2024审定新教材人教版初中英语九上 Unit 1和Unit 2的全文中英对照

九年级上册 Unit 1 The Changing World｜全文中英对照

单元：变化的世界（The Changing World）｜BIG QUESTION: What brings about changes? —— 什么带来了变化？

最好结合前文发布的对应单元学霸笔记一同使用

书 P2 · Section A（身边的变化）

1a

【原文】 What changes have taken place around you? The photos show changes in Li Rui's hometown over the years. What are the changes? How do they make you feel?

【译文】你身边发生了哪些变化？这些照片展示了李瑞（Li Rui）家乡多年来发生的变化。都有哪些变化？它们让你有什么感受？

1b

【原文】 Listen to a telephone conversation. Then answer the questions.

【译文】听一段电话对话，然后回答问题。

1. EN Why does George call Li Rui?

【译文】乔治（George）为什么给李瑞打电话？

2. EN When did George's father last visit the place?

【译文】乔治的父亲上一次来这个地方是什么时候？

3. EN What is the relationship between George's father and Li Rui's grandfather?

【译文】乔治的父亲和李瑞的爷爷是什么关系？

1c

【原文】 Li Rui is now showing George and his father around her hometown. Listen to their conversation and complete the table.

【译文】李瑞现在正带着乔治和他的父亲参观她的家乡。听他们的对话，完成表格。

1d

【原文】 Discuss the changes in 1c. How do you think they happened?

【译文】讨论 1c 中的变化。你认为它们是怎样发生的？

书 P3 · Section A（环境问题与改变）

2a

【原文】 Rank the following problems from 1 to 4, with 1 being the worst. Give your reasons.

【译文】把下列问题按严重程度从 1 到 4 排序，1 表示最严重。给出你的理由。

·water shortage　——　水资源短缺

·farmland shortage　——　耕地短缺

·sandstorms　——　沙尘暴

·technology shortage　——　技术短缺

2b

【原文】 Listen to the conversation between George's father and Li Rui's grandfather. What problems in 2a did they mention?

【译文】听乔治的父亲和李瑞的爷爷之间的对话。他们在 2a 中提到了哪些问题？

2c

【原文】 Listen again and fill in the table. How has the environment affected local lives?

【译文】再听一遍，填写表格。环境是如何影响当地人的生活的？

2d

【原文】 Discuss how the problems in 2b were solved.

【译文】讨论 2b 中的问题是如何解决的。

【原文】

A: The area used to be covered with sand.

B: What did they do to solve this problem?

A: They planted bushes and trees. The land has become ...

【译文】

A：这个地区过去曾被沙子覆盖。

B：他们做了什么来解决这个问题？

A：他们种了灌木和树木。土地已经变得……

书 P4 · Section A（村民生活的变化）

3a

【原文】 Read the interview between a reporter and two villagers. In what ways have the villagers' lives changed?

【译文】阅读一名记者和两位村民之间的访谈。村民们的生活在哪些方面发生了变化？

【原文】

Reporter: How has life changed in your hometown over the last 20 years?

Mr Yan: Oh, it has changed quite a lot! Many young people used to work in big cities. Now, more of them have come back to live and work here.

Reporter: Great! Have there been any other changes?

Ms Wu: Yes, we've changed the way we farm. I used to grow a few vegetables on a small farm to sell at the local market. Now, I have large, high-tech greenhouses. There, I grow tons of fruit and vegetables, and sell them in large cities.

Reporter: Wow, the new highway and railway must have helped a lot!

Mr Yan: Oh, they have! Our village has become a tourist attraction. We can now sell local products to tourists. We also sell products online to people all over China.

Reporter: Have these changes greatly improved your lives?

Ms Wu: Yes! We now have new houses. And our village has just built a new hospital and a library.

Reporter: Wonderful! Together you are building a new socialist village.

【译文】

记者：在过去的 20 年里，你家乡的生活发生了怎样的变化？

严先生（Mr Yan）：噢，变化可大了！过去很多年轻人到大城市去打工。现在，他们中有更多人回到了这里生活和工作。

记者：太好了！还有其他变化吗？

吴女士（Ms Wu）：有，我们改变了耕种的方式。过去我在一个小农场种点蔬菜，拿到当地市场去卖。现在，我有了大型的高科技温室。在那里面，我种大量的水果和蔬菜，卖到大城市里。

记者：哇，新修的高速公路和铁路一定帮了大忙！

严先生（Mr Yan）：噢，确实帮了大忙！我们村已经成了一个旅游景点。我们现在可以把本地产品卖给游客。我们还把产品放到网上，卖给全中国各地的人。

记者：这些变化大大改善了你们的生活吗？

吴女士（Ms Wu）：是的！我们现在有了新房子。而且我们村刚刚建了一座新医院和一个图书馆。

记者：真棒！你们正一起建设一个社会主义新农村。

3b

【原文】 Complete the table with the information from 3a.

【译文】用 3a 中的信息完成表格。

3c

【原文】 Listen to the conversation. Pay attention to the use of different tenses. Then role-play the conversation.

【译文】听这段对话。注意不同时态的用法。然后分角色表演这段对话。

3d

【原文】 Choose the things that have greatly changed over the last 10 years in your hometown. Talk about the changes and how you feel about them.

【译文】选出你家乡过去 10 年里变化很大的方面。谈谈这些变化，以及你对它们的感受。

·hospital　——　医院

·school　——　学校

·e-payment　——　电子支付

·shopping　——　购物

·transport　——　交通

·environment　——　环境

·restaurant　——　餐馆

·cinema　——　电影院

·housing　——　住房

【原文】

A: In your opinion, what has changed the most in your hometown over the last 10 years?

B: The environment, I think.

A: How has it changed?

B: ...

【译文】

A：在你看来，过去 10 年里你家乡变化最大的是什么？

B：我认为是环境。

A：它发生了怎样的变化？

B：……

书 P5 · Grammar Focus（语法聚焦）

4a

【原文】 Read the sentences and circle the verbs. Pay attention to the verb tenses.

【译文】读句子，圈出动词。注意动词的时态。

·He became a good friend of your grandfather about 20 years ago.<br>他大约在 20 年前成了你爷爷的好朋友。

·They haven't seen each other for ages!<br>他们已经很多年没见过彼此了！

·We used to have to travel far to see a doctor.<br>我们过去不得不走很远才能看医生。

·Our village has just built a new hospital.<br>我们村刚刚建了一座新医院。

·Now, more of them have come back to live and work here.<br>现在，他们中有更多人回到了这里生活和工作。

·Many people used to work in big cities.<br>过去很多人在大城市工作。

4b

【原文】 Complete the conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.

【译文】用括号内动词的正确形式完成对话。

【原文】

A: ___ you ___ (be) to the new library yet?

B: No, I ___ (not know) there was a new library. When did it ___ (open)?

A: It ___ (open) last Friday. I ___ (go) there with my grandpa on Saturday night.

B: ___ you ___ (like) it?

A: Of course! It's the most high-tech library I ever ___ (visit).

B: Oh, what ___ you ___ (see) there?

A: There are sections with books about science and Chinese culture, as well as a huge section with children's books. I also ___ (read) some digital books on the computer. My grandpa ___ (listen) to some audio books because he can't see well.

B: Cool! I ___ (bring) my little brother there tomorrow.

【译文】

A：你（be）去过那座新图书馆了吗？

B：没有，我（not know）那儿有一座新图书馆。它什么时候（open）的？

A：它上周五（open）的。我周六晚上和爷爷（go）那儿了。

B：你（like）它吗？

A：当然！它是我去过（visit）的最高科技的图书馆。

B：噢，你在那儿（see）了什么？

A：有科普类和中华文化类的书区，还有一大片儿童图书区。我还在电脑上（read）了一些电子书。我爷爷（listen）了一些有声书，因为他视力不太好。

B：酷！我明天（bring）我弟弟去那儿。

4c

【原文】 Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Why are local people richer and happier than before?

【译文】用括号内动词的正确形式完成短文。为什么当地人比以前更富裕、更幸福了？

【原文】

In the past, it ___ (be) difficult to travel in Guizhou. In many places, there used to ___ (be) no bridges to cross mountains and rivers, and most roads were just dirt tracks. This ___ (make) it difficult for locals to bring products to the market or to develop industry.

Now great changes ___ (take) place. The government ___ (build) thousands of kilometres of highways, railways, and wide roads. It has also built many bridges and tunnels. A journey that used to ___ (take) a day now takes only a few hours. As a result, the lives of local people ___ (improve). They are much richer and happier than they once ___ (be).

【译文】

过去，在贵州（Guizhou）出行很（be）困难。在很多地方，过去（be）没有桥跨越山河，大多数路只是土路。这（make）当地人很难把产品运到市场，也很难发展工业。

现在巨大的变化已经（take）发生。政府（build）了数千公里的高速公路、铁路和宽阔的马路。它还修建了许多桥梁和隧道。过去要（take）一天的路程，现在只需几个小时。结果，当地人的生活（improve）了。他们比过去（be）富裕、幸福得多。

书 P6 · Section B How do changes influence us?（变化如何影响我们？）

【原文】 Does your hometown have a train system? How does it benefit local lives?

【译文】你的家乡有铁路系统吗？它给当地人的生活带来了哪些好处？

1b

【原文】 Look at the title and the picture. What is the text probably about? Read it quickly to check your prediction.

【译文】看标题和图片。这篇文章大概是关于什么的？快速阅读来验证你的预测。

【原文】

On the Fast Track

In 2017, the new 480-kilometre Mombasa-Nairobi railway was opened. Before then, the only transport links between Mombasa, Kenya's main port, and Nairobi, Kenya's capital, were rough roads and an old railway line completed in 1901. The old trains were very slow. It took 10 hours to get to Nairobi from Mombasa by train.

However, the new railway, built with China's help, has already cut the travel time between Mombasa and Nairobi to about five to six hours for passengers. Now, more than two million people use it every year.

Local Kenyans have benefited a lot from the new railway. A government worker said, "I'm very happy with the new railway built by our Chinese friends. Many changes have taken place in the town over the last few years, and the people who live here have become rich." A businessman said, "My experience of using the train since 2017 has been good. It is very convenient and doesn't cost much money. I am able to get to places on time." A supermarket manager said, "The new railway makes the transport of food easier. It used to take hundreds of lorries to carry food between the two cities, but now it takes only two or three trains." As a result, people now have more fresh food to eat.

Although China and Kenya are far away from each other, the railway shows how different countries can work together to build a better world.

【译文】

步入快车道（On the Fast Track）

2017 年，全长 480 公里的新蒙巴萨（Mombasa）—内罗毕（Nairobi）铁路开通。在此之前，肯尼亚（Kenya）主要港口蒙巴萨和首都内罗毕之间唯一的交通连接方式，是坑洼的公路和一条 1901 年建成的旧铁路线。旧火车非常慢。从蒙巴萨坐火车到内罗毕要花 10 个小时。

然而，这条在中国帮助下建成的新铁路，已经把蒙巴萨和内罗毕之间的客运时间缩短到大约 5 到 6 个小时。现在，每年有超过两百万人乘坐这条铁路。

当地肯尼亚人从新铁路中获益良多。一名政府工作人员说：“我对中国朋友修建的这条新铁路非常满意。几年来镇上发生了许多变化，住在这里的人也富了起来。”一名商人说：“自 2017 年以来我乘坐火车的体验很好。它非常方便，也不贵。我能准时到达各个地方。”一位超市经理说：“新铁路让食品运输更方便了。过去要数百辆卡车才能把食品运到两座城市之间，现在只需两三列火车。”结果，人们现在能吃上更多新鲜食物。

尽管中国和肯尼亚相距遥远，但这条铁路展现了不同国家如何携手共建一个更美好的世界。

**Making predictions｜做预测**

The title and pictures can help you guess what the text is about.

标题和图片可以帮助你猜测文章是关于什么的。

书 P7 · Section B（阅读练习）

1c

【原文】 Match the numbers with the information.

【译文】把数字与信息配对。

·about five to six　——　大约 5 到 6

·10　——　10

·480　——　480

·1901　——　1901

·2017　——　2017

·more than two million　——　超过两百万

1. EN ___: the year the new railway was opened

【译文】 ___：新铁路开通的年份

2. EN ___: the year the old railway line was completed

【译文】 ___：旧铁路线建成的年份

3. EN ___: the number of people who use the new train every year

【译文】 ___：每年乘坐新火车的人数

4. EN ___: the length of the Mombasa-Nairobi railway in kilometres

【译文】 ___：蒙巴萨—内罗毕铁路的长度（公里）

5. EN ___: the hours it used to take to reach Nairobi from Mombasa by train

【译文】 ___：过去从蒙巴萨坐火车到内罗毕所需的小时数

6. EN ___: the hours it takes to reach Nairobi from Mombasa now by train

【译文】 ___：现在从蒙巴萨坐火车到内罗毕所需的小时数

1d

【原文】 Read again and answer the questions.

【译文】再读一遍，回答问题。

1. EN What type of writing is the text?

【译文】这篇文章是什么类型的文体？

2. EN What was the problem with the old railway?

【译文】旧铁路有什么问题？

3. EN How have local Kenyans benefited from the new railway?

【译文】当地肯尼亚人从新铁路中获得了哪些好处？

4. EN Why is it important to make food transport easier?

【译文】为什么让食品运输更方便很重要？

5. EN What does "on the fast track" mean?

【译文】“on the fast track”是什么意思？

1e

【原文】 Complete the table with the information from the text.

【译文】用文章中的信息完成表格。

1f

【原文】 Discuss the questions.

【译文】讨论这些问题。

1. EN Have you seen or heard of any similar changes in the world over the last several years? Where were they and what happened?

【译文】在过去几年里，你在世界上看到或听说过类似的变化吗？它们发生在哪里，发生了什么？

2. EN In what other ways can China work together with other countries to build a better world?

【译文】中国还能以哪些其他方式与其他国家合作，共建一个更美好的世界？

书 P8 · Vocabulary in Use（词汇运用）

2a

【原文】 Use a word on the left and a word on the right to create a compound word. What other compound words do you know?

【译文】用左边的一个词和右边的一个词组成一个复合词。你还知道哪些复合词？

·左侧词：green / sand / high / storm / way / land　——　绿色的 / 沙 / 高 / 暴风雨 / 路 / 土地

·右侧词：farm / rail / house / road　——　农场 / 铁路 / 房子 / 道路

【原文】 greenhouse, ...

【译文】例：greenhouse（温室）……

2b

【原文】 Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

【译文】用方框中的单词完成句子。

·product　——　产品

·corn　——　玉米

·bridge　——　桥

·wide　——　宽阔的

·capital　——　首都

1. EN The road used to be narrow and dirty. Now, it is ___ and clean.

【译文】这条路过去又窄又脏。现在，它又 ___ 又干净。

2. EN The ___ made it convenient for the villagers to travel across the river to the city.

【译文】 ___ 让村民过河去城里方便多了。

3. EN Beijing, China's ___, hosted the 2008 Summer Olympics and the 2022 Winter Olympics.

【译文】北京，中国的 ___，举办了 2008 年夏季奥运会和 2022 年冬季奥运会。

4. EN Our farm has a lot of laying hens. They feed on ___, vegetables, and insects.

【译文】我们的农场养了许多下蛋的母鸡。它们吃 ___、蔬菜和昆虫。

5. EN Look! This is a digital ___ that only sells online.

【译文】看！这是一家只在网上销售的数字 ___。

2c

【原文】 Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. What other stories do you know about China's environmental achievements?

【译文】用方框中单词的正确形式完成短文。你还知道哪些关于中国环保成就的故事？

·government　——　政府

·bush　——　灌木

·sandstorm　——　沙尘暴

·result　——　结果

·sandy　——　沙质的

·soil　——　土壤

【原文】

In 1962, Wang Shanghai moved with his family from their house in Chengde to the ___ lands of Saihanba. There were few trees to hold the ___ together, and there were often ___. Temperatures were below freezing during the winter. Life there was very difficult.

With support from the ___, Wang Shanghai led a group of 369 people who were determined to make the environment of Saihanba better. Over the next 60 years, workers planted ___ and trees, creating the world's biggest man-made forest.

Today, Saihanba is known as "the green miracle". This is the ___ of hard work and people working together. Now, the land is covered with green trees and the water is clean and fresh.

【译文】

1962 年，王上海（Wang Shanghai）和家人从承德（Chengde）的家搬到了塞罕坝（Saihanba）的 ___ 土地上。那里几乎没有树能把 ___ 固定住，还经常有 ___。冬天温度低至冰点以下。那里的生活非常艰难。

在 ___ 的支持下，王上海带领 369 人组成的队伍，决心改善塞罕坝的环境。在接下来的 60 年里，工人们种下 ___ 和树木，创造了世界上最大的人工林。

如今，塞罕坝被誉为“绿色奇迹”。这是辛勤付出和众人团结协作的 ___。现在，这片土地绿树成荫，流水清澈新鲜。

书 P9 · Section B（我生活的变化）

3a

【原文】 Read the text. What has stayed the same in the student's life?

【译文】阅读短文。这名学生的生活中有什么一直没变？

【原文】

Changes in My Life

Now that I am older, my life is different from when I was in primary school. For example, my primary school was near my home, so I used to walk to school with my parents. Now my junior high school is farther from home. I take a bus every day with my friends.

She is doing well. She has her own room and her own TV set. I am glad that I get to see her every day.

The way I study is also different. I have become more confident in my studies and often attend group discussions. I enjoy studying with my friends. It's amazing how much we have achieved together.

My life has changed in many ways, but one thing has stayed the same: the feeling of love and happiness shared by my family.

【译文】

我生活中的变化

现在我长大了，生活和上小学时不一样了。比如，我的小学离家很近，所以我过去常和父母走路去上学。现在我上的初中离家更远，我每天和朋友们一起坐公交车。

她过得很好。她有了自己的房间和自己的电视机。我很高兴每天都能见到她。

我学习的方式也不一样了。我对学习更有信心了，还经常参加小组讨论。我喜欢和朋友们一起学习。我们一起取得的成绩真是惊人。

我的生活在很多方面都变了，但有一件事始终没变：那就是家人之间共同拥有的爱与幸福的感觉。

3b

【原文】 Complete the table with the information from the text.

【译文】用短文中的信息完成表格。

3c

【原文】 Think back to when you were in primary school. In what ways has your life changed? Make notes in a table like the one in 3b.

【译文】回想一下你上小学的时候。你的生活在哪些方面发生了变化？像 3b 那样用表格做笔记。

·home　——　家

·school　——　学校

·study　——　学习

·neighbourhood　——　邻里/社区

·transport　——　交通

·environment　——　环境

3d

【原文】 Choose three changes. Write a short passage about them. End with one thing that has stayed the same.

【译文】选出三个变化。写一篇关于它们的短文。以一件一直没变的事结尾。

书 P10 · *Project & Reflecting（项目与反思）

*Project Compare then and now（项目：今昔对比）

4a

【原文】 In groups, think of 10 things that are important in life. Here are some examples.

【译文】分组讨论，想出生活中重要的 10 件事。以下是一些例子。

·technology　——　科技

·environment　——　环境

·transport　——　交通

·entertainment　——　娱乐

·education　——　教育

·shopping　——　购物

·housing　——　住房

·medical care　——　医疗

4b

【原文】 Design a survey for your parents or grandparents using the 10 things you thought of.

【译文】用你想到的这 10 件事，为你的父母或祖父母设计一份调查问卷。

【原文】

SURVEY

1. What were computers like when you were young?

2. How did you get to school? How long did it take?

3. What did you do for entertainment when you were my age?

4. ...

【译文】

调查问卷

1. 你年轻的时候，电脑是什么样的？

2. 你以前怎么上学？要花多长时间？

3. 你在我这个年纪时，会做些什么来娱乐？

4. ……

4c

【原文】 Interview your parents or grandparents about their lives when they were your age. Note down their answers.

【译文】采访你的父母或祖父母，了解他们在你这个年纪时的生活。记下他们的回答。

4d

【原文】 List the differences between their lives and your own.

【译文】列出他们的生活与你自己的生活之间的不同。

4e

【原文】 Give a presentation to your class about the differences between then and now.

【译文】向全班做一个关于“今昔不同”的汇报展示。

Reflecting（反思）

1. EN What do you think brings about changes?

【译文】你认为是什么带来了变化？

2. EN Which changes mentioned in this unit impressed you the most? Why?

【译文】本单元提到的变化中，哪一个给你的印象最深？为什么？

3. EN Can you use the simple past and present perfect tenses to talk about changes?

【译文】你能用一般过去时和现在完成时来谈论变化吗？

4. EN What is one change you would like to see in the world?

【译文】你希望在这个世界上看到的一种变化是什么？

5. EN What is one change you would like to see in yourself?

【译文】你希望在自己身上看到的一种变化是什么？

【原文】 Change is the opportunity to create a better future.

【译文】变化是创造更美好未来的机遇。

九年级上册 Unit 2 Inspiring People｜全文中英对照

激励人心的人｜BIG QUESTION: Who inspires us? —— 谁激励了我们？

书 P12 · Section A Who do we admire?（我们钦佩谁？）

1a

【原文】 Match the people with their professions. More than one option is possible.

【译文】把人物与他们的职业配对。可能有多个正确选项。

·historian　——　历史学家

·scientist　——　科学家

·chemist　——　化学家

·physicist　——　物理学家

·Sima Qian（司马迁）—— 司马迁

·Yuan Longping（袁隆平）—— 袁隆平

·Michael Faraday（迈克尔·法拉第）—— 迈克尔·法拉第

·Marie Curie（玛丽·居里）—— 玛丽·居里

1b

【原文】 Listen to the conversations. Match the speakers with the people they admire.

【译文】听对话。把说话者与他们所钦佩的人物配对。

1. Yaming（亚明）—— 亚明

2. Peter（彼得）—— 彼得

3. Fu Xing's father（福星的父亲）—— 福星的父亲

4. Emma's grandma（埃玛的奶奶）—— 埃玛的奶奶

5. Ms Gao（高老师）—— 高老师

1c

【原文】 Listen again and complete the notes.

【译文】再听一遍，补全笔记。

·Yuan Longping（袁隆平）

·developed a new kind of rice and helped ____ hunger　

——　培育出新型水稻，并帮助____饥饿

·trained people to ____ on farming　

——　培训人们从事____农业

·Michael Faraday（迈克尔·法拉第）

·did research in physics and chemistry even though he didn't ____ a formal education　

——　从事物理与化学研究，尽管他没受过____正规教育

·dropped out of school at an early age, but he found ____ to study and became a great scientist　

——　早年辍学，但他找到了____去学习，并成为伟大的科学家

·Sima Qian（司马迁）

·was the ____ of the book Shiji (Records of the Grand Historian)　

——　是《史记》（Records of the Grand Historian）的____

·played ____ in reviewing the Chinese calendar at that time　

——　在修订当时的中国历法中发挥了____

·Marie Curie（玛丽·居里）

·made many important discoveries in ____ and chemistry　

——　在____和化学领域作出了许多重要发现

·won ____ Nobel Prizes　——　获得了____次诺贝尔奖

1d

【原文】 What do you think about the people mentioned above? Talk about who you admire and why.

【译文】你对上面提到的人物有什么看法？谈谈你钦佩谁，以及为什么。

书 P13 · Section A（练习 2a–2d）

2a

【原文】 Match the people with their achievements.

【译文】把人物与他们的成就配对。

·Isaac Newton（艾萨克·牛顿）—— 艾萨克·牛顿

·Isambard Brunel（伊桑巴德·布鲁内尔）—— 伊桑巴德·布鲁内尔

·Florence Nightingale（弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔）—— 弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔

·Alan Turing（艾伦·图灵）—— 艾伦·图灵

1. was an important engineer in the 19th century. 

—— 是19世纪一位重要的工程师。

2. volunteered as a nurse to help the wounded soldiers. 

—— 自愿做一名护士，救助受伤的士兵。

3. made important discoveries in physics. 

—— 在物理学方面作出了重要发现。

4. created a test to see if a computer could really think like a person. 

—— 设计了一个测试，看计算机是否真的能像人一样思考。

2b

【原文】 Listen to the conversation. Who does each family member admire?

【译文】听对话。每位家庭成员钦佩谁？

1. Dad: ____ —— 爸爸：____

2. Mum: ____ —— 妈妈：____

3. Steve: ____ and ____ —— 史蒂夫：____ 和 ____

2c

【原文】 Listen again and circle the coloured words you hear to complete the notes.

【译文】再听一遍，圈出你听到的彩色单词，补全笔记。

·Brunel built the first British airports / railways and many other important things; helped the UK develop into a modern / developed nation　

——　布鲁内尔修建了英国第一批机场 / 铁路以及许多其他重要工程；帮助英国发展成现代 / 发达国家

·Nightingale created / developed modern nursing; helped us understand the need for better / cleaner hospitals; to stop the spread of diseases　

——　南丁格尔创立 / 发展了现代护理；让我们认识到需要更好 / 更洁净的医院，以阻止疾病传播

·Newton developed physics / science　

——　牛顿发展了物理 / 科学

·Turing pioneer of computer technology / science

　——　图灵是计算机技术 / 科学的先驱

2d

【原文】 Match the people with their fields of work. Then discuss why these people are inspiring.

【译文】把人物与工作领域配对。然后讨论为什么这些人物令人鼓舞。

·railway　——　铁路

·sea travel　——　航海

·physics　——　物理

·medicine　——　医学

·Tu Youyou（屠呦呦）—— 屠呦呦

·Zhan Tianyou（詹天佑）—— 詹天佑

·He Zehui（何泽慧）—— 何泽慧

·Zheng He（郑和）—— 郑和

·Qian Sanqiang（钱三强）—— 钱三强

·I think ... is / are great / admirable / inspiring because ...　

——　我认为……是伟大 / 令人钦佩 / 令人鼓舞的，因为……

·It is / was ... of / for ...　

——　……做某事是……的（of / for 句型）

书 P14 · Section A（练习 3a–3c）

3a

【原文】 Read the conversation and complete the chart.

【译文】读对话，补全表格。

【原文】

Adam（亚当）: Hi, everyone. Who is the person you admire the most?

Yaming（亚明）: My favourite person is I. M. Pei（贝聿铭）.

Adam: Did he design the glass pyramid at the Louvre Museum?

Yaming: Yes. It was very creative of him to design it. The Suzhou Museum is also one of his amazing designs. He created a beautiful balance between the East and the West.

Adam: Wow, you really know a lot about him!

Yaming: I read books and reports about him. I want to be a creative person like him.

Adam: What about you, Chen Jie（陈洁）? Who inspires you?

Chen Jie（陈洁）: Wang Yaping（王亚平）, of course, China's first woman to walk in space. She is full of courage and wisdom. She was also the first woman to teach a live class from space. What about you, Adam? Who do you look up to?

Adam: Me? My biggest inspiration is not a famous person. It's my father. It's really very nice of him to support and encourage my exchange study here.

【译文】

亚当：大家好。你们最钦佩的人是谁？

亚明：我最喜欢的人是贝聿铭（I. M. Pei）。

亚当：卢浮宫（Louvre Museum）的玻璃金字塔是他设计的吗？

亚明：是的。他能设计出它，真是极具创意。苏州博物馆（Suzhou Museum）也是他美妙的设计之一。他在东西方之间创造了一种美好的平衡。

亚当：哇，你真的很了解他！

亚明：我读了关于他的书和报道。我想成为像他一样有创造力的人。

亚当：你呢，陈洁？谁激励了你？

陈洁：当然是王亚平（Wang Yaping），中国第一位太空行走的女性。她充满勇气和智慧。她也是第一位在太空讲授直播课的女性。你呢，亚当？你崇拜谁？

亚当：我？我最大的灵感不是一个名人。而是我的父亲。他支持和鼓励我在这里的交流学习，真是太好了。

表格提示（待补全）：

·the glass pyramid at the Louvre Museum and the Suzhou Museum created　——　卢浮宫玻璃金字塔与苏州博物馆（由他设计）

·created a beautiful balance between the East and the West　

——　在东西方之间创造了美好的平衡

·China's first woman to walk in space and to teach a live class from space

　——　中国第一位太空行走、并在太空讲授直播课的女性

·full of courage and wisdom　

——　充满勇气与智慧

·Adam's father supports and encourages his exchange study　

——　亚当的父亲支持并鼓励他的交流学习

3b

【原文】 Listen to the conversation. Pay attention to the questions the speakers used. Then role-play the conversation.

【译文】听对话。注意说话者使用的问句。然后分角色表演对话。

3c

【原文】 Work in groups. Discuss who you admire and why. Use the words and expressions to help you.

【译文】小组合作。讨论你钦佩谁以及为什么。用下面的单词和表达来帮助你。

·creative　——　有创造力的

·brave　——　勇敢的

·amazing　——　令人惊叹的

·inspiring　——　鼓舞人心的

·full of courage　——　充满勇气

·full of wisdom　——　充满智慧

·great curiosity　——　强烈的好奇心

·dream big　——　志向远大

·never give up　——　永不放弃

书 P15 · Grammar Focus（语法聚焦）

Grammar Focus（语法聚焦）

4a

【原文】 Complete each sentence with a famous person or someone you know.

【译文】用一位名人或你认识的人补全每个句子。

·It was great of ... to develop a new kind of rice and help reduce hunger.　

——　……培育出新型水稻并帮助减少饥饿，真是太了不起了。

·It was amazing that ... did research in physics and chemistry even though ...　——　……尽管……，却从事物理与化学研究，真是令人惊叹。

·It was difficult for ... to do that kind of work back in those days.　

——　在那些日子里，……做那样的工作是很困难的。

·It's really very nice of ... to support and encourage ...　

——　……支持和鼓励……，真是太好了。

4b

【原文】 Rewrite each sentence using the words in brackets.

【译文】用括号里的词改写每个句子。

1. We listen to our teacher's advice. (necessary) 

—— 我们听取老师的建议。

2. Tall trees can grow from tiny seeds. (amazing) 

—— 大树能从微小的种子长成。

3. Confucius（孔子）said that we should treat our elders with respect. (wise) —— 孔子说我们应该尊敬长辈。

4. Professor Gui's（桂教授的）childhood dream of becoming a space scientist came true through his efforts and hard work. (inspiring) 

—— 桂教授童年想成为航天科学家的梦想，通过他的努力与勤奋实现了。

5. Victor Hugo（维克多·雨果）stood up for the common people he cared about. (brave) —— 维克多·雨果为他关心的普通人挺身而出。

4c

【原文】 Complete the passage with the correct sentence parts. In what ways do you find Zhang Qian inspiring? Give your reasons.

【译文】用正确的句子片段补全短文。你觉得张骞（Zhang Qian）在哪些方面令人鼓舞？说说你的理由。

·A. It is important for us

　——　对我们来说，……是很重要的

·B. It was really brave and admirable　

——　那真是勇敢且令人钦佩的

·C. It is always inspiring　

——　……总是令人鼓舞的

·D. It seemed impossible for him　

——　对他来说，……似乎是不可能的

·to read about great people and learn from their stories.　

——　阅读伟人的故事并从中学习。

·Recently, I read about Zhang Qian, the pioneer of the famous Silk Road.　

——　最近，我读到了张骞的故事，他是著名丝绸之路的开拓者。

·In order to help defeat his enemies, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty（汉武帝）sent Zhang Qian to find the Yuezhi（大月氏）people.　

——　为了击败敌人，汉武帝派张骞去寻找大月氏人。

·Unfortunately, Zhang Qian was caught by the enemy.　

——　不幸的是，张骞被敌人抓住了。

·to finish his task or to return home.　

——　完成使命或返回家乡。

·However, around 10 years later, he got a chance to run away, and he finally succeeded in finding the Yuezhi people.　

——　然而，大约10年后，他找到机会逃走，并最终成功找到了大月氏人。

·that he never forgot his task, and his travels also brought back valuable information about the Western Regions（西域）.

　——　他从未忘记自己的使命，他的旅行也带回了关于西域的宝贵信息。

·Later, he was sent to these places again to build relationships.　

——　后来，他又被派往这些地方建立联系。

·Stories like this give us power and inspiration.　

——　这样的故事给了我们力量与启发。

·to remember the past and find ways to do more for a better future　

——　铭记过去，并找到方法为更美好的未来做更多事

书 P16 · Section B What makes people admirable?（什么让人们值得钦佩？）

1a

【原文】 Look at the title of the text. What do you think a seed scientist does? Do you think it is an interesting job?

【译文】看课文标题。你认为种子科学家是做什么的？你觉得这是一份有趣的工作吗？

1b

【原文】 Read the text quickly. Who was the seed scientist? What did he do?

【译文】快速阅读课文。这位种子科学家是谁？他做了什么？

The Inspiring Seed Scientist（鼓舞人心的种子科学家）

·On 25 September 2017, the scientific world was shaken by the news that Chinese professor Zhong Yang（钟扬）had died in a car accident.

　——　2017年9月25日，中国教授钟扬在一场车祸中离世的消息震惊了科学界。

·The well-respected biologist had spent his whole life researching plants and seeds.　

——　这位备受尊敬的生物学家的毕生都致力于研究植物和种子。

·Over the years, he collected many important seeds for China's seed banks.　——　多年来，他为中国种子库收集了许多重要种子。

·These special banks protect all kinds of plant seeds, including the ones we need for food, and they make sure that important plants do not disappear from the world forever.　

——　这些特殊的种子库保护着各种植物种子，包括我们赖以生存的食物种子，并确保重要植物不会从世界上永远消失。

·Zhong Yang was born in 1964.　

——　钟扬生于1964年。

·When he was young, he showed a deep love for and a curiosity about the things he studied.　

——　年轻时，他就对自己研究的事物表现出深深的热爱与好奇。

·He was an excellent student, entering university at the early age of 15.　

——　他是一名优秀的学生，15岁就早早进入大学。

·There, he studied radio engineering and later became interested in plants.　——　在那里，他学习无线电工程，后来对植物产生了兴趣。

·The research and study of plants, especially the seeds, became the focus of his life after he became a professor at Fudan University（复旦大学）.　

——　在成为复旦大学的教授后，对植物尤其是种子的研究成为他生活的重心。

·It is important for seed banks to include many different kinds of seeds.　

——　种子库收录多种多样的种子是很重要的。

·When Zhong Yang discovered that there was not enough research on the seeds from Xizang（西藏）, he went there to collect seeds himself.　

——　当钟扬发现对西藏种子的研究不足时，他亲自前往那里采集种子。

·In 2001, he began his travels across Xizang.　

——　2001年，他开始了穿越西藏的采集之旅。

·It was very difficult for him to brave the cold weather and great heights.　

——　对他来说，勇敢面对严寒与高海拔是极其困难的。

·He sometimes fell sick, but he always continued with his work.　

——　他有时会生病，但总是坚持工作。

·Zhong Yang knew it was better to include more people when doing important work.　

——　钟扬知道，在从事重要工作时，让更多人参与更好。

·He began a programme to find and train local students in field research to become scientists.　

——　他启动了一个项目，在野外研究中寻找并培养当地学生成为科学家。

·Together, he and his team collected more than 40 million seeds from over 1,000 types of plants.　

——　他和团队一起，从1,000多种植物中收集了超过4,000万颗种子。

·Their hard work provided the world with lots of new information about the plants in China.　

——　他们的辛勤工作为世界提供了大量关于中国植物的新信息。

·Zhong Yang left behind more than just a huge collection of seeds.

　——　钟扬留下的不仅仅是一大笔种子收藏。

·His love for his job and research lives on in his students.　

——　他对工作和研究的热爱在他的学生身上延续。

·He once said, "My students will continue on the road of scientific exploration, and the seeds we have collected may grow hundreds of years from now."

　——　他曾说："我的学生们将继续走在科学探索的道路上，而我们收集的种子也许在数百年后才会发芽生长。"

书 P17 · Section B（练习 1c–1f）

1c

【原文】 Read again and match each paragraph with its topic.

【译文】再读一遍，把每个段落与它的主题配对。

段落 Paragraphs：

·Paragraph 1（第1段）

·Paragraph 2（第2段）

·Paragraph 3（第3段）

·Paragraph 4（第4段）

·Paragraph 5（第5段）

主题 Topics：

·A. Training local students to do important work　

——　培养当地学生从事重要工作

·B. Introduction to Zhong Yang and seed banks　

——　钟扬与种子库介绍

·C. What he left behind

　——　他留下的东西

·D. Becoming interested in seeds　

——　开始对种子产生兴趣

·E. Starting to work and collect seeds in Xizang　

——　开始在西藏工作并采集种子

1d

【原文】 Fill in the blanks with the information from the text. Then put the events into the timeline and tell the story of Zhong Yang in your own words.

【译文】用课文中的信息填空。然后把事件放进时间线，用你自己的话讲述钟扬的故事。

·A. Zhong Yang was born.

　——　钟扬出生。

·B. He ____ at the age of 15.　

——　他15岁时____。

·C. He began to train local students.　

——　他开始培养当地学生。

·D. He died in ____.　

——　他于____去世。

·E. He studied ____ and later ____.　

——　他学习____，后来____。

·F. He travelled around Xizang to ____.

　——　他游历西藏以____。

时间线：1964 —————— 2017

1e

【原文】 Explain the meanings of these sentences in your own words. Pay attention to the underlined words.

【译文】用你自己的话解释这些句子的意思。注意带下划线的单词。

1. It was very difficult for him to brave the cold weather and great heights. 

—— 对他来说，勇敢面对严寒与高海拔是极其困难的。

·Using context / Examining a sentence's context may help you guess and learn the meanings of difficult words and phrases.　

——　利用语境 / 分析句子的语境可以帮助你猜测并学习难词和短语的意思。

2. His love for his job and research lives on in his students. 

—— 他对工作和研究的热爱在他的学生身上延续。

1f

【原文】 Discuss the questions.

【译文】讨论以下问题。

1. Why did Zhong Yang want more people to do seed collection and research? —— 钟扬为什么想让更多人从事种子采集和研究？

2. What makes Zhong Yang admirable? What can you learn from him?

 —— 是什么让钟扬令人钦佩？你能从他身上学到什么？

3. What other admirable scientists do you know of? What can you learn from their stories? 

—— 你还知道哪些令人钦佩的科学家？你能从他们的故事中学到什么？

书 P18 · Vocabulary in Use（词汇运用）

Vocabulary in Use（词汇运用）

2a

【原文】 Circle the correct words to complete the sentences. Then write down more words ending with -ist, -er, and -ian.

【译文】圈出正确的单词补全句子。然后写出更多以 -ist、-er 和 -ian 结尾的单词。

1. My sister wants to become a science / scientist because she likes to find out how the universe works.

 —— 我妹妹想成为科学 / 科学家，因为她喜欢探究宇宙是如何运转的。

2. The history / historian wrote a book about the successful development of socialism in China.

 —— 历史 / 历史学家写了一本关于中国社会主义成功发展的书。

3. My favourite school subject is chemistry / chemist. I love mixing things together and learning why they change. 

—— 我最喜欢的学校科目是化学 / 化学家。我喜欢把东西混合在一起，了解它们为什么会变化。

4. Some biology / biologist students at the university are studying how life on earth began. 

—— 大学里一些生物 / 生物学专业的学生正在研究地球生命是如何起源的。

5. Teng Fei（腾飞）likes physics / physicist very much, and he wants to be a scientific researcher / research in the future. 

—— 腾飞非常喜欢物理 / 物理学家，将来想成为一名科学研究者 / 研究。

2b

【原文】 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in the box.

【译文】用方框中单词的正确形式补全句子。

·spread　——　传播

·wise　——　明智的

·elder　——　长辈；年长的

·calendar　——　日历

·radio　——　收音机；无线电

1. I heard about the latest discoveries about black holes on the ____. 

—— 我在____上听到了关于黑洞的最新发现。

2. Curiosity and ____ lead us to explore the secrets of the universe. 

—— 好奇心和____引领我们探索宇宙的奥秘。

3. I would love to have lunch with you next week. Let me check my ____ to see if I am free. 

—— 我很想下周和你吃午饭。让我查一下我的____，看看有没有空。

4. You'd better wear a mask when you go out. The flu is ____, and the number of patients is going up. 

—— 你出门最好戴口罩。流感正在____，患病人数在上升。

5. Marie Curie's daughter, Irene（伊雷娜）, was also very interested in science and won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry. 

—— 玛丽·居里的女儿伊雷娜也对科学很感兴趣，并获得了诺贝尔化学奖。

2c

【原文】 Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. Try to introduce Amelia Earhart in your own words.

【译文】用方框中单词的正确形式补全短文。试着用你自己的话来介绍阿米莉亚·埃尔哈特（Amelia Earhart）。

·look up to　——　钦佩；尊敬

·pioneer　——　先驱

·courage　——　勇气

·pilot　——　飞行员

·come true　——　实现

·encourage　——　鼓励

·Amelia Earhart was always a brave child, full of ____.　

——　阿米莉亚·埃尔哈特一直是个勇敢的孩子，充满____。

·Her parents supported her and her ____ to be herself.　

——　她的父母支持她，也支持她做自己的____。

·After taking her first flight in a plane, she knew that she wanted to become a ____ more than anything else in the world.

　——　在第一次乘坐飞机后，她知道自己想成为____，胜过世上其他一切。

·Later, she worked hard to pay for her own flying lessons.　

——　后来，她努力打工支付自己的飞行课程费用。

·In 1922, she flew higher than any woman had done before.　

——　1922年，她飞得比此前任何女性都高。

·Earhart is best known for being a flight ____ as the first woman to fly on her own across the Atlantic Ocean（大西洋）in 1932.　

——　埃尔哈特最为人知的是作为飞行____，她是1932年首位独自飞越大西洋的女性。

·She became famous around the world.　

——　她举世闻名。

·Many people ____ Earhart and find her an inspiring person because of her efforts to work hard and her ability to make her dreams ____.　

——　许多人____埃尔哈特，并因她努力奋斗的精神和实现梦想的能力而视她为鼓舞人心的人。

书 P19 · Section B（阅读与写作 3a–3d）

3a

【原文】 Read an online post. Who does the writer admire? Why?

【译文】读一篇网络帖子。作者钦佩谁？为什么？

【原文】

To me, one of the most inspiring people in Chinese history is Mozi (about 468–376 BCE). It is said that Mozi was a soldier, good at woodwork, and was the inventor of the kite. But in fact, above all, he was a great thinker.

Mozi lived during the Warring States Period. Back then, many kingdoms were fighting against each other. In these wars, the common people were always hurt. To Mozi, this had to stop, so he spent his lifetime trying to bring peace.

His idea of love was one reason that Mozi wanted peace. It was important to him that everyone should show the same kindness and care to everyone else, whether they were family, friends, or strangers. He also believed states should avoid attacking one another.

Though Mozi lived more than 2,000 years ago, his ideas live on. I think he is still a great inspiration to many people. Now, more than ever, people around the world need to hear the message of peace and love, and work together to build a community of a shared future for mankind.

【译文】

对我来说，中国历史上最鼓舞人心的人物之一是墨子（Mozi，约公元前468–376年）。据说墨子曾是一名士兵，擅长木工，还是风筝的发明者。但实际上，他首先是一位伟大的思想家。

墨子生活在战国时期（Warring States Period）。那时，许多诸侯国相互攻伐。在这些战争中，平民总是受到伤害。对墨子来说，这必须停止，因此他用毕生精力谋求和平。

墨子的"兼爱"思想是他追求和平的原因之一。对他而言，重要的是每个人都应向他人——无论是家人、朋友还是陌生人——付出同样的善意与关怀。他还认为各国应避免相互攻伐。

尽管墨子生活在两千多年前，他的思想却延续至今。我认为他至今仍是许多人的伟大榜样。现在，世界各国人民比以往任何时候都更需要听到和平与爱的信息，并携手构建人类命运共同体（a community of a shared future for mankind）。

3b

【原文】 Complete the chart using the information from the post.

【译文】用帖子中的信息补全表格。

3c

【原文】 Research a person in this unit or any other person that you find inspiring. Make notes in a chart like the one above.

【译文】研究本单元中的一位人物，或任何你认为是鼓舞人心的人物。用上面那样的表格做笔记。

3d

【原文】 Use your notes to write a post about the person you find inspiring.

【译文】用你的笔记写一篇关于你心目中的鼓舞人心的人的帖子。

---

书 P20 · *Project Make a wall of inspiration（制作一面灵感墙）

*Project Make a wall of inspiration（制作一面灵感墙）

4a

【原文】 Brainstorm inspiring people you know of. Then do some research on each one and write down a simple introduction. Here are some examples.

【译文】头脑风暴你想到的鼓舞人心的人物。然后分别对每个人做一些研究，写一个简短的介绍。以下是一些例子。

·He Zehui（何泽慧）

·A famous engineer known as "China's Madame Curie"　

——　一位著名的工程师，被誉为"中国的居里夫人"

·Dedicated her life to science and teaching young researchers　

——　毕生奉献于科学，并培养年轻研究人员

·Mao Yisheng（茅以升）

·A brilliant physicist known as "the father of modern bridges in China"

　——　一位杰出的科学家，被誉为"中国现代桥梁之父"

·Shared his knowledge by teaching at universities and writing books　

——　通过在大学任教和著书来分享他的知识

·Galileo（伽利略）

·An Italian physicist and astronomer　

——　一位意大利物理学家和天文学家

·Discovered that the earth moves around the sun　

——　发现地球绕太阳运转

·Believed that serving the people was the most important thing　

——　认为为人民服务是最重要的事

·Huang Wenxiu（黄文秀）

·A young village leader who worked to fight poverty in the countryside　

——　一位年轻村官，致力于在乡村扶贫

·Believed that serving the people was the most important thing　

——　认为为人民服务是最重要的事

4b

【原文】 Discuss what these inspiring people have in common. List the qualities you all agree on.

【译文】讨论这些鼓舞人心的人物有哪些共同点。列出你们一致认同的品质。

4c

【原文】 Work in your groups to choose a person you admire and make a poster.

【译文】小组合作，选一位你钦佩的人物，制作一张海报。

4d

【原文】 Present your poster to the class. Put it on the wall of inspiration in your classroom or school hallway.

【译文】向全班展示你的海报。把它贴在你教室或学校走廊的"灵感墙"上。

Reflecting（反思）

1. What inspiring people have you learnt about? Why are they inspiring? 

—— 你了解了哪些鼓舞人心的人物？为什么他们令人鼓舞？

2. What are some words and expressions to describe inspiring people?

 —— 有哪些单词和表达可以用来描述鼓舞人心的人？

3. Can you talk about who you admire and explain why? 

—— 你能说出你钦佩谁并解释原因吗？

4. How can you inspire people around you? 

—— 你如何才能激励身边的人？

Inspiring people show us the way forward. 

—— 鼓舞人心的人为我们指明前进的方向。