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主题对接教材
人教版 必修第一册 Unit 4 Natural disasters
外研版 必修第三册 Unit 6 Disaster and hope
译林版 必修第三册 Unit 2 Natural disasters
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．metal n．金属
2．tsunami n．海啸
3．typhoon n．台风
4．volcano n．火山
5．brick n．砖；砖块
6．tornado n．龙卷风；旋风
7．lava n．熔岩；岩浆
8．unearth vt.使出土，挖掘，发掘；发现，找到
9．crack n．裂纹；裂缝 vi.& vt.(使)破裂
10．orderly adj.有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的
11．whistle vi.吹口哨；发出笛声 vt.吹口哨 n．哨子(声)；呼啸声
12．landslide n．(山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡
13．sandstorm n．沙尘暴
14．lightning n．闪电
15．thunderstorm n．雷暴
16．hurricane n．(尤指西大西洋的)飓风
17．helicopter n．直升机18．drought n．长期缺乏，严重短缺；干旱，旱灾
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．track n．轨道；足迹；痕迹 v．跟踪，追踪
2．forecast v．& n．预测，预报
3．effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
4．unify vi.& vt.统一；(使)成一体
5．slide vi.& vt.(slid；slid)滑行；逐渐陷入 n．幻灯片；降低；滑行；山崩
6．claim v．(战争、事故等)夺去(生命)；宣称；断言 n．声称
7．otherwise adv.否则，不然；除此以外
8．crash vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n．撞车；碰撞
9．hug vt.(hugged；hugged)拥抱，搂抱；抱紧 n．拥抱
10．flood n．洪水；大量 vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没
11．tap vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍 n．水龙头；轻叩；轻敲
12．staff n．全体职工；管理人员 vt.在……工作，任职于
13．trap vt.(trapped；trapped)使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱
14．export n．出口产品，输出的产品；出口，输出 vt.出口，输出
15．disaster n．灾难；灾害
16．fund n．资金；基金 v．为……提供资金
17．import n．进口产品，输入的产品；进口，输入 vt.进口，引进
18．relief n．宽慰，轻松；减轻，缓解；救济(物资)
19．shelter n．庇护；住处；避难处 v．保护；掩蔽；躲避
20．supply n．供应，供给；补给品 v．供应，供给
21．strike vi.& vt.(struck；struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打 n．罢工；罢课；袭击
22．emergency n．突发事件；紧急情况
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．rescue n．& vt.营救；救援→rescuer n．救助者
2．announcement n．通告，公告→announce vt.通告，公告
3．revive vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒→revival n．振兴；复苏
4．erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→eruption n．喷发
5．sharp adj.灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的→sharply adv.急剧地；猛
烈地→sharpen v．(使)变锋利
6．inform vt.通知；了解，熟悉→information n．信息→informed adj.有学问的；有见识的
了解情况的→informative adj.有教育意义的；知识性强的
7．deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表→delivery n．投递；交付8．confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准→confirmation n．确认；证实；批准，许可
9．scare vt.& vi.惊吓，(使)害怕 n．恐慌；惊吓→scared adj.害怕的→scary adj.恐怖的，吓
人的
10．death n．死；死亡→dead adj.死的→deadly adj.致命的→die v．死亡
11．breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n．呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的
12．wisdom n．智慧；才智→wise adj.明智的→wisely adv.明智地
13．electricity n．电；电能→electric adj.电的；用电的→electronic adj.电子的
14．unbearable adj.难耐的；难以处理的→bearable adj.可以忍受的；能应付的→bear vt.忍
受
15．destructive adj.引起破坏(或毁灭)的，破坏(或毁灭)性的→destroy v．破坏→destruction
n．破坏
16．shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.使震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked
adj.感到震惊的
17．affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→affection n．喜爱；爱情
18．distance n．遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远→distant adj.遥远的→distantly adv.远离地；
疏远地
1．blizzard n．暴风雪
2．disaster-relief n．赈灾；灾难援助
3．magnitude n．(地)震级；重大
4．evacuate vt.疏散；撤出 vi.撤离
5．exceptionally adv.极其，非常
6．avalanche n．雪崩
7．cloud-capped adj.高耸入云的，耸入云霄的
8．desertification n．(土地的)沙漠化
9．latitude n．纬度
10．equator n．赤道
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．in shock震惊；吃惊
2．at large整个，全部
3．in ruins严重受损；破败不堪
4．on hand现有(尤指帮助)
5．sweep away消灭；彻底消除
6．safe and sound安然无恙地7．occur to被想到，浮现在脑中
8．keep one’s head (在困境中)保持冷静
9．dig out掘出；发现
10．to one’s relief让某人宽慰的是
11．in the open air露天；在户外
12．make up for弥补，补偿
13．get back up on one’s feet 重新振作起来
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．be doing...when...正在做……这时……
I was having breakfast with my three children when sea water started filling my home.
我正和我的三个孩子一起吃早饭，突然海水开始灌进我家。
2．It occurs/occurred to sb that...某人突然想起……
It occurred to him that he had forgotten his wallet in the fire.他突然想起他的钱包落在大火里
了。
3．as if...好像……
At 3：42 a．m.，everything began to shake.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end.
凌晨3点42分，一切开始摇晃。似乎世界末日即将来临。
4．现在分词短语作结果状语
On average，there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year，causing about 80 deaths and 1,500
injuries.
平均来说，美国每年发生800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡、1 500人受伤。
Disasters such as tornadoes，floods，landslides，drought，volcanic eruptions，
typhoons，hurricanes and earthquakes are sometimes destructive，1.__________(cause) great
damage to many countries.Among them the earthquake has the 2.____________(bad) effects.The
1976 Tangshan earthquake caused more than 240,000 deaths.90 percent of homes lay
3.____________ ruins and people suffered a lot.Everywhere the shocked survivors saw
4.____________(destroy) bricks and useless metals as if the world were at 5.__________
end.Rescue teams dug out the trapped，buried the dead and built shelters.Water，food，
and electricity were hard to get.With unified efforts and 6.____________(wise) of all people，
the city revived 7.____________(it) and began to breathe again.Earthquakes under the sea can
also cause tsunamis.The tsunami that 8.____________(strike) Asia in 2004 crashed into
coastlines and swept away many people.Foreign countries aided these areas by delivering food
and 9.____________(supply) by helicopter.(Tips for emergency：※Keep calm ※Tap on a
pipe or whistle for help ※Stay away from power lines ※Survive on 10.__________ you have
on hand.)inform vt.告知，通知；了解，熟悉(informed adj.有学问的；有见识的 information n．
信息)
•inform sb of/about sth 通知某人某事
inform sb that...通知某人……
•keep sb informed of/about...通知某人关于……；使某人知道……
(1)The government has declared a state of emergency and has appealed to the public to stay calm，
waiting for further ____________(inform)．
(2)They are keeping us ____________(inform) of the development of the latest updates of the
situation.
(3)我想告知全体职员一些详细的信息，以便他们为此做好充分的准备。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
scare vt.使恐惧；使害怕vi.受惊吓(scared adj.恐惧的；惊恐的)
•scare sb into doing sth 恐吓某人做某事
scare...away/off把……吓跑
•be scared to death吓得要死
be scared to do sth/of (doing) sth 害怕(做)某事
(1)The robber scared her ____________ handing over her money and gold ring.
(2)Seeing the volcano eruption in the distance，I had to admit I was ____________(scare) to death
by this vivid scene.
(3)北极熊越靠近，我们就越害怕。我们试图用辣椒喷雾把它吓跑。
The nearer the polar bear was，____________________________________.We tried to use the
pepper spray to ________________________________________________________________.
(4)父亲一回到家，我胆怯地低着头，不敢看他的脸。
The moment my father arrived home，I bowed my head timidly and _____________________.
shock v．使震惊 n．休克；打击；震惊；震动(shocking adj.令人震惊的 shocked adj.
感到震惊的)
•be shocked by/at...对……感到震惊
be shocked to do...因做……而震惊
•in shock震惊地；休克
be a shock to...对……而言是一件震惊的事be numb with shock震惊得目瞪口呆
(1)The old couple were ____________ at the __________ news that their son got seriously injured
in the rescue work.(shock)
(2)Tom was shocked ____________(realize) that the dam had been destroyed in the flood，which
was ____________ shock to the authority.
(3)Looking at the house which lay in ruins ____________ shock，he called 911 immediately to
rescue the injured people who were trapped.
(4)看到厨房里一片狼藉，这位父亲惊呆了。(2021·新课标 Ⅰ，读后续写)
Seeing the great mess in the kitchen，______________________________________________.
distance n．距离；远处(distant adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的 distantly adv.远离地；
疏远地)
in the distance在远处
at/from a distance离一段距离；从远处
at a distance of在……远的地方
keep sb at a distance对某人冷淡；与某人疏远
within walking distance走着就能到
(1)The tough period during the earthquake I once experienced is a ____________(distance)
memory for me now.
(2)我们将于下周六在一个距我们学校两千米远的农场进行水果采摘活动。
We’ll hold a fruit-picking activity next Saturday on a farm which ________________________.
(3)你也可以参观城市博物馆，从你住的酒店走着就能到。(应用文写作之建议信)
You can also visit the city museum，__________________ where you stay.
in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪(ruin n．废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产)
·be/lie in ruins成为废墟；毁灭
fall/come into ruin成为废墟；毁灭
·ruin one’s hope/health毁掉某人的希望/健康
(1)90 percent of houses lay ____________ ruins after the landslide and helicopters were used to
evacuate people living there.
(2)We visited the ____________ of the Old Summer Palace last winter.It __________________ by
foreign invaders.(ruin)
(3)The heavy rain lasted two weeks，which completely ruined our holiday.→The heavy rain lasted two weeks，________________________________________________.
(用非谓语动词作状语改写)
be doing...when... I was having breakfast with my three children when sea water
started filling my home.我正和我的三个孩子一起吃早饭，突然海水开始灌进我家。
句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”。when表示“这时突然”之意，还用于以下句
型：
•be about to do...when...正要做……突然……
•had (just) done...when...刚做完……这时突然……
(1)双胞胎正在煲(stew)鸡肉粥，这时他们的爸爸迈进了厨房。(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
The twins ________________________ chicken porridge ____________ their father marched into
the kitchen.
(2)我们正要离开时，隔壁房间突然发出了巨大的响声。
We ________________________ a big noise came from the next room.
(3)我刚刚从着火的房子里逃出来，这时房子塌了。
________________________________________________ it fell to the ground.
Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．deliver
(1)The princess had been delivered of a healthy baby boy，which made the handsome prince
wild with excitement.________
(2)The son of a grocer ， he’d spent the summers of his childhood delivering food in
Bernardsville，New Jersey.(2021·新课标Ⅰ)________
(3)When delivering a speech，if necessary，you can refer to your notes.________
2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)The government demanded that the relief should be sent to the flood victims as soon as
possible.________
(2)The accident which happened yesterday claimed more than 20 lives.________
(3)Affected with a serious disease，he was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was
no hope of recovery.________
(4)I stood there，shedding tears of regret in silence and I wished that I hadn’t said such sharp
words to my father.________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1．It occurred ____________ me that the bear might be attracted by the smell of our garlic bread;
therefore，I threw the bread as far as I could.
2．There is no reliable ____________(inform) about the earthquake which happened yesterday.
3．It was ____________ great shock for me to learn that he lost his family in the disaster.
4．Mary’s description of the tornado was so vivid that I felt as if I ____________(experience)
one myself.
5 ． With time going on ， the castle which once was very beautiful is now completely
____________ ruins.
6 ． I still remember visiting a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was
___________(shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
7．The snow lasted a week，____________(result) in a serious traffic confusion in the whole
area.
8．We were constantly affected ____________ the people who devoted their lives to fighting
against natural disasters.
假如你是李华，在得知土耳其大地震的消息后，作为鹰潭中学的学生会主席，你决定给
灾区的中学生写一封慰问信，主要内容包括：
1．表达安慰；
2．中国救援队已前往援助；
3．表达希望和对其重建家园的信心。
完成句子
1．听说你们的家乡出乎意料地发生了可怕的地震，造成了巨大的损失，我深感难过。
(strike；现在分词短语作结果状语)
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
2．许多房屋和道路都成了废墟，我想借此机会向遭受苦难的人们表示最深切的同情。(in
ruins)
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
3．考虑到你们目前的处境，我们迫不及待地竭尽全力帮助你们。(make every bit of our effort
to do...)
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________4．中国救援队已赶赴你们的家乡参加救援工作，紧急食品也已经运送。(rescue team；join
the relief efforts；emergency delivery)
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
5．我坚信一切都会好起来的，你们的城市会很快恢复活力，振作起来。(revive itself；get
back up on one’s feet)
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
语料积累 情感细节描写：恐惧(二)
frightened adj.害怕的→frightening adj.令人害怕的→frighten v．使害怕
scare v．使害怕→scared adj.害怕的→scary adj.惊悚的，吓人的
单词 panic v．& n．恐慌，害怕→panicked adj.恐慌的 dreadful adj.可怕的；极坏
的
terrible/horrible/awful adj.可怕的
be in panic/be seized with panic惊慌失措 one’s throat tightens with horror/fear吓
得喉咙发紧
be pale with fright吓得面无人色 be scared out of one’s wits吓得魂不附体 be
词块 numb/frozen with fear吓呆了 frighten the pants off sb把……吓得屁滚尿流
tremble with terror/horror吓得发抖 be scared to death/half dead with fright吓得要
死 tears of terror/horror/fear恐惧的泪水
one’s heart be stuck on one’s throat心卡在嗓子眼
1.A flood of fear welled up in her when she walked in the empty street.(无灵主语
句)
句型 走在空荡荡的街道上，一阵恐惧涌上她的心头。
2．I was wandering in the wood when a snake came out and scared me to death.
我正在林间散步，突然一条蛇蹿了出来，吓得我半死。3．I froze with terror，too scared to move an inch.我吓得呆住了，寸步难行。
4．Seeing the bloody scene，she uncontrollably let out a scream of terror and
fainted on the ground.
看到这血腥的一幕，她不受控制地发出恐惧的尖叫，昏倒在地。
5．The explosion really frightened the pants off me.爆炸把我吓坏了。
6．He was overcome with terror as he realized he was lost in the wilderness.
当他意识到自己迷失在荒野中时，内心恐惧极了。
语料运用 The fire started to spread all over the hotel，and people fleeing out of it in time
①______________________.Just at that moment，a sharp scream came out of the crowd.A young
mother ②_____________________( 定 语 从 句 ) cried that her baby was still in the hotel
room.Hearing that，③_________________________(无灵主语句)，and they didn’t know what
they could do in that situation.They tried to comfort the woman ④________________________，
but words just failed them.They almost lost hope when a young man quickly ran to the pool in front
of the hotel，poured water on his jacket and then rushed into the burning room.Seeing the scene，
everyone ⑤____________________________，wishing he could successfully bring the baby
out.⑥______________________________________ until they heard some cry of a baby.
大火开始蔓延到整个酒店，及时逃离的人们仍然非常恐慌。就在这时，人群中传来一声尖锐
的尖叫。一位吓坏了的年轻母亲哭着说她的孩子还在酒店房间里。听到这句话，人群中涌起
一阵恐惧，他们不知道在这种情况下能怎么办。他们试图安慰那个被吓得魂不附体的女人，
却不知道说什么。一个年轻人迅速跑到酒店前的游泳池，把水倒在夹克上，然后冲进着火的
房间时，他们几乎失去了希望。看到这一幕，所有人都吓得麻木了，希望他能成功把孩子抱
出来。每个人的心都卡在嗓子眼里，直到他们听到了婴儿的哭声。
语境 32
填词语境词汇串记
1．causing 2.worst 3.in 4.destroyed 5.an 6.wisdom 7.itself 8.struck 9.supplies
10.what
核心考点突破
1．(1)information (2)informed (3)I’d like to inform all the staff of/about some detailed
information so that they can make full preparations for it.
2．(1)into (2)scared (3)the more scared we got；scare it away/off (4)was scared to look/of
looking at his face
3．(1)shocked；shocking (2)to realize；a (3)in(4)the father was numb with shock
4．(1)distant (2)is at a distance of two kilometres from our school (3)which is within walking
distance of the hotel
5．(1)in (2)ruins；was ruined (3)completely ruining our holiday
6．(1)were stewing；when (2)were about to leave when
(3)I had just escaped from the burning house when
巩固基础知识达标
Ⅰ.1.(1)B (2)A (3)C
2．(1)救济物资 (2)夺去 (3)感染 (4)刻薄的
Ⅱ.1.to 2.information 3.a 4.had experienced 5.in
6．shocked 7.resulting 8.by
主题写作提能
应用文增分练
参考范文
Dear friends，
I’m deeply sorry to hear that a horrible earthquake unexpectedly struck your hometown，
causing great damage.Numerous houses and roads in ruins，I want to take this opportunity to
express my deepest sympathy for the people who suffered.
Thinking about your present situation，we cannot wait a minute to make every bit of our
effort to help you.Chinese rescue teams have rushed to your hometown to join the relief efforts，
and an emergency delivery of food has been transported as well.
I’m fully convinced that everything will be fine，and your city will revive itself and get
back up on its feet soon.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
续写积累提能练
语料运用
①were still in great panic ② who was dead with fright ③ a flood of fear welled up in the
crowd ④who had been scared out of her wits ⑤was numb with fear ⑥Everyone’s heart
was stuck in their throat
