1
Module 4 词汇篇
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
熟练掌握本模块基础的单词，短语，句子。
一、重点词汇
except
· 原文再现
But nobody was late, except me.
但除了我，没有别人迟到。
· 基本用法
except prep. 除…之外，可用于句首。
Everyone went to the movies except me.
除我以外，大家都去看了电影。
· 知识拓展--词义辨析：besides/except/except for
这三个介词或者短语都可以表示“除了…”的意思，区别如下：
1. except 仅表示“除了…”，排除在外。
She can do everything except cook.
除了做饭之外她什么都会。
2. besides 表示“除了…还有…”的意思，表示包含在内。
Besides milk and cheese, we need vegetables.
除了牛奶和干酪外，我们还需要蔬菜。
3. except for 表示“除了…”，except for 后接的词同句子中的整体词（主语）不是同类的，指从
整体中
除去一个细节，一个方面；而except 后接的词同整体词（主语）一般是同类，指在同类的整体
中除去
一个部分。
Except for one old lady, the bus was empty.
公共汽车上要不是坐了一位老太太就是空的。
close
· 原文再现
Her home is the closest to school, so she walks.
她家离学校最近，所以她走路。
· 基本用法
close adj. 紧密的，亲近的 be/get close to 意为：接近...
2
Don't get close to the burning building, or you'll get hurt.
不要靠近起火的大楼,否则你会受伤的。
close adv. 接近地 close to 意为：挨近...
Peter lives close to our school.
彼得住在学校附近。
journey
· 原文再现
How long does the journey take and what is the best way to travel?
旅程花费多长时间，最佳旅行方式是什么？
· 基本用法
1. journey n. 旅行；旅程
The journey was not as nice as we had expected.
旅途不像我们预想的那样好。
2. journey v. 旅行
He wished to journey round the world.
他希望周游世界。
· 知识拓展--词义辨析：journey/tour/travel/trip/voyage
1. journey 指从一地到另一地，通常指陆地上的远距离“旅行”，有时也可以表示经常走的或长或
短的“路程”。
I took a journey from Beijing to Shanghai last year.
我去年从北京到上海旅行。
2. voyage 主要指远距离的水上旅行，也可以指空中旅行，意思为“航海、航空、航行”等。
She usually gets seasick during the voyage.
她通常在海上会晕船。
3. trip 一般指时间短、距离近的“旅行、远足”，也可以指长途旅行。在非正式用语中可代替
journey。只作名词。
I will be on a trip to / journey to the south next summer holiday.
明年暑假我将去南方旅行。
4. tour 着重指旅行线路比较曲折，常表示“（周游各地的）参观、访问、（巡回）旅游、视察、
购物、
演出”等意思。可作动词和名词。
I will tour the world in the future.
将来我要环游世界。
5. travel 作“旅行、游历”解，一般表示从一地到另一地旅行这一总的概念。
At present, many people are fond of travel in their spare time.
现在，很多人喜欢空余时间去旅行。
book
· 原文再现
Book your ticket before you book your hotel.
在订旅馆前订票。
· 基本用法
1. book v. 预定（过去式: booked 过去分词: booked 现在分词: booking 第三人称单数: books）
I'll book you on a direct flight to London.
我将为你预订直飞伦敦的航班。
2. book n. 书，其复数形式为：books。
3
park
· 原文再现
Remember that parking in Amsterdam is very expensive…
记住在阿姆斯特丹停车收费是很贵的…
· 基本用法
1. park v. 停放（车）；泊（车）
（过去式：parked 过去分词：parked 现在分词：parking 第三人称单数：parks）
You are not allowed to park here.
此处不准停车。
2. park n. 公园
cost
· 原文再现
However, it will not cost as much as going by train.
然而，它的花费不如坐火车多。
· 基本用法
1. cost v. 花费 其主语一定是物或某种活动。
（过去式: cost 过去分词: cost 现在分词: costing 第三人称单数: costs）
How much do the vegetables cost?
这些蔬菜值多少钱？
2. cost n. 费用；成本；代价
We have to sum up the costs of production.
我们得计算一下生产成本。
· 知识拓展--词义辨析：spend/take/pay/cost
1. spend 的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：
(1) spend time/money on sth. 在……上花费时间(金钱)。
I spent two hours on this maths problem.
这道数学题花了我两个小时。
(2) spend time/money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。
They spent two years (in) building this bridge.
造这座桥花了他们两年时间。
2. cost 的主语是物或某种活动，常见用法如下：
(1) sth. costs (sb.) ＋money. 某物花了(某人)多少钱。
A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。
(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) ＋time. 某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。
Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.
他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。
3. take 常用于以下结构：It takes sb. ＋时间＋to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。
It took them three years to build this road.
他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。
4. pay 的基本用法是： pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买…
I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.
我每个月要付20 英磅的房租。
二、重点句型
What happened?
发生什么事了？
4
· 基本用法
happen 意为：发生，其用法如下：
1. sth happen 意为：某事发生
What might happen next?
接下来会发生什么？
2. sth happen to sb 意为：某人发生了某事
If anything happens to the machine, please let me know.
要是机器出了毛病，请告诉我。
3. happen to do sth 意为：碰巧做某事
We happened to discover we had a friend in common.
我们凑巧发现我们有一个共同的朋友。
It is the fastest and the second cheapest, but you may have to wait for hours
at the airport because of bad weather.
这是最快也是第二便宜的方式，但是由于糟糕的天气你可能会在机场等几个小时。
· 基本用法
本句中cheapest 为最高级，前有序数词修饰。“the+序数词+最高级”表示：第几大/长....
Tom is the third tallest student in the class.Who are the first and second tallest ones?
汤姆身高名列班级第三，第一第二是谁呢?
( ) 1. He had considered everything _________ the weather.
A.except
B. besides
C. but
D. or
( ) 2. The Yellow River is the _______ longest river in China.
A.two
B. first
C. second
D. Twos
( ) 3.The journey from London to Oxford ________ about an hour and a half.
A.costs
B. takes
C. pays
D. Spends
( ) 4. Lynn _______ two hours on her homework.
A.cost
B. take
C. spent
D. pay
( ) 5. - Tom , you looks upset ? ________
-I failed the English test.
A. Never mind.
B.what happens to you ?
C. What wrong?
D. What’s matter?
解析：
1. 本题考查except 与 besides， except for 的区别，except 仅表示“除了…”，排除在外。 根据
题意“他考虑了所有事情除了天气”，故选A.
2. 本题考查“the+序数词+最高级”表示：第几大/长.根据句意，根据句意“黄河是中国第二长河”，
故选C。
3. 本题考查It takes sb. ＋时间＋to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间， 句子结构。 故选B。
4. 本题考查spend time/money on sth. 在……上花费时间(金钱)，句子结构，故选C。
5. 本题根据对话背景，应该是汤姆看起来沮丧，问他发生了什么。故选B。
5
基础演练
一.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。
1.There was an________(事故)last night.
2.The hall is________(拥挤的)at noon in my school.
3.It is raining hard.Go home by________(出租车).
4.The skirts are the________(最便宜的)in Lily’s Clothes Store.
5.Her home is________(近的)to school,so she often walks to school.
6.It’s raining________(外面的).We have to stay at home.
7.The________(旅行)by train is very relaxing.
8.The ticket________(花费)my brother twenty yuan just now.
9.I have no________(选择)but to buy the shoes.
10.The man is very rich.________(然而),he doesn’t feel happy.
答案：1.accident 2.crowded 3.taxi 4.cheapest 5.close
6.outside 7.journey 8.cost 9.choice 10.However
巩固提高
一. 根据句意从方框中选出恰当的短语填空，有的需要变换形式。
by taxi, be careful, be late for, ride one’s bike, so many, far from
1. This morning I ________________ school because it rained heavily.
2. Don’t eat ________________ hamburgers. They are bad for your health.
3. You must ________________ when you go across the street.
4. My brother usually ________________ to school. He thinks it’s the most relaxing way.
5. The sun is ________________ the earth.
6. This morning Dad went to work ________________.
答案： 1. was late for 2. so many 3. be careful
4. rides his bike 5. far from 6. by taxi
二. 完成句子。
根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空词数不限。
1. 我认为开车旅行有点儿危险。
I think it’s ________________ to travel by car.
2. 卡尔也像我一样骑自行车上班。
Karl goes to work by bike too, ________________ me.
3. 骑自行车去学校时记得小心点儿。
Remember ________________ when you ride your bike to school.
4. 由于糟糕的天气我们不得不停止比赛。
We have to stop the match ________________ the bad weather.
5. 乘地铁去的花费不会像乘公共汽车一样多。
Going by underground won’t ________________ going by bus.
答案: 1. a bit dangerous 2. the same as 3. to be careful
4. because of 5. cost as much as
6
一. 单项选择。
1. —______do the twins go to Beijing?
—______bus.
A.How;By
B.What;Take
C.How;Take
D.What;By
2. Alice’s new house is close______Bill’s.
A.between
B.among
C.to
D.with
3. It takes me two weeks______reading the book.
A.finish
B.to finish
C.finishing
D.finished
4. The plane goes______London______Beijing in nine hours and a half.
A.in;to
B.on;to
C.to;from
D.from;to
5. Excuse me, I want to ________ two seats for the theatre for Saturday evening.
A. forget
B. pass
C. find
D. book
6. The sweater ________ me 500 yuan. I liked it very much.
A.used
B. paid
C. cost
D. Spent
7. —What’s the comfortable way to travel from your home town to Beijing?
—_________.
A. Three hours
B. Don’t worry
C. It’s the cheapest
D. By train
8. —_________?
—I can’t find my train ticket.
A. Why
B. What happened
C. What about you
D. How are you
9.—The girls are talking about the art festival_____. (2013 温州)
—Yes. They have so many fun things to share.
A. easily
B. angrily
C. sadly
D. happily
10. All the questions are easy ______ the last one .
A. or
B. beside
C. besides
D. except
答案：ACBDD CDBDD
二. 完形填空。
先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D 四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳
答案。
Now people like to travel all over the world if they are free. The fastest way of travelling is by 1 .
But plane tickets are very expensive. Travelling by train is 2 than by plane, but it is cheaper. Modern
trains have 3 seats and dining cars (餐车). They 4 the trip happier.
7
Some 5 like to travel by ship. There are large ships. Ships are not so 6 as trains or planes, but
travelling by ship is a(n) 7 way to spend a holiday.
Many people have a car. They like to travel by car. They can make 8 own timetable (自己的时间
表). They 9 travel to any place they like. They can stop if they want. That is 10
travelling by car is
popular.
( )1. A. coach B. train
C. underground
D. plane
( )2. A. hotter B. easier
C. slower
D. worse
( )3. A. noisy B. comfortable
C. strange
D. traditional
( )4. A. think
B. keep
C. make
D. find
( )5. A. teachers B. workers
C. students
D. people
( )6. A. fast B. good
C. clean
D. small
( )7. A. interesting B. bad
C. safe
D. difficult
( )8. A. his B. their
C. her
D. its
( )9. A. must B. can
C. should
D. need
( )10. A. when B. how
C. why
D. where
答案：1-5 DCBCD 6-10 AABBC
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一．根据句意及首字母提示写出句中所缺单词。
1. The house is near a very busy r________.
2. The bus was so c________, so we had to stand.
3. You can’t open the window from the o________.
4. There was little t________ yesterday morning. The cars ran quickly.
5. Nancy had to make a c________ between family and work.
答案：1. road 2. crowded 3. outside 4. traffic 5. choice
二．情景交际 。
根据对话内容从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全对话，其中有两项多余。
A: Hi, Du Lin. (1)___________
B: I am going to Hainan with my friends. But I’m not sure how to go there.
A: (2)___________ It is the fastest way.
B: You are right. But I think a plane trip is boring. (3)____________
A: Then you can take a coach. It is cheap, and you can see cities and countries through the windows.
B: A coach ride will be interesting. But you know, Hainan isn’t close to our city. (4)__________
A: Would you like to go by train? It is relaxing and comfortable. (5)_________ Maybe you’ll make some
friends.
B: That’s really a good idea. Thank you.
8
A. Shall we go on a trip to Hainan?
B. Where are you going for the summer holidays?
C. And the plane ticket is expensive.
D. It will take too much time.
E. You can walk and buy food and drinks on a train.
F. Why not take a plane?
G. I don’t know how much a bus ticket is.
答案：BFCDE
三．阅读理解。
A
I was in a strange (陌生的) town. I didn’t know anyone, and I could not speak a word of the language. On
the second day, I got on a bus. After riding for a few stops, I got off and walked on. I felt happy enough (足
够地) in the first three hours, then I decided to walk back to my hotel for lunch. After walking around for
half an hour, I thought I should ask the way. The problem was that I only knew the name of the street and I
pronounced it badly. I stopped to ask a newspaper seller. He gave me a piece of paper. I shook my head and
said the name of the street again. But he gave me another piece. I had to give him some money and went on
my way. Then I met a policeman and asked the way. He listened to me carefully. He said something and
pointed left and right and left again. I thanked him and began walking in the direction (方向) he pointed.
About an hour later, I found the houses became fewer and fewer. I came to the countryside! The only thing
for me to do was to find the nearest train station.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
( )1. The writer got on a bus ________ on the second day.
A. in the morning B. in the evening
C. after lunch
D. before dinner
( )2. The newspaper seller gave the writer ________ piece(s) of paper.
A. one
B. two
C. three
D. four
( )3. What was the writer’s problem?
A. He was poor.
B. He was busy.
C. He didn’t know the language.
D. He didn’t ask the right person.
( )4. In the end, the writer had to go back to his hotel ________.
A. by bike
B. by bus
C. by train
D. by subway
( )5. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. The writer arrived at his home.
B. The writer enjoyed the countryside life.
C. The writer got to his hotel with the policeman’s help.
D. The writer found he was farther away from his hotel.
B
Travelling is very interesting. Many people love travelling. There are many ways to travel: by plane, by
train, by ship or by car. Everyone has their favourite way.
Greg:
9
My favourite way of travelling is by car. I can bring my pet (宠物) dog along. I can travel three
hundred miles (英里) or only fifty miles a day. I can stop at a good restaurant to enjoy a good meal or at a
hotel to spend the night.
Eliza:
I love travelling by train best! It’s very exciting. I travelled most of Europe in 5 months by train. It’s
the best way to talk with the local (当地的) people and make new friends on the way. Trains make even the
longest trip enjoyable. The train ride to me is just like a big moving party.
I also like travelling by ship. It is a very great way to spend a holiday. I can go to parties and watch movies
on the ship, and enjoy the blue sky and water.
Danny:
Planes are my favourite. It’s the fastest way of travelling. I can quickly get to another country. Planes
have very comfortable seats. I can have something to drink and eat. I can also read some free magazines
and newspapers.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
( )6. How many ways of travelling are mentioned in the passage?
A. Three.
B. Four.
C. Five.
D. Six.
( )7. Greg loves travelling ________ best.
A. by ship
B. by car
C. by train
D. by plane
( )8. What does Eliza think of travelling by train?
A. Comfortable.
B. Slow.
C. Boring.
D. Exciting.
( )9. Danny likes travelling by plane because ________.
A. he likes planes very much
B. he can make new friends
C. it’s the fastest way
D. he likes the blue sky
( )10. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Greg hopes to bring his pet dog along when travelling.
B. Eliza thinks the car ride is just like a moving party.
C. Eliza travelled most of Europe by ship.
D. Danny often sleeps when travelling.
(2014 年八年级期中测试题）
C
Can we live without salt? No, salt is very important to
us,
we
need salt in our food. Animals need it, too. Most of the salt
in
our
country comes from the sea. People dig very big pools and
let
sea
water in .When the sun dries up the water, people can get
salt
from
the ground . The salt is white ,clean and beautiful.
There are a lot of salt wells（井）in Sichuan. A salt well is much like a water well. People
bring the well water up to the ground and then dry it in big jars over fire. In this way, they get
salt.
We can also get salt from salt mines(矿). A salt mine may be found under the ground. Some
10
years ago, people in Jiangxi found a big salt mine and soon opened it. People there don’t need
salt from other places any more.
In the northwest of our country, there are many salt lakes. Some of these lakes are very big.
The salt even in a big lake will be enough for our people for centuries.
11. We can’t live without salt ,so __________.
A. we need it B. it is the most important to us
C. animals need it , too D. there is salt in all our food
12. We get most of the salt from ________.
A. salt lakes B. salt wells C. sea water D. salt mines
13. Which statement is not true according to the passage?
A. People in Sichuan get salt from salt wells. B. Salt is white and clean
C. People in Jiangxi get salt from salt mines D. There are many salt lakes in Fujian.
14. The best title（题目）for this article is_________
A. Salt B. Why We Need Salt C. Salt Is Important D. We Need Salt
答案：ABCCD BBDCA BCDA
课程顾问签字： 教学主管签字：
