热点话题02 数字化转型与就业重构
一、主题解析
“数字化转型与就业重构”这一主题在英语课程标准中是关于 “人与社会” 主题语境下 “科技
发展与社会进步” 的核心子话题。其核心内涵是数字技术对产业形态、商业模式的全方位渗透，以及由
此引发的就业市场结构调整、职业技能需求变革与劳动力适应策略等议题。高考阅读中常通过企业转型
案例、就业市场报告、政策分析等文本考查该主题，重点检测考生对科技类词汇、逻辑关系及社会现象
的理解能力。
二、句子积累
1. 阅读必备词块
（1）核心概念
digital transformation 数字化转型
job re-creation 就业再创造
restructuring of the job 岗位重构
workforce transformation 劳动力转型
digital economy 数字经济
technological disruption 技术颠覆
societal adaptation 社会适应
labor market restructuring 劳动力市场重组
digital revolution 数字革命
employment landscape 就业格局
（2）技术相关
AI (Artificial Intelligence) 人工智能
AI-driven technologies 人工智能驱动的技术
AI-powered systems 人工智能驱动的系统
cloud computing 云计算
Internet of Things (IoT) 物联网
data-driven decision making 数据驱动的决策
digital technologies 数字技术
cybersecurity 网络安全
collaborative tools 协作工具
project management platforms 项目管理平台
streaming platforms 流媒体平台
digital devices 数字设备
virtual teams 虚拟团队
（3）就业变革
job losses 失业
layoffs 裁员
job reassignments 岗位重分配
skilled workforce 技能型劳动力
digital literacy 数字素养
reskilling 技能再培训
话题资源
upskilling 技能提升
remote work 远程工作
telemedicine 远程医疗
e-commerce roles 电商岗位
customer support 客户支持
talent development 人才培养
career transition 职业转型
（4）行动策略
embrace new technologies 拥抱新技术
optimize performance 优化性能
streamline supply chains 精简供应链
analyze data 分析数据
engage audience 吸引受众
personalize experience 个性化体验
secure data 保护数据
invest in training 投资培训
adapt to changes 适应变化
innovate business models 创新商业模式
enhance digital skills 提升数字技能
facilitate teamwork 促进团队合作
tailor marketing campaigns 定制营销活动
safeguard transactions 保障交易安全
rebuild finances 重建财务状况
shore up enterprises 支撑企业发展
2. 常见句式
（1）现象描述
Digital transformation refers to the integration of digital technologies into all aspects of business and society.（数
字化转型指将数字技术融入商业和社会的各个层面。）
The slow pace of job re-creation is primarily the result of consumers and companies rebuilding their finances.
（就业再创造速度缓慢主要是消费者和企业重建财务状况的结果。）
Streaming platforms like Netflix have transformed the entertainment industry fundamentally.（像网飞这样的流
媒体平台从根本上改变了娱乐行业。）
Remote work trends have become the norm with the development of digital tools.（随着数字工具的发展，远程
工作趋势已成为常态。）
The corporate restructuring of recent years has squeezed out many traditional jobs.（近年来的企业重组淘汰了
许多传统岗位。）
（2）影响分析
AI-powered systems are reducing labor demands in manufacturing and customer service.（人工智能驱动的系统
正在降低制造业和客户服务领域的劳动力需求。）
The restructuring of the civil service led to job losses for many public sector workers.（公务员体系的重组导致
许多公职人员失业。）
Data analytics helps businesses tailor services but requires new skill sets from employees.（数据分析帮助企业
定制服务，但需要员工掌握新技能。）
Technological disruption forces traditional enterprises to adapt or face decline.（技术颠覆迫使传统企业适应，
否则将面临衰退。）
Digital literacy has become essential for navigating both work and daily life.（数字素养已成为应对工作和日常
生活的必备能力。）
The company's restructure led to layoffs and job reassignments for many employees.（公司的重组导致许多员工
被裁员和重新分配岗位。）
Cyber security risks have grown as businesses rely more on digital systems.（随着企业更依赖数字系统，网络
安全风险也在增加。）
（3）应对措施
Businesses need to invest in training programs for coding and data analysis skills.（企业需要投资编程和数据分
析技能的培训项目。）
Employees must upskill continuously to remain relevant in the digital era.（员工必须持续提升技能，才能在数
字时代保持竞争力。）
Companies are optimizing their online presence to improve customer experience.（企业正在优化线上布局以提
升客户体验。）
Governments should support reskilling initiatives for workers affected by automation.（政府应支持为受自动化
影响的工人提供技能再培训项目。）
Organizations are adopting omnichannel strategies to ensure service consistency.（企业正在采用全渠道策略以
确保服务的一致性。）
Collaborative tools like Slack facilitate seamless teamwork among remote staff.（像 Slack 这样的协作工具促
进了远程员工间的顺畅协作。）
Enterprises are innovating payment methods to meet digital consumer demands.（企业正在创新支付方式以满
足数字消费者的需求。）
Schools should integrate digital skills training into their curriculum.（学校应将数字技能培训纳入课程体
系。）
（4）观点陈述
Disruption is like a sudden wave changing the shoreline, and adaptation is learning to surf it.（颠覆就像改变海
岸线的突浪，而适应就是学会冲浪。）
Workforce transformation is similar to going back to school for future job skills.（劳动力转型好比为未来工作
技能重返校园学习。）
Digital transformation thrives on innovation rather than mere technology adoption.（数字化转型依赖创新，而
非单纯的技术应用。）
The key to surviving digital disruption lies in proactive adaptation, not resistance.（在数字颠覆中生存的关键在
于主动适应，而非抵制。）
Personalization has become the core competitiveness in e-commerce and service industries.（个性化已成为电商
和服务行业的核心竞争力。）
Ethical issues in AI development cannot be ignored amid rapid technological progress.（在技术快速发展中，人
工智能发展中的伦理问题不容忽视。）
（5）案例说明
Ride-sharing apps like Uber disrupted traditional taxi services completely.（像优步这样的网约车应用彻底颠覆
了传统出租车服务。）
Corus admitted that restructuring would involve thousands of jobs at stake.（科鲁斯公司承认重组将涉及数千
个岌岌可危的岗位。）
A food giant cut thousands of jobs and shut plants during its digital restructuring.（一家食品巨头在数字化重组
期间裁员数千人并关闭了多家工厂。）
Chatbots provide instant customer support, reducing wait times significantly.（聊天机器人提供即时客户支持，
大幅缩短了等待时间。）
The bank's restructuring plan will reassign staff to strategic support units.（该银行的重组计划将把员工重新分
配到战略支持部门。）
Zoom and Asana have become indispensable tools for remote workforces.（Zoom 和 Asana 已成为远程劳动
力不可或缺的工具。）
1
In the past 12 months, the tech industry has laid off 200,000 workers. Meanwhile, debates around the
artificial intelligence platform ChatGPT raised awareness that machines can write code, too. So is what we’ve
been telling our kids about safe jobs all wrong?
Parental panic would be premature. The massive job cuts mainly result from the fact that companies hired
too many employees in previous years. These cuts are just a mild adjustment. Most of the cut roles are in sales and
marketing, not programming. And if the tech companies’ arms race for computer science graduates is easing, other
previously disadvantaged sectors — from engineering to media and finance — will be happy to pick up the spare
突破演练
talent.
The need for software will only grow. Robotics, automation, and the digitization of even everyday products
will require a lot more code. Many old systems need replacing. And the focus now shifts to how efficiently we can
meet it.
Copilot is a kind of super-smart autocomplete function for coding from Microsoft. Coders write a prompt
on what they’re aiming to do and Copilot suggests lines of code. Andrej Karpathy, a former director of AI at Tesla,
tweeted that Copilot was writing 80 percent of his code, with 80 percent accuracy. Programmers say the tool both
speeds up their work and frees them to be more creative.
Though tech advances are also opening coding to non-specialists, those who understand coding from the
start will still be needed — especially to oversee AI and correct any machine-generated mistakes. The US Bureau
of Labor Statistics predicts US employment among “programmers”, narrowly defined, will fall 10 percent over
the next decade, but sees the number of software developers, including those responsible for planning, quality
assurance, testing and integration, rising by a quarter.
It is good if automation makes the best IT brains more efficient. Computers taking over more technical
work as humans move up to a higher level of abstraction has been happening since the dawn of computing. For
the graduates of today, that means coding is still a good place to start.
1．What is the main reason for the recent layoffs in the tech industry?
A．Over-hiring in previous years.
B．The end of the arms race for computer talents.
C．A shortage of funds for sales and marketing.
D．A shift in the companies’ business focus.
2．Which roles are most affected by the recent tech layoffs?
A．Coders.
B．Salesmen.
C．Engineers.
D．Finance managers.
3．What is the primary function of Microsoft’s Copilot?
A．Managing programming projects.
B．Automatic coding based on prompts.
C．Teaching beginners coding skills.
D．Providing code-correction services.
4．Which would be the best title for the text?
A．The Development of the Tech Industry
B．The Role of AI in Software Development
C．The Coding of AI: New Threats to Human Coders
D．The Future of Coding: Safe Jobs in the Age of AI
2
Approximately 27% of jobs are at high risk of automation amid the artificial intelligence revolution,
according to a news report.
The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD), a global policy forum that
includes 38 members, said in a Tuesday report that high-skill occupations are still at least risk of automation.
Low-to-middle skilled jobs are most at risk, including construction, farming, fishing, forestry and, to a
lesser extent, production and transportation, the report said. The report said that while adoption of AI is still
relatively low, rapid progress, falling technology costs and the increasing availability of workers with Al skills
suggest that OECD countries may be on the edge of an AI revolution.
The OECD also found that there is little evidence of negative employment effects for firms that adopt AI so
far, and workers and employees report that AI can reduce tedious and dangerous tasks, which works are dreaming
to get rid of.
Nevertheless, concerns about AI in the workforce continue to spread, with the survey last year finding that
three in five workers are worried about losing their job to AI within the next decade. Additionally, a similar
amount worry that wages would decrease due to AI, more than half of workers are concerned about privacy and
three in four say that AI has increased work pace. Rapid development and adoption mean that new skills will be
needed and others will become old-fashioned, advising that governments encourage employers to provide more
training, integrate AI skills into education and support diversity in the AI workforce.
The OECD said its report highlights the “urgent need for policy action” to address AI risks in the workplace
and to ensure “accountability and transparency for employment-related decisions supported by AI”.
“The recent acceleration of generative Al-related developments and tools marks a technological watershed
with material implications in many workplaces. There is a real need to consider longer term policy frameworks on
the use of AI in the workplace and to continue to foster international cooperation to maximize the benefits while
appropriately managing the downside risks,” OECD Secretary-General Mathias Cormann said in a statement.
1．What does the underlined word “tedious” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Ridiculous.
B．Curious.
C．Influential.
D．Tiresome.
2．How can people keep pace with AI automation according to the OECD?
A．They should increase their work pace.
B．They should receive training on skills and education.
C．They should accept lower wages of old-fashioned skills.
D．They should employ more AI related tools.
3．What can we learn from the news report?
A．Governments have done a lot to deal with AI automation.
B．AI automation has many benefits for employees.
C．Most workforce are depressed to find their job taken place of by AI.
D．60% of workforce are concerned about being out of work in ten years.
4．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．AI automation puts some of the jobs at high risk.
B．AI automation will maximize its benefits in the future.
C．AI automation has made big progress and decreased costs.
D．Al automation will benefit both workforce and policy makers.
3
I instruct student teachers during their practicum (实习课) at Brooklyn College. My fellow student teaching
advisers, student teachers, and I routinely discuss if what we are teaching future educators is sufficient. We still
lose many teachers in their first two to five years of service. That tells us we need to do more to welcome new
teachers into the profession — so says Tabitha Dell’ Angelo, dean of the School of Education at the College of
New Jersey.
Dell’ Angelo believes that it’s important for new teachers to have mentors ( 导师) with whom they can
cooperate and get honest feedback and guidance. She adds that this shouldn’t be a one-way relationship. Mentors
and administrators also need to be open and encourage new ideas that young teachers may bring to the table.
“Technologies, information delivery systems, and what we think we know have always been changing,”
says Jeremy Glazer, assistant professor at Rowan University. Yet, what doesn’t change, adds Glazer, is that new
teachers will continue to need deep knowledge in their content area, the ability to think critically and
systematically, and the ability to engage students in learning. The need to be a critical consumer of information,
particularly in the era of social media, remains important.
Currently, a team of student teachers in the childhood program at Brooklyn College, are experimenting
regularly with AI tools like MagicSchool and ChatGPT to plan lessons. Student teachers at Brooklyn College also
use online resources such as Culturally Situated Design Tools to ensure that the lessons they are designing are
culturally situated. This integration of AI and other tech tools is supporting college students at Brooklyn College
to use these instructional planning aids effectively.
For these student teachers, the goal is to gain not only competency and fluency in these tools, but also the
in-demand career skills that they can highlight in their teaching career. We must prepare teachers for their first
year, while preparing new teachers for a career within a world that is different than it is now.
1．What does Dell Angelo think is essential for new teachers’ development?
A．Their relationship with fellow workmates.
B．The job content of their first year of service.
C．Professional support from experienced teachers.
D．The new ideas they have about their new career.
2．What is Glazer’s attitude to traditional teaching skills?
A．He thinks they are still important.
B．He believes they are irrelevant today.
C．He thinks of them as secondary to technology.
D．He suggests they need to be replaced by new methods.
3．Why does the author mention AI tools in paragraph 4?
A．To praise student teachers’ progress.
B．To highlight student teachers’ efforts.
C．To show the difficulties in teaching.
D．To stress the necessity of technology.
4．What is a suitable title for the text?
A．Welcoming Changes in the Classroom
B．Exploring the New Future of Education
C．Supporting New Teachers in Their Careers
D．Introducing Technology to Teacher Training
4
Artificial intelligence (AI) is no longer a science-fiction concept; it is rapidly integrating into the fabric of
our workplaces. From automated customer service chatbots to algorithms ( 算法) that analyze vast amounts of
data, AI is changing the way businesses operate. But what does this mean for the future of work?
One of the most significant impacts of AI is the potential for job displacement. Routine tasks that are rule-
based, such as data entry and some aspects of manufacturing, are at high risk of being automated. A study by
McKinsey Global Institute predicts that by 2030, up to 375 million workers globally may need to switch
occupational categories due to automation. This displacement is not limited to low-skilled jobs. Even some white-
collar professions, like certain types of financial analysis, are vulnerable ( 易受影响的) as AI algorithms can
process and analyze financial data more quickly and accurately than humans.
However, AI also has the potential to create new job opportunities. As AI systems become more
widespread, there is a growing need for professionals who can develop, maintain, and improve these technologies.
Jobs in AI research, machine learning engineering, and data science are on the rise. These new roles require a
high-level of technical skills, often in fields like computer science, mathematics, and statistics.
The challenge lies in preparing the workforce for this shift. There is a need for reskilling and upskilling
programs to help workers transition into new roles. Governments, educational institutions, and businesses must
work together to provide accessible and relevant training. For instance, some companies are already offering in-
house training programs to teach employees basic coding and data analysis skills.
In conclusion, AI is a double-edged sword for the future of work. While it poses a threat of job
displacement, it also offers the promise of new and more fulfilling career paths. The key is to manage this
transition effectively, ensuring that the benefits of AI are shared widely.
1．According to the McKinsey Global Institute’s prediction, what might happen by 2030?
A．AI will replace all human workers.
B．375 million workers will lose their jobs.
C．White-collar workers will be at full employment.
D．Numerous workers may need to change
occupations.
2．What new job opportunities does AI bring?
A．Jobs in traditional manufacturing.
B．Positions in AI-related technical fields.
C．Low-skilled customer service jobs.
D．Manual labor jobs in construction.
3．What is the key to dealing with the impact of AI on the future of work?
A．Letting the market adjust naturally.
B．Effective management of the transition.
C．Workers finding new jobs on their own. D．Banning AI development to protect jobs.
4．Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A．AI: transforming the future of work
B．AI: a threat to the future of workplace
C．Negative impact of AI on job market
D．New job opportunities created by AI
5
Recent research reveals that the adoption of generative artificial intelligence (AI) by companies in the US
has a disproportionate impact on women. According to a recent analysis, approximately 79% of the jobs lost to AI
were held by women. This difference can be due to several factors.
Women are more likely to work in industries that are highly influenced by automation, such as retail,
hospitality, and administrative support. These sectors often involve repetitive tasks that can be easily automated by
AI technologies. Consequently, women employed in these industries face a higher risk of job displacement.
Gender biases in AI algorithms (运算法则) can worsen the situation for women. AI systems are trained on
historical data, which may reflect existing gender biases in hiring and promotion practices. This can result in
biased decision-making during recruitment and performance evaluations, putting women at a disadvantage in the
workplace.
The lack of diversity in the development of AI technologies contributes to the gender difference. The
underrepresentation (代表名额不足) of women in the field of AI means that their perspectives and experiences
are not adequately considered during the design and development process. As a result, AI systems may not fully
understand or cater to the needs of women, continuously leading to gender inequalities.
To address these challenges, it is crucial to prioritize diversity and inclusion in the development and
deployment of AI technologies. This involves increasing the representation of women in AI-related fields and
ensuring diverse perspectives are considered during the design and testing phases. Additionally, companies should
actively work towards eliminating gender biases in AI algorithms and regularly assess their impact on different
demographic groups.
In conclusion, although men currently dominate the labor market, women bear a disproportionate burden
due to the adoption of generative AI. The combination of industry composition, gender biases in algorithms, and
lack of diversity in AI development contribute to this disparity. To relieve these effects, it is essential to prioritize
diversity and inclusion in AI development and address gender biases in algorithms. Only through these efforts can
we ensure that the benefits of AI are distributed equitably among all individuals, regardless of gender.
1．Why are women in the US workforce more influenced by the adoption of generative AI than men?
A．Women are less adaptable to technological changes.
B．Women have a lower level of education compared to men.
C．Women are generally less skilled in technology and AI-related fields.
D．Women are more likely to work in industries that are highly automatable.
2．Which of the following strategies can reduce the potential negative impact on women?
A．Increasing gender proportion in AI development teams.
B．Providing targeted training and programs for women and giving them more chances in AI-related fields.
C．Encouraging women to pursue careers in non-automatable industries.
D．Offering financial supports to companies that prioritize gender diversity in AI programmes.
3．Why is it important to prioritize diversity and inclusion in AI development?
A．It ensures equal opportunities for women in the workforce.
B．It promotes innovation and creativity in AI solutions.
C．It reduces the risk of biased algorithms that perpetuate gender inequalities.
D．It improves the overall performance and effectiveness of AI systems.
4．What is the main idea of the article?
A．The impact of AI on job losses in the US.
B．The role of women in AI-related fields.
C．Gender biases in AI algorithms and their effects on women.
D．Solutions to address challenges faced by women due to generative AI.
6
The use of AI in predicting the employment trends for 2025 fresh graduates has provided valuable insights
into the job market. AI analysis shows that the demand for jobs with high-tech skills is increasing. For instance, in
the field of 5G technology, jobs related to network construction, maintenance, and 5G application development
are in great need. As 5G coverage expands, more companies are developing products and services based on this
technology, thus creating numerous job opportunities.
In the healthcare industry, the combination of AI and medicine is also bringing new employment trends. AI-
assisted medical diagnosis systems are being developed and improved. This requires professionals who are
proficient in both medical knowledge and AI technology. They can help doctors analyze medical images more
accurately, predict disease development, and develop personalized treatment plans. These jobs not only demand
academic knowledge but also practical experience in the medical field.
However, the job market also poses challenges for fresh graduates. The rapid development of technology
means that skills become obsolete quickly. Graduates need to keep learning new knowledge and skills to meet the
requirements of the job market. For example, those who are good at traditional programming languages may find
their skills insufficient as new programming frameworks and languages emerge in the AI-dominated era.
Moreover, the competition in the job market is fierce. With a large number of fresh graduates entering the
market every year, standing out among them is not easy. Having internships, practical projects, and relevant
certificates can enhance their competitiveness.
1．What kind of jobs are in high demand according to AI prediction?
A．Jobs that require simple physical labor.
B．Jobs with high-tech skills.
C．Jobs in the traditional service industry.
D．Jobs that don’t need any special skills.
2．What skills are needed for jobs in the AI-assisted medical diagnosis field?
A．Only medical knowledge.
B．Only AI technology skills.
C．Both medical knowledge and AI technology skills.
D．Skills in business management.
3．Why do fresh graduates need to keep learning new knowledge and skills?
A．Because they like to learn new things.
B．Because their teachers ask them to do so.
C．Because the rapid development of technology makes skills obsolete quickly.
D．Because they want to show off their knowledge.
4．How can fresh graduates enhance their competitiveness in the job market?
A．By having internships, practical projects, and relevant certificates.
B．By just getting a high-score in the college entrance examination.
C．By only studying textbooks.
D．By doing part-time jobs that have nothing to do with their majors.
7
A newspaper company in the US says it will start using artificial intelligence (人工智能) or AI technology
to write short stories. The company recently announced a plan to use generative AI to add short pieces of
information to the top of each story. The company adds it will test the system later this year. Human writers and
editors will look at what the technology produces and decide whether it meets the company’s standards for
publishing.
Renn Turiano is a top official of the newspaper company. He explained that AI technology can be useful to
reduce boring jobs performed by journalists (新闻工作者). He noted that the newspaper company will test its AI
system slowly before it is permanently used.
Some news organizations launched ( 推出) the technology-based materials too quickly and experienced
problems. This included cases where AI systems created errors in stories. Turiano said, “We’re not making that
mistake.”
Earlier this year, two publishers — Men’s Journal and CNET — had problems with AI-created materials.
In January, CNET reported that a number of stories written by AI had appeared on its website without being
checked by humans. Many of the stories contained mistakes. In February, Men’s Journal published some AI-
created stories on its website that also contained mistakes.
News organizations need to take their time with generative AI. It is advised that they should not use such
tools to publish stories without any human involvement in the process.
The newspaper company recently announced that it was cutting 600 jobs. Some of the journalists still
working there worry that AI will one day replace them. In early June, hundreds of the workers left their jobs for a
short time to protest job cuts and low pay. The labor group that represents some of the journalists says the
newspaper company’s use of generative AI is one of the main concerns. However, the newspaper company
stresses that the technology will not replace humans. Instead, it is designed to help an increasing number of
employees be more effective and give them more time to do other valuable work. Journalists from the USA Today
publication are examining test stories written by its generative AI system.
1．What does the underlined phrase “generative AI” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A．AI that can produce information.
B．AI that can keep editors company.
C．AI that can look after human writers.
D．AI that can monitor a company’s system.
2．Why does the newspaper company develop its AI?
A．To test humans’ intelligence.
B．To solve some math problems.
C．To reduce the journalists’ workloads.
D．To manage some news organizations.
3．Why does the author mention Men’s Journal and CNET?
A．To show AI is a slow learner.
B．To show AI can make mistakes.
C．To show AI is a perfect writing tool.
D．To show AI can work as well as humans.
4．What does the newspaper company expect of the AI technology?
A．It will cut more jobs.
B．It will benefit more employees.
C．It will replace human workers.
D．It will help increase journalists’ pay.
8
Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming the nature of work. To succeed in this AI-driven era, adopting a
skills-first mindset has become essential for both employees and employers.
For workers, this approach requires redefining your jobs as a collection of tasks rather than fixed titles. As
AI advances, these tasks will change. Categorizing them into those AI can take over, enhance, or require human
skills helps employees identify which skills to develop to stay competitive. Studies show that 25% of job skills
have changed since 2015, and this figure is expected to reach 65% by 2030. Apart from AI literacy, human skills
like problem-solving, strategic thinking, and time management are gaining importance. Notably, 92% of U.S.
bosses emphasize that human skills are more critical than ever.
The rise of AI has made it even more important for employers to prioritize a skill-focused approach to
hiring and talent development. The number of people with AI skills is nine times larger than it was in 2016. And
there is a hunger to put these newly developed skills into practice: LinkedIn job posts mentioning AI have seen
17% higher application growth. With such a trend, leaders focusing on skills rather than degrees will unlock
potential. Employers will increasingly become educators, training employees through onboarding (入职培训),
practical projects, and academies.
The year 2024 marks a turning point in human-AI cooperation. Core human skills — including active
listening, empathy, and teamwork — are becoming central to career success, while interpersonal cooperation
drives company success. Thus, AI should be seen as a tool enabling people to work more effectively and focus on
valuable aspects of their jobs. For example, AI can automate routine tasks such as drafting job postings, enabling
recruiters ( 招聘人员) to focus on strategic activities like building relationships with candidates. Similarly,
software engineers use AI for repetitive coding, freeing time for creative innovation.
The future of work will emphasize adaptability. Employees must continuously update their skills, while
employers act as educators, preparing workers for evolving roles. By fostering a culture of lifelong learning and
prioritizing human-AI partnerships, we can create a more fulfilling and human-centered work environment.
1．What is emphasized for employees in the AI era?
A．Career-first reputation.
B．Categorized career tasks.
C．Task-based people skills.
D．Advanced academic degrees.
2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．Challenges in AI talent acquisition.
B．Employers’ shift to skill-focused mindset.
C．Rising demand for AI technical skills.
D．LinkedIn’s influence on AI-centered hiring.
3．What can we infer from paragraph 4?
A．AI concentrates more on the value of a job.
B．Interpersonal cooperation is key to career success.
C．Software developers stress coding more than innovation.
D．AI equips recruiters to connect with applicants more attentively.
4．What is the author’s attitude towards applying AI to the working field?
A．Favorable.
B．Neutral.
C．Indifferent.
D．Dismissive.
9
Walk any direction in Las Vegas and it’s easy to find machines doing human work. Robots can serve food,
and behind the bar, machines are pouring out drinks.
Not only are lower-wage jobs replaced by robots, but technology like ChatGPT, which is a form of
generative AI, will affect white collar jobs, too, in fields like accounting and data entry. In some cases, AI will
help make workers more productive, while other roles might be removed entirely. AI is also likely to create brand
new jobs that don’t even exist yet.
“Wherever the resort industry can replace their workers and not affect productivity, profits or the customer
experience-wherever they can do that with artificial intelligence-they will. We need to move to those occupations
that are more highly skilled, that are not easily replaced by AI and that provide a greater level of balance so we’re
not so hard-hit,” said John Restrepo, principal at RCG Economics in Las Vegas.
Las Vegas city officials are starting to prepare workers for that shift now. At the panel (专家组) hosted by
the local Chamber of Commerce, Tony Yee, who owns a small company in the city, said he wanted to learn how to
use AI to help him with tasks like dealing with customer evaluations. “AI is the next frontier. It’s just like how
people didn’t believe in the Internet in the 90s. This is the next revolution, and if you’re not on board, you’re
going to be left behind. And I don’t want to be left behind,” Yee said.
There is another person, Sabrina Bergman, who works at the Tipsy Robot, a bar inside Planet Hollywood in
Las Vegas. Her job is to help the robot do its job, tending bar. When the robot accidentally tips over a cup, she
resets it. If the robot doesn’t pour a full drink, she tops it off. Bergman said she was not worried about being
unemployed-even the bar just opened a second location earlier this year.
1．What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．The benefits AI brings to various businesses.
B．The fields where machines make a big difference.
C．The impact AI produces on different occupations.
D．The technological progress on the jobs front.
2．What do Restrepo’s remarks imply?
A．Humans would be hard-hit without AI.
B．Humans need to improve to live with AI.
C．Highly skilled occupations must be supported by AI.
D．Service industry should take customer experience seriously.
3．What is Tony Yee’s attitude towards AI?
A．Supportive.
B．Objective.
C．Negative.
D．Uninterested.
4．Why is Bergman unworried about being out of work?
A．She has set up a new bar.
B．Robots don’t replace humans entirely.
C．Businesses can’t afford enough robots.
D．Other workers are behind her in work.
10
New technologies tend to cause a cycle of concern, disorder, and conflict before eventually being accepted.
Recent writings about artificial intelligence (AI) and other advances in computer science suggest that we are
preparing to welcome the final stage of this latest round of invention.
The Last Human Job, sociologist Allison Pugh’s new book centered on caregiving and human connection in
the age of automation, warns readers against unreserved acceptance of these technological advances, citing
“connective labor” as valuable human work that will not be easily replaced by algorithms (算法). “Absent from
discussions about AI and automation,” Pugh argues, “is the impact that these systems might have on the emotional
understandings we build of ourselves and others.”
Pugh sets the stage by arguing for the value of human connection and the importance of both seeing and
being seen by others. “Practitioners (从业者) said they gained a sense of purpose simply from the opportunity of
observing people at their most defenseless,” she observes. She then provides a summary of how care work is
being increasingly automated, showing how quantification and measurement have taken over many aspects of
human-facing jobs, leaving little room for doctors, teachers, and others to build connection.
“When one goes to a doctor or a teacher, the encounter is full of the potential for shame, a risk that makes
it all the more powerful when practitioners show empathic (同理心的) reflection,” writes Pugh. In chapter 8, she
explains how such interactions can be done right. Research conducted by herself and others identifies three key
aspects supporting connective labor: “relational design”, or how people are set up to interact with one another;
“connective culture,” or shared practices and beliefs that influence how people interact; and “resource
distribution,” which includes time given for interaction, worker-to-client rates, and the extent of technology and
data use, among other factors.
Pugh concludes by arguing that we need a social movement for connection. “We need to fight for what we
might call our ‘social health’,” she maintains.
1．What is the main concern of Allison Pugh’s new book?
A．The impact of AI on future employment.B．The approach to living and working with AI.
C．The increasing role of technology in caregiving.
D．The value of connective labor in the age of
automation.
2．Why does the author mention “practitioners” in paragraph 3?
A．To explain how to do care work.
B．To argue against the automation technology.
C．To prove the significance of human connection.
D．To discuss the challenges of privacy in
caregiving.
3．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A．The encounter. B．The shame.
C．The risk.
D．The potential.
4．What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．The overview of chapter 8.
B．The effective way to interact.
C．The new trend of caregiving.
D．The factors of avoiding shame.
