that I (look for) for a long time was finally found in the library.
例2It was a big day for Liu Jing, an overseas Chinese student in Paris. She (work) with her friends for
three months on an exhibition.
【变式训练1·变情景】Our factories (produce) bikes for ten years before the electric ones appeared.
【变式训练2·变考法】For weeks I had been working on this, listening to Grandpa’s stories, selecting his favorite
music and (collect) photos from the family album.
考点六 易混时态辨析
知识点1 过去进行时与一般过去时
一般过去时侧重说明过去发生的动作的事实，往往已经完成。过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻正在进行的
动作，侧重强调动作的持续，一般还没有完成。
例1. They built a skyscraper. 他们建了一座摩天大楼。（已经完成）
例2. They were building a skyscraper.他们正在建一座摩天大楼。（没有完成）
例3. He took exercise after he got up.起床后他去锻炼身体了。
例4. He was taking exercise when he met Mr Smith.他在锻炼身体时碰到了史密斯先生。
知识点2 现在完成进行时与现在完成时
1. 现在完成时表示动作已经完成，现在完成进行时表示动作未完成；现在完成时表示动作过程的持续
性，现在完成进行时强调动作持续的长久性。
例1. I have watered the flowers this morning. （动作已经完成）今天早晨我已经浇过花了。
例2. I have been watering the flowering this morning. （动作一直在持续）
今天早晨我一直在浇花。
易错提醒：
状态动词、情感动词和知觉动词，如
see,feel,know,
love
等，不能用于现在完成进行时，但可以
用于现在完成时。
(错误)I have been knowing her for a long time.
(正确）I have known her for a long time.
2. 现在完成时同某些频度副词或数词连用时，表示反复的但可能有间断的动作；现在完成进行时可以表
示反复的、不间断的动作，不能同具体数词或表示具体词数的词连用。
(错误) I have been reading this book three times.
(正确)I have read this book three times.
知识点3 将来时与将来进行时
will do 与will be doing will 含有“愿意”的意思，因此will do 含有主观意愿，而will be doing 只是单
纯表示未来的情况。
例1. Jane won’t pay this bill.
简不肯付这笔钱。（表示意愿）
例2. Jane won’t be paying this bill.
不会由简来付钱。（单纯谈未来情况）
例3. Will you join us for dinner?
你愿意和我们一起吃晚饭吗？（表示邀请）
例4. Will you be joining us for dinner?
你会来和我们一起吃晚饭吗？（单纯谈未来的情况）
1.（2022 新课标II 卷）Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric
hanging from the balcony.
2.（2023 天津3 月卷）Some restaurants are happy to provide a free cake if you let them know in advance that
you ________a group for a birthday party.
A．will be bringing
B．have brought
C．have been bringing
D．were bringing
3.（2023 天津6 月卷）The wooden tower that _________ will be open to tourists soon, and the work is almost
finished.
A．is being restored
B．is restored
C．is restoring
D．restores
4. （2020 北京卷）The Neanderthals_________ （live ）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of
thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago.
5.（2022 新课标II 卷）Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric
hanging from the balcony.
