高中英语读后续写增分词汇

01

单词具体化

在写作的过程中，我们可以将一些笼统的、概括性的、指向信息不明确的词语替换为清晰的具体的、画面感强的词汇，这样可以使叙述的内容更加准确，行文更加生动、形象。请看下面的例子：

Sentence 1: One night, a thief walked into his house.   

一天晚上，一个小偷走进了他家

Sentence 2: One night, a thief tiptoed into his house.  

一天晚上，一个小偷蹑手蹑脚地走进了他家。

Sentence 2中将“walked”改为“tiptoed(蹑手蹑脚地走)”，可以更准确地表现出小偷“鬼鬼祟祟"的动作特点。在选用词汇时一定要注意具体的情境,若将Sentence 1中的“walked”改为“staggered(蹒跚，摇摇晃晃地走)”，则无法表现出小偷的动作特征。

常用的模糊词变具体词的示例如下：

① murmur v. 轻声细语；轻声说

“Thank you,” she murmured as she left the room.

她离开房间时，轻声说了句“谢谢”。

② stammer v. 口吃；结结巴巴地说

“I d-don't know what you're talking about!” she stammered.“

我不，不知道你在说什么！”她结结巴巴地说。

③ utter v. 发出（某种）声音

She uttered a cry of pleasure/pain.

她高兴/痛苦地叫了一声。

④ whisper v.  低语；耳语

I couldn't hear what they were saying because they were whispering.

我听不到他们在说什么，因为他们在说悄悄话。

① growl v. （动物）低沉吼叫，咆哮；怒吼

“What do you want?” he growled.

“你想要什么？”他怒吼道。

② yell v.  （因愤怒、惊讶或为引人注意而）大叫，叫喊，吼叫

She yelled [=shouted] to her friend across the park.

她隔着运动场对朋友大喊。

③ exclaim v. 叫喊；大叫

“Here he comes!” someone exclaimed.

“他来了！”有人大叫道。

④ scream v. （因为疼痛、惊讶等）尖叫

She screamed when the door suddenly slammed shut.

门砰地关上，吓得她尖叫了一声。

① weep v. 哭泣；流泪

He wept bitter tears of disappointment.

他因失望而流下苦涩的泪水。

② sob v. 抽噎；鸣咽；啜泣

She could not stop sobbing.

她抽抽搭搭地哭个不停。

① pace v. （尤指因紧张而）来回踱步，走来走去

When she gets nervous she paces back and forth.

她紧张时会来来回回地踱步。

② wander v. 闲逛；游荡；徘徊

I was just wandering around the house.

我就在房子周围转了转。

③ stroll v. 漫步；散步；闲逛

They strolled along/down/across the street looking in the store windows.

他们一边沿街漫步/在街上漫步/漫步过街，一边朝商店的橱窗里看。

④ tiptoe v. 踮着脚走；蹑手蹑脚地走

He tiptoed quietly around the house to avoid waking the children.

他蹑手蹑脚地在房子里走动，以免吵醒孩子们。

⑤ stagger v. （使）蹒跚，摇摇晃晃地走

She staggered over to the sofa.

她踉踉跄跄地朝沙发走去。

① dash v. 急奔；急驰；猛冲

She dashed off [=left suddenly and quickly] without finishing her breakfast.

她还没吃完早餐便匆匆出发了。

② rush v. 快速移动；冲；奔

She rushed to close the window when she heard the rain.

听到下雨声，她赶紧去关窗户。

③ dart v. 猛冲；突进；飞奔

Her eyes darted from the door to the window. [=she looked suddenly and briefly at the door and then at the window]

她的眼睛扫视了一下门和窗户。

④ charge v. （朝某方向）冲去

People charged toward the stage.

人们冲向舞台

⑤ slip v. 悄悄溜进；偷偷溜走

Someone was able to slip through security.

有人得以躲过安保，偷偷地进出。

① glance v. 瞥一眼；扫视

She glanced up from her book when he entered the room.

他走进屋时，正在看书的她抬头看了一眼。

② glimpse v. 瞥见；看一眼

We glimpsed him through the window as his car sped past.

他的车飞驰而过，我们透过窗户瞥见了他。

③ glare v. 怒视

The teacher glared at him as he walked in late.

他迟到了，老师瞪了他一眼。

④ stare/gaze v. 盯着看；凝视；（长时间）注视

She was staring straight ahead. = Her eyes were staring straight ahead.

她凝视正前方。

She gazed intently/longingly into his eyes.

她目不转睛地/热切地注视着他的眼睛。

⑤ scan v. 仔细查看；仔细检查

He scanned the audience looking for his parents.

他在观众里仔细寻找他的父母。

⑥ notice v. 注意到；意识到

He noticed his friend sitting at the next table. = He noticed that his friend was sitting at the next table.

他注意到他的朋友就坐在邻桌。

⑦ spot v. 看到；认出；注意到

She spotted a deer in the woods.

她看到林中有一只鹿。

⑧ witness v. 目睹（某事发生）

Several people witnessed the accident.

好几个人目睹了这场事故。

⑨ peek v. 窥视；偷看

A little girl peeked around the corner of the chair at him.

一个小女孩躲在椅子角处偷看他。

① bite v. 咬

Some people bite their nails when they feel nervous.

有些人紧张时就咬指甲。

② chew v. 嚼；咀嚼；嚼碎

We were taught to chew our food thoroughly before swallowing.

我们被教导吃东西要完全嚼烂后再咽下去。

③ swallow v. （由于紧张等）做吞咽动作，咽口水

I swallowed before answering.

回答问题前我咽了一咽口水。

① smile v. 微笑

He smiled to himself [=he smiled or felt happy] as he looked at the photos.

他看着那些照片，开心地笑了。

② chuckle v. 轻声笑；暗笑

She chuckled at the memory of what he had said.

想到他所说的话，她轻轻地笑了起来。

③ giggle v. 紧张地咯咯笑；像孩子似的傻笑

We were all joking and giggling nervously as we waited for the ceremony to begin.

在等待仪式开始的时候，我们都在紧张地说着玩笑话，咯咯地傻笑。

④ grin v. 咧嘴笑；露齿笑；龇着牙笑

She continued to tease her brother, grinning wickedly.

她咧着嘴坏笑，继续戏弄她弟弟。

02

短语优先化

start/begin → get down to/set about

Let's get down to business. 

咱们开始干正事吧。

They set about (the task of) creating a new Web site.

他们开始着手创建新网站。

decide→make up one's mind

She finally made up her mind to pursue a career in medicine.

她终于下定决心从事医学事业。

remember→keep/bear in mind

Before you disregard his advice, keep/bear in mind [=remember] that he is regarded as one of the leading experts in this field.

你先别急着搁置他的建议，要知道他可是公认的该领域的权威专家之一。

cry→burst into tears

She burst into [=broke into] tears.

她突然大哭起来。

meet→come across

As I was walking through the town, I came across a group of street performers.

我在小镇穿行时偶然碰到一群街头艺人。

tired→worn out

Can we sit down? I'm worn out. 

我们能坐下吗？我都累坏了。

attract→appeal to

The movie appeals to adults as well as (to) children. [=adults and children like the movie]

这部电影不管是对大人还是对孩子都很有吸引力。

see→catch sight of

She caught sight of an eagle gliding through the air.

她看到一只鹰在空中翱翔。

know→be aware of

She is acutely/keenly aware of the problem.

她敏锐地意识到这个问题的存在。

own→be in possession of

The gang was caught in possession of stolen goods. 

这伙人被逮住，人赃俱获。

should→be supposed to

You're supposed to buy a ticket, but not many people do. 

按说应当买票，不过买的人不多。

come→drawnear

Spring is drawing near. [=approaching]

春天就要来临。

think→hold/take the view that

He takes the view [=he believes] that the economy will improve in the coming year.

他认为来年经济将会好转。

affect→have an effect on

The experience has had a bad/adverse/negative effect on him.

这次经历对他造成了不好的/负面的/消极的影响。

replace→take the place of

Televisions began to take the place of radios in most families' homes.

在大多数家庭里，电视开始取代收音机。

refuse→turn down

I asked her out , but she turned me down.

我约她出去，可是她婉拒了我。

because→due to 

Due to the bad weather, the game was canceled.

由于天气恶劣，比赛取消了。

03

词汇高级化

walk→cover

The hikers covered long distances every day.

这些徒步旅行者每天都走很长的路程。

buy→purchase

Souvenirs can be purchased at the gift shop. = You can purchase souvenirs at the gift shop.

在那家礼品店里可以买到纪念品。

have→possess

He dreams of someday possessing great wealth.

他梦想着有一天能拥有万贯家财。

give→offer/provide

If I may, I'd like to offer you a bit of advice

如果可以，我愿意给你一点建议。

The Web site provides information about local activities.

这个网站提供本地活动的信息。

chance→opportunity

You'll have an/the opportunity to ask questions after the presentation.

讲座结束之后你们有提问的机会。

choice→alternative/option

We decided to leave since our only other alternative was to wait in the rain.

我们决定离开，因为除此之外，我们就只能选择在雨中等待了。

I'll probably take the job, but I'm leaving/keeping my options open [=waiting to decide; not making a final decision yet] for now.

我很可能会接受那份工作，不过目前我还没有最终决定。

afraid→frightened/scared

I'm frightened of walking home alone in the dark. 

我害怕在黑夜单独走路回家。

He was scared that his mother wouldn't let him go to the movies with his friends.

他担心妈妈不让他和朋友们一起去看电影。

angry→annoyed/irritated

He was beginning to get very annoyed with me about my carelessness. 

因为我粗心大意，他已开始恼火了。

She was getting more and more irritated at his comments. 

她对他的评论越来越感到恼火。