2026 年高考第一次模拟考试（上海卷）
英语
（考试时间：120 分钟 试卷满分：140 分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡
皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10 题, 每题1 分；第11-20 题，每题1.5 分；共25 分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each
conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken
only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper,
and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1．
A．Colleagues.
B．Mother and son.
C．Employer and employee.
D．Husband and wife.
【答案】B
【原文】W: John, don’t you remember your promise?
M: Yes, but this is not a game. It’s only a crossword puzzle that helps increase my vocabulary.
Q: What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
2．
A．The effects of the flood.
B．The fight against the flood.
C．The cause of the flood.
D．The ten floods of the year.
【答案】A
【原文】M: This has been the worst flood in the past 10 years, causing much damage and destruction.
W: No wonder fruits and vegetables are so expensive.
Q: What are they talking about?
3．
A．They were both busy doing their own work.
B．They waited for each other at different places.
C．They went to the street corner at different times.
D．The man went to the concert but the woman didn’t.
【答案】B
【原文】W: George, I expected to see you at the concert yesterday evening.
M: Oh, I waited for you at the corner of your street, but you didn’t appear.
Q: Why didn’t they meet that evening?
4．
A．At Mary Johnson’s.
B．At a painter’s studio.
C．In an exhibition hall.
D．Outside an art gallery.
【答案】D
【原文】M: Since it’s raining so hard, let’s go and see the new exhibits.
W: That’s a good idea. Mary Johnson is one of my favorite painters.
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?
5．
A．He saw the big tower on TV.
B．He has visited the TV tower once.
C．He has visited the TV tower twice.
D．He will visit the TV tower in June.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Did you visit the TV Tower when you had your vacation in Shanghai last summer?
M: I couldn’t make it last June. But I finally visited it two months later.
Q: What do we learn about the man?
6．
A．She is not interested in the article.
B．She has given the man too much trouble.
C．She likes to have a copy of the article.
D．She has difficulty reading the article.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Would you like a copy of Professor Smith’s article?
W: Thanks, if it’s not too much trouble.
Q: What does the woman imply?
7．
A．The man’s house is very dirty.
B．The man has to get rid of the old furniture.
C．The furniture is covered with lots of dust.D．The furniture the man bought is inexpensive.
【答案】D
【原文】W: You’ve already changed a house?
M: No. I bought some used furniture, dirt, cheap but nice.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
8．
A．New students are usually unfair.
B．The teacher lacks teaching experience.
C．She doesn’t agree with the man.
D．The man had better talk with the students.
【答案】C
【原文】M: I hear the students gave the new teacher an unfair evaluation.
W: It depends on which student you are talking about.
Q: What does the woman imply?
9．
A．He has found a very good job.
B．He doesn’t feel at ease in the firm.
C．He has been considered as a fool.
D．He doesn’t get on with the others.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Jerry, I hear you’ll be leaving at the end of this month. Is it true?
M: Yeah. I’ve been offered a better position from another company. I’d be a fool if I turned it down.
Q: Why is the man giving up his present job?
10．
A．A plane ticket.
B．A shopping experience.
C．An imaginary situation.
D．A vacation by the sea.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Jane, if you lost your money while taking a vacation overseas, what would you do?
W: Well, I guess I’d sell my watch or computer or find some work till I could afford a return ticket.
Q: What are the speakers talking about?
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked
several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer
conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the
four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage
11．A．The film is made up of world classics.
B．Mamma Mia has moved from the stage to the screen.
C．Mamma Mia tells Sufi’s search for her mother.
D．The story of Mamma Mia has a lot to do with the band.
12．A．In Sweden.
B．In Shanghai.
C．In London.
D．In America.
13．A．The mature cast.
B．The story with ABBA music.
C．The European Song Contest 1984 champion.
D．The Chinese version of Mamma of 2011.
【答案】11．B 12．C 13．A
【原文】
The ever so-beloved West End musical Mamma Mia has finally been taken from the stage to the screen. The film is
a musical based on the legendary Swedish pop band ABBA’S songs and it is the film adaptation of the musical of
the same name. Mamma Mia uses the music of ABBA to tell the story of Sophie Sheridan, a 21-year-old American
bride-to-be, trying to find out the identity of her real father so that he can give her away at the wedding. Since the
first performance of the musical in London in 1999, over 30 million people have seen Mamma Mia around the
world. Although the name of the musical is taken from ABBA’s 1975 chart-topper Mamma Mia, neither the
musical’s nor the film’s plot has anything to do with the story of the group itself. The band ABBA was the winner
of the 1974 Song Contest of Europe and following that success their songs topped the charts worldwide until the
early 1980s. The name ABBA is short for the first letters of the group member’s first names. Some people say
maybe it is the mature A-list cast that makes the film work so well. Pierce Brosnan, Colin Firth and Stellan
Skarsgard star as the three potential dads with the Oscar winner Meryl Streep starring as the mum of the bride-to-
be. In 2011, the Chinese version first appeared in Shanghai, becoming the first Chinese-language musical
adaptation to hit the market.Questions:
11. What can be learned about the film Mamma Mia from the passage?
12. Where was Mamma Mia first put on the stage?
13. What made the film so successful according to the passage?
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14．A．Leisure activities.
B．Popular TV stars.
C．Outdoor sports.
D．Family time.
15．A．Driving.
B．Gardening.
C．Eating out.
D．Surfing.
16．A．Going to the bars.
B．Playing online games.
C．Watching TV.
D．Reading novels.
【答案】14．A 15．C 16．B
【原文】
A recent survey of leisure time finds that many Americans work an average of 50 hours a week. With the time spent
eating, sleeping and taking care of the household duties, there’s little time left for leisure activities for many
Americans. However, having free time to relax and pursue hobbies is important. People need time away from the
pressures of study or work to relax and enjoy time with friends and family. In different countries free time is spent
in different ways. The results of the survey showed that reading was the most popular spare time activity in the U.S,
followed by watching TV. In a UK survey on leisure time activities, watching TV and videos was the most popular.
Listening to the radio came second. In a similar survey conducted in Japan, the most popular free time activity was
eating out. The second most popular activity was driving. There were also differences in the most popular outdoor
pursuits between the three countries. The most popular outdoor activity for Americans was gardening. In the UK, it
was going to the pub. In Japan, going to bars ranked eighth in popularity and gardening ranked ninth. Although
people around the world may enjoy doing similar things in their free time, there’s evidence to suggest that these
interests are changing. In the US, for example, the popularity of computer activities is increasing. Many more
people in the States are spending their free time surfing the web, emailing friends or playing games
online.Questions:
14. What is the recent survey about?
15. What is the most popular free-time activity in Japan?
16. What interest has been growing in America these years according to the passage?
Questions 17 through 20 are bused on the following conversation.
17．A．At a travel agency.
B．At a local restaurant.
C．At a hotel reception.
D．At an Australian airport.
18．A．Free wine is offered.
B．The price is reasonable.
C．She carries a lot of luggage.
D．She travels with her family.
19．A．One week.
B．Two weeks.
C．Four nights.
D．Five nights.
20．A．She can come back for Christmas.
B．She can drink the best wine of Australia.
C．She can choose the activities she likes.
D．She can book a holiday anywhere.
【答案】17．A 18．D 19．B 20．C
【原文】M: Good afternoon. Sorry to have kept you waiting. How can I help you?
W: Oh, no problem. I’m interested in booking a holiday to Australia and wonder if you could tell me what deals
you have.
M: Sure. Are you only looking for flights or a package holiday with everything included?
W: When you say “everything”, what do you mean?
M: Well, a package holiday would include your flights, hotels, meals, day trips to different places of interest and
transport to and from the airport.
W: Yeah, that sounds pretty good. I’m going with my family, so it would be nice to have everything taken care of.
M: So what sort of deals do you have for package holidays, then?
W: All sorts, really.
M: How long do you want to go for? And on what dates?
W: Two weeks around Christmas time would be great.
M: OK, let me check that for you. Here’s one, 14 nights in southeastern Australia, 5 nights in Sydney and 5 nights
in Melbourne. And then for the other 4 nights, you can choose from a list of trips to other places nearby. You could
visit Canberra, for example, or the Blue Mountains. Or you could go for a drive down the Great Ocean Road. Also,
if you’re interested in wine, you could go on a tour of the places where they grow grapes and make wine.
W: That sounds great. It’s good we can choose some activities ourselves.
Questions:
17. Where is the conversation taking place?
18. Why is the woman interested in the package holiday?
19. How long does the woman want to go for the holiday?
20. What can we learn about the holiday the woman chooses?
II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1 分；共20 分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other
blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The power of the pen
Numerous studies highlight the psychological benefits of writing. For example, researchers found that
participants who engaged in a six-week program of expressive writing improved their mental toughness.
In another study, researchers analyzed brain scans to see how writing about negative events affected the way
such events 21 (process) and handled. They concluded that expressive writing might be an effective tool
to address negative emotions and 22 writing about a past failure could improve learning.
Last year, brain researchers demonstrated that writing by hand 23 typing with a keyboard
promoted more complex brain connectivity, which was crucial for memory formation.
These findings suggest that the process of writing allows you 24 (clarify) thoughts and
“internalize” them, thus increasing the benefits.
To cultivate the habit of writing, try the two tips. Write to people you love.
When you write with your audience in mind, you relate to them. Most importantly, you share something precious
with loved ones. Think of how you felt the last time someone you cared about 25 (take) time to write
you a heartfelt message. You can even use this as an opportunity to save relationships that need 26 (heal)
or just to get an extra smile out of someone. Write appreciation notes at work.
When Doug Conant took over as CEO at Campbell’s, he transformed the company culture from unpleasant
to award-winning. “Most cultures don’t do a good job of celebrating contributions, so I made 27 a
practice to write thank-you notes to our employees.” Conant said, “Over 10 years, it amounted to more than 30,000
notes, 28 we had only 20,000 employees. Wherever I’d go in the world, you’d find my handwritten notes
29 (display) on employees’ bulletin boards(公告栏).”
In today’s digital world 30 most communication is electronic, writing heartfelt thank-you notes
enhances emotional intelligence and strengthens relationships. It makes your workplace or home better.
【答案】
21．were processed 22．that 23．instead of/rather than 24．to clarify 25．took 26．
healing/to be healed 27．it 28．though/although 29．displayed 30．where
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了写作的力量，包括写作对心理的益处、对大脑的影响，以及培养
写作习惯的方法。
21．考查时态和语态。句意：在另一项研究中，研究人员分析了脑部扫描，以了解写下负面事件如何影响
此类事件被处理和应对的方式。“such events”是定语从句的主语，与“process”是被动关系，即事件被处
理，根据上下文时态为一般过去时，故填 were processed。
22．考查宾语从句。句意：他们得出结论，表达性写作可能是处理负面情绪的有效工具，并且写下过去的
失败可以促进学习。前文“that”引导的第一个宾语从句是“expressive writing might be an effective tool to
address negative emotions”，第二个宾语从句，从句结构和句意完整，连接词为that。故填 that。
23．考查介词短语。句意：去年，大脑研究人员证明，手写而不是用键盘打字能促进更复杂的大脑连接，
这对记忆形成至关重要。这里是在对比手写和打字对大脑连接的不同作用，强调手写的优势，所以用
“instead of” 或 “rather than” 连接，故填 instead of/rather than。
24．考查不定式。句意：这些发现表明，写作的过程能让你理清思绪并将其 “内化”，从而增加益处。
“allow sb. to do sth.”允许某人做某事。故填 to clarify。
25．考查时态。句意：想想上次你在乎的人花时间给你写了一封真心的信时你是什么感受。the last time 引
导的时间状语从句，描述过去的动作，所以用一般过去时。故填 took。
26．考查非谓语动词。句意：你甚至可以利用这个机会来挽救需要修复的关系，或者只是让某人开心一下。
need 作实义动词时，且物做主语时，后面接动词的-ing 形式或不定式的被动形式，表示 “需要被……”。
故填 healing/to be healed。
27．考查形式宾语。句意：康纳特说：“大多数公司文化在表彰贡献方面做得不好，所以我把给员工写感
谢信作为一种惯例”“make it a practice to do sth.” 是固定结构，“it” 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的
“to write thank-you notes to our employees”。故填 it。
28．考查连词。句意：在 10 多年的时间里，（感谢信）总数超过了 3 万封，尽管我们只有 2 万名员工。
“though” 或 “although” 引导让步状语从句，表示 “尽管，虽然”，在这里连接两个有转折关系的句子。
故填 though/although。
29．考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我走到世界的哪里，你都会发现我手写的便条被展示在员工的公告栏上。
my handwritten notes 与display 为被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填 displayed。
30．考查定语从句。句意：在当今大多数交流都是电子形式的数字世界里，写衷心的感谢信能提高情商并
加强人际关系。修饰先行词 “digital world”，在从句中作地点状语，表示 “在这个数字世界里”。用关
系副词where。故填 where。
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.
Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．accents B．acquire C． boundaries D．fulfill E. guidelines F. liberally
G. precisely H. priority I. prospect J. schedule K. suspect
（新题材）Find Your Life’s Work
Everyone has their own life values. You wonder what your vocation is and where you could successfully
31 your potential? Here are some tips.
● Turn Passion into Profit
Do not 32 this statement: find something you like and you won’t have to work a day. There is no
better 33 than getting good money for your hobby. So, think about what you really like to do even for free.
Even if you only love to play online games and taste delicious food, you can go for cooking or tasting, game
development or go into e-sports, start a thematic blog—as you can see, there are a lot of options.
● Imagine an Ideal World
Another way to understand what is most important to you is to reflect on what an ideal world should look
like. Perhaps your purpose is 34 to bring the real world closer to this ideal image. Don’t limit yourself to
35 . Let go of fantasy and let yourself just dream. Write down any thoughts that come to mind. Pay attention to
all the details and 36 , and then think about how to translate them into reality.
● Recall Your Best Moments
To determine your top 37 , think about the moments in which you experienced the greatest joy. What
has given you the most satisfaction in the past? Take a little time and remember all the times when you were
sincerely glad. So, you will understand what your main 38 are at this stage of life.
● Create a Roadmap
You’ve identified your goals. Now, develop a detailed plan, like drawing a map from your current life to
your desired future. Find the best route from point A to point B ．Think about what skills you need to 39
and what daily habits are worth adding to your life. The more specific points you put on the map, the easier it will
be to 40 them and start moving towards your goal.
【答案】
31．D 32．K 33．I 34．G 35．C 36．A 37．H 38．E 39．B 40．J
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了如何找到自己毕生的事业，并给出了一些实用的建议。
31．考查动词。句意：你想知道你的职业是什么，以及你在哪里可以成功地发挥你的潜力？根据句意“发
挥潜力”可知，空格处应填动词fulfill 作谓语，意为“实现，发挥”，情态动词could 后跟动词原形。故选
D 项。
32．考查动词。句意：不要怀疑这句话：找到你喜欢的事情，你就一天都不用工作。根据句意“怀疑”可
知，空格处应填动词suspect 作谓语，在祈使句中用动词原形。故选K 项。
33．考查名词。句意：没有什么比从你的爱好中获得好报酬更好的前景了。根据句意“前景”可知，空格
处应填名词prospect 作主语，结合系词is 可知，主语是单数名词或者不可数名词。故选I 项。
34．考查副词。句意：也许你的目的就是正是把现实世界带得更接近这个理想形象。根据句意“正是”可
知，空格处应填副词precisely 修饰动词bring，作状语。故选G 项。
35．考查名词。句意：不要把自己限制在界限内。根据句意“界限”可知，空格处应填名词boundary，且
为可数名词，表“范围；界限”常用复数形式。故选C 项。
36．考查名词。句意：注意所有的细节和口音，然后想想如何把它们变成现实。根据句意“口音”以及后
文“translate them into reality”可知，用名词accent 作宾语，考虑到在此语境下，accent 在广义上也可以理解
为某种“特点”或“特色”，且下文中有复数代词them，故此处用复数形式更为贴切。故选A 项。
37．考查名词。句意：要确定你的首要任务，想想你经历最大快乐的时刻。根据句意“首要任务”可知，
空格处应填名词priority 作宾语，此处指你的首要任务，应用单数形式。故选H 项。
38．考查名词。句意：所以，你会明白在这个阶段的生活中你的主要准则是什么。根据句意“准则”可知，
空格处应填名词guideline 作从句主语，可数名词，结合系动词are 可知，主语复数名词。故选E 项。
39．考查动词。句意：想想你需要获得什么技能，以及什么日常习惯值得添加到你的生活中。根据句意
“获得”可知，空格处应填动词acquire，且need to do sth.为固定短语，用原形构成不定式作宾语。故选B
项。
40．考查动词。句意：你在地图上标注的点越具体，就越容易把它们列入日程并开始朝着你的目标前进。
根据句意“列入日程”可知，空格处应填动词schedule，用原形构成不定式短语。故选J 项。
III.Reading Comprehension (共45 分。 41-45 每题1 分；56-70 每题2 分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D.
Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context
（新情境）Ever wondered why you reach for a snack after hitting the gym? Research shows that physical
exercise often leads to 41 food consumption. With countless sports events 42 , a new question
arises: Can watching sports on a screen also influence how much we eat?
The answer is yes. Our research reveals that watching sports videos can increase candy consumption. But
there is more to the story: the 43 of the sports you are watching plays a crucial role in these effects.
We first invited 112 students to the lab to watch a video and test some candies. The students who saw the
sports video ate more candies than those who saw the one without physical activity. To learn more, we invited just
the female students to watch videos 44 either easy or difficult-to-perform sports. Students who watched the
easy sports video ate much more. We can thus conclude that the ease of the exercise shown 45 impacts
candy consumption.
To explain our findings, we looked at research on goal 46 . When people feel they are not meeting a
goal, they push harder; but once they see 47 , they tend to relax. For example, after a workout, those aiming
to stay fit might feel they have achieved advancement and then ease up on their efforts. This can lead to a 48
in the drive to pursue related goals, like healthy eating. Research shows that achieving smaller goals (like
exercising) can make people feel they have earned a(n) 49 , which results in overeating. So completing a
workout might make you more likely to 50 yourself with extra food than if you had not finished your
session.
So what is the 51 for us? Be mindful of how watching sports can affect our eating habits. If you
are aiming to stay on track with your diet, watch more 52 sports. Moreover, when setting dieting goals,
remind yourself that real progress comes from 53 effort, not just imagining yourself doing a workout.
Engage in activities that genuinely challenge you, and pair them with healthy eating habits. This way, you can
avoid the trap of feeling the fitness goal to be 54 accomplished and then overeating.
In conclusion, should you watch the Olympic Games if you want to 55 your diet? Of course, but it
might be better to choose the physical activities you find the most difficult to perform — and watch them without
moderation.
41．A．wasteful
B．increased
C．processed
D．healthy
42．A．airing
B．happening
C．celebrating
D．unfolding
43．A．category
B．length
C．difficulty
D．audience
44．A．testing
B．promoting
C．capturing
D．explaining
45．A．misleadingly
B．frequently
C．rarely
D．significantly
46．A．feasibility
B．motivation
C．visualization
D．clarity
47．A．hope
B．videos
C．treats
D．progress
48．A．delay
B．drop
C．doubt
D．confidence
49．A．break
B．honor
C．diet
D．title
50．A．sustain
B．prepare
C．cheat
D．reward
51．A．transition
B．stimulation
C．implication
D．intervention
52．A．instructive
B．relaxing
C．influential
D．challenging
53．A．consistent
B．prospective
C．ultimate
D．individual
54．A．overly
B．barely
C．prematurely
D．remarkably
55．A．put up with
B．keep up with
C．make up for
D．set up for
【答案】
41．B 42．A 43．C 44．C 45．D 46．B 47．D 48．B 49．A 50．D
51．C 52．D 53．A 54．C 55．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究发现，在屏幕上观看体育比赛会影响我们的食量，运动的
容易程度对我们的食量有显著影响。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，体育锻炼往往会导致食物摄入量增加。A. wasteful 浪费的；
B. increased 增加的；C. processed 经过加工的；D. healthy 健康的。根据上文“Ever wondered why you reach
for a snack after hitting the gym?”可知，我们在健身房锻炼后想要吃零食，由此可知，体育锻炼往往会导致
食物摄入量增加，所以想要吃零食。故选B 项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着无数体育赛事的播出，一个新的问题出现了：在屏幕上观看体育比赛
是否也会影响我们的食量？A. airing 播出；B. happening 发生；C. celebrating 庆祝；D. unfolding 展开。根据
下文“Can watching sports on a screen also influence how much we eat?”可知，下文讨论的是在屏幕上观看体
育比赛是否也会影响我们的食量，由此可知，句中指无数体育赛事在电视上播出。故选A 项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但事实不止如此：你正在观看的运动的难度在这些影响中起着至关重要的
作用。A. category 类别；B. length 长度；C. difficulty 难度；D. audience 观众。根据下文“Students who
watched the easy sports video ate much more.”可知，研究发现，观看简单体育视频的学生吃得更多，由此可
知，观看的运动的难度影响我们的食量。故选C 项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了了解更多信息，我们只邀请了女生观看拍摄简单或困难运动的视频。
A. testing 测试；B. promoting 提升；C. capturing 拍摄；D. explaining 解释。根据上文“the _____ of the
sports you are watching plays a crucial role in these effects.”可知，研究是为了确认观看的运动的难度是否会影
响我们的食量，由此可知，视频中拍摄了简单或困难的运动。故选C 项。
45．考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们可以得出结论，运动的容易程度对糖果的消耗有显著影响。A.
misleadingly 误导地；B. frequently 频繁地；C. rarely 很少地；D. significantly 显著地。根据上文“Students
who watched the easy sports video ate much more.”可知，观看简单体育视频的学生吃更多糖果，由此可知，
运动的容易程度对糖果的消耗有显著影响。故选D 项。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了解释我们的发现，我们看了关于目标动机的研究。A. feasibility 可行
性；B. motivation 动机；C. visualization 可视化；D. clarity 清晰。根据下文“When people feel they are not
meeting a goal, they push harder; but once they see _____, they tend to relax.”可知，当人们觉得自己没有达到目
标时，他们会更加努力；但一旦他们看到进步，他们往往会放松，也就是说，是否实现目标会影响我们的
心态，从而影响我们进食数量的动机，由此可知，这里是关于目标动机的研究。故选B 项。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当人们觉得自己没有达到目标时，他们会更加努力；但一旦他们看到进步，
他们往往会放松。A. hope 希望；B. videos 录像；C. treats 款待；D. progress 进步。根据下文“For example,
after a workout, those aiming to stay fit might feel they have achieved advancement and then ease up on their
efforts.”可知，锻炼后，人们可能会觉得自己取得了进步，然后放松了努力，由此可知，一旦人们看到进步，
往往会放松。故选D 项。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能会导致追求健康饮食等相关目标的动力的下降。A. delay 延迟；B.
drop 下降；C. doubt 疑惑；D. confidence 信心。根据上文“For example, after a workout, those aiming to stay
fit might feel they have achieved advancement and then ease up on their efforts.”可知，锻炼后，人们可能会觉得
自己取得了进步，然后放松了努力，由此可知，人们放松了努力，不再追求健康饮食，会导致追求健康饮
食等相关目标的动力的下降。故选B 项。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，实现较小的目标（如锻炼）会让人觉得自己得到了休息机会，
从而导致暴饮暴食。A. break 休息；B. honor 荣誉；C. diet 日常饮食；D. title 标题。根据句中“which
results in overeating”可知，暴饮暴食是因为人们觉得实现了一个小目标，可以休息一下了，所以不再追求
健康饮食，开始暴饮暴食。故选A 项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，比起没有完成锻炼，完成一项锻炼可能会让你更有可能用额外的食
物来奖励自己。A. sustain 维持；B. prepare 准备；C. cheat 欺骗；D. reward 奖励。根据上文“Research
shows that achieving smaller goals (like exercising) can make people feel they have earned a(n) _____, which
results in overeating.”可知，实现较小的目标会导致暴饮暴食，由此可知，完成一项锻炼后，你会用额外的
食物来奖励自己。故选D 项。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那么，这对我们来说可能的影响是什么？A. transition 转变；B. stimulation
激励；C. implication 可能的影响；D. intervention 干预。根据下文“Be mindful of how watching sports can
affect our eating habits.”可知，通过研究结果，我们要注意看运动会如何影响我们的饮食习惯，由此可知，
问句问的是这项研究发现会给我们带来什么影响。故选C 项。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你的目标是保持饮食正常，那就观看更具挑战性的运动。A.
instructive 有益的；B. relaxing 令人放松的；C. influential 有很大影响的；D. challenging 具有挑战性的。根
据上文“Students who watched the easy sports video ate much more.”可知，观看简单体育视频的学生吃得更
多，由此可知，如果你想保持饮食正常，就不要看简单的体育视频，要观看更具挑战性的运动。故选D 项。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，在设定节食目标时，提醒自己真正的进步来自持续的努力，而不
仅仅是想象自己在锻炼。A. consistent 持续的；B. prospective 潜在的；C. ultimate 最终的；D. individual 单
独的。根据句中“not just imagining yourself doing a workout”可知，我们不要想象自己在锻炼，由此可知，
真正的进步来自持续的努力，而不是有进步就放纵。故选A 项。
54．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这样，你就可以避免落入感觉健身目标过早实现，然后暴饮暴食的陷阱。
A. overly 过于；B. barely 仅仅，几乎没有；C. prematurely 过早地；D. remarkably 显著地。根据上文
“Engage in activities that genuinely challenge you, and pair them with healthy eating habits.”可知，参与真正挑
战你的活动能够避免落入感觉健身目标过早实现的陷阱。故选C 项。
55．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：总之，如果你想保持饮食习惯，你应该看奥运会吗？A. put up with 忍
受；B. keep up with 跟上，与……保持联系；C. make up for 弥补；D. set up for 为……设置。根据下文“Of
course, but it might be better to choose the physical activities you find the most difficult to perform — and watch
them without moderation.”可知，最好选择你觉得最难进行的体育活动，并适度观看，由此可知，句中指如
果你想保持饮食习惯，要看最难进行的体育活动，避免放松导致暴饮暴食。故选B 项。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according
to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
Dave McNee met Claudia Mandekic 14 years ago. When she told McNee how hard it could be to get
students excited about math, her favourite discipline, he made a surprising suggestion: “Why not throw in
something they enjoy, like sports?” The idea of mixing basketball and mathematics got its first shot in 2011, when
the now colleagues — who had launched a tutoring non-profit — were invited to run a summer-school program for
kids who’d failed Grade 9 math at Georges Secondary School.
When the students showed up for their first day, they weren’t exactly excited. Over the next few hours,
Mandekic and McNee gave the kids techniques to improve their shooting while also helping them calculate their
field-goal percentage — which, in turn, taught them about fractions and decimal (分数和小数) points. At the end
of the game, the winning team was determined based on which group had the highest total percentage and had done
the most efficient math. “When the bell rang, they were so fixated on collecting their data and figuring out which
team won that they didn’t leave,” says Mandekic. “I realized we might be onto something.”
The classes, later named BallMatics, soon spread to other schools. “I was terrible at math,” says Douglas,
who enrolled in a fast-track summer program. “But once I started BallMatics and realized the sport I loved was
directly tied to math, it made me a lot better at it. Every time I played basketball, I was thinking about math.”
Almost any math problem, McNee and Mandekic realized, can be taught on the court. Kids can learn how to
navigate an X-Y grid to find their next shooting spot or absorb the basic principles of trigonometry based on the
angle at which they release the ball. In 2019, McNec and Mandekic established a private high school called
Uchenna Academy. At the school, kids with top basketball skills can study all subjects, train at their sport and work
part-time helping out with the BallMatics afterschool programs.
Douglas, now 20 and earning a degree in education believes the school’s commitment to academics is the
key reason it’s been a winner. “If we didn’t do our work, we weren’t playing at the game,” he says, adding that
coaches would bench kids who didn’t keep up in class. “At Uchenna, we were student athletes, not athlete
students.”
56．The first two paragraphs are intended to tell the readers ______.
A．the origin of BallMatics
B．the challenges facing BallMatics
C．the start of a lifelong friendship
D．the dedication of the young teachers
57．What made Mandekic and McNee realize that they “might be onto something”?
A．The students’ progress in their mathematic skills.
B．The students’ changed attitude towards math.
C．The data collected about the students’ goal percentage.
D．The efficiency in determining the winning team.
58．What will happen to the kids who don’t do well in class according to Douglas?
A．They will be forbidden to leave any training session.
B．They will be obliged to earn a training degree first.
C．They will have to attend classes at a private school.
D．They will be banned from playing in the game.
59．The best title for the article is ______.
A．The Basics of Math
B．The Road to Success
C．A Sports Principle
D．A Numbers Game
【答案】56．A 57．B 58．D 59．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了Dave McNee 和Claudia Mandekic 将篮球和数学结合起来，创
立了BallMatics 课程，让学生在享受篮球的同时提高数学能力，并介绍了该课程的发展历程和影响。
56．推理判断题。根据第一段中“The idea of mixing basketball and mathematics got its first shot in 2011, when
the now colleagues — who had launched a tutoring non-profit — were invited to run a summer-school program for
kids who’d failed Grade 9 math at Georges Secondary School.(将篮球和数学相结合的想法在 2011 年首次得到
尝试，当时这两位如今的同事——他们已经创办了一个非营利性的辅导机构——受邀为在乔治中学九年级
数学不及格的孩子们举办一个暑期学校项目)”以及第二段中“When the students showed up for their first day,
they weren’t exactly excited. Over the next few hours, Mandekic and McNee gave the kids techniques to improve
their shooting while also helping them calculate their field-goal percentage — which, in turn, taught them about
fractions and decimal (分数和小数) points. At the end of the game, the winning team was determined based on
which group had the highest total percentage and had done the most efficient math.(当学生们第一天出现时，他
们并不兴奋。在接下来的几个小时里，Mandekic 和McNee 给孩子们传授了提高投篮水平的技巧，同时也
帮助他们计算了投篮命中率——这反过来又教会了他们分数和小数。游戏结束时，根据哪一组的总百分比
最高并做了最有效的数学计算来决定获胜的队伍)”可知，前两段主要介绍了BallMatics 课程的起源，它源
于2011 年Mandekic 和McNee 的一次暑期教学尝试。故选A 项。
57．细节理解题。根据第二段中“When the students showed up for their first day, they weren’t exactly excited.
(当学生们第一天来的时候，他们并不怎么兴奋)”和“‘When the bell rang, they were so fixated on collecting
their data and figuring out which team won that they didn’t leave,’ says Mandekic. ‘I realized we might be onto
something.’(‘当铃声响起时，他们全神贯注于收集数据和计算哪支球队获胜，以至于他们都没有离
开，’Mandekic 说。‘我意识到我们可能找到了某种方法。’)”可知，是学生们对数学态度的改变让
Mandekic 和McNee 意识到他们“可能找到了某种方法(might be onto something)”。故选B 项。
58．细节理解题。根据最后一段“‘If we didn’t do our work, we weren’t playing at the game,’ he says, adding
that coaches would bench kids who didn’t keep up in class.(‘如果我们不做作业，我们就不能参加比赛，’他说，
并补充说教练会让跟不上课堂的孩子坐冷板凳)”可知，根据Douglas 的说法，在课堂上表现不好的孩子将
被禁止参加比赛。故选D 项。
59．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“The idea of mixing basketball and mathematics got its first shot in
2011(将篮球和数学结合起来的想法在2011 年首次得到尝试)”以及后文关于BallMatics 课程的介绍可知，本
文主要讲述了Dave McNee 和Claudia Mandekic 将篮球和数学结合起来，让学生在享受篮球的同时提高数
学能力。D 项“A Numbers Game (数字比赛)”既体现了文章中的数学元素，又暗示了篮球比赛中的计分和
数据分析，与文章主题紧密相关，是最佳标题。故选D 项。
B
Chapter 1 What is critical thinking?
Learning outcomes
This chapter gives you opportunities to:
√ understand what critical thinking is
√ find out about the early roots and later developments of critical thinking
√ recognize some of the benefits associated with critical thinking skills
√ recognize the personal qualities connected to critical thinking
√ recognize barriers to the development of good critical thinking skills
√ assess your current understanding of critical thinking and identify your priorities for improvement
Introduction
This chapter provides a general introduction to critical thinking. It examines what is meant by “critical
thinking”, the skills associated with it, and the barriers that can slow down effective development of critical
approaches. Many people can find it difficult to order their thoughts in a logical, consistent and reasoned way. This
book starts from the idea that skills in reasoning can be developed through a better understanding of what critical
thinking involves, and by practice.
Critical thinking is a cognitive activity connected to using the mind. Learning to think in critically analytical
and evaluative ways means using mental processes such as attention (concentrating on specific details and
information), categorization (the process of organizing information into categories based on shared characteristics),
selection (selecting relevant information), and judgement (the ability to assess and form well- reasoned conclusions
or opinions based on available evidence). However, many people who have the potential to develop more effective
critical thinking can be prevented from doing so for a variety of reasons apart from a lack of ability. In particular,
personal and emotional, or “affective”, reasons can create barriers.
You are invited to consider, in this chapter, how far such barriers could be affecting your own thinking
abilities and how you will manage them.
60．According to the learning outcomes, which of the following topics is most likely to be included in Chapter 1?
A．Significant works in critical thinking
B．Teaching strategies for critical thinking
C．Critical thinking: individual or collective?
D．Critical thinking: Where does it come from?
61．What can a reader learn in this chapter?
A．How a mental process works and what role it plays in making logical reasoning.
B．What defines cognitive activity and how emotions can shape critical thinking skills.
C．Why individuals possess varying abilities to think critically and how to assess them.
D．What is critical thinking and how it can be developed through understanding and practice.
62．Which of the following examples best illustrates the mental process of categorization?
A．A student chooses articles that are related to his topic from a large database.
B．A student focuses on the main points the teacher emphasizes in a physics class.
C．A student sorts notes by grouping them according to different historical periods.
D．A student decides which arguments to include in his essay after weighing the evidence.
【答案】60．D 61．D 62．C
【导语】本文是一本书的节选。文章主要介绍了本章主题为批判性思维，以及在本章中可能会了解的内容。
60．推理判断题。根据文章“Learning outcomes”部分中的“find out about the early roots and later
developments of critical thinking (了解批判性思维的早期起源及后期发展)”可知，在本章中，读者将会了解
批判性思维的早期起源及后期发展。故选D。
61．细节理解题。根据文章“Introduction”部分中的“This chapter provides a general introduction to critical
thinking. (本章对批判性思维进行了总体介绍。)”以及“This book starts from the idea that skills in reasoning
can be developed through a better understanding of what critical thinking involves, and by practice. (本书基于这样
一个观点：通过更好地理解批判性思维所涉及的内容，并通过实践，可以培养推理能力。)”可知，读者可
以在本章中了解何为批判性思维以及通过实践培养批判性思维。故选D。
62．推理判断题。根据文章“Introduction”部分中的“Learning to think in critically analytical and evaluative
ways means using mental processes such as attention (concentrating on specific details and information),
categorization (the process of organizing information into categories based on shared characteristics), selection
(selecting relevant information), and judgement (the ability to assess and form well- reasoned conclusions or
opinions based on available evidence).(学会以批判分析和评估的方式进行思考，意味着运用诸如注意力（专
注于特定细节和信息）、分类（根据共同特征将信息组织成类别的过程）、选择（选择相关信息）和判断
（基于可用证据评估和形成合理结论或意见的能力）等心理过程。)”可知，分类是将信息或对象根据共同
特征或属性组织成类别的过程。这个过程涉及到识别信息的相似性和差异性，并将其分组以便于理解和处
理。选项C“A student sorts notes by grouping them according to different historical periods. (一个学生根据不同
的历史时期对笔记进行分类)”符合分类的定义。学生将笔记根据历史时期这一共同特征进行分组，以便于
理解和回顾。故选C。
C
（热点话题）In today’s data-driven world, the value of data has been likened to that of oil, but unlike oil,
data is not a finite resource — it grows continuously as new information is created. Businesses, particularly those
employing AI algorithms, rely on data more than ever to drive success. However, a challenge that has arisen is
ensuring the data used is reliable, objective, and ethically sourced. Concerns are mounting over the use of shady
data sources and “black-box” collection methods, where businesses are unsure of how the data was sourced, raising
ethical and legal issues.
Rachel Aldighieri of the Data and Marketing Association (DMA) stresses that ethical practices in data
collection are essential, especially as businesses increasingly use AI to automate decision-making processes.
Inappropriate data usage can lead to inaccurate AI models and prejudiced outcomes. Stephen Lester, CTO at
Paragon, echoes this sentiment, noting that companies should use open methods to collect data, ensuring
participants know how their data is being used and that they receive proper payment.
To follow data protection rules, businesses should balance their needs with individuals’ rights. This helps
ensure they have the right permissions to use collected data, building customer trust and reducing legal risks. They
should also consult resources like the DMA Code for guidance on ethical data practices.
However, obtaining reliable data isn’t always straightforward. Open-source datasets are available, but they
often lack quality controls and safeguards against bias. Synthetic data, generated by AI, offers an alternative,
allowing companies to train AI models without risking real individuals’ privacy. Although synthetic data isn’t
linked to real people, businesses must be cautious about potential inaccuracies. A notable tool in this space is MIT’s
Synthetic Data Vault, which helps generate synthetic data for a variety of enterprise use cases. Despite its
usefulness, there remain concerns about the accuracy of such data when used for critical AI training.
Chris Stephenson from Sagacity highlights the importance of training AI models with error-checking
mechanisms. He notes that while synthetic data can be useful, businesses must remain careful about how
algorithms are trained, paying close attention to the potential for mistakes or biases to slip through unnoticed.
As ethical concerns rise, businesses are expected to carefully review their data collection practices. They
should know where their data comes from, avoid unreliable sources, and ensure data used in AI models is accurate
and fair. Ultimately, organizations must be open and accountable in their data practices to remain trustworthy.
63．What does the phrase “echoes this sentiment” in paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A．Agrees with clear and ethical data practices.
B．Disapproves of the views on data collection.
C．Questions the use of open data collection methods.
D．Ignores the ethical concerns surrounding AI and data.
64．What can be learned from paragraphs 3 and 4?
A．There are tools to ensure data accuracy. B．Reliable data is extremely hard to obtain.
C．Ethical data practices lack clear definitions.
D．Synthetic data should generally be restricted.
65．Which of the following statements is Chris Stephenson most likely to agree with?
A．Error-checking tools are already mature for practical use.
B．Data protection rules should be prioritized over data accuracy.
C．Mistakes may remain undetected during the training of AI models.
D．Synthetic data is the best way to collect data for AI model training.
66．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Synthetic data solves most ethical concerns associated with AI.
B．Data collection practices in Al have limited ethical implications.
C．Ethical data collection and accuracy are essential for responsible AI usage.
D．Businesses should prioritize using as much data as possible for AI training.
【答案】63．A 64．B 65．C 66．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了在当今数据驱动的世界中，企业需确保数据收集的伦理性和
准确性以实现人工智能的负责任应用。
63．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Rachel Aldighieri of the Data and Marketing Association (DMA) stresses that
ethical practices in data collection are essential, especially as businesses increasingly use AI to automate decision-
making processes. Inappropriate data usage can lead to inaccurate AI models and prejudiced outcomes. Stephen
Lester, CTO at Paragon, echoes this sentiment, noting that companies should use open methods to collect data,
ensuring participants know how their data is being used and that they receive proper payment.(数据与营销协会
（DMA）的雷切尔·阿尔迪吉里强调，数据收集中的道德实践至关重要，尤其是在企业越来越多地使用人
工智能来自动化决策过程的情况下。不恰当的数据使用会导致人工智能模型不准确和结果带有偏见。
Paragon 公司的首席技术官斯蒂芬·莱斯特echoes this sentiment，他指出，公司应采用公开的方法来收集数
据，确保参与者知道他们的数据将如何被使用，并确保他们获得适当的报酬)”可知，斯蒂芬·莱斯特表达了
同雷切尔·阿尔迪吉里相同的看法，echoes this sentiment 意思是“同意清晰和道德的数据实践”。故选A。
64．推理判断题。根据第四段中“However, obtaining reliable data isn’t always straightforward. Open-source
datasets are available, but they often lack quality controls and safeguards against bias.(然而，获取可靠数据并不
总是那么简单。开源数据集虽然可用，但往往缺乏质量控制和防止偏见的保障措施)”可知，获取可靠数据
不简单，开源数据集有缺陷，表明可靠数据极难获得。故选B。
65．推理判断题。根据第五段“Chris Stephenson from Sagacity highlights the importance of training AI models
with error-checking mechanisms. He notes that while synthetic data can be useful, businesses must remain careful
about how algorithms are trained, paying close attention to the potential for mistakes or biases to slip through
unnoticed.(来自Sagacity 公司的克里斯·斯蒂芬森强调了使用错误检查机制训练人工智能模型的重要性。他
指出，虽然合成数据可能有用，但企业必须对算法的训练方式保持谨慎，密切关注错误或偏见可能悄然溜
过而未被察觉的潜在风险)”可知，克里斯·斯蒂芬森最可能同意的是在人工智能模型的训练过程中，错误可
能仍未被发现。故选C。
66．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段“As ethical concerns rise, businesses are expected to
carefully review their data collection practices. They should know where their data comes from, avoid unreliable
sources, and ensure data used in AI models is accurate and fair. Ultimately, organizations must be open and
accountable in their data practices to remain trustworthy.(随着伦理问题的日益突出，企业需要仔细审查其数据
收集实践。他们应该知道数据来自哪里，避免不可靠的来源，并确保人工智能模型中使用的数据准确公正。
最终，组织必须在数据实践中保持开放和负责，以保持可信度)”可知，文章主要讲述了在当今数据驱动的
世界中，企业需确保数据收集的伦理性和准确性以实现人工智能的负责任应用。故C 选项“Ethical data
collection and accuracy are essential for responsible Al usage.(道德数据收集和准确性对于负责任地使用人工智
能至关重要)”最符合文章主旨。故选C。
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used
once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
The power of placebo (安慰剂)
Have you ever taken a pill for a headache and felt instant relief even though there’s no way the medicine
could have taken effect so quickly? If so, you’ve personally experienced a medical phenomenon known as the
placebo effect. 67 In the above situation regarding your headache, the active ingredient (成分) couldn’t
have been responsible for your reduced pain. So why did the symptoms improve?
Scientists don’t completely understand the mechanisms behind the effect, but they have determined that an
individual’s conditioning and expectations likely play a major role. With your headache, for example, you expected
the painkiller to work because pills have relieved your headaches in the past. 68 In fact, the latter means
a placebo can still work even when someone knows it’s not real medicine! Other factors that can influence how
well a treatment works include being told it’s effective by a doctor, your doctor’s body language or tone of voice,
and the knowledge that you’ re taking action to solve the problem.
69 If you believe a drug will be ineffective at relieving your symptoms, for instance, it is less
likely to work. Even worse, if you expect to suffer side effects from your medication, you probably will. This puts
doctors in a tricky position — they’ re required by law to inform patients of risks, yet doing so could negatively
affect recovery. The best way to avoid this undesirable effect, according to some experts, is for doctors to phrase
dangers in the most encouraging way possible or ask people if they’ re willing to remain unaware of minor side
effects.
The power of the placebo effect opens up an exciting opportunity to explore new avenues. Though we may
not fully grasp how the placebo effects work, one thing is clear: our minds have an amazing ability to shape not
only our thoughts but also our physical health. 70
A．Unfortunately, our expectations can also work against us.
B．Believe it or not, there are limits to even the strongest placebo effect.
C．This effect occurs when a patient is given a treatment that is able to improve their symptoms even though it
lacks an active ingredient.
D．Additionally, you probably associate pills in general with recovering from illness.
E．If we can learn to make use of the power of positive thinking, perhaps one day we can even move beyond using
traditional drugs to treat minor symptoms!
F．And in routine medical practice, placebos are rarely used on purpose.
【答案】67．C 68．D 69．A 70．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了安慰剂效应及其影响因素，强调积极思考对身体健康的潜在
帮助。
67．上文“If so, you’ve personally experienced a medical phenomenon known as the placebo effect.(如果是这样，
你就亲自体验了一种被称为安慰剂效应的医疗现象。)”引出了安慰剂效应的概念，空处应承接上文详细解
释这种效应。C 选项“这种效应指的是，当患者接受一种治疗时，即使这种治疗不含有效成分，也能改善
他们的症状。”与上文形成递进关系，符合解释安慰剂效应的定义。故选C。
68．根据上文“With your headache, for example, you expected the painkiller to work because pills have relieved
your headaches in the past.(以头痛为例，你期望止痛药起效，因为之前药片已经缓解过你的头痛。)”以及下
文“In fact, the latter means a placebo can still work even when someone knows it’s not real medicine!(事实上，
后者意味着即使某人知道这不是真正的药物，安慰剂仍然可以起作用！)”可知，个体的条件反射与预期可
能影响安慰剂效应，空处承上启下，需要补充患者为何相信药片有效。D 选项“此外，你可能会将药片与
疾病康复联系在一起。”符合题意。故选D。
69．根据下文“If you believe a drug will be ineffective at relieving your symptoms, for instance, it is less likely
to work.Even worse, if you expect to suffer side effects from your medication, you probably will.(例如，如果你认
为某种药物对缓解你的症状无效，那么它的效果就更不可能显现。更糟糕的是，如果你预期会因为药物而
出现副作用，那么你很可能会确实出现这些副作用。)”可知，本段主要内容是关于这种效应的不利影响，
A 选项“不幸的是，我们的期望有时也可能会对我们产生不利影响。”与之前后呼应，符合题意。故选
A。
70．根据上文“Though we may not fully grasp how the placebo effects work, one thing is clear: our minds have
an amazing ability to shape not only our thoughts but also our physical health.(尽管我们可能无法完全理解安慰
剂效应的工作原理，但有一点是清楚的：我们的思想具有惊人的能力，不仅能塑造我们的想法，还能影响
我们的身体健康。)”可知，空处将进一步讨论安慰剂效应未来的利用，E 选项“如果我们能学会利用积极
思维的力量，或许有一天我们甚至能超越使用传统药物治疗轻微症状”恰恰承接了上文并展望未来。故选
E。
IV.Summary Writing (共10 分）
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more
than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD)
Most humans have some physical characteristics that they wish they could change, such as a facial feature or
extra fat. Many people can comfortably live with these characteristics, but for some, their negative body image
significantly affects their daily lives. The latter group are said to have body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). They find
some common aspects, including the face or stomach, impossible to accept.
People with BDD often try to alter these features by exercising, changing their hairstyle, using skin care
products or even getting plastic surgery. Or they may try to hide the features under clothing or makeup. They may
look at mirrors constantly or avoid them altogether. They may ask others for reassurance (安慰) that they look
OK but not believe that reassurance when it comes. People with BDD sometimes pick at their skin or constantly
comb (梳) their hair; at its worst, BDD can lead people to consider or attempt suicide.
BDD is often not diagnosed until 10 to 15 years after it develops, largely because it takes time for people to
realize their feelings are not normal. But early detection makes a significant difference in quality of life as it allows
people to take measures to prevent BDD from getting worse. The primary treatment for BDD is therapy, which
often involves teaching the patient to challenge negative thoughts as they come. Some doctors may also prescribe
antidepressants (开抗抑郁药). Plastic surgery is not effective at making people with BDD feel better. In fact, the
changes in appearance brought about by surgery often compound the problem.
If someone you know has BDD, assuring them that they look good will probably not help. Instead, listen
patiently and encourage them to seek treatment. And if you think you have BDD, consult a doctor or a trusted
friend. The earlier the problem is addressed, the better.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】BDD is a condition where people can’t accept their negative physical features. It can lead to extreme
behaviors and affect their life. However, BDD is hard to diagnose, but early detection and treatment is crucial,
involving therapy and medication, rather than plastic surgery. Therefore, anyone with BDD is advised to seek
treatment as early as possible. (56 words)
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，BDD 是一种人们无法接受自己负面身体特征的状态。它会导致
极端的行为，影响他们的生活。然而，BDD 很难诊断，但早期发现和治疗至关重要，包括治疗和药物治疗，
而不是整形手术。因此，建议任何患有BDD 的人尽早寻求治疗。
【详解】1.要点摘录
Many people can comfortably live with these characteristics, but for some, their negative body image
①
significantly affects their daily lives. The latter group are said to have body dysmorphic disorder (BDD).
People with BDD often try to alter these features by exercising, changing their hairstyle, using skin care products
②
or even getting plastic surgery. People with BDD sometimes pick at their skin or constantly comb (梳) their hair; at
its worst, BDD can lead people to consider or attempt suicide.
BDD is often not diagnosed until 10 to 15 years after it develops, largely because it takes time for people to
③
realize their feelings are not normal. But early detection makes a significant difference in quality of life as it allows
people to take measures to prevent BDD from getting worse.
And if you think you have BDD, consult a doctor or a trusted friend. The earlier the problem is addressed, the
④
better.
2.缜密构思 将第1 个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4 三个要点进行分说。
3.遣词造句
BDD is a condition where people can’t accept their negative physical features.
It can lead to extreme behaviors and affect their life.
However, BDD is hard to diagnose, but early detection and treatment is crucial, involving therapy and medication,
rather than plastic surgery.
Therefore, anyone with BDD is advised to seek treatment as early as possible.
【点睛】[高分句型1] BDD is a condition where people can’t accept their negative physical features.运用where
引导定语从句对原文第一段进行了概括。
[高分句型2] However, BDD is hard to diagnose, but early detection and treatment is crucial, involving therapy
and medication, rather than plastic surgery.用现在分词作状语对第三段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
V.Translation (共15 分。第1 小题和第2 小题,每题3 分;第3 题4 分;第4 题5 分。)
Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets
72．此时此刻，每个人的决定都很关键，因为时间已经不多了。(critical) (汉译英)
【答案】Right now, everybody’s decision is critical because of limited time.
【详解】考查形容词、固定短语。表示“此时此刻”用固定短语right now，作时间状语，所以句子时态用
一般现在时，句首单词，首字母大写。表示“每个人的决定”用everybody’s decision，作主语；系动词用
is。表示“关键的”用形容词critical，作表语。表示“因为”用固定短语because of。表示“时间”用
time，作because of 的宾语。表示“有限的”用limited，作前置定语，修饰名词time。故翻译为Right now,
everybody’s decision is critical because of limited time.
73．你觉得我们中学生有必要那么关注网红吗？(it) (汉译英)
【答案】Do you think it necessary for us middle school students to pay so much attention to online celebrities?
【详解】考查形式宾语，疑问句型和固定搭配。根据所给中文句子，本句是一般疑问句，描述客观状态，
用一般现在时，“你”作主语，译为“you”，“觉得”作谓语，用think，“我们中学生有必要那么关注网
红”需用it，此处可用“动词+it+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”，“有必要”用形容词necessary，“中学生”译
为“middle school students”，“关注”用固定搭配：pay attention to，“网红”译为“online celebrities”。故
译为：Do you think it necessary for us middle school students to pay so much attention to online celebrities?
74．请记住：面对困难和挑战，恒心和耐心可以帮助我们攻坚克难，走向成功。(overcome) (汉译英)
【答案】Please remember: In the face of difficulties and challenges, perseverance and patience can help us
overcome them and lead us to success.
【详解】考查祈使句，固定短语和动词。根据所给中文句子，“请记住”为祈使句句型，译为“Please
remember”，“面对”为固定搭配：in the face of，“困难和挑战”译为“difficulties and challenges”，“恒
心和耐心”作主语，译为“perseverance and patience”，“可以”用情态动词can，“帮助我们攻坚克难，
走向成功”用固定搭配：help sb. do sth.，“攻坚克难”根据题干要求，用动词overcome，“走向成功”，
用固定搭配：lead sb. to success。故译为：Please remember: In the face of difficulties and challenges,
perseverance and patience can help us overcome them and lead us to success.
75．他这几天在网上老是收到陌生人的红包。幸亏他没打开，才没有上当受骗。实际上都是陷阱啊！
(avoid) (汉译英)
【答案】These days he has been frequently informed of red envelopes from strangers online. But fortunately, he
didn’t click them and avoided being cheated. Actually they were all traps.
【详解】考查动词时态，副词和固定短语。本句由三句话组成，第一句中“老是”用副词frequently，“收
到”用动词inform，描述一直持续的事，用现在完成时，和主语他之间是被动关系，用被动语态，“陌生
人的红包”译为“red envelopes from strangers”，第二句中“幸亏”用副词fortunately，“打开”根据句意
是描述网上的事，用动词click 符合语境，“没有上当受骗”根据题干要求，用avoid，此处用固定搭配：
avoid doing sth.，描述已发生的事，用一般过去时，译为“he didn’t click them and avoided being cheated”，
第三句中“实际上”用副词actually，“都是陷阱啊”译为“they were all traps”。故译为：These days he has
been frequently informed of red envelopes from strangers online. But fortunately, he didn’t click them and avoided
being cheated. Actually they were all traps.
VI.Guided Writing (共25 分)
76．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in
Chinese.
假如你是高三学生李华，你校这学期邀请外教Tim 做系列的英语讲座，上周Tim 做了关于英语词汇学习的
讲座，同学们感觉很有收获。请你给Tim 写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表达感谢并说明原因；
2. 建议下周讲座的内容。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Tim,
I’m Li Hua, a senior three student. I’m writing to express my sincere gratitude for your wonderful lecture on
English vocabulary learning last week.
The reason why I’m so thankful is that your lecture was truly helpful. You provided us with practical and
effective methods for memorizing and understanding English words. Your explanations were clear and easy to
follow, which has greatly enhanced our confidence in vocabulary learning.
I hope that in next week’s lecture, you could focus on English grammar. Many of us struggle with
understanding and applying grammar rules correctly. I believe your guidance will make a big difference to our
English learning.
Thank you again for your efforts and contributions. Your lectures have been a great source of inspiration and
knowledge for us.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的感谢信。要求考生给外教Tim 写封信，感谢其上周所做的关于
英语词汇学习的讲座，并就下周讲座内容给出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
真诚的：sincere→ genuine
感激的：thankful→ grateful
有帮助的：be helpful→ be of help
提高：enhance→ improve
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m writing to express my sincere gratitude for your wonderful lecture on English vocabulary learning last
week.
拓展句：I’m writing to express my sincere gratitude for your wonderful lecture whose theme is English
vocabulary learning last week.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The reason why I’m so thankful is that your lecture was truly helpful.（运用了why 引
导的定语从句和that 引导的表语从句）
【高分句型2】Your explanations were clear and easy to follow, which has greatly enhanced our confidence in
vocabulary learning.（运用了which 引导的非限制性定语从句）
