【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
阅读理解 原创题组练(一)
A
Professor David G.Evans,65,an Oxford University graduate who has been teaching
chemistry in Beijing for nearly three decades,has broken out of campus life to become an
Internet star in China.
The original intention from academic to online celebrity resulted from his mission to
inspire the general public with the wonders of chemistry by making science accessible and
fun.On the short-video app Kuaishou,his videos of chemical experiments have attracted
nearly 10 million followers.“The most important thing is not which reaction you choose to
show,but how you present the material to make it interesting and to spread some knowledge,”
he said.“I want to use the Internet to awake their interest in chemistry.”
Evans,known on social media as Dr Dai from his Chinese name Dai Wei,has been in
Beijing since 1996.But his interest in China dates back to his childhood in Britain.He wanted
to learn more about China,just as he did chemistry.He took up a teaching post there—what he
called a “once in a lifetime opportunity”.When he found the campus lab couldn’t contain his
devotion to chemistry,he decided to expand his focus,taking science out to the public.“In this
era,we are all bombed with information,” he said.“How do you actually sort out what is true
and what is false? Everybody these days needs to think in a scientific way.”
Evans sees his efforts to popularize science as a supplement to China’s education
system,where he finds some students are fed up with textbooks and longing for more
practical,hands-on experience.So far,he has visited more than 300 cities across
China,delivering chemistry lessons in schools,science museums and other venues.
His efforts have paid off.“Hopefully,I can give students a chance to actually see the
beauty of chemistry,and some of them may actually be inspired to become scientists,” he
said.For his contributions in China,Evans was presented the Friendship Award,the highest
honor in China for foreigners,in 2001.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述英国的埃文斯教授心系中国,普及化学
知识,唤醒民众对科学的兴趣,自己也赢得了友谊奖的事情。
1.What’s Evans’ purpose of giving lessons on social media?
A.To solve the students’ problems.
B.To draw the public’s wide attention.
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
C.To popularize the science of chemistry.
D.To sell his new works on chemistry.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The original intention from academic to online
celebrity resulted from his mission to inspire the general public with the wonders of
chemistry by...”可知,埃文斯之所以爆红网络,是因为他想普及化学科学知识。
2.Why did Evans call the post a “once in a lifetime opportunity”?
A.He valued his job.
B.He took up teaching once.
C.The opportunity was easy to get.
D.Chemistry was his lifetime career.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段描述,埃文斯从童年时代就渴望来中国,了解中国。他来
北京得到了教职。他不满足于校内,走出校门,向大众传播化学知识,渴望唤醒更多的人
对化学的兴趣。由此可推知,他非常珍惜工作岗位,将得到这一岗位视作千载难逢的机会。
3.What do the students expect to do according to Evans?
A.Recite textbooks.
B.Participate actively.
C.Do large exercises.
D.Visit museums.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段“...some students are fed up with textbooks and longing
for more practical,hands-on experience.”可知,在埃文斯看来,学生厌倦了书本,渴求实用的
实践知识,希望积极参与。
4.What is the text mainly about?
A.China’s education system.
B.A chemistry lesson in schools.
C.Friendship between Britain and China.
D.A chemistry online hit in China.
答案 D
解析 主旨大意题。文章开宗明义,指出埃文斯教授走出校门,成了互联网明星。接下来
叙述他在网络或走街串巷,演示化学实验,最终不负众望,让学生们领略到化学的美,也因
此获得了友谊奖。
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
B
Does work ever leave you feeling unchanged with limited opportunities to be creative?
To fly high,you might want to increase your brain’s flexibility.But is this even possible,and if
so,how?
Most jobs require the ability to solve problems and cope with challenges,at least to a
certain extent.Imagine a teacher who has a new and very nervous student in their class.If that
teacher is a flexible thinker,they will be able to adapt their classroom management,even if
they haven’t seen this situation before.According to Leonard Mlodinow,author of
Elastic,flexible thinkers rely on idea generation and imagination—they are willing to
experiment and take risks.“Flexible thinking is what you need when the circumstances
change,and you are dealing with something new.It’s not about following rules.”
Therefore,instead of following the typical procedure for inducting a new student,the teacher
might come up with a tailored response,based on prediction and previous experience.
So,how can you become a more flexible thinker? According to Dr Lisa Feldman
Barrett,it’s all about exercising the brain.One way of doing this,she says,is through exposure
to a variety of experiences which make it easier to adjust to new situations.A lot of
companies now consider flexible thinking in the workplace,especially when it comes to
design.Workspaces may have couches where workers can lie down and relax,giving them the
space to come up with and process new ideas.Mlodinow says it’s very important to take time
to daydream,listen to ideas and concepts you disagree with and spend time doing activities
outside of your comfort zone.This will help you understand multiple points of view and
therefore blossom in many different aspects of your career.
So,if you want to make a change,you can become a flexible thinker too,with a little
practice.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论在工作和生活中的弹性思维及其培养
路径。
5.Why does the author mention the teacher in paragraph 2?
A.To indicate teachers are more flexible.
B.To explain teachers are highly-paid.
C.To prove the job faces little challenges.
D.To show the job requires problem-solving skills.
答案 D
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
解析 推理判断题。第二段首句为主题句,指出很多工作需要解决问题和应对挑战的能
力,然后以教师职业为例作为观点的支撑。
6.What does the underlined word “tailored” in paragraph 2 mean?
A.Fixed.
B.Suitable.
C.Permanent.
D.Designed.
答案 B
解析 词句猜测题。根据画线词上下文可知,此处指教师可能基于预测和以往经验想出
一个合适的反应,tailored 意思是“合适的”。
7.What is crucial for flexible thinkers?
A.Following fixed rules.
B.Lying down and sleep.
C.Adjusting to new surroundings.
D.Being exposed to various dangers.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段“...which make it easier to adjust to new situations.”可知,
对于拥有弹性思维的人来说,通过调适周围环境来提高自己的变通能力是关键。
8.What can be inferred about flexible thinking from the text?
A.It can be trained by experiencing more.
B.It leads people to step into comfort zone.
C.It encourages people to perform the routine.
D.It emphasizes the risks of processing new ideas.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段陈述可推知,要想拥有弹性思维,可以通过锻炼大脑、更
多的体验、灵活调适环境等方式获取。
C
One of the most important products of the architectural spirit is the Craftsman home.It
emerged at the turn of the 20th century out of the American Craftsman movement.While late
19th-century Victorian homes showed off the advances of American manufacturing through
ostentatious(装饰豪华的) details and decoration,the American Craftsman movement
emphasized individualistic,hand-worked goods and buildings.It was a return to the beauty of
natural materials and forms,and an encouragement of personal talent.
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
Craftsman architecture became popular throughout the American Midwest and Southern
California,with architects like Myron Hunt,Henry and,most famously,Frank Lloyd Wright
headlining the movement and putting their own stamp on the style.
Although they may vary a bit by region,you can usually identify a Craftsman home from
the outside by its roof that extends past the home’s walls.Craftsman homes have plenty of
open space and windows to allow natural lighting,and are designed for easy construction,and
tend to have a small footprint of only one or two stories.The second story is often nestled
under the roof.Unlike the steeply pitched gables of Victorian homes,Craftsman homes have
less pronounced,softer pitches on their roofs.They may have large single dormers above
windows or even feature stained glass windows.Craftsman homes commonly use natural
building materials like wood,stucco,stone,or brick.
Craftsman homes are popular.They are fairly common,often architecturally
interesting,and provide a functional layout that appeals to many people.Many Craftsman
homes also have some historic appeal,especially if they’re well-maintained.If you’re looking
for a lot of living space and many bedrooms and bathrooms,a Craftsman home might not be
for you.But if you’re looking for a home that is simple,practical,and interesting,a Craftsman
home is worth checking out.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了20 世纪初出现的Craftsman house,强调人
与自然的和谐。
9.What did the American Craftsman movement focus on?
A.Personalized lifestyle.
B.Luxury interior decoration.
C.Harmony between human and nature.
D.Advanced technology in house building.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“While late 19th-century Victorian homes...an
encouragement of personal talent.”可知,19 世纪晚期的维多利亚式住宅通过奢华的细节和
装饰展示了美国制造业的进步,而美国工匠运动则强调个人主义、手工制作的商品和建
筑。这是对自然材料和形式之美的回归,也是对个人才能的鼓励。
10.Which is the characteristics of a Craftsman home?
A.Being easy to build.
B.Narrow living area.
C.Being open to the air.
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
D.Windows without lights.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Craftsman homes have plenty of...only one or two
stories.”可知,工匠之家有足够的开放空间和窗户,允许自然采光,设计便于施工,往往占地
面积小,只有一到两层。
11.Why are the Victorian homes mentioned twice in the text?
A.To give examples.
B.To explain a theory.
C.To present a concept.
D.To make comparisons.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“While late 19th-century Victorian
homes...emphasized individualistic,hand-worked goods and buildings.”和第三段中的
“Unlike the steeply pitched gables of Victorian homes,Craftsman homes have less
pronounced,softer pitches on their roofs.”可知,两次提及维多利亚式的建筑风格都是为了
对比,以解释说明新式工匠之家的建筑特色。
12.Who is the text intended for?
A.Scientists.
B.House buyers.
C.Architects.
D.Historians.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。最后一段中的“If you’re looking for a lot of...worth checking out.”可
知,如果你想要很大的生活空间和很多卧室和浴室,工匠之家可能不适合你。但如果你正
在寻找一个简单、实用、有趣的家,Craftsman 是值得一试的。本文目的是为了解释工
匠之家的建筑特色,为购房者提供帮助。
