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第8 讲：Unit4 语法篇
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语法：情态动词的用法
一、提建议。
在英语中，我们可以用其他多种方式提出我们的建议或征求对方意见。
(1).用“Let's do...”来提出建议。如：Let's go for a walk after supper.
(2).用“What/How about...?”来提出建议；about 后接名词或动词ing 形式。如：What about/How
about a drink? What about/How about taking Tom with us?
(3).用“Why not...?”来提出建议，表示“何不……”not 面后接动词原形。“Why not...?”实际上是
“Why don't you/we...?”的简略形式。如：Why not meet at the school gate at eight? Why don't we stay
here another day?
(4).用“Would you like...?”来提出建议，意思是“你想要……吗?”Would you like 后可接名词或不定
式。如：Would you like a cup of tea? Would you like to go and see her?
因此，如果我们说：“去游泳好吗?”英语中可有这样几种表达法：
Shall we go for a swim?
Let's go for a swim，shall we?
What about/How about going swimming?
Why not go for a swim?
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Would you like to go for a swim?
What do you think of going for a swim?
二、语法：
情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need
(needed), ought to 等。 情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓
语
1.can, could
1) 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。
可用be able to 代替。Can 只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而be able to 则有更多的时态。
I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.
2) 表示请求和允许。
-----Can I go now? ----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.
3) 表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。
They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.
This hall can hold 500 people at least.
4) 表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。
Can this be true?
2. may, might
1) 表示请求和允许。might 比 may 语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can’t
或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。
1.----Might/ May I smoke in this room? ---- No, you mustn’t.
2.---- May/Might I take this book out of the room?
---- Yes, you can. (No, you can’t / mustn’t. )
2) 表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。might 不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may 小。
1．He may /might be very busy now.
2．Your mother may /might not know the truth.
3. must, have to
1) 表示必须、必要。
You must come in time.
在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t（禁止，不准），而用needn’t, don’t have to
（不必）.
---- Must we hand in our exercise books today?
---- Yes, you must. ---- No, you don’t have to / you needn’t.
2) must 是说话人的主观看法， 而have to 则强调客观需要。Must 只有一般现在时， have to 有更
多的时态形式。
1．His play isn’t interesting, I really must go now.
2．I had to work when I was your age.
3) 表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句）
1． You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.
2．Your mother must be waiting for you now.
1.
(2010 .河北省卷,31. 1) —Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon?
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—Yes, you ________.
A. must
B. can
C. may
D. need
2.（2010 湖南省娄底市5. 1） —Must I be in hospital for a week， Doctor?
—No， you . You can go back home tomorrow.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C. must D.may
3.（2010 湖南省娄底市7. 1） —What do you think of the cake?
—I like it very much. It tastes .
A. good B. terrible C. well D.bad
4.（2010.四川省自贡市31. 1）—May we leave the classroom now?
--No,you _________.You_________to leave until the bell rings.
A.mustn’t;are allowedB.can’t ,aren’t supposed C.needn’t ;aren’t allowed
5._______ many children like KFC, I think they’d better try not to eat it too often.
A. Because
B. When
C. Although D. If
基础演练
1.(10 山东省潍坊市)—Is Jessica giving us a speech this evening?
--No,it________be her.She________to Japan.
A. mustn’t ;has gone
B.mustn’t ;has been C.can’t ;has gone
D.can’t ;has been
2.(10.浙江省衢州市24. 1) Boys and girls . don’t forget your report . It ______ today .
A. can’t finish
B. can’t be finished
C. should finish
D. should be finished
3.(10 年上海市36. 1)Is this a photo of your danguter?She looks _____in the pink dress!
A.lovely
B.quietly
C.politely
D.happily
4.(10 年上海)Everyone________go through the security check（安检）when entering the World Expo
Park.
A.can
B.may
C.must
D.ought
5.(10.湖南长沙)—Must I finish my homework at school?
--______.You can do it at home and hand it in next week.
A.Yes,you must
B.No,you needn’t
C.Yes, I can
6. Mary wanted to help people ______ she became a doctor.
A. if
B. that
C. but
D. so
7. This kind of cellphone ______ also _____ in China now.
A. must; produce
B. can; be produced
C. must; be produced D. can; produce
8. The dirty water in this river ______ many problems in the past ten years.
A. creates
B. has created
C. is creating
D. was creating
9. He failed in the exam ______ he was too careless.
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A. when
B. because
C. and
D. But
10. We have been good friends _______ we joined the same ping-pong team.
A. after
B. before
C. since
D. until
llphone ______ also _____ in China now. A. must; produce B. can; be produced C. must; be produced D. can; produce
II.用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. I’m very surprised __________(meet) you in the small village.
2. My pen was lost. I couldn’t see it _______(somewhere).
3. She will visit the Bird’s Nest as soon as she __________(get) to Beijing.
4. I _________ (will) fly to the moon one day in my own spacecraft.
5. Don’t forget ____________(write) to us when you arrive.
巩固提高
I.单项选择
1.(2010.江苏省盐城市3.1)The desk is not dirty.You_______clean it.
A.mustn’t
B.shouldn’t
C.needn’t
D.can’t
2.(2010.四川省内江市23. 1)—What is your mother going to do this Saturday?
--I’m not sure.She_____go to see my grandmother.
A.can
B.must
C.may
3.(2010 山东省潍坊市20. 1)The cookies_______good .Could I have some more?
A.taste
B.smell
C.feel
D.sound
4. --- Let's go dancing tonight. --- Sorry, I _____. I have to go to a meeting.
A. mustn't
B. may not
C.needn't
D. can't
5. John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.
A. may
B. Can
C. has to
D. must
6. They ___ do well in the exam.
A. can be able to
B. be able to
C. can able to D. are able to
7. -May I take this book out?
-No, you___.
A. can't
B. may not
C. needn't
D. mustn’t
8. You___ go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever.
A. can
B. must
C. dare
D. would
II.用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Many teenagers don’t know how _______(look) after themselves.
2. As soon as I get there, I _____(call) you.
3. I think basic life skills, such as _________(cook) and _______(wash) clothes are especially important.【
4. The girl is as ______(tall) as she is beautiful.
5. Yesterday, I ______(burn) the soup. It smelt bad.
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I.单项选择
1. climb the tree. It is dangerous.
A. Doesn’t
B. Not
C. Don’t
D. Isn’t
2. —Must I return the book tomorrow morning?—No, you ______. You can keep it longer.
A. mustn’t
B. can’t
C. needn’t
D. couldn’t
3. —Must I finish the work tonight? —No, you . But you finish it tomorrow.
A. can’t; need
B. mustn’t; may C. needn’t; must
D. mustn’t; can
4. —________ interesting the storybook is! —Yes. I have read it twice.
A. What
B. What an
C. How
D. How an
5. We be late for school.
A. have to
B. don’t have to
C. had better not
D. had better not to
6. — Who is singing in the next room?
— It be Lucy. She likes singing at this time.
A.can
B. must
C. mustn’t
D.should
7. —Would you like ? —No, I’ve just had some bread.
A. something to drink
B. something to eat C. anything to drink
D. anything to eat
II.. 完形填空
It was Sunday afternoon. My younger brother and I were alone at home. My parents went for a party
and asked me to look after my younger brother. I was doing my homework while my younger brother was
watching TV. Suddenly the doorbell rang. Ding-Dong! My younger brother thought that it was our parents,
so he opened the
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quickly.
A tall man wearing a black raincoat stood outside. He said that he came to sell books and he
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politely, “Are your parents at home? ”
Without thinking, my younger brother said, “No. ”Then the man asked, “Would you like to
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some story books? ”I told him we didn’t want to buy. When I wanted to close the door, he suddenly
pushed(推)the door very heavily and came into our house. He took out a
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and ordered me to tie(绑)up
my younger brother’s hands with a rope(绳子). I tied up his hands in a special way so my younger brother
could untie
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easily. The man then tied my hands up and locked
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of us in the kitchen. Soon, he
went upstairs to
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money. I taught my younger brother to untie the rope on his hands. He then untied
me. I rushed to the telephone to call the police,
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the line was dead. The doors were all locked from the
outside. It was lucky that the man
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to lock the kitchen window. So we got out of the house through the
kitchen window and went to the
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pay phone to call the police.
Soon the police came to our house and the man was caught by the police. By that time, my parents had
come home. We told them the whole story. My parents were happy that we were not hurt. They told us that
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we shouldn’t open the door to strangers. We learnt a lesson on safety. 【 】
1. A. window
B. door
C. book
D. TV
2. A. asked
B. ask
C. answered
D. answer
3. A. lend
B. borrow
C. sell
D. buy
4. A. kiss
B. knife
C. gift
D. pen
5. A. himself
B. itself
C. herself
D. themselves
6. A. most
B. some
C. both
D. all
7. A. look at
B. look after
C. look like
D. look for
8. A. and
B. so
C. or
D. but
9. A. wanted
B. liked
C. forgot
D. tried
10. A. farthest
B. nearest
C. largest
D. smallest
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I.单项选择
1. Cars, buses and bikes ______ stop when the traffic lights are red.
A. can
B. must
C. may
D. need
2. You ______ worry about him. He will get well soon.
A. needn't
B. can't
C. mustn't
D. may not
3. Susan _____ be here now because she has just gone to New York.
A. mustn't
B. can't
C. needn't
D. may not
4. --- Mum, must I do my homework now?
--- No, you ______. You can do it after supper.
A. mustn't
B. can't
C. shouldn't
D. needn't
5. When a driver sees the sign "STOP", he ______ stop. He ______ go on.
A. must; mustn't B. mustn't; must C. can; can't D. can't; can
6. —Bob, may I your MP4?—Sure. But you’d better not it to others.
A. lend; lend
B. lend; borrow C. borrow; borrow D. borrow; lend
12.—Kate, I’m going on business. Please look after well.—Don’t worry, Mom. I will.
A. herself
B. myself
C. yourself
D. himself
13. —Do you know ________? —Yes, I do. He went by skateboarding!
A. whether Paul will go or not
B. when will Paul go to the party
C. how Paul went to the party
D. how did Paul go to the party
14. I think drinking milk is good ________ our health.
A. for
B. to
C. with
D. at
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15. —Look at the sign “No smoking!” You smoke here. —OK. .
A. can’t; I won’t
B. mustn’t; I will C. won’t; It doesn’t mat ter D. mustn’t; I won’t
II. 阅读理解
Jenny was a student in my class. She lived in a happy family. She had three sisters and she was the
youngest. She seemed to be glued(
粘合
)to her mother’s skirts.
Her three older sisters took the bus to
school every morning, but she was always driven to school by her mother.
One Friday, Jenny’s mother said to me, “My husband and I have to be away to Europe on business for
two weeks. I am very worried about Jenny. She is so young and weak. Will you please help me look after
her while we’re away? ”
As a mother of a kid, I knew how worried a mother would be if she was away from her child.
“Don’t worry! I’ll try my best to take good care of her, ”I said. I even volunteered to say that I would
wait for Jenny at the school gate every morning to give her a familiar(熟悉的)face.
On the next Monday morning, I waited at the school gate to meet Jenny. When the bus arrived, Jenny
and her three sisters got it off. I was surprised to see a happy girl, not a sad, tearful girl. I called Jenny over
to ask her how the bus ride went. “Very interesting! ”she said, “I always wanted to take a bus with my
sisters, but Mom was always together with me. You see there isn’t any baby in our family now. I can take a
bus without Mom. I’m no longer a kid. ”
1. How many people were there in Jenny’s family?
A. Three.
B. Four.
C. Five.
D. Six.
2. What does the underlined part mean in the first paragraph?
A. Jenny liked her mother’s skirts.
B. Jenny’s mother liked Jenny best.
C. Jenny stayed with her mother all the time.
D. Jenny wore a skirt which was similar to(与……相似)her mother’s.
3. Jenny’s mother wanted the writer to while she was away.
A. be serious with Jenny
B. give Jenny more attention
C. pick up Jenny every day
D. meet Jenny at the school gate every day
4. What do you know from the passage?
A. Jenny’s mother would go to Europe for a trip.
B. Jenny went to school with her sisters every day. 【 】
C. The writer has a son or a daughter.
D. The writer drove Jenny to school when Jenny’s mother was away.
III.词汇运用
(Ⅰ)根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词(5 分)
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1. Lots of p_________ are getting on the bus, and it looks crowded.
2. I would like to go to your house, but I don’t know your a_______.
3. There is nobody on the playground. It’s e_______.
4. The instructions were written in _______ (简单的)English.
5. To my surprise, Mrs Li_______ (未出席)the flower show last Sunday.
(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空(5 分)
6. The class (meet)is very important, so you shouldn’t be late for it.
7. Lisa was in a hurry (open)her gift.
8. We are planning (visit)France this summer.
9. It was late at night. My sister (shut)the door and went to sleep.
10. Lucy was unable (find)out what had happened.
IV. 完成句子
1. 听到这个好消息, 他高兴得说不出话来。
He was_______ _______ _______ say a word when he heard the good news.
2. 当你不用冰箱的时候, 请把电源关掉。
Please_______ _______ the power when you don’t use the fridge.
3. 妈妈, 明天是周六, 请不要叫我早起了。
Mom, tomorrow is Saturday. Please don’t_______ me_______ early.
4. 他们将在下周去国外出差。
They are going abroad_______ _______ next week.
5. 你们必须在本周末前交上作文。
You must_______ _______ your compositions by the end of this week.
V.书面表达
某英文报社正就青少年与父母关系这一话题开展题为“How to keep a good relationship with
parents”的征文活动。请你根据以下要点, 写一篇80 个词左右的英语短文参加此次活动:
1. 父母规矩太多, 过于强调学习成绩, 不理解自己等问题;
2. 你对这些问题的看法;
3. 你与父母保持良好关系的做法。
How to keep a good relationship with parents
In my opinion, I have too many rules at home. My parents never allow me to go out
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