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Unit 4 词汇篇
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1. 理解并灵活运用重点单词、词组
2. 理解、掌握并灵活运用重点句型
1. health n. 健康 healthy adj. 健康的
health n. in good/poor health 身体好/不好，例如：
This old man is in good/poor
health
. 这个老人身体好/身体不好。
healthy adj. 相当于fit，look healthy 看上去健康的，例如：
These children look
healthy.
这些孩子们看上去很健康。
healthy 有益于健康的，例如：
That book is not a healthy
reading
for a child. 对于一个孩子来说，这本书不是健康读物。
2. cold n. 冷；感冒adj. 寒冷的
have/catch a cold 患感冒，这里have 是“患/得病”，不能用进行时态。例如：
She had
a bad
cold
. 她感冒很严重。
类似短语：have a stomachache 胃痛/肚子痛 have a sore throat 嗓子痛
have a headache 头痛 have a backache 背痛
3. advice n. 建议
advice 不可数名词。a piece of /some advice 一条建议/一些建议，例如：
My mother gave me some
advice
on my study. 关于我的学习，妈妈给了我一些建议。
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【知识拓展】
advise v. 建议 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
suggestion n. 建议，可数名词。suggest v. 建议 suggest doing sth. 建议做某事
4. harmful adj. 有害的
be harmful to… 对…有害。例如：
Fruit juice can be
harmful
to children’s teeth. 果汁可能会损坏儿童的牙齿。
harm n. 伤害，损害，do harm to… 对…有害，例如：
Smoking does
harm
to your health. 吸烟有害你的健康。
5. hold v. 拿着；举办，举行，例如：
The sports meeting will be held next week. 运动会将于下周举行。
hold on 坚持下去；(电话)别挂断，例如：
He said he would hold
on
the truth with his blood and life.
他说他会为坚持真理而奉献自己的鲜血和生命。
Hold
on
, please. I will call my mum. 请稍等，我去叫妈妈过来（接电话）。
6. waste n.废物，浪费 v. 浪费 adj. 废弃的，无用的
waste 为不可数名词，但可以与a 连用用在词组“a waste of…”意为“浪费”。例如：
It is a waste
of
time
to do that job. 做那个工作就是浪费时间。
waste 做不及物动词，意为“浪费”。例如：
Don’t waste such a golden opportunity. 不要浪费这样一个千载难逢的机会。
waste 做形容词，意为“废弃的，无用的”。例如：
W
aste
water
from that factories should be treated before flowing into rivers.
工厂里的废水在流入河流之前应该经过处理。
7. enough adj. 足够的 adv. 足够地，充分地
enough 做形容词，修饰名词位置放于其前后均可，例如：
We have enough
time
to do this job. 我们有足够的时间做这个工作。
enough 做副词，修饰形容词或副词时要后置，例如：
He is old
enough
to go to school. 他足够大去上学了。
8. whole adj. 全部的，整个的
whole 只可修饰单数可数名词，用于冠词或其他限定词后。例如：
It took her a whole
day
to finish her homework. 她花了整整一天才写完作业。
all 可修饰可数名词和不可数名词，用于冠词或其他限定词前。例如：
She spent all
her
money
travelling. 她花光了所有的钱去旅行。
9. stop v. 停止
stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停下来正在做的事去做另一件事。例如：
The two girls stopped
talking
when they saw me. 那两个女孩一见到我就停止了说话。
He watched TV for one. At 8 he stopped
to do
his
homework
.
他看了一个小时电视，八点钟的时候他停下来（看电视）去做作业。
10. keep v. 保持
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keep 为及物动词，后可接形容词、介词短语、现在分词充当宾语补足语。
keep sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事，例如：
He kept
me
waiting
for one hour. 他让我等了一个小时。
常用短语：
keep doing sth. 继续做某事，强调同一动作的持续性。
keep on doing sth. 继续做某事，强调动作的反复性。
11. however 与but 辨析
两者都可表示语义上的转折，但用法上有区别：
首先，but
是连词，
however
是副词
。but 表示非常明显的对比，转折的意味比however 强；
其次，but
位于它所引出的分句之后，并且之后不用逗号
，而however
位置比较灵活
，可以位
于分句之中的任何位置，且通常用逗号隔开。
12. every day 与everyday 辨析
every day 为副词短语，意为“每天”，表示频率；everyday 为形容词，意为“每天的，日常
的”，后接被修饰的名词。例如：
Some parents collect their children from school every
day
. 有些家长每天去学校接孩子。
Let’s begin with everyday
English
. 让我们从日常英语开始学起。
13. through, across 与cross 辨析
through 介词，“通过，穿过”，表示动作在某一物体内部空间进行，例如：go through the
forest 穿过森林；
across 介词，“横过，穿过”，表示动作在物体表面进行，从一端到另一端，例如：go
across the bridge 过桥；
cross 动词，“穿过，越过”，相当于go across。
14. too much, too many, much too
too much 的中心词为much，修饰不可数名词，意为“太多”；
too many 的中心词为many，修饰可数名词复数，意为“太多”；
much too 中心词为too，修饰形容词或副词，意为“太”。
注意：too much 还可作名词性短语，用作宾语；也可作副词性短语，在句中做状语，修饰动
词，例如：You have given me too
much
. 你给我的太多了。
15. the same as 和…一样
用于两个事物的比较，例如：
This coffee is the
same
as
we had at Mrs. Dawson’s.
这个咖啡和我们在Dawson 夫人家喝的一样。
【反义短语】be different from 和…不同
16. What’s the matter? 怎么了？
What’ s the matter with sb. 某人怎么了？用来询问对方情况或询问病人病情。句中的matter
意为“问题，事情”，前面必须加定冠词the。
同义句：What’s the trouble? What’s wrong with sb.?
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17. Take it once a day in the morning. 每天早上吃一次。
once 副词，“一次”。在英语中表达两次用“ twice”；三次及以上次数用“数词
+times”。例如：
She exercise three
times
a week
. 她每周锻炼三次。
【知识拓展】对once, twice 这类表示频率的副词常用how often 提问。
其他关于how 的短语：
how long 多久how much 多少钱how many 多少how soon 多久之后how far 多远
1. ---_______do you visit your grandparents? ---Once a month.
A. How soon
B. How long C. How much D. How often
2. ---I have_______today, so I can’t go to school. ---I’m _______to hear that.
A. cold; sorry B. cool; happy C. a cold; sorry D. a cool; sorry
3. As we all know, it’s not polite to keep others ________for a long time.
A. wait
B. waited
C. to wait
D. waiting
4. The meat is_________expensive and eating_________ meat is bad for your health.
A. too much; too much B. much too; much too
C. too much; much too
D. much too; too much
5. My good friends always gives me____________ when I am in a bad mood.
A. some advices B. some advice
C. an advice D. many advice
6. Drinking too much does_________to your health.
A. harm B. harmful C. good D. well
7. Look left and right before you________the road.
A. across B. cross
C. through D. though
8. ---What do you think of “Eat-up(光盘行动)”?
---I think it’s really necessary. It is reported that the food that Chinese people_______every
year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year.
A. eat B. have C. make D. waste
9. The child is crying. Please do something to make him__________.
A. stop to cry B. to stop to cry C. stop crying D. to stop crying
10. ---What do you think of the film Rush Hour? ---___________, but someone thinks
it’s_________.
A. Good enough; bored B. Enough good; boring
C. Good enough; boring D. Enough good; bored
基础演练
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一、短语互译
1. 许多_______________ 2. 洗淋浴________________ 3. 一周三次_________________
4. 照顾_______________ 5. 健康习惯______________ 6. 垃圾食品_________________
7. 擅长_______________ 8. 做调查_____________ 9. 几个坏习惯_______________
10. brush your teeth______________________
11. take lots of photos____________________
12. have a toothache______________________
二、根据句意及汉语提示填写单词或词组
1. Fresh air and exercise are good for the _____________ (健康).
2. My__________(发烧) is gone, but I still have a cough.
3. Here’s some medicine for you. Take it o__________ a day in the morning.
4. Tom had a h________ and a runny nose yesterday. He had to stay at home.
5. He coughed, and his_________(体温)was a little up.
6. Sometimes, the______(病人) cried for the pain.
7. I can’t find my pen. I w_______ who took it away.
8. The young should c__________the old on the bus.
9.Even d_______activities like walking and climbing stairs can keep our bones healthy and
s________.
10. I walk to school every day, but I should do m_________.
巩固提高
一、根据中文提示完成句子（每空一词）
1. 多喝水，多休息。
Get________ _______ rest and drink________ _______ ________water.
2. 洗手对你是有好处的，因为那可以帮助你保持健康。
It’s good to ________ ________ ________because it helps you _______ ________.
3. 大声的音乐是不好的，因为它对你的耳朵有害。
Loud music isn’t good because it ________ _________ ________ your ears.
4. 我们今天在学校做了个调查。
We ______ _______ _______at school today.
5. 我需要少吃垃圾食品，多做运动。
I need to eat_______ junk food and________ _______.
二、句型转换，每空一词
1. I write to my friends once
a week
. (对划线部分提问)
_______ _______ _______ you write to your friends?
2. I’m good at English. (同义句转换)
I _______ ________ ________ English.
3. Although she is fat, she is not strong at all. (同义句转换)
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She is fat, ________she is not strong at all.
4. Her new pen is the same as mine. (同义句转换)
Her new pen is _______ _______mine.
5. With time went on, the whole forest was almost destroyed. (同义句转换)
With time went on, _______ _______ forest was almost destroyed.
一、单项选择
1. ---Dad, must we wait until the light becomes green?
---Yes, I’m afraid we__________. That’s the traffic rule.
A. can B. may
C. have to
D. need
2. ---________ do you go to the cinema? ---I usually go to the movies_______ a month.
A. How often; twice
B. How many times; twice
C. When; two times D. How often; twice times
3. I’d like to go with you, _______, I’m really busy.
A. and
B. but
C. though D. however
4. Mary likes sports very much and she plays sports__________.
A. everyday B. an every day
C. every day D. every days
5.The light goes__________the window and makes the room bright.
A. across B. through C. over D. in
6. --- Why are so tired these days? ---I have__________homework to do.
A. too much B. too many
C. much too
D. many too
7. _______trees are going to be planted around the park near our school.
A. A lot B. Plenty of C. Lot of
D. Much
8.--- ________________? ---I have a sore back.
A. What’s wrong with you B. What’s the matter with you
C. What’s the trouble with you D. A, B, and C
9. The food safety is a serious_________ in our country. We should try to solve it.
A. subject
B. program C. problem
D. opinion
10. Teenagers have all kinds of dreams. _________, some would like to go to the moon some
day.
A. After all B. In fact C. For example
D. At first
二、完形填空
Coffee has been a part of people’s lives for
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years, and it is still a favorite drink in
the world. Here is a story of coffee and
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it was discovered.
The story
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us coffee was discovered in Africa long
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. One day a farmer
5
his goats, and he saw them
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berries(种子) from a plant. The goats became
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after
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they ate the berries. The man often felt tired,
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he decided to try the berries, too.
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, he didn’t feel tired any more. Coffee plants were thus discovered. The coffee was taken from
Africa to
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countries in Europe and America. After that the farmers started to grow the
plants there, especially in South America.
1. A. thousand of
B. thousand
C. thousands of
D. a thousand of
2. A. how B. why
C. what
D. who
3. A. says B. speaks C. talks
D. tells
4. A. time ago
B. times ago
C. time before D. time later
5. A. watch B. watches
C. was watching
D. is watching
6. A. eat
B. eats
C. ate
D. has eaten
7. A. very tired B. very active C. badly ill
D. fall asleep
8. A. but
B. or C. because
D. so
9. A. For his great surprise
B. With great surprise
C. To his great surprise D. On his great surprise
10. A. another
B. other
C. others D. the other
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一、单项选择
1. We stopped _______ and________because we were tired and thirsty.
A. working; to drink
B. to work; drinking C. to work; to drink D. working; drinking
2. --- What’s wrong with you?
---I have a ______.The doctor asked me not to eat anything today because I ate too much yesterday .
A. toothache
B. headache
C. sore back
D. stomachache
3. We_______learn from our mistakes so that we won’t repeat them.
A. should B. may C. could D. can
4. ---I felt very______when I was having classes in the morning.
--- Did you stay up late last night?
A. relaxed B. sleepy C. nervous D. sick
5. ---Noise is __________to human’s health. ---Yes, we shouldn’t talk loudly in public.
A. harmful
B. harm
C. harmless
D. harmfully
6. ---__________ have you been writing? --- I’ve been writing for 3 hours .
A. How soon B. How many C. How much D. How long
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7. When the boy heard the ________ words, he became _______and left the room.
A. annoying; annoying B. annoying; annoyed
C. annoyed; annoyed D. annoyed; annoying
8. When __________ the accident ________?
A. was; happened B. had; happened C. did; happen D. was; happening
9. Tony is _________ and always talks to others _________.
A. polite; polite B. politely; polite C. politely; politely D. polite; politely
10. If it ___________, we’ll go to the zoo.
A. rainy B. doesn’t rain C. doesn’t rains D. isn’t rain
(附：6-10，北京四中八年级上期中英语测试题)
二、用括号内所给词的正确形式填空
11.You know even ________(little) about it than I do.
12. I _________ (usual) go to school by bike.
13. I take a shower ___________(two) a day in summer.
14. I need____________(go) home now. It’s too late.
15. My mum and dad are good___________(cook).
三、根据汉语提示完成英语句子
16. 你要确保吃大量的水果和蔬菜。
You _____ _______ to eat lots of fruit and vegetables.
17. 他起得早所以赶上了早班车。
He got up early ________ he caught the early bus.
18. 拥有健康的身体很重要。
It’s important_______ _______ a healthy body.
19. 血液在我们体内运输营养。
Blood _______nutrients _______our bodies.
20. 睡觉之前不要吃东西以便你能睡得更好。
Don’t eat before you_______ ________ _______ _______ you can_______ _______.
四、完形填空
One cold winter morning, an old woman had to see her
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. when he came, she
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him that her right leg hurt. And that sometimes she could not
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. She asked him what was
24
as she had
25
had such feelings before.
The doctor looked her over carefully, then he said, “ You are in good
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for a
woman of your age. I think the trouble in your right leg is just a matter of old age catching
up with you. We get all kinds of illness(疾病)
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we get older. The trouble will almost
certainly
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in spring.”
“I don’t think so, doctor！” she said. “My left leg is
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and it is
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age as my
right.”
21.A. doctor B. teacher C. daughter D. son
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22.A. asked B. said C. told D. speak
23.A. see B. sit C. go D. walk
24.A. trouble B. wrong C. matter D. problem
25.A. before B. never C. ago D. ever
26.A. time B. lucky C. healthy D. health
27.A. when B. during C. before D. until
28.A. start B. begin C. end D. come
29.A. good B. nice C. kind D. beautiful
30.A. the same B. as C. so D. the different
五、阅读理解
A
If you go to a fast food restaurant, you will probably see a lot of teenagers. Today, many teenagers
are overweight, and this is because of their bad eating habits. Most teenagers are keen about food with a
lot of fat, oil, salt and sugar. People call this kind of food "junk food".
But bad eating habits go beyond fast food. We find many teenagers eat unhealthily. Some don't
have breakfast before they go to school. During the day, some don't have a proper meal for lunch. In a
recent survey at one school, scientists found that over two thirds of the students didn't follow a healthy
diet. They didn't like vegetables, and many of them didn't like to eat fruits. They preferred to eat food
with a lot of salt, sugar, or fat.
Parents today also worry about their children's diet. Some doctors give the following advice:
Teenagers shouldn't eat too much junk food.
Teenagers shouldn't eat food with too much salt. Salt can cause high blood pressure in the future.
Teenagers should eat food without much fat, oil and sugar.
Teenagers need to eat some fruits and vegetables every day. Fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamins
(维生素) and have little fat.
Teenagers need to drink more milk. Milk will help their bones grow.
Teenagers need to eat breakfast every day. It is good for their body and mind.
31. How many pieces of advice are given by the doctors in the passage?
A. five B. eight C. six D. seven
32. The underlined phrase "are keen about" in the passage means ____________.
A. dislike B. love C. hate D. refuse
33. Which of the following is NOT WRONG?
A. Today all teenagers are overweight.
B. Scientists found two thirds of the students didn't have a healthy diet.
C. Parents are worried about their children's diet today.
D. Milk, fruits and vegetables are not good for children.
34. It's right to ____________ according to the passage.
A. eat junk food B. eat food with too much salt
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C. drink milk and eat junk food often D. eat vegetables that are rich in vitamins
35. The main purpose of the passage is to tell the children ____________.
A. how to keep a healthy diet B. to eat fruits and vegetables
C. how to have a proper meal for lunch D. not to eat junk food
B
The aim ( 目的) of students who came to school is to study. But to study requires ( 需要) a
right way, or you waste either the time or the money. The following are the ways of studying.
The best time for reading is morning, because in the morning, the air is fresh and the mind is clear.
For that reason, we can get good result (结果).
In studying we must have patience ( 耐心). If we have not known a text well, we must read it
again. We should not read the next one till we have learned the first one.
When we are studying, we must put our hearts into the book, or we can get nothing from the
book while we are reading.
We must always ask "why". If it is not well understood, write it down and ask our teachers or
our parents, or friends. In any possible way, we must know it completely and what we've learned can
be used well and made better.
Though there are many ways for studying, yet the above mentioned (提到的) will be quite enough
if we can keep them in heart and do so.
36. The passage tells us ______.
A. the importance of reading
B. to read in the morning
C. to pay attention to the ways of studying
D. to have patience in studying
37. The passage has taught us ______ ways for studying.
A. three B. four C. five D. many
38. We'd better read in the morning because ______.
A. it's easy to remember what we have learned
B. the air is fresh and the mind is clear
C. it's difficult to get good results
D. both A and B
39. If we can't put our hearts into the book when we read, it is ______.
A. easy to understand it well
B. better to get something from it
C. impossible for us to get something from it
D. possible to learn something from it
40. In studying we must always ask "why" in order to ______.
A. understand the book well
B. write down the questions
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C. do with the new words
D. get some questions to ask our teachers
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