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考点分类练(八) 词句猜测题(2)
(限时:25 分钟)
Passage 1
(2023 湖北武汉二模)
Do you ever hear a friend speak on a topic with the belief that “everyone” thinks the
same way?Do you often find yourself surrounded in a social media feed that is completely
tailored to you and your beliefs,reading along without the immediate realization?
A social media echo chamber(回音室) is when one experiences a tailored media
experience that leave out opposing viewpoints and differing voices.Social media sites like
Meta,Twitter,and YouTube connect groups of like-minded users together based on shared
content preferences.As a result,people see and take in information according to our
preexisting beliefs and opinions.Social media companies therefore rely on algorithms(算法)
to assess our interests and flood us with information that will keep our attention.The
algorithms focus on what we “like”,and “share” to keep feeding content that makes us
comfortable.
In order to truly get access to all information and to evaluate our media,we must give
ourselves the opportunity to step out of our comfort zone.While this becomes increasingly
challenging,there are things we can do.The first step is to beef up your media consumption
sources.Adding in a few media sources with differing opinions will allow you to at least
understand what people are saying outside of your echo chamber.Next,read each thing you
see with a critical eye.Make sure that each thing you accept as truth is truly
fact.Lastly,attempt to search out reliable new sources that are known for trying their best to
leave out false information.By accepting that our media buffet on social media is a product of
our present beliefs and opinions,we can work to make sure we are not simply stuck in a social
media echo chamber.
1.What is a result of the social media echo chamber?
A.People contact like-minded online users effectively.
B.People keep reading for more differing viewpoints.
C.People rely on algorithms to evaluate their interests.
D.People only get information confirming their beliefs.
2.What does “beef up” underlined in paragraph 3 mean?
A.Track. B.Improve.
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C.Provide.
D.Identify.
3.Which of the following can help us get out of the echo chamber?
A.Criticizing fake news on social media.
B.Exposing ourselves to opposing voices.
C.Researching primary sources of information.
D.Accepting our present beliefs and opinions.
4.What is the purpose of the text?
A.To call on people to use algorithms frequently.
B.To ask people not to take in information blindly.
C.To promote the use of various social media sites.
D.To inform people of new technology developments.
Passage 2
(2023 湖南邵阳二模)
Our planet Earth is full of life and has incredible biodiversity.Biological diversity or
biodiversity is the base of human existence and fundamental to its well-being.Species are the
building blocks of this life on Earth,and it is believed that the species that are at present
globally found have continuously evolved over 65 million years since the Last Mass
Extinction.However,the nature and extent of our planet’s biodiversity at all levels have not
been completely evaluated yet.Thus,the exact number of species found in the world remains
unknown.Over the years,with the advancement of scientific knowledge and the discovery of
more new species,it has been approximated that there are,at present,10 million to 14 million
species on Earth,of which 1.2 million species have been data-based.This means that still more
than 86% of the terrestrial(陆生的) and 91% of the marine species remain unknown.
Every year,taxonomists(分类学家)describe thousands of species,some of which are
completely new to science,while in some cases,the species and subspecies are closely
examined and determined whether they can be considered distinct species.
A study has revealed that over 99.9% of all species amounting to more than 5 billion
species that ever lived here,are believed to be extinct.At present,our planet houses millions of
species,among which 86% live on land,13% in the deep subsurface,and a mere 1% in the
oceans.However,biodiversity is not evenly distributed on Earth,and its number varies greatly
on different continents.
The undiscovered and misidentified species slow our ability to understand patterns and
changes in global biodiversity and the rate of species extinctions(灭绝).Even after several
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years of taxonomic studies,only 14% of terrestrial species and 9% of marine species have
been officially added to the central database.Necessarily,some species will become extinct
before researchers realize they ever existed.
5.What does the underlined word “marine” mean in paragraph 1?
A.Rare.
B.Oceanic.
C.Endangered.
D.Novel.
6.What do taxonomists usually do?
A.Examine distribution of species.
B.Compare species from subspecies.
C.Decide the situation of the species.
D.Describe diversity of new-found species.
7.Which of the following can describe the distribution of the Earth’s biodiversity?
A.Unequal.
B.Accumulative.
C.Average.
D.Maximum.
8.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A.The central database covers all species.
B.The rate of species extinctions is rather high.
C.Many undiscovered species have been extinct.
D.Humans know little about endangered species.
Passage 3
(2023 辽宁鞍山一模)
Humans are developing new places to live in.In the south of Silicon Valley sits the
Monterey Peninsula,where you’ll find a moveable community that’s being designed as a rest
region for the region’s tech elites(精英).
Walden Monterey was founded in 2016 by developer Nick Jekogian,who set out to turn
the 609-acre land into a coastal “agrihood” community,a growing trend among the tech elites
in which they avoid the idea of belonging to golf communities,unlike what the previous
generations have done,and instead enjoy agricultural neighborhoods that focus on
nature,farms,and outdoor living.
The property plans to build 22 homes in total,with the lots they sit costing about $1
million each(three lots have been sold,as of September 2018).After the sales are made,buyers
can work with a team of more than 20 architects assembled by Jekogian to then pay
additional millions each for home construction.
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A key step in the buying process involves potential buyers actually visiting the
land.Jekogian invites people to stay in “moveable rooms” or small moveable glass
houses,which allow them to experience what living on the land would actually be like.
But now,Walden Monterey will soon provide a new way to try out the land.The design
studio DFA,founded by Laith Sayigh,was approached by Walden Monterey to design a house
for potential buyers to stay each in while they think about purchase decisions.
The 3D-printed houses,named Galini Sleeping Pods,are 300 square feet in size,can be
moved anywhere,are powered by solar panels,wind turbines and Tesla batteries,and will cost
about $250,000 each.Sayigh told Business Insider that they’ re not just a future staple for the
Walden Monterey community,but that they represent the next generation of construction
technology.
9.What life do the tech elites like according to the text?
A.Getting close to nature.
B.Playing golf after work.
C.Living in a big house.
D.Having a house in Silicon Valley.
10.What’s the purpose of designing Galini Sleeping Pods?
A.To attract more people to visit the design studio DFA.
B.To give a rule for the future construction technology.
C.To call on architects to build more moveable communities.
D.To offer buyers chances to try living in a moveable house.
11.What does the underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refer to?
A.Solar panels.
B.The 3D-printed houses.
C.Tesla batteries.
D.The Walden Monterey Community.
12.What can we infer from the text?
A.The style of the houses depends on buyers’ own ideas.
B.Buyers should pay off the expense of the houses in one attempt.
C.The money spent on constructing the houses is more than the cost of the lots.
D.Buyers of the houses are forbidden to get involved in the process of constructing.
答案：
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考点分类练(八) 词句猜测题(2)
Passage 1
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。社交媒体回音室是指一个人体验量身定制的媒体体验,
将对立的观点和不同的声音排除在外。本文主要分析了社交媒体回音室产生的原因,并
就如何确保我们不会简单地被困在社交媒体的回音室里提出建议。
1.D 推理判断题。根据第二段的“As a result,people see and take in information
according to our preexisting beliefs and opinions.”可知,社交媒体回音室的结果是人们只能
得到证实他们信仰的信息。
2.B 词句猜测题。根据第三段画线短语后的句子“Adding in a few media sources with
differing opinions will allow you to at least understand what people are saying outside of
your echo chamber.”可推知,人们需要加强媒体消费来源,从而真正获得所有信息并评估
我们的媒体。故beef up 意为“加强;改进”。
3.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Adding in a few media sources with differing
opinions will allow you to at least understand what people are saying outside of your echo
chamber.”可知,让自己暴露在反对的声音中可以帮助我们走出社交媒体回音室。
4.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“In order to truly get access to all information
and to evaluate our media,we must give ourselves the opportunity to step out of our comfort
zone.”和最后一句“By accepting that our media buffet on social media is a product of our
present beliefs and opinions,we can work to make sure we are not simply stuck in a social
media echo chamber.”可知,作者希望通过本文呼吁人们不要盲目接收信息。
Passage 2
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地球上存在的生物多样性和物种的数
量。
5.B 词句猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“This means that still more than 86% of the
terrestrial and 91% of the marine species remain unknown.”中的“more than 86% of the
terrestrial”可知,画线词指与“陆生的”相对,即“海生的”,与B 项“oceanic”意思相同。
6.C 细节理解题。根据第二段的“while in some cases,the species and subspecies are
closely examined and determined whether they can be considered distinct species.”可知,分类
学家通常会确定物种的情况。
7.A 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“However,biodiversity is not evenly distributed
on Earth,and its number varies greatly on different continents.”可知,地球上的生物多样性的
分布是不均的,不同洲的生物种类的数量大为不同。
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8.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Necessarily,some species will become
extinct before researchers realize they ever existed.”可知,许多未被发现的物种已经灭绝。
Passage 3
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为科技精英设计的可移动的房子,它具有可
持续发展的特点,也满足这些科技精英接近自然的喜好。
9.A 细节理解题。根据第二段可知,科技精英中的一个日益增长的趋势是,他们与前几
代人不同,他们没有高尔夫社区的想法,而是拥抱以自然农场和户外生活为重点的农业社
区,因此可知,科技精英喜欢接近自然。
10.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The 3D-printed houses,named Galini Sleeping
Pods,are 300 square feet in size,can be moved anywhere,are powered by solar panels,wind
turbines and Tesla batteries,and will cost about $250,000 each.” 可知,设计Galini 睡眠舱的
目的是让买家有机会尝试住在活动房屋中。
11.B 词句猜测题。根据上文“The 3D-printed houses,named Galini Sleeping Pods,are
300 square feet in size,can be moved anywhere,are powered by solar panels,wind turbines
and Tesla batteries,and will cost about $250,000 each.”可知,下文画线句中的they 指代上文
提的“The 3D-printed houses”。
12.C 推理判断题。根据第三段的“The property plans to build 22 homes in total,with the
lots they sit costing about $1 million each (three lots have been sold,as of September 2018).”
和最后一段的“will cost about$ 250,000 each”可知,建造房屋所花的钱为$250,000
*22($5,500,000)超过了地皮的成本($1,000,000)。
词汇积累:
1.(Passage 1)leave out 删掉
2.(Passage 1)preference n.偏爱
3.(Passage 1)rely on 依靠
4.(Passage 1)get access to 获得
5.(Passage 1)at least 至少
6.(Passage 2)fundamental adj.根本的,必不可少的
7.(Passage 2)amount to 总计为
8.(Passage 2)distribute vt.使分布
9.(Passage 3)try out 尝试,试用
10.(Passage 3)staple adj.主要的
熟词生义:
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(Passage 3)power vt.给……提供能量
长难句分析:
1.(Passage 2)Every year,taxonomists describe thousands of species,some of which are
completely new to science,while in some cases,the species and subspecies are closely
examined and determined whether they can be considered distinct species.
分析:本句为并列复合句。while 为并列连词,表示对比,意为“而”;some of which are
completely new to science 为非限制性定语从句,whether they can be considered distinct
species 为whether 引导的宾语从句。
句意:每年,分类学家都要描述成千上万个物种,其中一些对科学来说是全新的,而在某些
情况下,物种和亚种要经过仔细检查,以确定它们是否可以被认为是不同的物种。
2.(Passage 3)Walden Monterey was founded in 2016 by developer Nick Jekogian,who set out
to turn the 609-acre land into a coastal “agrihood” community,a growing trend among the
tech elites in which they avoid the idea of belonging to golf communities,unlike what the
previous generations have done,and instead enjoy agricultural neighborhoods that focus on
nature,farms,and outdoor living.
分析:本句为复合句。who set out to turn the 609-acre land into a coastal “agrihood”
community 为who 引导的非限制性定语从句;in which they avoid the idea of belonging to
golf communities 为in which 引导的定语从句;what the previous generations have done 为
what 引导的宾语从句;that focus on nature,farms,and outdoor living 为that 引导的定语从句。
句意:Walden Monterey 由开发商Nick Jekogian 于2016 年创立,他打算将609 英亩的土地
变成一个沿海“农业”社区,这在科技精英中是一种日益增长的趋势,他们避免属于高尔
夫社区的想法,不像前几代人所做的那样,而是专注于享受自然、农场和户外生活的农业
社区。
