文档内容
班级 姓名 学号 分数
Unit 3 Growing Up
单元重点单词变形短语语法句型精练
(时间:60分钟,满分:100分)
单元知识点默写
1.emotion n. 情感;情绪 → emotional adj. 情感的;情绪的
2.shocked adj. 震惊的 → shock n. 震惊;v. 使震惊 → shocking adj. 令人震惊的
3.anger n. 怒火 → angry adj. 生气的;愤怒的 → angrily adv. 生气地;愤怒地
4.advise v. 建议;劝告 → advice n. 建议;劝告
5.hurtful adj. 伤感情的 → hurt v. 伤害;n. 伤害
6.clearly adv. 清楚地 → clear adj. 清晰的;v. 清理 → clarity n. 清晰度;明确性
7.pressure n. 压力 → press v. 压;按
8.apologize (=apologise)v. 道歉 → apology n. 道歉;歉意
9.decision n. 决定 → decide v. 决定;断定 → decisive adj. 决定性的;果断的
10.proud adj. 骄傲的;自豪的 → pride n. 骄傲;自豪 → proudly adv. 骄傲地;自豪地
11.solution n. 解决办法;解决 → solve v. 解决;解答
12.joyful adj. 高兴的;令人愉快的 → joy n. 欢乐;喜悦
13.behave v. 表现;举止得体 → behavior n. 行为;举止
14.differently adv. 不同地 → different adj. 不同的;有差异的 → difference n. 差异;不同
15.physics n. 物理;物理学 → physical adj. 物理的;身体的 → physicist n. 物理学家
16.normal adj. 正常的;普通的;n. 常态;标准 → normally adv. 正常地;通常
17.mean adj. 刻薄的;吝啬的;v. 意思是;意味着 → meaning n. 意思;含义
18.deep adj. 深的;……深的;adv. 深深地 → depth n. 深度;深处
19.remain v. 继续存在;保持不变 → remaining adj. 剩余的;剩下的 → remainder n. 剩余物;余数
单元知识点习题训练
一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)
1.Though they had tiring days, these children were (joy).
【答案】joyful
【详解】句意:尽管这些孩子度过了疲惫的日子,但他们依旧快乐。joy“快乐;喜悦”,是名词,were为
系动词,后接形容词作表语,joy的形容词形式是joyful“快乐的;喜悦的”。故填joyful。2.I am (thank) for my family’s support.
【答案】thankful
【详解】句意:我感谢家人的支持。thank“感谢”,是动词/名词,空前有be,要填形容词作表语,thank
的形容词thankful“感恩的”,be thankful for是固定搭配,意为“对……心存感激”。故填thankful。
3.American English spells some words (different) from British English.
【答案】differently
【详解】句意:美式英语拼写一些单词的方式与英式英语不同。根据提示词和“American English spells
some words...”可知,different“不同的”,为形容词,此处需要用其副词形式differently来修饰动词
“spells”。故填differently。
4.Sam felt (shock) when he saw an accident happen.
【答案】shocked
【详解】句意:山姆看到一场事故发生时,感到很震惊。shock“使震惊;震惊”,是动词/名词,felt为系
动词,后接形容词作表语,修饰人用shocked“感到震惊的”。故填shocked。
5.The child’s face turned red with (angry).
【答案】anger
【详解】句意:这个孩子的脸气得通红。angry意为“生气的”,形容词。根据“The child’s face turned
red with ...”可知,介词 with后面需要接名词,angry的名词形式为anger。故填anger。
6.Mr Li asks him (repeat) it again because he is too shy to say it clearly.
【答案】to repeat
【详解】句意:李老师让他再重复一遍,因为他太害羞了,说得不清楚。repeat“重复”,是动词,ask sb.
to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“让某人做某事”,空处填动词不定式。故填to repeat。
7.It was hard to make the (decide) but I thought I should be right at last.
【答案】decision
【详解】句意:做这个决定很难,但我认为最终我应该是对的。根据括号内的单词提示可知,decide“决
定”,为动词;make the decision“做决定”,是固定搭配,因此应填动词decide的名词形式decision。故
填decision。
8.Many famous (award) were given to scientists for their great achievements.
【答案】awards
【详解】句意:许多著名的奖项被颁发给了取得卓越成就的科学家们。根据“many”和“were”可知,应
使用名词复数,提示词“award”的复数形式是“awards”,表示“奖项”。故填awards。
9.The teacher explained the problem (clear) so that everyone could understand.
【答案】clearly【详解】句意:老师清晰地解释了这个问题,以便每个人都能理解。clear“清晰的”,形容词,此处需用
副词修饰动词explained,因此应填clear的副词形式clearly“清晰地”。故填clearly。
10.When you meet problems, you should share them with others instead of (shut) yourself away.
【答案】shutting
【详解】句意:遇到问题时,你应该和别人分享,而不是把自己封闭起来。shut“关闭;封闭”,是动词,
instead of为介词短语,后接动名词形式,shut的动名词是shutting。故填shutting。
11.Can you give me some (advise) on how to improve my English?
【答案】advice
【详解】句意:你能给我一些如何提高英语的建议吗?advise“建议”,是动词,some后接名词,advise
的名词形式是advice“建议”,不可数名词。故填advice。
12.James drank a lot of coffee to keep himself (wake).
【答案】awake
【详解】句意:詹姆斯喝了很多咖啡来保持清醒。“keep+宾语+形容词”使某人保持某种状态。此处需
要一个形容词作宾语补足语,wake的形容词形式是awake“醒着的”。故填awake。
13.The children (behave) well at the party last night.
【答案】behaved
【详解】句意:孩子们昨晚在派对上表现得很好。behave“表现”,根据“last night”是一般过去时的标志
可知,此处需用behave的过去式behaved。故填behaved。
14.Is there (somebody) in the classroom?
【答案】anybody
【详解】句意:教室里有人吗?根据括号内的单词提示可知,somebody“有人”,常用于肯定句,本句是
一般疑问句,因此需将somebody替换成anybody“有人”,符合疑问句的语法规则。故填anybody。
15.The two (coach) called all the players together to discuss the reasons for being beaten.
【答案】coaches
【详解】句意:这两位教练把所有球员召集到一起,讨论了输球的原因。根据提示可知,此处表达“两
名教练”,coach要用其复数形式coaches。故填coaches。
16.The rainy season in the Andes (normal) starts in December.
【答案】normally
【详解】句意:安第斯山脉的雨季一般从12月开始。根据“The rainy season in the Andes...starts in
December.”可知,本空缺少副词修饰动词starts,normal“通常的;正常的”是形容词,其副词形式为
normally“一般;通常”。故填normally。
17.Too much (press) can make people feel tired.【答案】pressure
【详解】句意:太大的压力会让人感到疲倦。根据“Too much”可知,其后应接不可数名词作主语。press
意为“按,压”,是动词;其名词形式为pressure压力,意为“压力”,是不可数名词。故填pressure。
18.A good never gives up trying something new. (play)
【答案】player
【详解】句意:一个优秀的运动员从不放弃尝试新事物。根据“A good”可知,横线处需填名词单数形式,
play“玩”,动词,其名词形式为player“运动员”。故填player。
19.We need to find a (solve) to this problem.
【答案】solution
【详解】句意:我们需要找到一个解决这个问题的方法。此处表示“找到解决……的方法”,应该使用
名词形式。solve“解决”,是动词,其名词形式为solution“解决方法”,a后接可数名词单数,故填
solution。
20.After the fight, Tom felt deep (lonely) because his friend avoided him.
【答案】loneliness
【详解】句意:打架之后,汤姆感到深深的孤独,因为他的朋友避开他。lonely“孤独的”,形容词,deep
修饰名词,lonely的名词形式是loneliness。故填loneliness。
二、根据汉语提示完成单词(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)
21.She asked many questions and her blue eyes were full of (深的) thought.
【答案】deep
【详解】句意:她问了许多问题,她那双蓝色的眼睛里满是深邃的思考神情。结合汉语提示及“her blue
eyes were full of…thought”可知,此处应用形容词deep作定语修饰名词thought。故填deep。
22.It is (正常的) to make mistakes when you are learning something new.
【答案】normal
【详解】句意:学习新东西时犯错是正常的。根据汉语提示可知,normal“正常的”,形容词,在句中作
表语。故填normal。
23.I wasn’t going to let him (霸凌,恐吓) me.
【答案】bully
【详解】句意:我没打算让他霸凌我。根据汉语提示可知,bully“霸凌,欺负”,动词;let sb. do sth.“让
某人做某事”,省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。故填bully。
24.I love studying (物理) because it explains how the world works.
【答案】physics
【详解】句意:我喜欢学习物理,因为它解释世界是如何运行的。根据汉语提示可知,“物理”英文为“physics”,为不可数名词。故填physics。
25.We should try to turn (消极的) thoughts into positive ones.
【答案】negative
【详解】句意:我们应该努力把消极的想法变成积极的想法。根据汉语提示可知,negative“消极的”,形
容词,用来修饰名词thoughts。故填negative。
26.The accident was not his (过错).
【答案】fault
【详解】句意:这次事故不是他的过错。根据汉语提示可知,此处应用名词fault,意为“过错”,根据
句意可知此处应用可数名词单数。故填fault。
27.She was angry at first, but she finally (原谅) him.
【答案】forgave
【详解】句意:她一开始很生气,但最后原谅了他。根据汉语提示和“She was angry at first ...”可知,此
处用动词forgive,意为“原谅”;事情发生在过去,应用一般过去时态,谓语动词forgive的过去式为
forgave。故填forgave。
28.The (挑战) of learning a new language made her more determined.
【答案】challenge
【详解】句意:学习一门新语言这项挑战使她更加坚定。根据句意和汉语提示可知,challenge“挑战”,
这里“学习新语言”这件事整体作为一个挑战、一项任务,故用名词单数。故填challenge。
29.We should try to (控制) our anger when we are upset.
【答案】control
【详解】句意:当我们感到不安时,应该尽量控制愤怒。control“控制”,try to do sth“尽量做某事”。故
填control。
30.The (目的) of the competition is to encourage students to practise speaking English.
【答案】purpose
【详解】句意:这场比赛的目的是鼓励学生练习英语口语。根据汉语提示和系动词“is”可知,此处需要
名词作主语,名词purpose“目的”符合语境,且此处用单数形式即可。故填purpose。
三、完成句子(本大题共10小题,每小题3分,共30分)
31.除非你设身处地为她着想,否则你不会理解她为什么生气。
You won’t understand why she got upset until you .
【答案】 put yourself in her shoes
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“设身处地为她着想”。固定短语put yourself in her shoes正是
“设身处地为她着想”的地道表达,符合语境。句子时态为一般现在时,主语为“you”,动词用原形即可。故填put;yourself;in;her;shoes。
32.你可以从你正在做的事情中休息一下。
You can from what you are doing.
【答案】 take a break
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“休息一下”。take a break“休息一下”,动词短语。情态动词
“can”后接动词原形“take”。故填take;a;break。
33.你应该深呼吸并试着放松一下。
You should and try to relax.
【答案】 take a deep breath
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺“深呼吸”,动词短语take a deep breath意为“深呼吸”;情态动
词should后跟动词原形。故填take;a;deep;breath。
34.偶尔跳出自己的舒适圈是有益的。
It’s beneficial to step out of your comfort zone .
【答案】 from time to time
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺“偶尔”,应用固定短语from time to time,意为“偶尔”。故填
from;time;to;time。
35.她担心考试会不及格,因此她睡不着觉。
She failing the test so she couldn’t sleep.
【答案】 worried about
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺“担心”,动词短语“worry about”意为“担心”;根据
“couldn’t”可知,本句为一般过去时,谓语动词worry的过去式为worried。故填worried;about。
36.尽释前嫌的最好办法是说出来,而不是保持沉默。
The best way to is to speak out, not to stay silent.
【答案】 clear the air
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺“尽释前嫌”,此处应用动词短语“clear the air”,意为“尽释前
嫌”,the best way to do sth.是固定结构,意为“做某事的最好办法”,to后跟动词原形。故填clear;
the;air。
37.我相信今后AI技术将会被应用到各个不同的领域。
I believe AI technology will be applied to different fields.
【答案】 in future
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“今后”。“今后”用固定短语“in future”表达,用于引出未来
的情况。故填in;future。38.记住,对朋友说出伤人的话那一刻,你就无法收回了。
Remember, there’s no way to hurtful words when you say them to a friend.
【答案】 take back
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“收回”。“收回(话语、承诺等)”用固定短语take back表
达;在there’s no way to do sth.结构中,to后面动词用原形。故填take;back。
39.别对你的孩子过分严厉。这不利于他们的成长。
Don’t too your children. It is not good for their growing up.
【答案】 be hard on
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“对……过分严厉”。“对……过分严厉”用固定短语“be
hard on sb.”表达;祈使句中“Don’t”后接动词原形。故填be;hard;on。
40.他故意弄坏玩具以引起注意。
He broke the toy to get attention.
【答案】 on purpose
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“故意”。“故意”用固定短语on purpose表达,在句中作状语。
故填on;purpose。
四、短文填空(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
用所给词的适当形式或根据上下文补全单词。
Growing up is a long and meaningful journey. During this process, we will 41 (meet) various
people and experience different things. Some experiences may make us happy, while others may bring us
challenges and even 42 (fail). However, these experiences are all valuable because they help us 43
(grow) and become better people.
When we face difficulties, we should not 44 (give) up easily. Instead, we need to be 45
(bravery) enough to face them and try our best to overcome them. We can also turn to our parents, teachers or
friends for help, as their support and encouragement can 46 (give) us strength.
As we grow older, we will gradually learn to take 47 (responsible) for our own decisions and
actions. We will also realize that success does not come easily. It requires 48 (persevere) and hard work.
Every small piece of progress we make 49 (be) a step towards our goals.
Looking back on the journey of growing up, we will find that all the efforts we have made are worthwhile.
They not only shape our characters but also help us 50 (achieve) our dreams.
【答案】
41.meet 42.failures 43.to grow/grow 44.give 45.brave 46.give 47.responsibility 48.perseverance 49.is 50.to achieve/achieve
【导语】本文是一篇议论文,主要探讨了成长是一个漫长而有意义的旅程。文章阐述了成长过程中会遇
到不同的人和事,有快乐也有挑战和失败,但这些都是宝贵的;鼓励人们勇敢面对困难、寻求帮助;强
调了承担责任、坚持不懈的重要性,并指出所有的努力最终都会塑造性格并助力梦想实现。
41.句意:在这个过程中,我们会遇到各种各样的人并经历不同的事情。情态动词will后接动词原形,
meet“遇到”符合语境。故填meet。
42.句意:有些经历可能让我们快乐,而另一些可能带给我们挑战甚至失败。根据“bring us challenges
and even…(fail)”可知,even后接与challenges并列的名词,fail的名词failure“失败”符合语境。challenges
是复数,此处也用复数failures。故填failures。
43.句意:然而,这些经历都是宝贵的,因为它们帮助我们成长并成为更好的人。help sb. (to) do sth.“帮
助某人做某事”,是常用搭配。故填(to) grow。
44.句意:当我们面对困难时,我们不应该轻易放弃。情态动词should not后接动词原形,give up“放
弃”是常用短语。故填give。
45.句意:相反,我们需要足够勇敢地去面对它们并尽力克服它们。be动词后接形容词作表语,bravery
的形容词是brave“勇敢的”。故填brave。
46.句意:我们也可以向父母、老师或朋友求助,因为他们的支持和鼓励能给我们力量。情态动词can后
接动词原形,give“给予”符合语境。故填give。
47.句意:随着年龄增长,我们会逐渐学会为自己的决定和行为承担责任。take responsibility
for…“为……承担责任”,是常用搭配。故填responsibility。
48.句意:它需要毅力和努力工作。requires后接名词作宾语,persevere的名词是perseverance“毅力”。
故填perseverance。
49.句意:我们取得的每一个小进步都是朝着目标迈进的一步。主语Every small piece of progress是单数,
且描述一般事实,be动词用is。故填is。
50.句意:它们不仅塑造了我们的性格,也帮助我们实现梦想。help sb. (to) do sth.“帮助某人做某事”,
是常用搭配。故填(to) achieve。
阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连贯。
Last Saturday, I made a big mistake. I found my favourite storybook with a torn (撕破) page. Seeing my
little brother Tim nearby with a tape in his hand, I rushed to blame (责怪) him. “You tore my book on purpose!” I
shouted 51 him angrily. Tim’s face turned red. “I didn’t! I just wanted to read it!” he yelled back (喊道)
before running away, upset that I never shared my books with him.
For the rest of the day, we didn’t speak. I felt upset—my favourite book was broken, and my 52
(angry) made me want to cry. When my friend Emma came over, she noticed my bad mood and asked whathappened.
After I told her, Emma said, “I advise you 53 (talk) to Tim. Try to put 54 (you) in his
shoes—maybe he didn’t mean to hurt you. Also, you two need to clear 55 air instead of staying mad.”
56 I was still a bit angry, I decided to follow her advice.
I knew she was right. I found Tim in his room, quietly drawing. “I’m sorry I yelled at you,” I said softly. “It
wasn’t right to blame you without 57 (listen) first.” He looked up and said, “I’m sorry I tore your book.
I just wanted to read it.” 58 (last), we sat down and fixed the page together. I 59 (forgive)
him, and we laughed like before. I learned that even small fights can end easily if we talk openly, not with 60
(hurt) words. In fact, a little understanding can sometimes make a relationship even stronger than before.
【答案】
51.at 52.anger 53.to talk 54.yourself 55.the 56.Although/Though 57.
listening 58.Lastly 59.forgave 60.hurtful
【导语】本文主要讲了作者因误会弟弟撕书而发生争吵,后来在朋友建议下主动沟通、道歉并和好,从
而明白了通过坦诚交流和理解可以化解矛盾、让关系更牢固的道理。
51.句意:我生气地冲他大喊。根据“I shouted...him angrily.”可知,此处需要填入一个介词,构成“shout
at sb.”的结构,表示“冲某人大喊”。“shout at”是固定短语,符合语境。故填at。
52.句意:我最喜欢的书被撕破了,我的愤怒让我想哭。根据“I felt upset—my favourite book was broken,
and my...made me want to cry.”可知,此处需要填入一个名词作主语,“angry”的名词形式是“anger”,表
示“愤怒”,符合语境。故填anger。
53.句意:我建议你和蒂姆谈谈。根据“Emma said, ‘I advise you...to Tim.’”可知,此处需要填入动词不定
式,构成“advise sb. to do sth.”的结构,表示“建议某人做某事”。“advise you to talk”符合语境。故填to
talk。
54.句意:试着设身处地为他着想。根据“Try to put...in his shoes—maybe he didn’t mean to hurt you.”可知,
此处需要填入反身代词,构成“put oneself in one’s shoes”的结构,表示“设身处地为某人着想”。
“yourself”符合语境。故填yourself。
55.句意:你们俩需要把话说清楚,而不是一直生气。根据“Also, you two need to clear...air instead of
staying mad.”可知,此处需要填入定冠词,构成“clear the air”的固定搭配,表示“消除误会、把话说清
楚”。“clear the air”符合语境。故填the。
56.句意:虽然我仍然有点生气,但我决定听从她的建议。根据“...I was still a bit angry, I decided to
follow her advice.”可知,此处需要填入一个连词引导让步状语从句,“Although/Though”表示“虽然”,
符合语境。故填Although/Though。57.句意:在没有先听的情况下责怪你是不对的。根据“It wasn’t right to blame you without...first.”可知,
此处需要填入动名词作介词“without”的宾语,“listen”的动名词形式是“listening”,符合语境。故填
listening。
58.句意:最后,我们坐下来一起把那一页粘好了。根据“...we sat down and fixed the page together.”可知,
此处需要填入一个副词作状语,表示“最后”,“last”的副词形式是“Lastly”,符合语境。故填Lastly。
59.句意:我原谅了他,我们像以前一样笑了。根据“I...him, and we laughed like before.”可知,此处需要
填入动词的过去式,与“laughed”保持时态一致,“forgive”的过去式是“forgave”,符合语境。故填
forgave。
60.句意:我明白了,如果我们开诚布公地交谈,而不是用伤人的话,即使是小争吵也能轻易结束。根
据“I learned that even small fights can end easily if we talk openly, not with...words.”可知,此处需要填入一个
形容词作定语修饰“words”,“hurt”的形容词形式是“hurtful”,表示“伤人的”,符合语境。故填
hurtful。