微波3D打印重大突破:电路可直接嵌入物体内部-夜雨聆风

微波3D打印重大突破:电路可直接嵌入物体内部

shuffle News | Vol.177《微波精确加热实现3D打印物体内部电路构建》

原文来源：tom’s HARDWARE

原文日期：2026年4月19日

原文链接：

https://www.tomshardware.com/3d-printing/researchers-find-a-way-to-heat-3d-printer-filament-using-microwaves-enabling-fusing-circuits-inside-printed-objects-tech-supports-precise-heating-down-to-the-width-of-a-human-hair

本文翻译仅供语言学习与个人分享使用，版权归原作者所有。封面为AI生成。

Rice University Team Develops Meta-NFS Technology

莱斯大学团队开发Meta-NFS技术

A team of researchers from Rice University has achieved a new breakthrough in 3D printing that has unlocked the construction of brand-new electronic tech that was previously impossible. As reported by New Atlas, a paper published by the aforementioned team describes a new 3D-printing process using microwaves capable of heating up nanoparticle ink with extreme precision.

来自Rice University（莱斯大学）的一组研究人员在3D打印领域取得了新的突破，解锁了此前无法实现的全新电子技术构建方式。据New Atlas（一家专注前沿科技与创新报道的媒体）报道，该团队发表的一篇论文描述了一种全新的3D打印工艺，该工艺利用微波对纳米颗粒墨水进行极高精度的加热。

Meta-NFS Enables Hair-Width Precision Heating

Meta-NFS实现发丝级精度加热

This bleeding-edge microwave tech, called “Meta-NFS” or metamaterial-inspired near-field electromagnetic structure, can heat ink in a concentrated zone as small as a human hair. Further still, the microwaves can be programmed to penetrate through an object’s outer layer to heat the inside layers without causing damage to the exterior.

这种前沿微波技术被称为“Meta-NFS”，是一种基于超材料的近场电磁结构（指在非常小范围内精确控制电磁能量的技术），可以在一个小至人类发丝宽度的区域内对墨水进行加热。微波还可以被编程，甚至可以穿透物体外层，在不损伤外部的情况下对内部层进行加热。

Overcoming Limitations of Traditional Manufacturing

突破传统制造方式的限制

This incredible accuracy enables the printer to fuse circuits inside a 3D printed object, something that has been impossible to do with outgoing manufacturing methods, and is a problem that has plagued the industry for a decade. Current manufacturing methods use lasers and furnaces to heat nanoparticles in circuit boards from the outside in. This works for traditional electronic manufacturing, but prevents 3D printers from making specialized electronics that interface with softer materials.

这种惊人的精度使打印机能够在3D打印物体内部融合电路，这在以往制造方法中是无法实现的，也是困扰行业十多年的问题。目前的制造方法使用激光和工业炉从外到内加热电路板中的纳米颗粒。这种方式适用于传统电子制造，但限制了3D打印在柔性材料电子设备中的应用。

Expanded Material Compatibility and Efficiency Gains

材料兼容性扩展与效率提升

Meta-NFS also allows 3D printers to use an expanded assortment of materials, including metals, ceramics, and thermoset polymers. Further, the tech also reportedly improves production efficiency through real-time adjustments in microwave power, enabling a Meta-NFS printer to create a print (in one continuous print) without swapping materials.

Meta-NFS还扩展了3D打印机可使用的材料范围，包括金属、陶瓷和热固性聚合物（加热后会永久固化、无法再次软化重塑的材料）。此外，该技术还可以通过实时调整微波功率来提高生产效率，使打印机能够在一次连续打印中完成整个制造过程，而无需更换材料。

New Applications in Robotics, Implants, and Plants

在机器人、植入设备和植物领域的新应用

Meta-NFS’s abilities are enabling the creation of new electronic tech that was previously difficult to accomplish with conventional manufacturing. A few of these applications include integration of electronics onto robots with soft skin, implants, and even plants. The researchers showed several examples, including using Meta-NFS to print wireless strain sensors on biocompatible polymers and create devices that can integrate into plants for real-time growth monitoring. This was only possible through Meta-NFS’s compatibility with metal and carbon-based materials.

Meta-NFS正在推动新型电子技术的发展，使许多在传统制造方式下难以实现的应用成为可能。例如，可以将电子设备集成到柔性皮肤机器人、植入物，甚至植物中。研究人员展示了多个案例，包括在生物兼容聚合物上打印无线应变传感器，以及制造可嵌入植物、用于实时监测生长状态的设备。这些应用得以实现，离不开Meta-NFS对金属和碳基材料的良好兼容性。

A Key Technology for Future Electronic Manufacturing

未来电子制造的关键技术

These are just a few of the applications Meta-NFS has in the electronic manufacturing industry. But it is expected that the tech will be a critical part of many groundbreaking technologies moving forward.

以上只是Meta-NFS在电子制造领域的部分应用。预计该技术将在未来成为多项突破性技术的重要组成部分。