ARTICLE · 1138309
小学英语语法100期G93 · 直接引语与间接引语
发布时间：2026-10-08 09:10:23 最近访问：2026-10-08 09:10:23
| 本期目标1. 理解直接引语和间接引语的区别2. 掌握直接引语变间接引语的"三步走"规则3. 学会人称、时态、时间状语的相应变化4. 区分陈述句、疑问句、祈使句转述的不同方法 |
| 直接引语：原原本本引用别人说的话，用引号括起来。He said, "I am happy." 他说："我很高兴。"间接引语：用自己的话转述别人说的内容，不用引号。He said (that) he was happy. 他说他（当时）很高兴。从直接引语变成间接引语，需要注意三个变化：人称变化、时态后退、时间/地点词变化。 |
| 步骤 | 变化什么 | 规则 | 示例 |
| 第一步 | 人称 | I → he/she；we → theymy → his/her；our → their | "I like my school." → He said he liked his school. |
| 第二步 | 时态 | 主句过去时 → 从句时态后退 | "I am happy." → He said he was happy. |
| 第三步 | 时间/地点词 | now → then; here → theretoday → that day 等 | "I'll come tomorrow." → He said he would come the next day. |
| 直接引语（原话） | 间接引语（转述） |
| 一般现在时 | 一般过去时 |
| 一般过去时 | 过去完成时 |
| 现在完成时 | 过去完成时 |
| 现在进行时 | 过去进行时 |
| 一般将来时 | 过去将来时 |
| 情态动词 can/may/must | could/might/had to |
| 直接引语 | 间接引语 |
| now | then |
| today | that day |
| tomorrow | the next day / the following day |
| yesterday | the day before |
| next week | the next week |
| last year | the year before |
| here | there |
| this | that |
| 核心变化：疑问语序 → 陈述语序 + 句号代替问号 |
| 类型 | 直接引语 | 间接引语 | 变化要点 |
| 一般疑问句 | "Are you happy?" | He asked if/whether I was happy. | 加 if/whether，变陈述语序 |
| 特殊疑问句 | "Where do you live?" | He asked where I lived. | 保留 wh- 词，变陈述语序 |
| 疑问句转化的三个关键点1. say 改成 ask（引述动词变了）2. 疑问语序 → 陈述语序（最重要！）3. 问号 改成 句号（不再是问句了） |
| 类型 | 直接引语 | 间接引语 | 公式 |
| 肯定 | "Open the door." | He told me to open the door. | tell + sb + to do |
| 否定 | "Don't be late." | He told me not to be late. | tell + sb + not to do |
| 祈使句转化规律动词原形 → to do（不定式）Don't → not to（不定式的否定）said to sb → told/asked sb |
| 直接引语 | 间接引语 |
| "I am reading a book." | She said (that) she was reading a book. |
| "I will come tomorrow." | He said (that) he would come the next day. |
| "I saw the movie yesterday." | She said (that) she had seen the movie the day before. |
| "Have you finished homework?" | He asked if/whether I had finished homework. |
| "Where did you go?" | She asked where I had gone. |
| "Don't run in the hall!" | The teacher told us not to run in the hall. |
| 以下情况，即使主句是过去时，从句时态也不变：1. 客观真理："The earth moves around the sun." → He said the earth moves around the sun.2. 主句是一般现在时：She says, "I am happy." → She says she is happy.（不后退）3. 直接引语是过去完成时或虚拟语气：不变，因为没有更后的时态了 |
| 直接变间接口诀去掉引号加 that，人称时态要变化。现在改过去，将来改过将，now 变 then，here 变 there，疑问语序改陈述，祈使变成 to do / not to！ |
| 题号 | 直接引语 | 正确的间接引语？ |
| 1 | He said, "I am hungry." | A. He said I was hungry.B. He said he was hungry.C. He said he is hungry. |
| 2 | "Do you like music?" she asked. | A. She asked if I liked music.B. She asked did I like music.C. She asked I liked music. |
| 3 | "I will call you tomorrow," Tom said. | A. Tom said he would call me the next day.B. Tom said he will call me tomorrow.C. Tom said he would call me tomorrow. |
| 4 | "Where does she live?" he asked. | A. He asked where she lived.B. He asked where did she live.C. He asked where does she live. |
| 5 | "Don't be noisy!" the teacher said. | A. The teacher said to not be noisy.B. The teacher told us not to be noisy.C. The teacher told us don't be noisy. |
| 6. "I am doing my homework," Lucy said.7. "Have you seen the movie?" he asked.8. "Can you help me?" she asked.9. "I finished the work yesterday," Jack said.10. "Come here, Tom," Mother said. |
| 11. He said that he is a student. (said说明主句过去时)12. She asked me where did I go.13. He said me he was tired.14. The teacher told the students don't talk.15. She asked if had I finished my homework. |
| 第一关：选择1. B — I → he（人称变化），am → was（时态后退）。A 改成了 I（错误，应该是 he）。C 没有时态后退。2. A — 一般疑问句加 if/whether，变陈述语序 if I liked。B 有 did 是疑问语序，C 没有引导词。3. A — will → would（时态），call you → call me（人称），tomorrow → the next day（时间词）。4. A — 特殊疑问句保留 where，变陈述语序 where she lived。B 的 did 是疑问语序。5. B — 祈使句：tell sb not to be。A 的 to not 语序错误，C 保留了 don't。 |
| 第二关：改为间接引语6. Lucy said (that) she was doing her homework.（I → she, am → was）7. He asked if I had seen the movie.（have seen → had seen，人称 you → I）8. She asked if/whether I could help her.（can → could，you → I）9. Jack said (that) he had finished the work the day before.（finished → had finished，yesterday → the day before）10. Mother told Tom to go there.（come here → go there，祈使句变 to do） |
| 第三关：改错11. He said that he was a student. — 主句 said 是过去时，从句 is 要改为 was。12. She asked me where I went. — 间接引语用陈述语序，删除 did。13. He told me he was tired. — say 不能直接跟 sb，改成 told/said to。14. The teacher told the students not to talk. — 祈使句变 tell sb not to do，不能用 don't。15. She asked if I had finished my homework. — 陈述语序，主语 I 放 had 前面。 |
| 本期核心总结三步走：人称变化 + 时态后退 + 时间/地点词变化疑问句：加 if/whether，变陈述语序祈使句：用 tell sb to do / not to do下期预告：G94 虚拟语气（上） |
| 小学英语语法100期 · G93 · 直接引语与间接引语 | 从句系列 |