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暑假作业 08 高二英语阅读理解 20 篇（解析版）
Passage 1
（22-23高二下·广东广州·期末）Having a quality first aid kit allows you to treat minor injuries, prevent
infections, and even increase the chances of keeping an accident victim alive until proper medical help arrives. We
tested dozens of the top-rated first aid kits in lab. Based on our testing, here are the best ones available
online.Adventure Medical Kit
Recommended uses: Picnics
Item Feature:
Kit measures approximately 6x8.5x3 inches. It provides critical information on wound care,stabilizing sprains,
and medications for children. It contains a wide range of medications to treat pain, and common allergies (过敏),
packed in nylon outer bag with a waterproof inner plastic storage bags.
Protect Life Kit
Recommended uses: Traveling
Item Feature:
Designed by doctors and EM’Ts & CPR instructors, the first aid medical kit is packed full of first aid
supplies. It is packed in a hardshell case with lightweight. The bag can be refilled, so it is an ideal mini first aid kit
for businesses.
Disaster Zone Kit
Recommended uses: Emergencies
Item Feature:
The pack is designed for first responders in disaster zones, with all emergency necessities.Whatever
adventures you engage in, take our tactical first aid kit. Should you have any issues without first aid kit, contact us
immediately and our medical team will be in touch.Outdoor
Emergency Kit
Recommended uses: Emergencies
Item Feature:
Designed by survivalists, it contains essential first aid supplies and survival tools required for emergencies.
Weighing only 2 pounds, the waterproof kit is a must-have for your adventures. It is stuffed with blanket, flashlight,
multi-function bracelet (compass, whistle), knife, two 12-hour glow sticks and emergency raincoats.
1．What is the purpose of the text?
A．To introduce the best first aid kits. B．To ask the readers to buy first aid kits.
C．To advocate the importance of first aid. D．To inform the readers of online first aid.
2．Which kit promises medical team support?
A．Adventure Medical Kit. B．Protect Life Kit.
C．Disaster Zone Kit. D．Outdoor Emergency Kit.公众号：黑洞视角
3．What do Adventure Medical Kit and Outdoor Emergency Kit have in common?
A．They are light-weighted.
B．They are water-resistant.
C．They are intended for children.
D．They are designed by rescuers.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了一些最好的急救箱。
1．推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“We tested dozens of the top-rated first aid kits in lab. Based
on our testing, here are the best ones available online.(我们在实验室里测试了几十个最好用的急救箱。根据我
们的测试，这里是网上最好的)”可知，文章主要介绍了经过测试最好的急救箱，故本文目的是介绍一些最
好的急救箱，故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据Disaster Zone Kit部分中“Should you have any issues without first aid kit, contact us
immediately and our medical team will be in touch.(如果您在没有急救箱的情况下遇到任何问题，请立即与我
们联系，我们的医疗团队将与您联系)”可知，灾难急救箱有医疗团队支持，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据Adventure Medical Kit部分中“It contains a wide range of medications to treat pain, and
common allergies (过敏), packed in nylon outer bag with a waterproof inner plastic storage bags.(它包含了广泛的
药物治疗疼痛，和常见的过敏，包装在尼龙外袋与防水内塑料储存袋)”和Outdoor Emergency Kit部分中
“Weighing only 2 pounds, the waterproof kit is a must-have for your adventures.(这款防水装备只有2磅重，是
你冒险的必备装备)”可知，两款急救箱的共同点是防水，故选B。
Passage 2
（22-23 高二上·广西柳州·期末）J. K. Rowling frequently shows there is magic every day. Her Harry
Potter series has helped people through times of stress and depression and she is always there to deliver wise words
of encouragement.
She is one celebrity who is very active on Twitter. So when a single dad named Matt Burke sent her a
message thanking her for the series, she noticed. Her series had helped strengthen his relationship with his 9yearold
daughter Bailey.
He included a link to his article titled Being a Broke Parent. He explained how he hadn’t found a level of
financial stability that allowed him to pay bills on time and take his daughter on more activities and events. The
family also doesn’t have the Internet or TV, which means there’s no “digital babysitter” and he has to rely on his
own creative ways to bond with his daughter. Since he received the series, the main thing that has occupied them
these days is reading books together.
Burke admits that he thought he was “too cool” for the books when they first came out and he was in his
twenties, but he’s loving reading them now. “We switch off chapter by chapter reading them out loud，“Burke
explains.” This not only allows her to get more used to reading aloud in front of someone, but it gets me directly
involved in something she loves, and it gives me the chance to be very dramatic when I read my chapters and bring
myself into the characters in the book, which has proven to be a ton of fun.”公众号：黑洞视角
After hearing Burke’s story, Rowling said how honored she was when Harry Potter was a part of his family’s
life and offered Burke more books. Besides, people are also offering to send Burke more books as gifts. For Burke,
this experience, far more than gifts, will be what he treasures.
4．Why did Burke thank J. K. Rowling according to the text?
A．She guided him how to write a good story.
B．She encouraged him when he was in trouble.
C．Her books helped him through times of confusion.
D．Her books helped him improve his bond with his daughter.
5．What is implied in Burke’s words in paragraph 4?
A．He has found it interesting to read the series. B．He was too old to understand the series better.
C．He has chosen a better way of reading the series. D．He hopes to play a role in the drama in the future.
6．Which word can best describe Burke’s experience according to the text?
A．Useless. B．Normal. C．Valuable. D．Boring.
7．What is the main idea of this text?
A．J. K. Rowling chooses to help improve kids’ health.
B．J. K. Rowling gives a magical gift to a single father.
C．J. K. Rowling has a deep influence on others’ growth.
D．Burke comes to know J. K. Rowling through her series.
【答案】4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。J.K. Rowling的书帮助一个单身父亲改善他和女儿的关系，他在Twitter上给
J.K .Rowling留言表示感谢。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Her series had helped strengthen his relationship with his 9-year-old daughter
Bailey. (她的系列帮助他加强了与9岁女儿Bailey的关系。)”可知，Burke感谢J.K. Rowling是因为她的书帮
助他改善了和女儿的关系。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据第四段“Burke admits that he thought he was “too cool” for the books when they first
came out and he was in his twenties, but he’s loving reading them now. (Burke承认，当这些书刚出版并且当时
他才20多岁时，他觉得自己‘太酷了’，不适合读这些书，但他现在很喜欢读。)”和“This not only allows
her to get more used to reading aloud in front of someone, but it gets me directly involved in something she loves,
and it gives me the chance to be very dramatic when I read my chapters and bring myself into the characters in the
book, which has proven to be a ton of fun. (这不仅让她更习惯于在别人面前大声朗读，而且让我直接参与到
她喜欢的事情中，让我有机会在阅读我的章节并融入书中的角色时表现得非常戏剧化，这已经被证明是一
件非常有趣的事。)”可知，他现在很喜欢读这些书，这不仅可以让他参与到女儿喜欢的事情中，也让他能
够融入书中的角色，他认为这很有趣。由此可推测出，他现在觉得读这些书很有趣。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段“For Burke, this experience, far more than gifts, will be what he treasures. (对
Burke来说，这段经历将是他所珍视的东西，而不仅仅是礼物。)”可知，对于Burke来说，这样的经历将会
是他一生都会珍视的东西，由此可推测出，这段经历将是很宝贵的。故选C。公众号：黑洞视角
7．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“J.K. Rowling frequently shows there is magic every day. Her
Harry Potter series has helped people through times of stress and depression and she is always there to deliver wise
words of encouragement. (J.K. Rowling经常表现出每天都有魔法。她的《哈利·波特》系列帮助人们度过了
压力和抑郁的时期，她总是在那里发表明智的鼓励话语。)”和第二段中的“So when a single dad named Matt
Burke sent her a message thanking her for the series, she noticed. Her series had helped strengthen his relationship
with his 9-year-old daughter Bailey. (因此，当一位名叫Matt Burke的单身父亲给她发信息感谢她的这个系列
时，她注意到了这一点。她的系列帮助他加强了与9岁女儿Bailey的关系。)”结合本文主要讲述了J.K.
Rowling的书帮助一个单身父亲改善他和女儿的关系，是很有魔力的一份礼物。故B项“J. K. Rowling给
了一名单身父亲一份神奇的礼物”符合题意。故选B。
Passage 3
（22-23高二上·陕西宝鸡·期末）Blind people have long desired for brightness, but scientists don’t have
the technology. To bring that one step closer to reality, Zhiyong Fan, a materials scientist of the Hong Kong
University of Science and Technology, developed a new artificial eye recently. The device, which is about as
sensitive to light and has sharper vision and a faster reaction time than a real eyeball, may outperform human eyes.
The human eye owes its wide field of view and clear eyesight to the retina (视网膜) — an area at the back of
the eyeball covered in light-detecting cells. The design for a new artificial eye is based on the structure of the
human eye and uses a friendly light-sensitive material. At the back of the eyeball, an artificial retina is lined with
Nan scale light sensors (纳米级光感器). Those sensors measure light that passes through the lens (晶状体) at the
front of the eye. Wires attached to the back of the retina send signals from those sensors to the processor, similar to
the way nerve networks connect the eyeball to the brain.
“In the future, we can use this to replace damaged human eyes,” says the lead designer. In theory, this
artificial eye could see more clearly than the human eye, because the artificial retina contains about 460 million
light sensors per square centimeter while a real retina has about 10 million light-detecting cells per square
centimeter. Besides, the artificial eyeball records changes in lighting faster than human eyes can — within about 30
to 40 milliseconds, rather than 40 to 150 milliseconds. Although its 100-degree field of view isn’t as broad as
the150 degrees a human eye can take in, the device can see as well as the human eye in poor light.
Hongrui Jiang, an electrical engineer at the University of Wisconsin, though, thinks engineers need a much
more practical and efficient way to produce vast series of tiny wires on the back of the artificial eyeball to give it
superhuman sight, which is super hard to achieve.
8．Why does Zhiyong Fan develop the artificial eye?
A．To replace people’s real eyeballs. B．To gain a sharper vision.
C．To help the blind regain their eyesight. D．To help normal eyes perform better.
9．What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．The design of the artificial eye. B．The structure of the human eye.
C．The advantages of the artificial eye. D．The material used for the artificial eye.
10．What can we learn about the artificial eye and the human eye?
A．They have the same structure.公众号：黑洞视角
B．The artificial eye may see more clearly.
C．The human eye sees better in weak light.
D．The artificial eye takes in a broader view.
11．Which word best describes Hongrui Jiang’s attitude to the artificial eye?
A．Doubtful. B．Favorable. C．Unconcerned. D．Satisfied.
【答案】8．C 9．A 10．B 11．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了香港科技大学的一位科学家开发人工眼帮助盲人重获光明。
8．细节理解题。由第一段“Blind people have long desired for brightness, but scientists don’t have the
technology. To bring that one step closer to reality, Zhiyong Fan, a materials scientist of the Hong Kong University
of Science and Technology, developed a new artificial eye recently.”（盲人长期以来一直渴望光明，但科学家们
没有这项技术。为了让这一点更接近现实，香港科技大学材料科学家范志勇最近开发了一种新的人工
眼。）可知，发明人工眼的目的是帮助盲人重获光明。故选C项。
9．主旨大意题。由第二段“The design for a new artificial eye is based on the structure of the human eye and
uses a friendly light-sensitive material. At the back of the eyeball, an artificial retina is lined with Nan scale light
sensors ( 纳米级光感器). Those sensors measure light that passes through the lens (晶状体) at the front of the eye.
Wires attached to the back of the retina send signals from those sensors to the processor, similar to the way nerve
networks connect the eyeball to the brain.”（新型人工眼的设计基于人眼的结构，并使用了一种友好的光敏材
料。在眼球后部，人造视网膜上排列着Nan级的光传感器。这些传感器测量通过眼睛前部晶状体的光线。
连接在视网膜后部的电线将信号从这些传感器发送到处理器，类似于神经网络将眼球连接到大脑的方
式。）可知，第二段主要讲人工眼的结构设计。故选A项。
10．细节理解题。由第三段“In theory, this artificial eye could see more clearly than the human eye, because the
artificial retina contains about 460 million light sensors per square centimeter while a real retina has about 10
million light-detecting cells per square centimeter.”（理论上，这种人造眼比人眼看得更清楚，因为人造视网
膜每平方厘米包含大约 4.6 亿个光传感器，而真正的视网膜每平方厘米有大约 1000 万个光检测细胞。）
可知，理论上人工眼可能比真正的眼睛看得更清楚。故选B项。
11．推理判断题。由尾段“Hongrui Jiang, an electrical engineer at the University of Wisconsin, though, thinks
engineers need a much more practical and efficient way to produce vast series of tiny wires on the back of the
artificial eyeball to give it superhuman sight, which is super hard to achieve.”（不过，威斯康星大学的电气工程
师姜宏瑞认为，工程师们需要一种更实用、更有效的方法，在人造眼球的背面生产大量的细线，使其具有
超人的视力，而这很难实现。）可知，他认为科学家们设想的很难达成，因此对人工眼持怀疑态度。故选
A项。
Passage 4
（22-23高二下·广东广州·期末）During the Gold Rush, merchants needed a faster way to ship their goods
to the West, turning every voyage into a race. The current record holder was the Surprise, which had made the New
York to San Francisco trip in ninety-six days. Ellen planned to break that record with her ship, the Flying Cloud.
To achieve the goal, Ellen learned to use navigation (航海) instruments and do the complicated math
calculations from her captain father. She also studied positioning charts made by Lieutenant Marthew, Ellen’s race公众号：黑洞视角
against time began on June 2, 1851. It was her responsibility to keep track of the ship’s progress and current
position and to plan the best course for it to follow. She chose a course different from the ones ships normally used
and the Flying Cloud passed the equator two days less than ever before.
Heading south, when Ellen and the Flying Cloud was about to reach the Cape Horn, powerful wind slammed
into the ship, tipping it sideways. Thirty-foot waves crashed over the deck. Ellen knew that the fastest way to get
there was through the Strait of Le Maire. But it was risky. The narrow strip of water was only fourteen miles wide
with rocky coasts on both sides. It would not be a problem on a clear day. But Flying Cloud was hit with their worst
storm yet. Between the blinding snow and the lack of daylight, visibility was cut to almost nothing. Ellen used dead
reckoning to plot a course she hoped would take the Flying Cloud toward the entrance to the strait.Finally, when the
skies cleared, Ellen was relieved to see that she were right and everyone were safe on board. On July 22, lucky
winds pushed the ship through the strait.Finally, at eleven-thirty the morning of August 3l, 185l, Flying Cloud had
completed its voyage in eighty-nine days and twenty-one hours, beating Surprise’s record by an entire
week.Crowds gathered on the beach to watch Flying Cloud’s arrival. News of the broken record spread quickly,
making Ellen an instant celebrity. Her achievements were recognized in newspapers across the country, The success
of her voyage required a combination of skill, experience and courage. Luckily, Ellen had them all.
12．What was Ellen’s main job on the Flying Cloud?
A．Doing math calculation and making charts.
B．Analyzing the data and predicting the weather.
C．Locating the ship’s position and deciding the course.
D．Following the captain’s instructions and drawing maps.
13．Which of the following words can best describe Ellen?
A．Intelligent and generous. B．Brave and straightforward.
C．Adventurous and sensitive. D．Ambitious and committed.
14．Which rhetorical device is used in the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?
A．Personification.B．Simile. C．Metaphor. D．Repetition.
15．What was the biggest challenge when Ellen crossed the Strait of Le Maire?
A．The powerful waves. B．The rocky coasts.
C．The narrow strip of water. D．The low visibility
【答案】12．C 13．D 14．C 15．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Ellen在19世纪的淘金热期间，如何通过自己的技能、经验和勇气，
驾驶Flying Cloud号船打破了从纽约到旧金山的航行记录。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“It was her responsibility to keep track of the ship’s progress and current position
and to plan the best course for it to follow. （她的责任是跟踪船只的进展和当前位置，并规划最佳航线。）”
可知，Ellen在Flying Cloud号上的主要工作是定位船只的位置并决定航线。故选C项。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段“Her achievements were recognized in newspapers across the country, The
success of her voyage required a combination of skill, experience and courage. Luckily, Ellen had them all.（她的公众号：黑洞视角
成就在全国的报纸上得到了认可，她的航行成功需要技能、经验和勇气的结合。幸运的是，Ellen都具备
了。）”以及前文内容可知，Ellen展现了她的雄心和坚定，她获得了全国的认可，这实现了她的雄心，说
明她是有雄心的（ambitious），还选择了不同于常规的航线，并在恶劣天气中坚持自己的决定，这表现了
她是committed（坚定的）。故选D项。
14．推理判断题。根据第三段“Thirty-foot waves crashed over the deck."（三十英尺高的波浪冲过甲
板。）”这里使用了暗喻的修辞手法，让人联想到海浪和海风之大。故选C项。
15．推理判断题。根据第三段“Between the blinding snow and the lack of daylight, visibility was cut to almost
nothing.（由于刺眼的雪和缺乏日光，能见度几乎降到了零。）”可知，当Ellen穿越Le Maire海峡时，她
面临的最大挑战是能见度极低。故选D项。
Passage 5
（22-23高二下·广东广州·期末）ChatGPT has been banned by schools in New York and Los Angeles, out
of concern that students may use it to cheat on assignments. Despite these concerns, educators needn’t fear Al
technology will transform education. Instead, it will help students take ownership of their studies and learn real-life
skills. Today’s students need instruction that equips them with the skills of reasoning, analysis and argumentation
rather than memorizing basic information. And Al may be a useful tool that promotes these skills.
Our experience with Al is perhaps best understood when compared with previous disturbances in education.
When printed books, for example, began to occur in the mid-1400s, university professors were filled with panic. At
that time, lectures depended on a specific model: Professors read from their hand-written texts, while students
hurriedly copied whatever they heard. If students could simply buy the books, teachers likely thought that they
wouldn’t need to come to class. Yet in practice, printing had the opposite effect: The number of universities
exploded along with the total number of books. The new technology disturbed the mechanical aspect of education,
but in doing so it allowed educators to refocus on higher-level skills.
Similarly, ChatGPT will replace the mechanical production of text, but it won’t decrease the need for higher-
level skills. Possessing the skills to ask the right questions or state the right opinions will become crucial as the
production of a logical essay becomes a simple task for a machine. Al will serve as a tool for information gathering
and mechanical organization, but it won’t remove the fundamental need for critical thinking.Schools must
remember that education’s value isn’t a head full of facts but a person with the skill to use these facts with the
available tools to enhance their impact on the world. Al is one of these tools and, when used strategically, can
improve students’ learning and performance in ways not yet seen. Therefore, it is essential for schools to provide an
education that trains students in how to use the available tools for information. Unless they adapt quickly to the
changing trends of education, they will be left behind by rapid innovation and change.
16．What is the educators’ major concern about Al technology?
A．The possible changes in education.
B．Students’ grades of the assignments.
C．Students’ fear of technological reform.
D．The lack of instructions and equipment.
17．Why does the author mention the invention of printing technology?
A．To justify the concern of the professors.公众号：黑洞视角
B．To show the similar value of Al technology.
C．To clarify previous disturbances in education.
D．To highlight the influence of printing technology.
18．What is the author’s attitude toward the use of Al technology?
A．Doubtful. B．Concerned. C．Critical. D．Supportive.
19．What does the author recommend schools to do in the last paragraph?
A．Replace the mechanical production of text.
B．Design their courses based on Al technology.
C．Catch up with the quick evolution of education.
D．Provide a course focusing on information gathering.
【答案】16．A 17．B 18．D 19．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讨论了AI技术在教育中的应用，以及教育者对此的担忧和对未来教育
的展望。
16．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“ChatGPT has been banned by schools in New York and Los Angeles, out of
concern that students may use it to cheat on assignments. Despite these concerns, educators needn’t fear Al
technology will transform education.”（纽约和洛杉矶的学校禁止了ChatGPT，因为担心学生可能会用它来作
弊。尽管存在这些担忧，但教育工作者不必担心人工智能技术会改变教育。）可知，教育者对AI技术的
主要担忧是它可能会改变教育的形式。故选A。
17．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“When printed books, for example, began to occur in the mid-1400s,
university professors were filled with panic.”（例如，当印刷书籍在15世纪中叶开始出现时，大学教授们充
满了恐慌）；根据第三段“Similarly, ChatGPT will replace the mechanical production of text, but it won't
decrease the need for higher-level skills.”（同样，ChatGPT将取代机械性的文本生产，但它不会减少对高级
技能的需求。）可推知，作者提到印刷技术的发明是为了展示AI技术的类似价值。故选B。
18．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“AI is one of these tools and, when used strategically, can improve
students’learning and performance in ways not yet seen.”（AI是这些工具之一，如果策略性地使用，可以以尚
未见过的方式提高学生的学习和表现。）可推知，作者对使用AI技术持支持态度。故选D。
19．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Unless they adapt quickly to the changing trends of education, they will
be left behind by rapid innovation and change.”（除非他们快速适应教育的变化趋势，否则他们将被快速的创
新和变化所落后。）可推知，作者建议学校应跟上教育的快速发展。故选C。
Passage 6
（22-23高二下·广东广州·期末）Twelve grams of moon arrived at Ferl’s laboratory in an undecorated
delivery box. Ferl, a gardening expert at the University of Florida, had waited more than a decade for that moment.
The small box of dirt held some of the last remaining unopened samples of moon dust, called regolith, collected by
astronauts on the lunar missions. Despite months of practice, he lifted the sample with trembling hands. “It’s freaky,
scary stuff,” he says, “mean, what happens if you drop that?” Ferland his team were about to become the first
researchers to grow plants in actual lunar soil.公众号：黑洞视角
The experiment was part of a lunar research which aims to send humans back to the moon later this decade
in a more sustainable way. Longer duration stays require astronauts to have a source of food. “All of human
exploration has been driven by the ability to keep crews fed,” says Gil, a researcher not involved in the study. And
Ferl’s experiment offers a significant first step in this journey.
To test the moon soil, Ferl’s team divided the samples into 12 pots of 900 milligrams a piece and planted
seeds in them. The seeds developed successfully, but the plants had trouble growing healthy roots. The moon soil
lacks important microbes, which play a significant role in regulating plant growth hormones (激素), reducing
environmental stress, and absorbing essential nutrients. Without natural microbes, the plants struggled to absorb
nutrients and manage stress. Additionally, the lack of water can cause the soil to become difficult to work with.
The seedlings failed to grow strongly in regolith alone, but Ferl hopes to continue studying how life might
take hold in otherwise low-yield soil, with an eye toward both boosting humanity’s prospects off the planet and
improving agriculture in low-yield soils here at home. “Most of us are not going to go to space,” he says, “But if we
can engineer a way to produce these kinds of crops in such an unforgiving environment — like the lunar surface —
we can apply that to meet our food challenges in areas that just can’t grow food anymore.”
20．How did Ferl feel when receiving the box?
A．moved and surprised. B．scared but curious.
C．worried but relieved. D．cautious and nervous.
21．Why did Ferl carry out the experiment?
A．To feed the crew of his research team.
B．To ensure food supply for space exploration.
C．To provide sustainable energy for lunar missions.
D．To send the astronauts back to the moon in a shorter time.
22．What can be done to improve lunar crops production?
A．Adding microbes and watering it properly.
B．Dividing regolith equally and managing stress.
C．Growing healthy roots and making regolith dry.
D．Choosing suitable seeds and regulating hormones.
23．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．The original goal of the study. B．The limitation of space farming
C．The application of the experiment result. D．The factors causing the experiment failure.
【答案】20．D 21．B 22．A 23．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了Ferl教授和他的团队如何在月球土壤中种植植物的实验过程，
以及他们的实验结果可能如何应用于解决地球上的食物挑战。
20．细节理解题。根据第一段“Despite months of practice, he lifted the sample with trembling hands. “It’s
freaky, scary stuff,“ he says, “mean, what happens if you drop that?”(尽管练习了几个月，他还是用颤抖的双手
举起了样本。他说：‘这是一种怪异、可怕的东西，意思是，如果你把它掉在地上了怎么办？’)”可知，公众号：黑洞视角
Ferl在收到盒子的时候感到小心翼翼和紧张。故选D。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段“The experiment was part of a lunar research which aims to send humans back to
the moon later this decade in a more sustainable way. Longer duration stays require astronauts to have a source of
food.(该实验是月球研究的一部分，该研究旨在以更可持续的方式在本世纪末将人类送回月球。更长的停留
时间要求宇航员有食物来源)”可知，Ferl做这个实验是为了确保太空探索的食物供应。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据第三段“The moon soil lacks important microbes, which play a significant role in
regulating plant growth hormones (激素), reducing environmental stress, and absorbing essential nutrients. Without
natural microbes, the plants struggled to absorb nutrients and manage stress. Additionally, the lack of water can
cause the soil to become difficult to work with.(月球土壤缺乏重要的微生物，这些微生物在调节植物生长激素、
减轻环境胁迫和吸收必需营养物质方面发挥着重要作用。没有了天然微生物，植物很难吸收养分和应对压
力。此外，缺水会导致土壤变得难以处理)”可知，添加微生物，适当浇水可以提高月球作物产量。故选
A。
23．主旨大意题。最后一段“The seedlings failed to grow strongly in regolith alone, but Ferl hopes to continue
studying how life might take hold in otherwise low-yield soil, with an eye toward both boosting humanity’s
prospects off the planet and improving agriculture in low-yield soils here at home. “Most of us are not going to go
to space,“ he says, “But if we can engineer a way to produce these kinds of crops in such an unforgiving
environment — like the lunar surface — we can apply that to meet our food challenges in areas that just can’t grow
food anymore.(这些幼苗在单独的风化层中无法茁壮成长，但费尔希望继续研究生命如何在其他低产量的土
壤中扎根，同时着眼于提高人类在地球上的前景，并改善国内低产量土壤中的农业。‘我们大多数人都不
会去太空，’他说，‘但如果我们能设计出一种方法，在像月球表面这样恶劣的环境中生产这些作物，我
们就可以应用它来应对那些无法再种植粮食的地区的粮食挑战。’)”指出，如果这项实验能够计出一种方
法在月球表面这样恶劣的环境中生产这些作物，就可以帮助提高地球上低产量土壤中的农业，应对那些无
法再种植粮食的地区的粮食挑战；由此可知，本段主要阐述这项实验结果的应用。故选C。
Passage 7
（23-24高二下·河南三门峡·期末）In a Parisian old shoe factory on the city’s outskirts, a new kind of life
is taking root. Neoplants, a startup from Paris, has developed a special houseplant that could potentially help
improve indoor air quality by removing harmful pollutants.
The plant is a modified variety of one of the most popular and low-maintenance houseplants. Its DNA has
been altered to enhance its capacity to absorb volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the air we breathe inside
our homes. These VOCs include substances like formaldehyde, benzene. toluene. ethylbenzene, and xylene, which
are commonly found indoors and can be harmful in large quantities.
The genetic tweaking also allows the plant to convert the absorbed VOCs into substances it can use. such as
sugars and carbon dioxide, which then fuel its growth. While Neoplants’concept is quite promising, proving its
effectiveness is a challenge.
Plant shops often claim their greenery can purify the air, but much of this belief stems from research
conducted by NASA back in 1989. They found that houseplants could indeed absorb certain toxins. However,
achieving the same level of toxin removal as simply opening a window would require an impractical number of
plants — anywhere from 10 to 1,000 per square meter.公众号：黑洞视角
So, does Neoplants’genetically modified houseplant offer a better solution? Field tests haven’t yielded
definitive results yet, but there is hope for more conclusive testing in the future with the help of a new lab equipped
with unique non-absorbent rooms that mimic real-life conditions . Additionally, the company is exploring potential
applications for its gene-editing technology in areas such as carbon capture and phytoremediation, where plants are
used to clean up contaminated environments
Neoplants is relying on patience and a bit of faith. It takes time for innovations to mature. “This will be the
first time such a product exists.” says the company’s CEO. drawing a parallel to the early days of computers, which
were not very powerful initially but still represented a significant breakthrough.
With Neoplants’ vision, the old shoe factory on the edge of Paris isn’t just a place where shoes were made;
it’s where a novel approach to cleaning our indoor air is being cultivated — one that could someday make our
homes healthier and more environmentally friendly.
24．What does Neoplants’genetically modified houseplant aim to do?
A．maintain its capacity easily B．absorb VOC’s massively
C．alter its DNA completely D．fuel its growth quickly
25．What can be inferred from this passage?
A．The absorbed VOCs can enhance the growth of the plant.
B．Opening a window can remove the same level of toxins as the Neoplants.
C．Neoplants will need powerful computers to make a significant breakthrough.
D．Conclusive testing needs conducting to achieve definite results.
26．What does the underlined term “phytoremediation” in paragraph 5 most likely mean?
A．The process of using plants to absorb nutrients. B．The process of using plants to purify the air.
C．The process of using plants to explore applications. D．The process of using plants to edit certain
genes.
27．Where is the text probably taken from?
A．Science fiction. B．A scientific textbook.
C．A news article. D．An art magazine.
【答案】24．B 25．D 26．B 27．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要报道了巴黎的一家初创公司Neoplants开发了一种特殊的室内植物，
这种植物的DNA被改造过，可以吸收室内空气中的有害污染物，从而改善室内空气质量。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The plant is a modified variety of one of the most popular and low-
maintenance houseplants. Its DNA has been altered to enhance its capacity to absorb volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) from the air we breathe inside our homes.”（这种植物是最受欢迎和维护最低的室内植物的一种改良
品种。它的DNA已经被改变，以增强其吸收我们在家中呼吸的空气中的挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）的能
力。）可知，Neoplants的转基因室内植物的目标是大量吸收VOCs。故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Field tests haven’t yielded definitive results yet, but there is hope for more
conclusive testing in the future with the help of a new lab equipped with unique non-absorbent rooms that mimic公众号：黑洞视角
real-life conditions.”（现场测试尚未产生明确的结果，但有望在未来通过配备有模拟真实生活条件的独特非
吸收室的新实验室的帮助下进行更有决定性的测试。）可推知，需要进行决定性的测试以获得明确的结果。
故选D。
26．词句猜测题。根据文章第五段“where plants are used to clean up contaminated environments”（其中植物
被用来清理污染的环境。）可推知，此外，该公司正在探索其基因编辑技术在碳捕获和用植物净化空气的
过程的潜在应用。故“phytoremediation”最有可能是指使用植物净化空气的过程。故选B。
27．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Neoplants, a startup from Paris, has developed a special houseplant that
could potentially help improve indoor air quality by removing harmful pollutants.(来自巴黎的初创公司Neoplants
开发了一种特殊的室内植物，可以通过去除有害污染物来改善室内空气质量)”以及文章内容可知，文章主
要报道了巴黎的一家初创公司Neoplants开发了一种特殊的室内植物，这种植物的DNA被改造过，可以吸
收室内空气中的有害污染物，从而改善室内空气质量。可以判断这篇文章最有可能出自新闻报道。故选
C。
Passage 8
（23-24高二下·河南三门峡·期末）It is thought that music can make maths more enjoyable, keep students
engaged and help case fear or anxiety they have about maths.
To find out more, Turkish researcher Dr Ayca Akin, from the Department of Software Engineering, Antalya
Belek University, searched academic databases for research on the topic published between 1975 and 2022. She
then combined the results of 55 studies from around the world, involving almost 78,000 young people from
kindergarten pupils to university students, to come up with an answer.
Students took maths tests before and after taking part in the intervention and the change in their scores was
compared with that of youngsters who didn’t take part in an intervention. The use of music, whether in separate
lessons or as part of maths classes, was associated with greater improvement in maths over time. The integrated
lessons had the biggest effect, with around 73% of students who had integrated lessons doing significantly better
than youngsters who didn’t have any type of musical intervention. Some 69% of students who learned how to play
instruments and 58% of students who had normal music lessons improved more than pupils with no musical
intervention.
The results also indicate that music helps more with learning arithmetic than other types of maths and has a
bigger impact on younger pupils and those learning more basic mathematical concepts. Dr Akin points out that
maths and music have much in common, such as the use of symmetry symbols. Both subjects also require abstract
thought and quantitative reasoning.
Limitations of the analysis include the relatively small number of studies available for inclusion. This meant
it wasn’t possible to look at the effect of factors such as gender, socioeconomic status and length of musical
instruction on the results.
Dr Akin adds, “Encouraging mathematics and music teachers to plan lessons together could help ease
students’ anxiety about mathematics, while also boosting achievement.”
28．How did Dr Akin conduct her research?
A．By launching a questionnaire online. B．By creating a data model.
C．By analyzing data worldwide. D．By surveying university students.公众号：黑洞视角
29．What were the students asked to do to reflect the effect of the intervention?
A．Take maths tests. B．Develop abstract thought.
C．Plan lessons with music teachers. D．Learn more basic mathematical concepts.
30．What does the author think of the research?
A．Overall. B．Sensitive. C．Subjective. D．Imperfect.
【答案】28．C 29．A 30．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了音乐融入数学教育可缓解焦虑，提升学生成绩，尤其利于基
础算术学习，建议跨学科合作教学。
28．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“To find out more, Turkish researcher Dr Ayca Akin, from the Department of
Software Engineering, Antalya Belek University, searched academic databases for research on the topic published
between 1975 and 2022. She then combined the results of 55 studies from around the world, involving almost 78,
000 young people from kindergarten pupils to university students, to come up with an answer.(为了了解更多信息，
安塔利亚贝莱克大学软件工程系的土耳其研究员Ayca Akin博士在学术数据库中搜索了1975年至2022年间
发表的关于该主题的研究。然后，她综合了来自世界各地的55项研究的结果，得出了一个答案，这些研究
涉及近78000名年轻人，从幼儿园学生到大学生)”可知，Akin博士通过分析世界各地的数据进行研究。故
选C项。
29．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Students took maths tests before and after taking part in the intervention
and the change in their scores was compared with that of youngsters who didn’t take part in an intervention.(学生
们在参加干预前后进行了数学测试，并将他们的成绩变化与未参加干预的年轻人进行了比较)”可知，学生
们被要求参加数学测试，以反映干预措施的效果。故选A项。
30．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Limitations of the analysis include the relatively small number of studies
available for inclusion. This meant it wasn’t possible to look at the effect of factors such as gender, socioeconomic
status and length of musical instruction on the results.(分析的局限性包括可供纳入的研究数量相对较少。这意
味着不可能研究性别、社会经济地位和音乐教学时间等因素对结果的影响)”可知，作者认为研究有不足之
处，故该研究是不完美的。故选D项。
Passage 9
（23-24 高二下·河南三门峡·期末）Dragons, a famous imaginary beast born from fantasy, are often
present in stories in the west and east. In both cultures, dragons are generally recognized as massive creatures
capable of flight. They have great power and are often associated with magical abilities. However, due to their
different cultural roots and images, there exist significant differences in the way dragons are regarded in the west
and east, particularly in China.
Chinese dragons most resemble snakes, and have four claws and no wings. They often have features of other
animals, including carp, tigers, and eagles. In the contrast, Western dragons look like huge lizards with big claws
and large bat-like wings, and are often shown with spines or rough scales.
In traditional Chinese culture, a dragon is a symbol of luck, power and high status. They can cause weather
changes and bring rainfall to the fields to ensure rich harvests. They are considered divine creatures, which hold an公众号：黑洞视角
important position as the head of the four spirits. Therefore, to symbolize their power, ancient Chinese emperors
decorated their clothes with dragon patterns. These clothes are known as dragon robes. Many Chinese view the
dragon as a national symbol, proudly referring to themselves as “descendants of the dragon”. In the west, however,
a dragon symbolizes an evil creature that spreads violence and terror throughout the land. They are believed to be
transformed by the devil, with the ability to breathe fire or spit poison. Many western tales show dragons being
defeated and killed to protect people from danger.
Today, dragons continue to evolve, exceeding traditional boundaries and finding new significance in global
culture. They are no longer associated with evil or good, but rather as complex characters with their own unique
personalities and motivations. For example, Toothless from How to Train Your Dragon begins as a dangerous
dragon but evolves into a misunderstood being with love and compassion. This challenges the idea of dragons as
naturally evil, presenting them as complex beings with emotions and motivations.
31．What do western dragons and eastern dragons have in common?
A．They are huge and powerful. B．They have rough skin.
C．They are in the shape of snakes. D．They have big claws and wings.
32．What do we know from paragraph 3?
A．Western dragons are a symbol of authority and violence.
B．Dragons are believed to cause chaos in western culture.
C．Chinese dragons can control rainfall and breathe fire.
D．Dragons in China can protect people from danger.
33．What is new about dragons in today’s global culture?
A．They have more diverse feelings and characters.
B．They have complicated motivations with born love.
C．They are commonly regarded as adventurous creatures.
D．They tend to represent human spirits facing challenges.
34．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．The Images of Dragons in Western Traditions. B．The Origin of Dragons in Chinese History.
C．The Magical Animals in Different Countries. D．The Dragon Elements in Global Culture.
【答案】31．A 32．B 33．A 34．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章从东西方历史的角度，讲述了龙文化的产生和发展，还分析了随着全球文
化的发展，龙的形象如何逐渐演变和丰富。
31．细节理解题。根据第一段中“In both cultures, dragons are generally recognized as massive creatures
capable of flight. They have great power and are often associated with magical abilities. (在这两种文化中，龙通
常被认为是能够飞行的大型生物。它们拥有强大的力量，并且经常与魔法能力联系在一起。)”可知，西方
龙和东方龙都体型巨大，力量强大。故选A项。
32．推理判断题。根据第三段中“In the west, however, a dragon symbolizes an evil creature that spreads
violence and terror throughout the land. They are believed to be transformed by the devil, with the ability to breathe公众号：黑洞视角
fire or spit poison. Many western tales show dragons being defeated and killed to protect people from danger. (然而，
在西方，龙象征着一种邪恶的生物，它在整个土地上传播暴力和恐怖。他们被认为是被魔鬼改造的，有喷
火或吐毒的能力。许多西方故事都显示龙被打败和杀死是为了保护人们免受危险。)”可知，在西方文化中，
龙被认为会引起混乱。故选B项。
33．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Today, dragons continue to evolve, exceeding traditional boundaries and
finding new significance in global culture. They are no longer associated with evil or good, but rather as complex
characters with their own unique personalities and motivations. (今天，龙在不断进化，超越了传统的界限，在
全球文化中找到了新的意义。它们不再与邪恶或善良联系在一起，而是作为具有自己独特个性和动机的复
杂人物。)”可知，在当今的全球文化中，龙具有了更多不同的感情和性格。故选A项。
34．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中“Today, dragons continue to evolve, exceeding traditional
boundaries and finding new significance in global culture. They are no longer associated with evil or good, but
rather as complex characters with their own unique personalities and motivations. (今天，龙在不断进化，超越了
传统的界限，在全球文化中找到了新的意义。他们不再与邪恶或善良联系在一起，而是作为具有自己独特
个性和动机的复杂人物。)”可知，本文从东西方历史的角度，讲述了龙文化的产生和发展，特别是，直到
今天，全球文化中的龙元素。D“全球文化中的龙元素”符合主题，故选D项。
Passage 10
（23-24高二下·河南三门峡·期末）TikTok, the widely popular social media platform, has taken the world
by storm with its short-form videos and addictive content. But did you know that there is also a Chinese version of
TikTok?
The Chinese version of TikTok is called Douyin, and it has quickly become one of the most widely used apps
in China. Launched in 2016 by Beijing-based tech company ByteDance, Douyin has attracted an enormous user
base and reshaped the social media landscape in China.
So, how did Douyin gain such vast popularity in China?
One of the factors contributing to Douyin’s success is the large population of smartphone users in China.
With over 1.4 billion people, China has a massive user base for social media platforms. Additionally, the rise in
internet penetration and the availability of affordable smartphones have made it easier for people to access and use
Douyin.
Douyin takes advantage of China’s culture of sharing and enjoying bite-sized content. In China. there has
always been a strong demand for short-form entertainment, including popular formats like variety shows, quick
comedy skits, and music videos. Douyin provides a platform for users to easily create and share short videos,
allowing them to express their creativity and talent.
Douyin leverages the power of social network effects. Users can follow each other, like and comment on
videos, and engage with a large community of like-minded individuals. This sense of belonging and community
encourages them to spend more time on the platform.
Moreover. Douyin continuously improves its features and algorithms to enhance user experience and keep
users engaged. The app uses advanced AI technology to analyze user preferences and provide personalized
recommendations, ensuring that users see content that is relevant and interesting to them.公众号：黑洞视角
Overall, the rise of the Chinese version of TikTok, Douyin, can be attributed to a combination of factors,
including the large smartphone user base, the popularity of short-form entertainment in China, social network
effects, and continuous improvements in features and algorithms.
35．How is Douyin different from TikTok?
A．Its algorithms. B．Its target groups. C．Its user experience. D．Its main functions.
36．Which of the following is one of the factors of Douyin’s success in China?
A．The popularity of long-form videos.
B．The low technology requirements to Douyin.
C．The large population of smartphone users.
D．The availability of different brands of mobile phones.
37．What does the underlined word “leverages” mean in Paragraph 6?
A．brings about B．believes in C．makes up for D．makes full use of
38．How is the passage organized?
A．Opinion — Description — Discussion B．Topic — Argument — Emphasis
C．Introduction — Explanations — Summary D．Main idea — Supporting examples — Conclusion
【答案】35．B 36．C 37．D 38．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国版的TikTok——抖音——在中国广泛流行的原因。
35．推理判断题。根据第一段“TikTok, the widely popular social media platform, has taken the world by storm
with its short-form videos and addictive content. But did you know that there is also a Chinese version of
TikTok?”（广受欢迎的社交媒体平台TikTok以其短视频和令人上瘾的内容席卷了全球。但你知道TikTok也
有中国版吗？）和第二段“The Chinese version of TikTok is called Douyin, and it has quickly become one of the
most widely used apps in China.”（TikTok的中国版名为抖音，它已迅速成为中国使用最广泛的应用程序之
一。）可知，抖音和TikTok使用区域不同，说明它们的受众目标不同。故选B。
36．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“One of the factors contributing to Douyin’s success is the large population
of smartphone users in China.”（导致抖音成功的因素之一是中国庞大的智能手机用户群。）可知，中国庞大
的智能手机用户群是抖音在中国成功的因素之一。故选C。
37．词句猜测题。根据文章第六段“Users can follow each other, like and comment on videos, and engage with
a large community of like-minded individuals.”（用户可以互相关注，喜欢和评论视频，并与志同道合的人组
成的大型社区进行互动。）可知，抖音充分利用了社交网络效应的力量，所以leverages”在此处的意思是
“充分利用”。故选D。
38．推理判断题。根据第二段“The Chinese version of TikTok is called Douyin, and it has quickly become one
of the most widely used apps in China. Launched in 2016 by Beijing-based tech company ByteDance, Douyin has
attracted an enormous user base and reshaped the social media landscape in China.”（ TikTok的中国版名为抖音，
它已迅速成为中国使用最广泛的应用程序之一。抖音于2016年由北京科技公司字节跳动推出，吸引了庞大
的用户群，重塑了中国的社交媒体格局。），第三段“So, how did Douyin gain such vast popularity in
China?”（那么，抖音是如何在中国获得如此大的人气的呢?）和最后一段“Overall, the rise of the Chinese公众号：黑洞视角
version of TikTok, Douyin, can be attributed to a combination of factors, including the large smartphone user base,
the popularity of short-form entertainment in China, social network effects, and continuous improvements in
features and algorithms.”（总的来说，中国版TikTok的崛起，抖音的成功可以归因于多种因素，包括庞大的
智能手机用户群、短形式娱乐在中国的流行、社交网络效应以及功能和算法的不断改进。）可知，文章首
先介绍了抖音的概况，然后解释了抖音在中国广泛流行的原因，最后总结了抖音的成功因素。所以，文章
的组织结构是“介绍——解释——总结”。故选C。
Passage 11
（23-24高二上·浙江绍兴·期末）This question has fascinated behavioural scientists for decades: why do
we give money to charity?
The explanations for charitable giving fall into three broad categories, from the purely altruisic (利他的)— I
donate because I value the social good done by the charity. The “impurely” altruistic— I donate because I extract
value from knowing I contribute to the social good for the charity. And the not-at-all altruistic— I donate because I
want to show off to potential mates how rich I am.
But are these motives strong enough to enable people to donate as much as they would want to? Most people
support charities in one way or another, but often we struggle to make donations as often as we think we should.
Although many people would like to leave a gift to charity in their will, they forget about it when the time comes.
Many people are also aware that they should donate to the causes that have the highest impact, but facts and
figures are less attractive than narratives. In a series of experiments, it was found that people are much more
responsive to charitable pleas that feature a single, identifiable beneficiary(受益者), than they are to statistical
information about the scale of the problem being faced. When it comes to charitable giving, we are often ruled by
our hearts and not our heads.
The good news is that charitable giving is contagious—seeing others give makes an individual more likely
to give and gentle encouragement from an important person in your life can also make a big difference to your
donation decisions— more than quadrupling them in our recent study. Habit also plays a part— in three recent
experiments those who volunteered before were more likely to do donate their time than those who had not
volunteered before.
In summary, behavioural science identifies a range of factors that influence our donations, and can help us to
keep giving in the longer term. This is great news not just for charities, but also for donors.
39．What can we learn about people who do charitable giving?
A．Most people support charity as often as they think they should.
B．Some people don’t want to leave a gift to charity until the time comes.
C．Those who donate because they can gain an advantage are purely altruistic.
D．Some people send money to charity simply to tell others they are wealthy.
40．In which way will people donate more willingly?
A．Not revealing the names of the donors.
B．Showing figures about the seriousness of the problem.
C．Telling stories that feature a single, recognizable beneficiary.
D．Reminding people to write down what to donate in the will in advance.公众号：黑洞视角
41．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 5 mean?
A．People will learn from others and follow the suit.
B．Many people are familiar with charitable giving.
C．Charitable giving helps the beneficiary in all aspects.
D．Charitable giving can bring a lot of benefits to donors.
42．What is the writing purpose of the passage?
A．To persuade more people to donate.
B．To explain the science behind why people donate.
C．To criticize some false charitable giving behaviours.
D．To explore approaches to making people donate more.
【答案】39．D 40．C 41．A 42．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了人们把钱捐给慈善机构背后的科学原因。
39．细节理解题。根据第二段中“And the not-at-all altruistic— I donate because I want to show off to potential
mates how rich I am.(而完全不是利他主义的——我捐赠是因为我想向潜在的伴侣炫耀我有多有钱。)”可知，
我们能从慈善捐赠的人身上了解到，有些人把钱捐给慈善机构只是为了告诉别人他们很富有。故选D项。
40．细节理解题。根据第四段中“In a series of experiments, it was found that people are much more responsive
to charitable pleas that feature a single, identifiable beneficiary(受益者), than they are to statistical information
about the scale of the problem being faced. When it comes to charitable giving, we are often ruled by our hearts and
not our heads.(在一系列的实验中，人们发现人们对以单一的、可识别的受益人为特征的慈善请求的反应要
比他们对所面临的问题规模的统计信息的反应要大得多。当涉及到慈善捐赠时，我们常常被我们的心而不
是我们的头脑所支配。)”可知，通过讲述一个单一的、可识别的受益人的故事, 人们更愿意捐赠。故选C
项。
41．词句猜测题。划线词句后文“seeing others give makes an individual more likely to give and gentle
encouragement from an important person in your life can also make a big difference to your donation decisions(看
到别人捐赠会让一个人更愿意捐赠，生活中重要的人的温柔鼓励也会对你的捐赠决定产生很大的影响)”说
明捐赠是易受别人影响的，从而推知划线词句“The good news is that charitable giving is contagious (好消息
是，慈善捐赠是有传染性的)”其中划线句子应为“慈善捐赠是有传染性的”的意思，与A项“人们会向别
人学习并效仿”同义。故选A项。
42．推理判断题。根据第一段“This question has fascinated behavioural scientists for decades: why do we give
money to charity?(这个问题几十年来一直困扰着行为科学家:我们为什么要把钱捐给慈善机构?)”和最后一段
中“In summary, behavioural science identifies a range of factors that influence our donations, and can help us to
keep giving in the longer term.(总之，行为科学确定了一系列影响我们捐赠的因素，并可以帮助我们在更长
的时间内继续捐赠。)”可知，文章的写作目的是解释人们捐赠背后的科学原因。故选B项。
Passage 12
（22-23高二下·安徽芜湖·期末）The Internet’s carbon footprint is as bad as air travel. While it is difficult to
measure precisely, estimates place it at over two percent of global greenhouse gas emissions(排放)—the same as公众号：黑洞视角
the air travel.
Information may appear to spread around the world unseen to our eyes, but it actually passes through
enormous data centers placed strategically about the globe, which store, organize and deliver everyone’s data.
These centers are extremely energy intensive. In the EU, they consume close to three percent of its total energy
usage and also require lots of water to prevent their computers from overheating. In the US, about a fifth of data
centers draw water from already stressed water sources.
A typical spam email(垃圾邮件)emits around 0.03g of CO emissions, though longer messages read on a
2
laptop can go all the way up to 26g. Now multiply that by 333 billion(roughly the number of emails that get sent
every day in 2022). That puts all those work emails into perspective. One study found if every British adult sent one
less “thank you” email a day, it would save 16, 433 tons of carbon a year. It even predicted that the ICT industry
could account for up to a fifth of the world’s energy consumption by 2025.
However, there are measures that we can take to reduce our digital carbon footprint. For instance, you can
unsubscribe from marketing and other spam emails and only subscribe to newsletters that you still regularly read.
Have regular data checks where you delete old contact lists and other documents that no longer have any use. Keep
a clean inbox and delete emails you no longer need.
43．Why does the author make a comparison in the beginning?
A．To present the digital carbon footprint.
B．To emphasize the importance of air travel.
C．To advise people not to travel by airplane.
D．To inform the disadvantages of the Internet.
44．What can we infer about data centers?
A．It enjoys a wide popularity.
B．It has various kinds of functions.
C．It causes large energy consumption.
D．It has quite a complex mode of operation.
45．What’s the purpose of mentioning the figures in Paragraph 3?
A．To draw the readers’ attention.
B．To illustrate a certain information.
C．To highlight the change of CO emission.
2
D．To stress the importance of reducing CO emission.
2
46．What’s the author’s attitude towards reducing digital carbon footprint?
A．Neutral. B．Optimistic.
C．Unfavorable. D．Concerned.
【答案】43．A 44．C 45．D 46．B
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了在数字时代，网络数据的储存、组织和传送会造成巨大的碳排放，文
章建议了几种方法可以减少数字碳足迹。公众号：黑洞视角
43．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The Internet’s carbon footprint is as bad as air travel. While it is difficult to
measure precisely, estimates place it at over two percent of global greenhouse gas emissions—the same as the air
travel.(互联网的碳足迹和航空旅行一样糟糕。虽然难以精确测量，但据估计，它占全球温室气体排放量的
2%以上，与航空旅行相同)”可推知，作者在第一段将互联网碳足迹和航空旅行碳足迹相比是为了展示数字
碳足迹。故选A。
44．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“These centers are extremely energy intensive. In the EU, they consume
close to three percent of its total energy usage and also require lots of water to prevent their computers from
overheating. In the US, about a fifth of data centers draw water from already stressed water sources.(这些中心都是
能源密集型的。在欧盟，电脑消耗了近3%的总能源消耗，而且还需要大量的水来防止电脑过热。在美国，
大约五分之一的数据中心从已经紧张的水源中取水)”可推知，数据中心造成了大量的能源消耗。故选C。
45．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“A typical spam email(垃圾邮件)emits around 0.03g of CO2 emissions,
though longer messages read on a laptop can go all the way up to 26g. Now multiply that by 333 billion(roughly the
number of emails that get sent every day in 2022).(一封典型的垃圾邮件的二氧化碳排放量约为0.03克，而在
笔记本电脑上阅读较长的信息的二氧化碳排放量可高达26克。现在再乘以3330亿封（大概是2022年每天
发送的电子邮件数量）)”及“One study found if every British adult sent one less “thank you” email a day, it
would save 16, 433 tons of carbon a year. It even predicted that the ICT industry could account for up to a fifth of
the world’s energy consumption by 2025.(一项研究发现，如果每个英国成年人每天少发一封“感谢”邮件，
一年就能减少16433吨碳排放。它甚至预测，到2025年，信息通信技术产业将占到世界能源消耗的五分之
一)”可知，本段通过列举数字说明了网络数据能造成巨大的碳排放，因此，这一段是为了强调减少二氧化
碳排放的重要性。故选D。
46．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“However, there are measures that we can take to reduce our digital
carbon footprint.(然而，我们可以采取一些措施来减少我们的数字碳足迹)”及下文提到的几种方法可知，作
者认为数字碳足迹问题可以改善，持乐观态度。故选B。
Passage 13
（22-23高二下·安徽芜湖·期末）No matter how many times Sandy has rescued an animal, she never gets
over the casual cruelty some people display toward unwanted pets. When she lost her own “angel” dog, she started
Logan’s Legacy to help other pets in need.
Sandy recently received a phone call about a small dog, possibly a puppy, that had been abandoned on a street.
Since she was too far to help on, she called a friend who lives nearby to get there as soon as possible. When her
friend Tom arrived, he found a tiny dog curled(蜷缩)in a tight ball with the chain firmly tied to a tree. Someone had
left food and water for her, but the puppy was too frightened to eat or drink. Once gathered up in a blanket and
placed into the back seat of the car, she began to get weak quickly from dehydration(脱水)and exhaustion.
The moment she got some water and food, the puppy made a rapid recovery, and her lovely and sweet
personality could finally shine! “We have named her CiCi,” Sandy added, “She is feeling so much better. She has
been observed at my place and she is doing great. This sweet baby girl will never feel fearful again, and won’t ever
be abandoned again.” After winning hearts at Sandy’s office, CiCi has been approved for adopting and will soon
leave for her new life. Sandy and her fellow rescuers are trying their best to find her the perfect family to love her公众号：黑洞视角
and treat her with the respect all living creatures deserve!
47．What did Sandy feel it hard to overcome?
A．The casual humanity. B．The cruelty of humanity.
C．The kind human nature. D．The weakness of kindness.
48．How was the dog’s condition when first found?
A．She suffered a serious illness.
B．She had nothing to eat or drink.
C．She got lost far away from home.
D．She was scared and in poor health.
49．What will be CiCi’s probable future life?
A．She will stop taking medicine.
B．She will continue further treatment.
C．She will have a perfect match for home.
D．She will get on well with Sandy forever.
50．What can be the best title of this passage?
A．A Warm Home for CiCi
B．Dog Saved Heart Fulfilled
C．A Terrible Experience of CiCi
D．Saving Dogs Saving Themselves
【答案】47．B 48．D 49．C 50．B
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。丢失爱犬的Sandy成立了“洛根的遗产”帮助其他需要帮助的宠物，本文讲
述了Sandy和朋友救助小狗Cici并帮助她找新家的故事。
47．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“No matter how many times Sandy has rescued an animal, she never gets
over the casual cruelty some people display toward unwanted pets.(不管桑迪救了多少只动物，她都无法摆脱一
些人对不想要的宠物的随意虐待)”可知，Sandy无法摆脱人们对于不想要宠物的随意虐待，这是一种人性
的残忍。故选B。
48．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“When her friend Tom arrived, he found a tiny dog curled(蜷缩)in a tight
ball with the chain firmly tied to a tree. Someone had left food and water for her, but the puppy was too frightened
to eat or drink. Once gathered up in a blanket and placed into the back seat of the car, she began to get weak quickly
from dehydration(脱水)and exhaustion.(当她的朋友汤姆到达时，他发现一只小狗蜷缩成一个紧紧的球，链子
牢牢地拴在树上。有人给她留了食物和水，但这只小狗太害怕了，不敢吃也不敢喝。她被包在毯子里，放
在汽车后座上，由于脱水和疲惫，她开始迅速虚弱起来)”可知，当小狗刚开始被发现时，她很害怕，身体
状况很差。故选D。
49．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“After winning hearts at Sandy’s office, CiCi has been approved for
adopting and will soon leave for her new life. Sandy and her fellow rescuers are trying their best to find her the
perfect family to love her and treat her with the respect all living creatures deserve!(在桑迪的办公室赢得人心后，公众号：黑洞视角
CiCi被批准收养，并将很快开始她的新生活。桑迪和她的同伴们正在尽最大努力为她找到一个完美的家庭
来爱她，并像对待所有生物一样尊重她)”可推知，桑迪和她的同伴们正在努力为Cici找一个有爱的家庭来
收养她，Cici未来的生活中会有一个完美的家庭。故选C。
50．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“No matter how many times Sandy has rescued an animal, she never gets
over the casual cruelty some people display toward unwanted pets. When she lost her own “angel” dog, she started
Logan’s Legacy to help other pets in need.(不管桑迪救了多少只动物，她都无法摆脱一些人对不想要的宠物的
随意虐待。当她失去了自己的“天使”狗时，她创办了“洛根的遗产”，帮助其他需要帮助的宠物)”及下
文讲述的Sandy和朋友救助小狗Cici并帮助她找新家的故事可知，本文介绍了丢失爱犬的Sandy帮助其他
需要帮助的小动物的故事，B选项“狗狗得救的心得到满足”符合本文主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选
B。
Passage 14
（23-24高二上·浙江绍兴·期末）It is difficult to name a female architect more iconic than Zaha Hadid,
whose name can be translated from Arabic as glorious. She passed away five years ago at the age of 65, but the
impact she has left on the world of architecture is profound.
Hadid was born into an upper-class Iraqi family in 1950. At the very beginning, she wanted to become a
mathematician and studied science at the American University of Beirut, But at some point she realized that she
preferred shapes to numbers. And she turned her concentration to architecture and went to London where she met
the famous Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas.
“There are 360 degrees, so why stick to one?” Hadid once said. Despite her abundance of amazing ideas,
before the beginning of the 90s, not a single building based on her blueprints had been built. Her highly expressive
style, while initially criticized and believed to be crazy, is now regarded as pioneering work. Her striking
contemporary architecture, inspired by natural landforms, has graced the skylines of major metropolitan cities.
“Women are always being told, ‘you’re not going to make it; It’s too difficult. You can’t do that Don’t enter
this competition; You’ll never win it’,” Hadid said. “They need confidence in themselves and people around them
for support.”
Never one to be boxed in by conventions, Hadid proved society wrong. She received her first prize, the
“Gold Medal Architectural Design” for her British Architecture in 1982. From then on, the awards kept rolling in.
But the true triumph for Hadid came in 2004. Her project for the London Olympics Aquatic Center won her the
Pritzker Architecture Prize. She became the first woman and first Muslim to earn the award, making a name for
herself and paving the way for female architects.
Hadid’s genius lives on in the array of many other spectacular buildings she has left behind in the world.
Among them are the Guangzhou Opera House, the Beijing Daxing International Airport, as well as the Al Wakrah
Stadium in Qatar where the 2022 FIFA World Cup will be held.
Hadid may be gone, but her global influence on a new generation of female architects is here to stay.
51．What made Hadid quit science to learn architecture?
A．Her talent in architecture.
B．Her interest in architecture.
C．Her difficulty in learning science.公众号：黑洞视角
D．Her encounter with Rem Koolhaas.
52．What can we learn about Hadid’s works?
A．Her architecture was inspired by mathematics
B．Her British Architecture won her the Pritzker Architecture Prize.
C．Her architecture style was too bold to be accepted at the very beginning.
D．Her works can only be found in European countries and the Middle East.
53．What does paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．The talk between Hadid and her colleague.
B．The reason why women fail to be architects.
C．The prejudice from society against women.
D．The difficulty Hadid faced being an architect.
54．What is the most profound impact Hadid has left on the world?
A．She formed a unique style.
B．She broke away from the convention.
C．She received various architecture awards
D．She encouraged other women architects.
【答案】51．B 52．C 53．C 54．D
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了已故女性建筑师哈·哈迪德(Zaha Hadid)的生平，作品及伟大的影响。
51．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But at some point she realized that she preferred shapes to numbers. And
she turned her concentration to architecture and went to London where she met the famous Dutch architect Rem
Koolhaas.(但在某种程度上，她意识到自己更喜欢形状而不是数字。她把注意力转向了建筑，并去了伦敦，
在那里她遇到了著名的荷兰建筑师雷姆·库哈斯)”可知，Hadid放弃科学学习建筑是由于她发现自己对建筑
感兴趣。故选B。
52．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Despite her abundance of amazing ideas, before the beginning of the 90s,
not a single building based on her blueprints had been built. Her highly expressive style, while initially criticized
and believed to be crazy, is now regarded as pioneering work.(尽管她有很多令人惊叹的想法，但在90年代初之
前，没有一座建筑是根据她的蓝图建造的。她高度表达的风格，虽然最初被批评和认为是疯狂的，现在被
认为是开创性的工作)”可知，Hadid的作品在一开始由于风格过于大胆，让人难以接受。故选C。
53．主旨大意题。根据文章第四段““Women are always being told, ‘you’re not going to make it; It’s too
difficult. You can’t do that Don’t enter this competition; You’ll never win it’,” Hadid said. “They need confidence
in themselves and people around them for support.”(“女性总是被告知，‘你不会成功的；太难了。你不能那
样做，不要参加这个比赛；你永远也赢不了。”哈迪德说。“她们需要对自己和周围的人有信心，以获得
支持。”)”可知，这一段主要讲述了社会对妇女的偏见。故选C。
54．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“She became the first woman and first Muslim to earn the award,
making a name for herself and paving the way for female architects.(她成为第一位获得该奖项的女性和第一位
穆斯林，为自己赢得了声誉，并为女性建筑师铺平了道路)”及最后一段“Hadid may be gone, but her global公众号：黑洞视角
influence on a new generation of female architects is here to stay.(哈迪德可能已经离开了，但她对新一代女性
建筑师的全球影响力将继续存在)”可推知，Hadid留下的最深远的影响在于她的故事鼓励了其他女性建筑师
追求自己的梦想。故选D。
Passage 15
（22-23高二下·安徽芜湖·期末）The tea that has delighted and fascinated the world for thousands of years
has finally received top-level global recognition as a shared cultural treasure of mankind. China’s traditional tea-
making was added on Tuesday to the intangible cultural heritage list of UNESCO.
The traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China consist of knowledge,
skills and practices concerning the management of tea plantations, picking of tea leaves, manual( 手 工
的)processing, drinking and sharing of tea. Since ancient times, Chinese people have been planting, picking,
making and drinking tea. Tea producers have developed six categories of tea: green, yellow, dark, white, oolong
and black teas. Together with reprocessed teas, such as flower-scented teas, there are over 2, 000 tea products in
China.
Tea-related customs are not only found across the country, but also influence the rest of the world through
the ancient Silk Road and trade routes. Tea is ubiquitous in Chinese people’s daily life, as steeped(浸泡)or boiled
tea is served in families, workplaces, tea houses, restaurants and temples, etc. It is also an important part of
socialization and ceremonies such as weddings and sacrifices. The practice of greeting guests and building
relationships within families and among neighbors through tea- related activities is common to multiple ethnic
groups, providing a sense of shared identity and continuity for the communities.
In China, 44 registered national-level intangible cultural heritage entries are related to tea. There are over 40
vocational colleges and 80 universities that have set up majors in tea science or tea culture, resulting in over 3,000
graduates specializing in tea production and art every year, according to the ministry.
China now has 43 items on the intangible cultural heritage list, continuing to be the most enlisted country in
the world.
55．What can be learnt from the passage?
A．Chinese producers developed 44 categories of tea.
B．Tea is quite popular with people all over the country.
C．More than 2,000 tea products could be found in China.
D．There’ re about 300 graduates specializing in tea production every year.
56．What does the underlined word “ubiquitous” probably mean?
A．rare B．common C．temporary D．available
57．How does the author emphasize the promotion of tea culture in Paragraph 4?
A．By listing figures. B．By making definitions.
C．By giving examples. D．By making comparisons.
58．In which kind of book may this text appear?
A．A textbook. B．A travel journal.
C．A story book. D．A cultural magazine.公众号：黑洞视角
【答案】55．C 56．B 57．A 58．D
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。中国传统文化——茶道被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录，文章
介绍了中国茶叶产品种类和传统加工工艺及相关茶文化等。
55．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Together with reprocessed teas, such as flower-scented teas, there are over
2, 000 tea products in China.(再加上花茶等再加工茶叶，中国有2000多种茶叶产品)”可知，在中国可以找到
2000多种茶叶产品。故选C。
56．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“as steeped(浸泡)or boiled tea is served in families, workplaces, tea houses,
restaurants and temples, etc. It is also an important part of socialization and ceremonies such as weddings and
sacrifices.(泡茶或煮茶在家庭、工作场所、茶馆、餐馆和寺庙等场所都有供应。它也是社交和婚礼、祭祀等
仪式的重要组成部分)”可推知，茶在中国人每日生活中是常见的，划线词与common意思相近。故选B。
57．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In China, 44 registered national-level intangible cultural heritage entries are
related to tea. There are over 40 vocational colleges and 80 universities that have set up majors in tea science or tea
culture, resulting in over 3,000 graduates specializing in tea production and art every year, according to the
ministry.(在中国，有44个国家级非物质文化遗产项目与茶有关。据该部称，有40多所职业院校和80多所
大学开设了茶学或茶文化专业，每年有3000多名专业从事茶叶生产和艺术的毕业生)”可知，本段通过列数
字来强调茶文化的推广。故选A。
58．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The tea that has delighted and fascinated the world for thousands of years
has finally received top-level global recognition as a shared cultural treasure of mankind. China’s traditional tea-
making was added on Tuesday to the intangible cultural heritage list of UNESCO.(几千年来一直令世界欣喜和着
迷的茶终于作为人类共同的文化瑰宝获得了全球顶级的认可。周二，中国传统的茶道被列入联合国教科文
组织非物质文化遗产名录)”及全文内容可知，本文介绍了中国传统文化——茶道被列入联合国教科文组织
非物质文化遗产名录，同时介绍了中国茶叶产品种类和传统加工工艺及相关茶文化等，因此，本文可能出
自一本文化杂志。故选D。
Passage 16
（23-24高二上·黑龙江鸡西·期末）I played on the high school basketball team. I played the ball before
the game started, and then sat on the bench (长凳) cheering for guys who were actually going to play in the game.
When we won, I hugged (拥抱) my teammates.
I enjoyed that. But I didn’t know how my dad felt about my role. I imagined it was hard for him. Dad was a
gifted athlete. And my older brothers were sports stars at college. I was not sure how he felt about going to games
to watch his son SIT. Still, Dad was always there in his suit and tie. After the game, he’d come up to me, smile,
shake my hand and say “Good game!”, even though I did nothing to make the game good. It changed until the last
game of the season.
It was a great day for our team — we were up by about 20 with two minutes left. The coach suddenly looked
towards me and said, “Walker! You’re in!” The next two minutes seemed not real to me. I remember running up
and down the field a few times. When someone started counting down the last seconds, my teammate passed the
ball to me. I heard guys on the bench shouting “Shoot (投篮)!” as I faced the basket and shot. We won. But then I
didn’t know what to do. I was unprepared for a time when I had hit a last second shot. Naturally, I looked for Dad.公众号：黑洞视角
He was there, smiling at me as he always did.
Whether good times or bad, Dad was always there to smile, to support and to love. Now I’m in my 50s with
a teenage basketball player in my family. I keep trying to be there, no matter what, because I know what it can
mean.
59．What was the author’s role?
A．He was a green hand. B．He gave players suggestions.
C．He was a fan of the basketball team. D．He replaced those who couldn’t play.
60．How did the author feel after he scored?
A．Lost. B．Tired. C．Calm. D．Encouraged.
61．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．A Sports-Loving Family B．A Successful Basketball Match
C．Dad Always Being There D．Dad Helping Me Succeed
【答案】59．D 60．A 61．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者高中时是篮球队的替补队员，父亲总是在场外陪伴着作者，永
远支持着作者。
59．细节理解题。根据第一段“I played the ball before the game started, and then sat on the bench (长凳)
cheering for guys who were actually going to play in the game.(比赛开始前我先打球，然后坐在替补席上为那
些真正要上场比赛的球员加油)”可知，作者的角色是替换了那些不能打球的人。故选D。
60．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“I heard guys on the bench shouting “Shoot (投篮)!” as I faced the basket
and shot. We won. But then I didn’t know what to do.(当我面对篮筐投篮时，我听到板凳上的人喊着“投
篮！”。我们赢了。但我不知道该怎么做)”可知，作者进球后感到迷茫。故选A。
61．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Whether good times or bad, Dad was always there to smile, to support and to
love. Now I’m in my 50s with a teenage basketball player in my family. I keep trying to be there, no matter what,
because I know what it can mean.(无论是顺境还是逆境，爸爸总是在那里微笑，支持和爱。现在我50多岁了，
家里有个十几岁的篮球运动员。无论发生什么，我都会努力去那里，因为我知道那意味着什么)”可知，C
选项“爸爸总是在那里”最符合文章标题。故选C。
Passage 17
（22-23高二下·安徽芜湖·期末）If you want to fill your shelves with the best books of all time, you’re in
the right place.
Where the Sidewalk Ends by Shel Silverstein (1974)
The imagination of Shel Silverstein is on full display in this classic collection of short stories and poems.
The book is truly one of the best poetry books of all time because of its staying power for children. The stories of
this American poet, author, singer and folk artist have something for everyone.
Anna Karenina by Leo Tolstoy (1878)
Most critics regard it as one of the most typical literary love stories. The author’s Russian tale of unfortunate
lovers is filled with fascinating quotes like, “He stepped down, trying not to look long at her, as if she were the sun,公众号：黑洞视角
yet he saw her, like the sun, even without looking.” This one belongs on any book collector’s shelf.
The Little Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupery (1943)
It is a timeless tale of a prince’s journey in search of adventure. What he finds, however, are interactions with
adults who leave him so upset. It’s one of the most appealing short books we’ve ever read and also one of the most
widely read children’s classics all over the world.
The Shining by Stephen King (1977)
The master of mystery must be included in any list of books you should read in a lifetime. That’s why you
will find it here. Horror fans take note: This is one of the scariest and best Stephen King books of all time.
62．In which book can we read about unfortunate lovers?
A．Anna Karenina. B．The Shining.
C．The Little Prince. D．Where the Sidewalk Ends.
63．Which writer is good at telling a timeless journey of adventure?
A．Shel Silverstein. B．Stephen King.
C．Antoine de Saint-Exupery. D．Leo Tolstoy.
64．What do Where the Sidewalk Ends and The Shining have in common?
A．They are both novels.
B．They are both for children.
C．They are both about adults.
D．They were both written in the 1970s.
【答案】62．A 63．C 64．D
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章推荐了适合放在书架上的几本好书。
62．细节理解题。根据Anna Karenina中关键句“The author’s Russian tale of unfortunate lovers is filled with
fascinating quotes like, “He stepped down, trying not to look long at her, as if she were the sun, yet he saw her, like
the sun, even without looking.”(作者写的关于不幸恋人的俄罗斯故事充满了迷人的语录，比如，“他走下楼
梯，尽量不去看她，就好像她是太阳一样，但他甚至不看她，就像太阳一样看到了她。”)”可知，《安娜·
卡列尼娜》这本书讲述了不幸恋人的故事。故选A。
63．细节理解题。根据The Little Prince中关键句“It is a timeless tale of a prince’s journey in search of
adventure.(这是一个关于王子寻找冒险之旅的永恒故事)”可知，《小王子》讲述了一个永恒的冒险之旅的故
事，作者是Antoine de Saint-Exupery。故选C。
64．细节理解题。根据Where the Sidewalk Ends的写作时间：1974及The Shining的写作时间：1977可知，
这两本书的共同点是它们都写于20世纪70年代（1970s）。故选D。
Passage 18
（23-24高二上·贵州黔西·期末）These days, more and more people go to the gym to work out. But with so
many gyms out there, how do you know which one is the right one for you? We find some information about the
best gyms in New York City so you can have a better idea of what each gym offers.
New York Sports Club公众号：黑洞视角
Initiation Fees: Neighborhood membership, $49.99; Passport membership, $49.99.
Membership Costs: Neighborhood membership, $44.99 a month; Passport membership, $ 99.99 a month.
Additional Fees: Neighborhood membership, $49.99 a year; Passport membership, S 49.99 a year.
Locations: Locations in all five boroughs.
Classes: Studio classes, athletic conditioning, boxing, kickboxing and yoga.
Planet Fitness
Initiation Fees (入会费): Regular membership, $5; Black Card membership, no initiation fee. Membership
Costs: Regular membership is $10 a month and includes free fitness training and free wifi. Black Card membership
is $ 22.99 a month and includes access to all Planet Fitness locations, free fitness training, free wifi, half-priced
cooler drinks and worldwide travel deals.
Additional Fees: $39 membership fee a year.
Locations: Locations in all five boroughs (区).
Classes: None.
Chelsea Piers
Initiation Fees: Call to request.
Membership Costs: For a specific gym, varies by location.
Locations: Chelsea and Brooklyn.
Classes: Strength and conditioning, cycling and yoga.
24 Hour Fitness
Initiation Fees: $0 on select memberships.
Membership Costs: $79.99 for Ultra Sport.
Locations: Midtown and Madison Square Park.
Classes: Studio classes, free weights, group cycling and personal training.
65．What can you do in 24 Hour Fitness?
A．Boxing. B．Yoga. C．Free weights. D．Athletic conditioning.
66．How much must a regular member of Planet Fitness pay for the initiation fee?
A．$39. B．$5. C．$10. D．$22.99.
67．What is special about Chelsea Piers?
A．It has no initiation fee.
B．Its membership costs depend on its location.
C．Its gyms can be found in all five boroughs.
D．Its black card members can enjoy half-priced drinks.
【答案】65．C 66．B 67．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了一些最好的健身房的信息。
65．细节理解题。根据24 Hour Fitness部分的“Classes: Studio classes, free weights, group cycling and
personal training. (课程：工作室课程，自由举重，团体自行车和个人训练。)”可知，24 Hour Fitness中有自
由举重课程。故选C。公众号：黑洞视角
66．细节理解题。根据Planet Fitness部分的“Initiation Fees (入会费): Regular membership, $5; Black Card
membership, no initiation fee. (入会费用：普通会员5美元；黑卡会员，免入会费。)”可知，Planet Fitness的
普通会员支付入会费5美元。故选B。
67．细节理解题。根据Chelsea Piers部分的“Membership Costs: For a specific gym, varies by location. (会员
费用：对于特定的健身房，因地点而异。)”可知，Chelsen Picr的特别之处在于会员费用取决于它的地点。
故选B。
Passage 19
（23-24高二上·江苏宿迁·期末）The opening of California’s commercial crab season, which normally
starts in November, is delayed once again to protect whales searching for their prey (猎物) along the coast.
California has been affected by a marine heat wave since May. The Blob, as this mass of warm water has
become known, is squeezing cooler water preferred by whales and their prey close to shore, where fishermen set
their traps. This crowding can lead to tangle (缠结) between whales and fishing equipment, endangering the
animals’ lives and requiring rescue missions.
In a new study, scientists say they can now use global temperature models, commonly used in climate
science, to predict up to a year in advance when hot ocean temperatures raise the risk of tangles between whales
and fishing equipment.The tool analyzed in the new study, called the Habitat Compression Index, works by feeding
sea-surface temperature measurements into an equation (方程式) that estimates the likelihood of whale habitat
shrinking closer to shore.Regulators and fishermen agree that the new forecasting research could help them walk
the tightrope between protecting whales and protecting local livelihoods (生计).
Mr Ogg, a commercial fishing boat captain, describes himself as a conservationist who doesn’t want to see
whales harmed.“Fishermen have a big motivation to protect the natural environment,” he said, “because that’s
where they make their living.” Previously, the challenge was adapting to changing conditions and fishing
regulations on short notice, especially for smaller business owners and their crews.“One of the biggest problems we
had was the unpredictability,” Mr Ogg said, “We were living from week to week then.”
Though scientists have shown the Habitat Compression Index can now forecast months in advance, state
officials would probably wait to see conditions in real time before making decisions about the crab fishery, said
Ryan Bartling, an environmental scientist at the California Department of Fish and Wildlife.
68．What do the whales come to shore for according to the first two paragraphs?
A．Safety. B．Shelter. C．Leisure. D．Food.
69．What does the underlined phrase “walk the tightrope” probably mean?
A．To take a risk. B．To join in an act.
C．To strike a balance. D．To walk on a rope.
70．What’s the state officials’ attitude towards the tool in the study?
A．Supportive. B．Indifferent. C．Cautious. D．Pessimistic.
71．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．How climate data gives whales room to swim
B．What causes the decrease in whale population公众号：黑洞视角
C．Why global temperature models are in great need
D．Whether to protect whales or the local livelihoods
【答案】68．D 69．C 70．C 71．A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要围绕加利福尼亚州商业捕蟹季的推迟展开以保护沿海岸寻找猎物
的鲸鱼，介绍了推迟的原因、影响以及相关的科学研究和观点。
68．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“California has been affected by a marine heat wave since May. The Blob, as
this mass of warm water has become known, is squeezing cooler water preferred by whales and their prey close to
shore, where fishermen set their traps.(自5月以来，加州一直受到海洋热浪的影响。这团温暖的海水被人们
所熟知，它正在挤压鲸鱼和它们的猎物喜欢的靠近海岸的较冷的海水，渔民在那里设置陷阱。)”可知，鲸
鱼来到靠近海岸的地方是因为它们的猎物来到了靠近海岸的较冷的海水中。故选D。
69．词句猜测题。根据划线单词上一句“The tool analyzed in the new study, called the Habitat Compression
Index, works by feeding sea-surface temperature measurements into an equation (方程式) that estimates the
likelihood of whale habitat shrinking closer to shore.(这项新研究中分析的工具被称为“栖息地压缩指数”，它
的工作原理是将海面温度测量值输入一个方程式，该方程可以估计鲸鱼栖息地在靠近海岸的地方缩小的可
能性。)”可知，这种计算方式可以估计鲸鱼栖息地在靠近海岸的地方缩小的可能性，这样的话，渔民就可
以不伤害鲸鱼，从而在维持生计和保护鲸鱼之间“取得平衡”。选项A“To take a risk (冒险)”；选项B“To
join in an act (参加一项行动)”；选项C“To strike a balance (取得平衡)”；选项D“To walk on a rope (在绳子上
行走)”。故选C。
70．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Though scientists have shown the Habitat Compression Index can now
forecast months in advance, state officials would probably wait to see conditions in real time before making
decisions about the crab fishery, said Ryan Bartling, an environmental scientist at the California Department of Fish
and Wildlife.(加州鱼类和野生动物部的环境科学家Ryan Bartling说，尽管科学家们已经证明，栖息地压缩
指数现在可以提前几个月预测，但州政府官员可能会等到实时看到情况后再对螃蟹渔业做出决定。)”可知，
虽然科学家们已经证明栖息地压缩指数现在可以提前几个月预测，但是州政府官员可能会等到实时看到情
况后再对螃蟹渔业做出决定。由此可知，州政府官员对这项研究中的工具抱有谨慎的态度。故选C。
71．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“In a new study, scientists say they can now use global temperature models,
commonly used in climate science, to predict up to a year in advance when hot ocean temperatures raise the risk of
tangles between whales and fishing equipment. The tool analyzed in the new study, called the Habitat Compression
Index, works by feeding sea-surface temperature measurements into an equation (方程式) that estimates the
likelihood of whale habitat shrinking closer to shore. Regulators and fishermen agree that the new forecasting
research could help them walk the tightrope between protecting whales and protecting local livelihoods (生计).
(在一项新的研究中，科学家们表示，他们现在可以使用气候科学中常用的全球温度模型，提前一年预测炎
热的海洋温度会增加鲸鱼和捕鱼设备之间缠结的风险。这项新研究中分析的工具被称为“栖息地压缩指
数”，它的工作原理是将海面温度测量值输入一个方程式，该方程可以估计鲸鱼栖息地在靠近海岸的地方
缩小的可能性。监管机构和渔民一致认为，新的预测研究可以帮助他们在保护鲸鱼和保护当地生计之间走
钢丝。)”可知，文章主要讲述的是科学家们利用收集到的气候数据，预测鲸鱼和捕鱼设备之间缠结的风险，公众号：黑洞视角
从而保护了鲸鱼。故选A。
Passage 20
（23-24高二上·广东茂名·期末）In the United States, most of our electricity comes from power plants(发
电厂) that burn coal and oil.
There are two big problems with using these things for electricity. First. their supply is limited(有限的).
Second, burning them causes pollution. So to make sure we always have power and to keep our planet clean, we
must find other ways to make electricity.
Some people think that wind power is our best choice. First, there will always be more wind. Also, wind
power does not pollute the environment. Best of all, we don’t have to search for wind.
Today, less than 1 percent of our electricity comes from wind. But scientists have been developing better wind
machines. As a result, wind power is getting more popular in this country.
Yet wind power may not keep growing so quickly in years to come. Why not? Many wind turbines(风力涡轮
机)are needed to make much electricity. So wind-power companies try to build wind farms but are competing(竞
争)with other uses for the land. A wind farm is a group of turbines placed close together in an area with frequent
winds.
In places where companies try to build wind farms, people think that lines of turbines are ugly. Noise from
turbines often troubles people. Also, turbines kill birds that fly into them.
Wind-power supporters disagree. They think the sight of wind turbines is lovely. They point out that people
have gotten used to living near noisy highways. They say ways can be found to keep birds away from turbines.
In today’s world, we need clean and unlimited power sources more than ever. Unless a better power source
comes along, people may just have to accept wind power as a part of their lives.
72．The underlined part “these things” in the second paragraph refers to _______.
A．frequent winds. B．coal and oil.
C．power plants. D．wind turbines.
73．What does the third paragraph mainly discuss?
A．How wind power works.
B．How wind power was found.
C．The development of wind power.
D．The advantages of wind power.
74．Why may wind power not keep growing so quickly in the future?
A．It is very expensive to build lots of wind turbines.
B．It is difficult to improve the wind power technology.
C．There are few people who accept it as a new power source.
D．Many wind turbines are needed and there is less space for them.
75．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．The Power of Wind. B．The Role of Wind.
C．The Cost of Wind Power. D．The History of Wind Power.公众号：黑洞视角
【答案】72．B 73．D 74．D 75．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了风力发电的优缺点。
72．指代猜测题。根据第一段的“In the United States, most of our electricity comes from power plants that
burn coal and oil. (在美国，我们的大部分电力来自燃烧煤炭和石油的发电厂。)”可知，煤炭和石油主要供应
美国用电，再根据第二段的“There are two big problems with using these things for electricity. (用这些东西
发电有两个大问题。)”可知，these things指的是煤炭和石油，故选B。
73．主旨大意题。根据第三段的“Some people think that wind power is our best choice. First, there will always
be more wind. Also, wind power does not pollute the environment. Best of all, we don’t have to search for wind.
(有人认为风力发电是我们最好的选择。首先，总会有更多的风。此外，风力发电不会污染环境。最重要的
是，我们不必寻找风。)”可知，第三段主要讲述风力发电的优点，故选D。
74．推理判断题。根据第五段的“Yet wind power may not keep growing so quickly in years to come. Why not?
Many wind turbines are needed to make much electricity. So wind-power companies try to build wind farms but are
competing with other uses for the land. (然而，在未来几年，风力发电可能不会快速地持续增长。为什么不能
呢？需要许多风力涡轮机来产生大量电力。因此，风力发电公司试图建造风电场，但需要与土地的其他用
途进行竞争。)”可知，需要很多风力涡轮机来发电并且能用来建造风电场的场地并不多，所以未来风力发
电可能不会快速地持续增长，故选D。
75．主旨大意题。根据第二段的“So to make sure we always have power and to keep our planet clean, we must
find other ways to make electricity. (因此，为了确保我们始终拥有电力并保持地球清洁，我们必须找到其他
方法来发电。)”及第三段的“Some people think that wind power is our best choice. (有人认为风力发电是我们
最好的选择。)”及第六段的“In places where companies try to build wind farms, people think that lines of
turbines are ugly. Noise from turbines often troubles people. Also, turbines kill birds that fly into them. (在那些公
司试图建造风电场的地方，人们认为涡轮机的线条很丑陋。涡轮机发出的噪音经常打扰人们。此外，涡轮
机会杀死飞入其中的鸟类。)”可知，文章主要介绍了风力发电的优缺点，所以文章的标题应为“风力发
电”，故选A。
