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Module 6 语法篇
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熟练掌握本模块语法知识。
1.形容词变成副词的规律。
一般在形容词的词尾加-ly 可以变成副词。例如：quick—quickly, slow—slowly, loud—loudly,
sudden—suddenly 等。
特殊情况：
构成方法
例子
一些以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词，要把y
改为i 再加-ly。
happy—happily,
angry—angrily
有些以-ble 或-le 结尾的形容词，去掉e 加-y。possible—possibly
terrible—terribly
少数以e 结尾的形容词，要去掉e 再加-ly。
但绝大多数以e 结尾的形容词仍然直接加-
ly。
true—truly
polite—politely
wide—widely
以-l 结尾的形容词变为副词时仍然要在词尾
加-ly，而不是只加-y。除非是以-ll 结尾的才
在词尾只加-y。
careful—carefully
useful—usefully
full—fully
温馨提示：副词修饰行为动词这一点。如：
He is very ________(careful).
He does everything ________(carefully)
第一句中是作表语，用形容词careful；第二句中修饰行为动词does 用副词carefully。
常考的形容词和副词辨析有：hard 努力——hardly 几乎不；late 迟的，晚的——lately 近来；deep
深——deeply 深深地；near 靠近——nearly 差不多；wide 宽——widely 广泛地；high 高的——
highly 高度地；close 靠近的——closely 密切地； free 免费的——freely 自由地。
2．-ing 形容词和-ed 形容词的区别。
-ing 形容词
-ed 形容词
例句
interesting 有趣的
interested 感兴趣的
I have an interesting book.
He is interested in science.
exciting 令人兴奋的
excited 感到兴奋的
Have you heard of the exciting news？
We are excited about the traveling.
moving 令人感动的
moved 受感动的
Titanic is a moving film.
We are moved by Hong Zhanhui deeply.
表示主动意义，多指
事物对人的影响，一
般修饰事物。
表示被动意义，多指人
对事物的感受，主语一
般是人，常用于“sb.+-
ed 形容词+ 介词” 结
We are all interested in the interesting story.
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构。
3．复习动词不定式。
（1）不定式的基本形式是“to＋动词原形”，或省略to 用动词原形。在句中使用时不能作谓语，
但可以和自己的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。
e.g.The mother wants her to read English every day.
母亲要她的儿子每天读英语。
My mother asked me not to read in bed.
我的母亲要求我不要躺在床上看书。
（2）不定式的句法作用：
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的作用，它可以作宾语、宾补和状语。
① 作宾语
e.g.He wants to go out with her.
他想和她一起出去。（want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”）
注意：
a. 一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望，如：would like,
want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect 等。
e.g.Would you like to see a film this evening？
你今晚想去看电影吗？
b. 在find, think 后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it 代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。
e.g.I find it easy to read English every day.
我发现每天读英语很简单。
② 作宾语补足语：动词不定式作宾补时，它与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。
e.g.Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.
露丝要他关小收音机。(他关小收音机)
注意：动词不定式在使役动词make, let 和感官动词see, watch, hear, feel 等词后作宾补时，常省去不
定式符号to。had better, would rather 后的不定式也不带to，help 后的不定式可带to，也可不带to。
e.g.Her mother makes her do homework every evening.
她母亲要她每天晚上都写作业。
Let’s see the dolphins.
我们去看海豚吧。
I hear her sing every day.
我听见她每天都唱歌。
You’d better do homework first.
你最好先做作业。
但make, see, hear 等词在被动语态中，其后的不定式要带to。
e.g.She was heard to speak English.
有人听到她说英语。
③ 作目的状语，表示某一动作或状态的目的，常常翻译成“为了……”。它可置于句首或者句
末。为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时，还可以在前面加 in order to 或so as to。
e.g.Mrs. Wang went to Shanghai to see her daughter.
王女士去上海看望她的女儿。
To arrive in time, we’ll start early.
为了及时到达，我们将早出发。
We should work hard in order to pass the exam.
=We should work hard so as to pass the exam.
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我们应该努力学习以便我们能通过考试。
1. Tom studies ________ but his sister ________ studies.
A．hard，hard B．hardly，hardly
C．hard，hardly D．hardly，hard
2.—What did the doctor tell you just now?
—He told me ________ less and ________ more.
A. eat; to sleep
B. to eat; sleep
C. to eat; sleeping
D. eating; sleeping
3. She was made ______ the housework every day .
A. do
B. to do
C. doing
D. did
4. ________ the train , we got up early and booked a taxi in advance.
A. catch
B. to catch
C. catching
D. caught
5. I think it meaningful _______ learn English .
A. learn
B. learning
C. to learn
D. learned
基础演练
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. I hope _____( see ) her soon.
2. Sports help ______( keep) people healthy.
3. I except _______( enter ) graduate school in the fall.
4. He can’t decide when_______( start).
5. I found it difficult _______( work) out the match problem .
6. The first man ______( come ) was an old man .
7. I asked him _______ ( show )me the new dictionary .
8. He promised _______( not tell ) anyone about it .
巩固提高
1. – What does John do on the farm?
-- Oh, his job is _______ the animals.
A. to feed
B. feed
C. to feeding
D. feeds
2. I was excited _______ from my cousin, Lin Li.
A. hearing
B. hear
C. to hear
D. heard
3. The students had many books about animals to _______.
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A. see
B. look at
C. read
D. visit
4. He is making a poster ________ people from killing the rare animals.
A. to feed
B. to stop
C. to see
D. to show
5. You don’t need __________ every new word in your dictionary while reading.
A. to look for
B. to look at
C. to look after
D. to look up
6. The difficulty is _________ the ________ of rare animals.
A. stop, kill
B. to stop, killing
C. stop, killing
D. to stop, kill
7. The tigers go out ______ their food when they are hungry.
A. to look
B. to look for
C. to find
D. to find out
8.I think ________ is interesting to have a talk with the famous man on TV.
A. that
B. this
C. it
D. Its
9.It’s very kind of him ________ me with my English.
A. helps
B. to help
C. helping
D. help
I feel a bit cold. Tell Kate ________ the windows.
A. not to open
B. to not open
C. don’t open
D. not open
一．根据句意用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. I need ___________(clean) my house this afternoon.
2. Peter paid some money ___________(get) that basketball.
3. Do you think what we can do ___________(save) the animals?
4. It’s important ___________(learn) Chinese well.
5. ___________(catch) the bus, David had his breakfast quickly.
二．选择填空。
1. The teacher told them ________ make so much noise.
A. don’t
B. not
C. will not
D. not to
2. Our master often told us _______ things for granted.
A. not to have
B. not to take
C. didn’t take
D. not to make
3. Tell him _______ the window.
A. to shut not
B. not to shut
C. to not shut
D. not shut
4. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ______.
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A. not to
B. not to do
C. not do it
D. do not to
5. The patient was warned _______ oily food after the operation.
A. to eat not
B. eating not
C. not to eat
D. not eating
6. The workers want us ________ together with them.
A. work
B. working
C. to work
D. worked
7. I’m hungry. Get me something _________.
A. eat
B. to eat
C. eating
D. for eating
8. --- I usually go there by train.
--- Why not _______ by boat for a change?
A. to try going
B. trying to go
C. to try and go
D. try going
9. John was made _______ the truck for a week as a punishment.
A. to wash
B. washing
C. wash
D. to be washing
10. Paul doesn’t have to be made _______. He always works hard.
A. learn
B. to learn
C. learned
D. learning
三. 完形填空。
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、c、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Once, in a small village, lived a family with eight children. Two of the children
loved 1 very much, but the family was so poor that it was impossible to
send 2 of them to study at the art college at the same time. After many discussions,
the two boys finally 3 a plan. They would toss(抛) a coin. The loser would
go 4 into the mines (煤矿) and, with his earnings(赚得的钱), 5 his brother
studying at the college. Then, when the brother who won the toss finished his studies, after four
years, he would support the other brother studying at the 6
James won the toss and Jack went down into the mines. James worked with all his heart and
his paintings were much 7 than those of most of his teachers, and by the time
he 8 , he was beginning to make a lot of money for his paintings.
9 James returned, the family held a big dinner for his great success. Soon after the
meal began, James 10 up from his seat to drink a toast (举杯祝酒) to his
dear 11 He said, "Jack, now you can go to the art college and
your 12 will come true. I will take care of you. "
But Jack said 13 , "Brother, the four years in the mines has done too much to
my hands, so it' s too 14 Now I can' t even hold a glass. "
To show his great love and respect, James drew his brother' s hands
with 15 towards the sky.
He called his drawing "The Praying Hands", which became very famous years later.
1.A. painting
B. books
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C. school
D. money
2.A. any
B. all
C. both
D. neither
3.A. looked out
B. worked out
C. took out
D. got out
4.A. off
B. away
C. up
D. down
5.A. support
B. agree
C. follow
D. let
6.A. home
B. mine
C. college
D. school
7.A. better
B. worse
C. cheaper
D, older
8.A. arrived
B. graduated
C. walked
D. waited
9.A. Before
B. When
C. Though
D. While
10.A. picked
B. turned
C. looked
D. stood
11.A. brother
B. sister
C. father
D. mother
12.A. way
B. idea
C. dream
D. practice
13.A. happily
B. surprisedly
C. angrily
D. softly
14.A. early
B. late
C. good
D. helpful
15.A. legs
B. feet
C. arms
D. fingers
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(2014 年外研版八年级上期末测试题）
Books
Information
Little Bull
Author:Ellen james
Main idea:The book tells us how the lovely 250-pound baby
elephant learns about the world around him
Price: 24.0 yuan
The Trouble with Teachers
Author:Barbara Calamari
Main idea:Angela has found herself in trouble again at school
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with her teachers.She and her friends Gina and Johnny will be
punished.
Price:15.0yuan
I've Got a Secret
Author:Cathy West
Main idea:Nine-year-old Michelle got a new hot-pink notebook as
a birthday gift and she began to keep a diary every day.
Price:30.0 yuan
Miss Nobody
Author:Tomek Tryzna
Main idea:At the age of fifteen,Mary-sia moves with her parents
to the nearest big city. Then she meets two girls,Kasia and
Eva,and they begin to teach her the secrets of life.
Price:33.0 yuan
1.Who is the author of the book Little Bull?
A．Ellen James.
B．Barbara Calamari.
C．Cathy West.
D．Tomek Tryzna.
2．How much does the book The Trouble with Teachers cost you?
A．24.0 yuan.
B．33.0 yuan.
C．30.0 yuan.
D．15.0 yuan.
3．Which book should you buy if you want to know about a kind of animal?
A．I've Got a Secret.
B．The Trouble with Teachers.
C．Little Bull.
D．Miss Nobody.
4．Cathy West's book is ______ yuan cheaper than Tomek Tryzna's.
A．four
B．three
C．two
D．one
5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the table?
A．The book with the price of 30.0 yuan tells us how to keep a diary.
B．Barbara Calamari's book tells us the story in Angela's home.
C．Miss Nobody is about a fifteenyearold girl.
D．If you pay 20.0 yuan,you can buy two books above.
A
We all know the giraffes are the tallest living animals on land. But do you want to learn more about them?
Let me tell you.
Giraffes live in Africa. They have a very long neck. A giraffe can be more than 18 feet tall.
A giraffe has four long, thin legs. The front legs are longer than the back legs. It can run about 50
kilometres each hour. A giraffe is probably famous for its long neck. It can reach the leaves at the top of the
trees.
A giraffe can live for 20—25 years in the wild, and often longer at zoos. An adult(成年的) giraffe eats up
to 140 pounds of food each day. A giraffe spends most of a day eating and it gets just a few leaves once. It
eats leaves on tall trees, tall bushes and tall grass too. But its favourite food is leaves on the acacia trees(金
合欢树). Acacia leaves contain a lot of water, so a giraffe can go a long time without drinking.
1.What does a giraffe look like?
A. It is the second tallest living animal on land.
B. It has a long neck and four long, thin legs.
C. It can live for 20—25 years in the wild.
D. It can run about 50 kilometres each hour.
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2.A giraffe is wellknown because of _________.
A. its front legs
B. its speed(速度)
C. its neck
D. its food
3.What food does a giraffe like best?
A. Leaves of the acacia trees.
B. Green grass.
C. Tall bushes.
D. Little animals.
4.Why doesn’t a giraffe drink water for a long time?
A. It’s an animal of the desert.
B. It lives in the grassland.
C. It’s an animal like a camel.
D. Its food contains some water.
5.Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. A giraffe is an animal from Europe.
B. A giraffe’s front legs are longer than the back legs.
C. It takes a giraffe lots of time to eat food.
D. A giraffe in the wild can live for over 20 years.
B
Do you know why different animals or insects(昆虫) have their special colours? Colours are used mainly to
protect themselves.
Why can’t some birds easily catch locusts(蝗虫)? It is because locusts change their colours together with
the change of the colours of crops(庄稼)．When crops are green, locusts look green.But as autumn comes,
locusts change to the same brown colour as crops have. Some other insects with different colours from
plants are easily found and eaten by others. So they have to hide themselves for lives in the day and appear
only at night.
If you study the animal life, you’ll find the main use of colouring is to protect themselves. Bears, lions and
other animals can’t be easily seen by hunters(猎人)．This is because they have the colours much like the
trees.
Have you ever noticed an even more strange thing？A kind of fish in the sea can send out black liquid(液
体) when it faces danger.While the liquid spreads over(散开)，its enemies(敌人) can’t find it.And it
quickly swims away.So it has lived up to now though it is not strong at all.
6.From the article we learn that locusts _________.
A. are dangerous to their enemies
B. are easily found by birds
C. change their colours to protect themselves
D. are small animals
7.How can insects with different colours from plants keep out of danger?
A. They have to move quietly.
B. They hide themselves in the day and appear at night.
C. They have the colours much like their enemies.
D. They run away quickly.
8.Bears and lions can keep safe because __________.
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A. they live in forests
B. they like brown and grey colours
C. they move quietly
D. they have the colours much like the trees
9.A kind of fish in the sea can live up to now because ________．
A. it is very big and strong
B. the liquid it sends out can help it swim away from its enemies
C. the liquid it sends out can kill its enemies
D. it swims faster than any other fish
10.Which is the best title for this passage?
A. The Main Use of Colours for Animals and Insects
B. Colours of Different Animals and Insects
C. The Change of Colours for Animals and Insects
D. The Change of Different Animals and Plants
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