高中英语语法与写作综合练习读后续写版

很多同学读后续写写不长、写不生动，问题不一定是词汇量不够，而是句式太单一：动作只会用动词原形往前推，情感只会说 happy、sad、afraid，场面描写翻来覆去就是“他很紧张”“天气很好”“大家都笑了”。语法规则背了不少，一到续写里就只剩下简单句。

这份材料就是为解决这个问题设计的。

我们把读后续写中最实用、最容易提分的语法和句式拆成九类——形容词短语作状语、副词、非谓语动词、独立主格结构、主从复合句、强调句、倒装句、感叹句、无灵主语句，每一类都配一个典型例句和一个即学即练。典例告诉你高级句式在续写里长什么样，练习让你自己动手改出来、写出来。

所有练习句都围绕读后续写场景设计：动作描写、心理描写、环境烘托、情节推进、情感升华。不掺杂应用文模板句，练的就是续写考场上真正能用的句子。

语法不是用来背的，是用来写的。这份材料的目的只有一个：让你在写读后续写的时候，脑子里能自动跳出更生动、更高级、更有画面感的句式，而不是写完再回头改成简单句。

高中英语语法与写作综合练习读后续写

(一)形容词(短语)

形容词(短语)在句子中可用作状语，常用来表达人物做某个动作的原因、结果或伴随的状态，通常置于句首或句末，可以增强句子的感染力，使语言表达得更生动形象。

例1：She got up at four o'clock in the morning.

Afraid of being late, she got up at four o'clock in the morning.

【分析】原句只是简单陈述了人物的动作，升级后的句子添加了形词短语“Afraid of being late”作原因状语，句子意思更加完整。

1.根据提示，用恰当的形容词(短语)补全下列句子。

(1)His mind went blank, and he fell to the ground ,           (不省人事).

(2)He saw a tiger leap out from the bushes,          (充满了恐惧).

(3)                (沮丧而无助), we watched the house being destroyed before our eyes.

(4)               (急于知道考试结果)，she went to the teacher after class.

2.根据提示，用形容词(短语)作状清翻译下列句子。

(1)我困在浓雾中，什么都做不了，既无助又害怕。

(2)她躺在床上，毫无睡意，听着音乐。

(3)他想不出好办法，变得越来越焦虑。

(4)他犹豫了，拿不准该如何回复这个问题。

（二）副词

在读后续写中，为了精准地描写动作或者情感，经常会用副词来修饰动词或者形容词。副词也可以单独位于句首，修饰整个句子，在句子中作状语。正确使用副词，可以加强语气，增强句子的表现力和准确性，让语言更加生动有趣。

例1:At the sight of its owner, the dog wagged its tail excitedly.

【分析】升级后的句子添加了副词“excitedly”,形象生动地展现了小狗见到主人时的激动心情，富有画面感。

1.根据提示，用恰当的副词补全下列句子。

（1）      (激动地) waving his arms, Luke ran to his friend and hugged him       (紧紧地).

2.根据提示，用恰当的副词改写下列句子。

(1)Byron was warned again and again not to stay up too late.

Byron was warned          not to stay up too late.

(2)There is no doubt that his small acts of kindness will make a huge difference.

        , his small acts of kindness will make a huge difference.

(三)非谓语动词

非谓语动词主要包括三种类型:动词不定式、动词-ing形式和动词的过去分词，它们在句子中可以充当多种成分，如表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等。读后续写中常用的非谓语动有动词-ing 形式和动词的过去分词，其作状语时，主要表示伴随、原因、时间、结果等。运用非谓语动词可以丰富文章的句式结构，使语言表达更加简洁、生动。

例1:在家复习了整整一个周末的功课，他自信满满地走进了考场。

After he had reviewed his lessons for a whole weekend at home , he walked into the exam room with confidence.

Having reviewed his lessons for a whole weekend at home, he walked into the exam room with confidence.

【分析】升级后的句子使用了动词-ing形式短语作时间状语，说明了两个动作之间的先后顺序，体现了动作之间的关联性。

1.用非谓语动词短语补全下列句子。

(1)她已经被告诉很多次了，还是记不住。

                      , she still can't remember it.

(2)雨下得很大，导致该地区发生了严重的洪水。

It rained heavily ,                       

(3)因回家太晚被母亲骂了一顿，他大哭了起来,

                                , he burst into tears

2.用非谓语动词短语作状语改写下列句子。

(1) He was trembling in a blanket and he said, “I’m cold.”

(2)As he was born into a poor family, the boy was unable to attend school.

(3)After we had practised playing football for almost two months, we strongly desired to become champions.

(四)独立主格结构

独立主格结构形式灵活、句式高级。在读后续写中，恰当运用独立主格结构，可以抓住卷老师的眼球，为文章增光添彩。

1.独立主格结构的构成

独立主格结构是由“名词或代词+动词-ing形式、过去分词、不定式、形容词(短语)副词(短语)、介词短语等”构成。独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。独立主格结构在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。其位置比较灵活，可置于句首，也可放在句尾。

例1:When their lessons were over, they went home , singing and laughing.

Their lessons over, they went home , singing and laughing.

【分析】升级后的句子使用了独立主格结构作时间状语，替换了when 引导的时间状语从句，内容更加紧凑，言简意赅，提升了表达的档次。

2.独立主格结构的变化

在独立主格结构前面，我们有时可以加上with，构成with复合结构。with复合结构在句子中可以作伴随状语或定语。

例1:Because her purse was stolen , she couldn't afford this beautiful dress.

With her purse stolen, she couldn't afford this beautiful dress.

【分析】升级后的句子使用了with复合结构作原因状语，替换了because引导的原因状语从句，表达更加流畅。

1.用独立主格结构改写下列句子

(1)Alice didn't notice I was coming, because her mind was totally fixed on the work she was doing.

(2)As the final exam was drawing near , his parents didn't allow him to play computer games.

(3)An important lecture was to be given the next day , so the professor had to stay up late to prepare.

2.根据提示，用 with 复合结构翻译下列句子。

(1)因为要参加一场重要的考试，这个周末我得好好学习了。

(2)由于害怕受到父亲的惩罚，Jane 红着脸保持沉默。

（五）主从复合句

主从复合句由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成。主句是句子的主体，从句在句子中充当某分。充当状语的从句叫状语从句，充当定语的从句叫定语从句，充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语的从句叫名词性从句。

状语从句根据其在旬子中的作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步方式和比较状语从句等。写作时，恰当地运用状语从句可以使文章句式更丰富，逻感更强。

1.状语从句

They got up early so that they could catch the early bus to town.

【分析】升级后的句子使用引导词so that将两个简单句合并为一个含有目的状语从句的主从复合句，整体结构更严谨，逻辑关系更清晰。

2.定语从句

定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，用来修饰名词、代词或整个句子，即先行词。定语从句的恰当运用可以使句子内容更丰富、具体，表达得也更准确。

Tom sniffed at my suggestion and walked away , which made me upset.

【分析】升级后的句子使用关系代词which将两个简单句合并为一个含有非限制性定语从句的主从复合句。which在从句中作主语，指代前面整个主句的内容。

3.名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。适当使用名词性从可以使文章句式更丰富，结构更清晰，逻辑更严密，表达更地道。

例1: He had won first prize in the competition. Word of it spread quickly.

Word spread quickly that he had won first prize in the competition.

【分析】升级后的句子使用连接词that将两个简单句合并为一个含有同位语从句的主从复合句。that引|导的同位语从句解释说明“Word”的具体内容，表意更准确。

1.根据提示，补全下列句子。

(1)我注意到妹妹正在附近的海滩上玩耍，她和她的朋友们聊得正开心。(用关系代词引导非限制性定语从句)

l noticed my sister ,                            ,chatting happily with her friends.

(2)Emily在这里没有亲戚朋友，她最大的困难是她能向谁求助呢。(表语从句)

With no relatives or friends here , Emily's biggest difficulty was                .

2.根据提示，合并下列句子。

(1) He didn't come to the race yesterday. He didn't explain the reason. (用why/for which引导制性定语从句)

(2) Their hometown had been flooded. They were shocked at the news.(用that引导同位语从句）

(六)强调句

强调句型的灵活运用有助于增强语言的表达效果，突出要强调的重点。其基本结构为:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分。该句型可以对句子的主语、宾语、表语、状语等进行强调，但不可以用来强调谓语和定语。如果需要强调谓语动词，可以使用助动词do、does或 did.

例1:I didn’t go to sleep until my mother came back home last night.

It was not until my mother came back home that I went to sleep last night.

1根据提示，用强调句翻译下列句子。

(1)正是出于这个原因，他在很小的时候就辍学了。

(2)是一个戴着黑色墨镜的女孩把老人迅速送到医院的。

2.根据提示，用强调句改写下列句子。

(1)I realized that hard work and determination got her into the dream university.

(2)Differences between parents and children can be settled only by understanding each other.

（七）倒装句

英语句子有时为了强调重点信息、承上启下或平衡句子结构，要把谓语或谓语的一部分放在主语前面，这种句式称为倒装句。在读后续写中，适当使用倒装句可以使文章的表达更生、有力，让阅卷老师眼前一亮。

例1:She realized that she had left the contract at home only when she walked into the office with nothing in hand.

Only when she walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home with nothing in hand.

【分析】升级后的句子通过将“only when she walked into the office”置于句首构成部分倒装，强调了时间状语，增强了表达效果。

即学即练1.根据提示，用倒装句翻译下列句子。

(1)门开了，一个高大英俊的男人走了出来。(out)

(2)他一到新学校就发现很难适应那里的生活。(no sooner...than...)

(3)表演非常精彩，所有人都站起来热烈鼓掌。(so...that...)

2.根据提示，用倒装句改写下列句子。

(1) He had made so much progress in his studies that he was sure of passing the examination.

(2)He did not recall his wife’s words until midnight and then hurried back home

(3) I had hardly got to school when I found that I had left my student card at home.

(4) A cat rushed out of the corner, frightening the old man back a few steps.

(八)感叹句

感叹句一般由 what或how引导，句末用感叹号。what后接名词(短语)，how后接形容司、副词或句子。在读后续写中，感叹句可以用来表达对人或事物的赞叹、惊讶、惋惜、愤怒、懊悔等情感。

例1:Tom saved a little boy from the rushing water. He showed great courage.

Tom saved a little boy from the rushing water. What great courage he showed!

【分析】升级后的句子使用了what引导的感叹句，表达了说话者对Tom 极大的敬佩与赞扬之情。 根据提示，用感叹句翻译下列句子。

(1)你没有和我们一起去露营，真是太遗憾了!(what)

(2)她的舞蹈表演真精彩啊!(what)

(九)无灵主语句

无灵主语句是用无生命的事物(如情感、动作、时间、地点、物品等)作主语，其谓语部分则是由人或社会团体的行为或动作构成。这种“无灵主语+有灵动词”构成的句子经常带有拟人化的修辞色彩，使描写更加生动形象，可以起到刻画人物情绪、烘托环境氛围等作用。

例1:我没忍住，尴尬地笑了一声。

I couldn't help but give an embarrassed laugh.

An embarrassed laugh escaped my throat.

【分析】升级后的句子使用了无灵主语“An embarrassed laugh"，搭配有灵动“escaped”，读起来生动有趣。

例 2:我想到了我的家乡。I thought of my hometown.

My thought found its way to my hometown.

【分析】升级后的句子使用了无灵主语“My thought”，搭配有灵动词“found”，形象、生动地刻画了人物内心的思乡之情。

即学即练1.根据提示，用无灵主语句改写下列句子。

(1) He underwent great changes during that period of time. ( see )

(2)She felt excited when she heard the news. ( seize)

(3)I will always remember the experience. ( take root)

(4)We didn't go to the theatre because of the heavy rain. ( prevent...from...

(5)We reached the top of the mountain after a 50-minute climb. ( bring)

(6)I was so astonished that I couldn't speak. ( rob...of...)

2.根据提示，用无灵主语句翻译下列句子

(1)厚厚的地毯掩盖了我的脚步声。(kill)

(2)他的脸上掠过困惑的神色。(flash)

(3)一丝幽暗阴冷的光从窗帘下面透过来。(creep)

(4)黄昏时，那个小男孩独自在街上哭泣。(find)

(5)虽然已经做好了充分准备，但我还是突然失去了勇气。(desert)

(6)他重游母校，勾起了许多美好的回忆。(bring back)

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