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【RSB学案22】人教版高中英语必修第一册Unit4 Natural Disasters 第2课时学案(词汇短语专项课)
【RSB学案22】人教版高中英语必修第一册Unit4 Natural Disasters 第2课时学案（词汇短语专项课）
作者：Risibo
本套学案遵循日思搏英语学习法（Reasonable English）“背、悟、用”模式，构建实用高效的特色课堂。RSB即Recite（背诵）、Study（领悟）、Build（运用）。
一、狂背阶段·素材输入（课前预习）
1.词形狂背：听单元单词录音，跟读核心词汇，同步记忆词性、名词/形容词/动词变形，做到“说一词，牵一串”。核心词清单：disaster, rescue, damage, destroy, survive, shock, trap, suffer, supply, affect, emergency, ruin
2.搭配狂背：每个单词配套2-3个固定短语，边读边写，建立词与搭配的绑定记忆。核心短语：in ruins, dig out, be trapped in, suffer from, take shelter from, as if, in shock, blow away
3.例句狂背：每个搭配背诵1个课本原句/简易例句，避免孤立记短语。
二、真悟阶段·规律内化（课中探究）
本阶段核心：理性辨析易混点，归纳考试命题规律，标注高频失分陷阱。
1.damage / destroy 辨析真悟
￮damage v./n. 损害，损坏（程度较轻，可修复）
￮destroy v. 摧毁，毁灭（程度极重，彻底毁坏，无法修复）理性归纳：完形填空语境辨析题，重点看破坏程度是否可修复。
2.survive 深度真悟v. 幸存；比……活得久搭配：survive sth 在……中幸存；survive on sth 靠……生存名词变形：survival 幸存；survivor 幸存者⚠️ 命题陷阱：survive本身已含“在……中幸存”，后面不加in/from等多余介词。
3.shock 家族真悟名词/动词 震惊；shocked 感到震惊的（修饰人）；shocking 令人震惊的（修饰事物）搭配：in shock 震惊地；be shocked at 对……感到震惊
4.suffer 用法真悟v. 遭受；受苦搭配：suffer sth 遭受（损失、痛苦）；suffer from sth 受……折磨（疾病、困难）名词suffering 苦难，痛苦。
5.ruin 多义真悟n. 废墟；v. 毁坏，毁灭搭配：in ruins 成为废墟；ruin one’s hope 毁掉某人的希望辨析：ruin侧重逐渐毁坏，destroy侧重一次性彻底摧毁。
课堂实操：每个考点口头造1个句子，即时验证是否真的吃透用法。
三、神用阶段·输出落地
当堂巩固练习
练习一词性转换填空（用所给词正确形式填空，共8题）
1.The big fire ________ (destroy) the whole building last night.
2.Many ________ (survive) were saved by soldiers after the earthquake.
3.People were ________ (shock) at the terrible news.
4.The city lay in ________ (ruin) after the powerful earthquake.
5.The flood caused great ________ (suffer) to the local people.
6.The storm did a lot of ________ (damage) to the crops.
7.He was ________ (trap) in the lift for two hours.
8.The ________ (affect) of the disaster lasted for many years.
练习二短语语境填空（选短语适当形式填空，共7题）
短语库：in ruins, dig out, be trapped in, suffer from, as if, in shock, take shelter from
1.Many people ________ ________ the flood last summer.
2.They had to stay in a house to ________ ________ ________ the heavy rain.
3.The workers tried their best to ________ ________ people under the ruins.
4.After the war, the whole town lay ________ ________.
5.He stood there ________ ________, not knowing what to do.
6.It looks ________ ________ it is going to rain soon.
7.They ________ ________ the burning building and couldn’t get out.
课后提升练习
练习三单句改错（每句1处错误，划出并改正，共7题）
1.The earthquake destroyed many houses, but some of them could be repaired.
2.He survived from the big earthquake with the help of soldiers.
3.The shocking news made all of us shocking.
4.The old town lay in ruin after the big flood.
5.Many people suffered from heavy losses in the disaster.
6.The injure were sent to hospital immediately.
7.The whole city was complete destroyed by the earthquake.
练习四句型翻译（汉译英，必须用本单元词汇短语，共8题）
1.地震过后，整座城市成为了废墟。（in ruins）
2.消防员们努力挖出被困在废墟下的人。（dig out; be trapped in）
3.只有少数人在这场灾难中幸存下来。（survive）
4.这个地区经常遭受洪水灾害。（suffer from）
5.人们对这起令人震惊的事故感到震惊。（shock）
6.这场风暴对农作物造成了很大的损害。（damage）
7.他站在那里，仿佛看到了可怕的景象。（as if）
8.地震造成的破坏比我们预想的更严重。（destroy）
RSB背悟用复盘区
① 今日狂背3组核心搭配：________② 今日真悟的1组词辨析/变形规律：________③ 今日错题及正确用法：________
★本课时习题参考答案
练习一词性转换填空
1.destroyed 2. survivors 3. shocked 4. ruins
5.suffering 6. damage 7. trapped 8. effect
练习二短语语境填空
1.suffered from 2. take shelter from 3. dig out
4.in ruins 5. in shock 6. as if 7. were trapped in
练习三单句改错
1.destroyed→damaged（可修复用damage）
2.去掉from（survive为及物动词）
3.第二个shocking→shocked（修饰人用shocked）
4.ruin→ruins（in ruins为固定搭配）
5.去掉from（suffer losses直接搭配）
6.injure→injured（the injured表伤员）
7.complete→completely（副词修饰动词destroyed）
练习四句型翻译（参考）
1.The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake.
2.Firemen tried their best to dig out people who were trapped in the ruins.
3.Only a small number of people survived the disaster.
4.This area often suffers from floods.
5.People were shocked at the shocking accident.
6.The storm caused great damage to the crops.
7.He stood there as if he had seen something terrible.
8.The destruction caused by the earthquake was worse than we expected.
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